JP2001153795A - Optical apparatus for measuring living matter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure with a plurality of wavelengths and/or wavelength ranges in an optical apparatus for measuring a living matter. SOLUTION: High-speed measurement of two-dimensional measured image data with the plurality of wavelengths and/or wavelength ranges is realized by reducing the number of filters. Two measurements of high-speed measurement of two-dimensional measured image data with a small number of wavelengths and/or wavelength ranges and measurement of component data with many wavelengths are separately carried out to realize the above measurement.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical living body measuring apparatus, and two-dimensionally measures the distribution of blood such as oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin in a living tissue in each part of a living body. The present invention can be applied to diagnosis of normal or abnormal tissue of a living body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is known an optical measuring device which irradiates a subject such as a living body with light, receives light scattered, reflected and absorbed by the subject, and optically measures a tissue of the subject. .
In this optical measurement device, it may be required to diagnose the state of blood vessels and blood flow in a shallow part of a living body such as the skin. In order to determine whether blood vessels and blood flow in such a shallow part of a living body are normal, two-dimensional information of the absolute amount at the time of the measurement is necessary in a part where the measurement depth is shallow.

Conventionally, there has been known an optical measurement in which reflected light or transmitted light from an object is detected by a two-dimensional detector to obtain a two-dimensional image. The values are relative and cannot give an absolute amount, and the image obtained simply shows the time change,
It is not meaningful for diagnosing vascular or blood flow conditions.

Further, in order to obtain two-dimensional information using a conventionally known absolute amount measurement, a plurality of detectors are arranged at different distances from the light source, and the absolute amount of each detector is determined. Is required, there is a problem that the device configuration is complicated and the calculation time is long.In addition, since the composition of the subject is assumed to be uniform, when the composition is non-uniform, However, there is also a problem that the measurement value cannot be said to be significant and an accurate diagnosis cannot be made.

Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has proposed a method of obtaining an absolute quantity at the time of measurement in a short time simply by using two-dimensional image information of a subject obtained by a single two-dimensional detector without requiring a large number of detectors. Proposal of an applied biometric device
-210867).

This optical applied biometric device obtains two-dimensional measurement image data obtained by detecting an object with a detector and reference image data obtained independently of the object at a plurality of measurement wavelengths. The absolute value at the time of measurement is obtained by performing an operation using the measurement image data at the plurality of measurement wavelengths and the reference image data. It is known that the amount of hemoglobin (hemoglobin) contained in blood increases and decreases reflecting the expansion and contraction of blood vessels, and that the expansion and contraction of blood vessels is detected by measuring the amount of hemoglobin in tissues.
Hemoglobin binds to and separates from oxygen in the blood and transports oxygen. At this time, the spectrum is different between oxyhemoglobin bound to oxygen and deoxyhemoglobin separated from oxygen. A method has been proposed in which oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin are non-invasively quantified based on this difference in spectrum, and a diagnosis of a tissue state of a living body such as a blood vessel state such as dilation / reduction of a blood vessel or a blood flow state has been proposed.

[0007]

In order to obtain two-dimensional measurement image data at a plurality of measurement wavelengths in the above-proposed optical biometric device, as shown in FIG. The spectroscopic means 9 is provided in front of the dimension detector 2, and the measuring light from the subject 5 is separated by the spectroscopic means 9 to obtain a measurement wavelength. The spectroscopy unit 9 prepares a plurality of narrow-band filters having a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges necessary for measurement, replaces these narrow-band filters according to the measurement wavelength and / or the measurement wavelength range, and performs imaging.

Therefore, in order to perform imaging at a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength bands, the same number of narrow-band filters as the required wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges are required. There is a problem of increasing.

Generally, a narrow band filter used for measurement is
As shown in FIG. 19, a secondary wavelength and / or wavelength band such as a secondary band is provided in addition to a primary band of a target wavelength and / or wavelength band. Light that has passed through this sub band becomes a noise component. Therefore, in order to avoid the influence of the sub band, the spectral unit 9 is configured by optically overlapping the narrow band filter 9n and the wide band filter 9w (FIG. 18B). Therefore, the spectroscopic means 9 used for the measurement
20. As shown in FIG. 20, the filters 91 and 92 are respectively composed of the broadband filters 9w1 and 9w2.
And the narrow-band filters 9n1 and 9n2, the weight increases and it takes time to replace the filter, and high-speed imaging becomes difficult, and a large-sized filter switching mechanism is required for high-speed imaging.

In addition, it is known that the optical living body measuring device proposed above can measure a relative amount with a small number of wavelengths (two or three wavelengths) to obtain a change with time or measure an absolute amount. ing. Subsequently, the applicant of the present invention has found that the absolute amount is also necessary as an initial value in the measurement of aging.

The measurement of the change over time of the living body requires a high measurement time, but the change over time of biological components other than hemoglobin is negligible. is there. Therefore, the change with time can be measured with a small number of wavelengths.

On the other hand, biological components such as melanin have a negligible change over time and do not require high-speed measurement, but affect the absorption and cause a difference in the absolute amount. Therefore, in measuring the absolute amount, it is necessary to obtain and correct a component based on the individual difference of the subject. In order to obtain the correction data, it is necessary to measure at many wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges, and ideally, the number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges at which a continuous spectrum is obtained is desired. Measuring a large number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges requires a large number of filters, and it is increasingly difficult to increase the speed.

[0013] Therefore, it is desired that the optical biometric device measures at a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges in measuring the change with time and the absolute amount. In particular, high-speed measurement is required for measurement of two-dimensional measurement image data at a plurality of measurement wavelengths, and high-speed measurement is particularly required for measurement of aging. In addition to high-speed measurement for two-dimensional measurement image data, measurement is also required for a large number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems and to perform measurement at a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges in an optical biometric device. In the measurement at a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges, it is an object of the present invention to measure two-dimensional measurement image data to enable high-speed measurement and obtain a temporal change.

In the measurement at a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges, two-dimensional measurement image data can be measured at high speed at a small number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges, and can be measured at a large number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges. It is intended to obtain wavelength component data.

[0016]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, high-speed measurement of two-dimensional measurement image data of a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges is realized by reducing the number of filters. Further, the second invention of the present application is to separately perform two measurements of high-speed measurement of two-dimensional measurement image data of a small number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges and measurement of multi-wavelength component data. It is realized by.

According to the present invention, a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges can be measured in the optical biometric device by reducing the number of filters and performing separate measurement in accordance with the characteristics of the measurement data.

The first invention of the present application is to perform high-speed measurement of two-dimensional measurement image data of a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges by reducing the number of filters. First
The present invention irradiates a living body with light, disperses light emitted from the living body with spectral means, detects spectral light with a two-dimensional detector, and obtains a plurality of wavelengths and / or spectral images of a plurality of wavelengths. In an apparatus for obtaining biological information using an image, a plurality of narrow band filters having different filter characteristics and a wide band filter including a band of the narrow band filter are provided in the spectral unit, and the wide band filter is fixed, and a plurality of narrow band filters are provided. Are exchangeable.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the first invention. The optical biometric device 1 splits light emitted from a subject 5 such as a living body into a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges by using a filter, and measures the light with a two-dimensional detector 2 such as a CCD. As shown in FIG. 1A, the filter includes a narrow-band filter 4 including a plurality of narrow-band filters 41 and 42, and a wide-band filter 3 including the band of the narrow-band filter 4. It is fixed to the detector 2 so that the narrow band 4 can be exchanged. Here, as shown in FIG. 1B, the center pass wavelengths of the narrow band filters 41 and 42 are respectively λ1 and λ2, and the wide band filter 3 has a pass characteristic including λ1 and λ2. To construct a filter of wavelength λ1,
By combining the wide band filter 3 and the narrow band filter 41, the secondary band of the narrow band filter 41 is
Pass only 1 Further, in the configuration of the filter of the wavelength λ2, the narrow band filter 4 is replaced with the wide band filter 3.
And the narrow band filter 42 are combined to remove the secondary band of the narrow band filter 42 and pass only the wavelength λ2.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the spectral wavelength can be changed by moving only the narrow-band filter 4, and it is not necessary to move the wide-band filter as in the prior art. Become. The first invention is
It can be configured in multiple forms to split the wavelength and / or wavelength range.

According to one aspect of the first invention, at least two of the plurality of narrow band filters have a common pass wavelength and / or pass wavelength range, and these narrow band filters are optically combined. I do. With this configuration, it is possible to spectrally separate only a common pass wavelength and / or pass wavelength range, and it is possible to obtain a spectrally captured image of a wavelength and / or wavelength range that the narrow band filter does not have.

Another aspect of the first invention is configured to calculate a spectrum detected through a wide band filter and a narrow band filter. With this configuration, it is possible to change the wavelength and / or wavelength range of the spectrally captured image.

In another aspect of the first invention, the narrow-band filter is configured to be tiltable with respect to incident light. With this configuration, it is possible to change the wavelength and / or wavelength range of the spectrally captured image. Since the tilt angle and the shift amount of the wavelength with respect to the incident light are determined by the characteristics of the narrow band filter to be used, the necessary shift amount of the wavelength and / or the wavelength range can be obtained by selecting the narrow band filter.

The second invention of the present application separates high-speed measurement of two-dimensional measurement image data of a small number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges from measurement of multi-wavelength component data of a large number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges. It is what you do.

According to a second invention, a living body is irradiated with light,
In a device that obtains biological information by using spectral imaging images of a plurality of wavelengths and / or a plurality of wavelengths obtained by separating light emitted from a living body by spectral means and detecting the separated light with a two-dimensional detector, A configuration including image data acquisition means for obtaining image data of wavelengths and / or a plurality of wavelength ranges, and spectral means for spectrally separating a larger number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges than the number of measurement wavelengths and / or measurement wavelength ranges of the image data acquisition means; I do. 2 from a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges obtained by spectroscopic means
While obtaining two-dimensional image data, multi-wavelength component data is measured from the surplus wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges required to obtain the image data, and correction data of the spectrally captured image is obtained.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the second invention. The optical biometric device has two measurement parts, and one measurement part measures multi-wavelength component data by the spectral element 4a having a wide spectral wavelength range and the two-dimensional detector 2, and corrects a spectral imaging image from the spectral data. You can ask for data. Since the correction data has little change over time, the number of measurements can be reduced, and multi-wavelength measurement can be performed.

The other measuring part includes the spectroscopic elements 4b, 4c, 4d having different wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges and the two-dimensional detector 2
To measure two-dimensional image data of a small number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges, and by making the number of wavelengths (wavelength ranges) to be measured small, high-speed measurement is possible. Can be obtained, and a change with time can be obtained.

Therefore, according to the second invention, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3, each of the acquisition of the spectrum data (step S1) and the acquisition of the image data with the selected small number of wavelengths (step S3). The data is acquired, the amount of the measurement object having a small temporal change is obtained using the spectrum data (step S2), and the image distribution of the measurement object having a large temporal change is obtained from the image data (step S4). It is possible to measure component data and two-dimensional image data having a small wavelength.

According to one aspect of the second invention, a plurality of wavelengths obtained by irradiating a living body with light, separating light emitted from the living body with spectral means, and detecting the separated light with a two-dimensional detector are provided. And in an apparatus that obtains biological information using spectral imaging images in a plurality of wavelength ranges, an image data acquisition unit that obtains spectral imaging images over time by a small number of specific wavelengths and / or specific wavelength ranges, and a large number of wavelengths and / or wavelengths Spectrum data obtaining means for obtaining a non-temporal light spectrum depending on the region.

According to this configuration, the component data and the two-dimensional data are obtained by the image data obtaining means and the spectrum data obtaining means.
By adopting a configuration in which two-dimensional image data is acquired separately from the two-dimensional image data, it is possible to acquire broadband component data with a small number of measurements and acquire a large amount of high-speed two-dimensional image data with a small number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges. it can.

According to another aspect of the second invention, in the spectrum data acquiring means, a measurement range for obtaining an optical spectrum is provided within a spectral imaging range of a subject, and the position and / or size of the range is variable. By providing the measurement range for obtaining the optical spectrum within the spectral imaging range of the subject, it is possible to obtain correction data for correcting the deviation of the spectral captured image based on the individual difference of the subject such as a living body. Also,
By making the position and / or size of the measurement range variable, it is possible to set the position and size that averagely represent the measurement conditions of the spectral imaging range, and eliminate the bias of the measurement points.

[0032]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. First, an embodiment based on the first invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a part of the optical living body measuring apparatus. The optical biometric device irradiates a subject 5 such as a living body with light, disperses the light emitted from the subject 5 by spectroscopic means, and uses the two-dimensional detector (not shown) to separate the separated light. The biological information is obtained by detecting the spectral imaging images of a plurality of wavelengths and / or a plurality of wavelength ranges. The spectral means is a broadband filter 3
And a narrow-band filter 4. The narrow band filter 4 is provided with a plurality of filters 41 and 42 having different filter characteristics so as to be exchangeable. For the replacement of the filter, a rotation mechanism or a slide mechanism can be used. The illustrated configuration is an example in which a plurality of filters are provided on a turntable.

The broadband filter 3 is fixed and arranged on the optical axis from the subject 5 to a two-dimensional detector (not shown). On the other hand, the narrow band filter 4 is arranged on the turntable, and selects the filters 41 and 42 to be used with the rotation of the turntable. Note that the number of filters that can be replaced can be arbitrary.

Hereinafter, a plurality of modes for dispersing a wavelength and / or a wavelength range will be described. A form based on the first invention is:
As shown in FIG. 1, it can be configured by a combination of a wide band filter and a plurality of narrow band filters. By exchanging only the narrow band filter, for example, the spectrum of the center wavelength λ1 and the spectrum of the center wavelength λ2 are performed. be able to.

The embodiments shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 are examples in which one broadband filter and two narrowband filters are used to perform spectral calculation to separate three wavelength components, two wavelength components, and one wavelength component, respectively. is there.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which three wavelength components are separated. FIG. 5A shows the filter characteristics of a wide band filter including the bands of the narrow band filters 1 and 2, and the spectrum A after the separation. () And (c) show the filter characteristics of the narrow band filters 1 and 2 having the center wavelengths of λ1 and λ2, and spectra B and C obtained by an optical combination of each narrow band filter and wide band filter.

Here, as shown in FIG. 5D, by performing a spectrum operation of subtracting the spectra B and C from the spectrum A (broken line in the figure), as shown in FIG. , Λ2, λa, λb, λc
Can be separated. Therefore, in this example, three wavelength components (λa, λb, λc) can be separated by two narrow band filters (wavelengths λ1, λ2).

FIG. 6 shows an example in which two wavelength components are separated, and FIGS. 6 (a), (b) and (c) show FIGS.
9 shows filter characteristics and spectra similar to those shown in FIGS. Note that the narrow band filter 1 and the narrow band filter 2 have overlapping portions in each wavelength range. Here, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 6D, by performing a spectrum operation of subtracting the spectra B and C from the spectrum A (broken line in the figure), as shown in FIG.
The two wavelengths λa and λc on both sides can be separated. Therefore, in this example, two narrow-band filters (wavelength λ
1, λ2), the two wavelength components (λa, λc) can be separated.

FIG. 7 shows an example of dispersing one wavelength component. FIGS. 7 (a), (b), and (c) show FIGS.
9 shows filter characteristics and spectra similar to those shown in FIGS. Note that the narrow band filter 1 and the narrow band filter 2 have a wavelength range close to the boundary region of the wide band filter. Here, as shown in FIG.
By performing the spectrum operation of subtracting the spectra B and C from the (dashed line in the figure), as shown in FIG. 7 (e), it is possible to split the wavelength λb between the wavelength λ1 and the wavelength λ2. Therefore, in this example, one wavelength component (λb) is generated by two narrow band filters (wavelengths λ1 and λ2).
Can be separated.

In each of the examples shown in FIGS.
The wavelengths [lambda] a, [lambda] b, [lambda] c to be split can be set by the boundary wavelength of the wide band filter and the wavelengths [lambda] 1, [lambda] 2 of the narrow band filter.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is an example in which one wavelength component is separated by optically superposing two narrow band filters. The narrow band filter 1 has a pass band at the wavelengths λa and λb (FIG. 8A), the narrow band filter 2 has a pass band at the wavelengths λb and λc (FIG. 8B),
Each wavelength λb is a common pass band. When the two narrow band filters 1 and 2 are optically overlapped, the wavelength λa and the wavelength λc are shielded by the other narrow band filter, and only the common λb can be separated. Therefore, in this example, one wavelength component can be separated by two narrow band filters.

According to each of the above embodiments, by combining a wide band filter and a narrow band filter, it is possible to perform spectroscopy at a plurality of various wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges.
In addition to the above-described embodiments, a plurality of various wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges can be separated by a combination of only a narrow band filter and an inclination of the narrow band filter.

FIG. 9 shows an example for explaining an embodiment in which spectral separation is performed using only a narrow band filter. FIG. 9 (a)
A narrow-band filter A having wavelengths λa and λb;
9A and 9B show filter characteristics of a narrow-band filter B having b and λc, and a synthesis filter C having a wavelength λb formed by overlapping both narrow-band filters A and B. FIG. B and C are shown. Here, the spectrum C is a spectrum in a rectangle in FIG. 9B indicating that the spectrum of the wavelength λb is obtained.

Further, it is shown that the spectrum by the spectrum of the wavelength λa can be obtained by the arithmetic processing of subtracting the spectrum C from the spectrum A (the spectrum in the rectangle in FIG. 9C). The spectrum in the rectangle in FIG. 9D that is obtained by the arithmetic processing of subtracting the spectrum C from the spectrum B).

FIG. 10 shows an example for explaining a mode in which the spectral wavelength is changed by inclining the spectral element constituting the narrow band filter. The narrow band filter 4 ′ in FIG. 10A shows a state where the narrow band filter 4 is inclined with respect to the optical axis from the subject 5 to the two-dimensional detector 2. In general, it is known that when the spectroscopic element is inclined with respect to the optical axis, the wavelength characteristic of the filter in FIG. 10B changes, and a wavelength shift occurs from the wavelength λA to the wavelength λB.

Therefore, the relationship between the tilt angle and the wavelength shift amount of the spectral element used as the narrow band filter is determined in advance, and the spectral wavelength is changed by inclining the spectral element according to the wavelength to be split.

Next, an embodiment based on the second invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the optical biometric device of the present invention. The optical biometric device 1 irradiates the subject 5 with light from the light source 7 via a light guide such as an optical fiber 8, and disperses the light emitted from the subject 5 by the spectral means (3, 4, 10). The biological information is obtained using a plurality of wavelengths and / or a plurality of spectral images obtained by detecting the separated light with the two-dimensional detector 2. The two-dimensional detector 2 and an image signal processing device (not shown) constitute an image data acquisition unit, and obtain image data of hemoglobin (oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin) from the detected spectrally picked-up image using a plurality of wavelengths and / or a plurality of wavelength ranges. .

The spectroscopic means 3, 4, and 10 disperse a larger number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges than the number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges required for a spectrally captured image. The spectral means (broadband filter 3 and narrowband filter 4) obtains two-dimensional image data of hemoglobin from a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges. As shown in FIG. 12, the narrow band filter 4 includes a plurality of filters 41, 42, and 43 having different wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges on a rotating disk.
By rotating the turntable with the motor 6, the filter is replaced to change the spectral wavelength, and image data necessary for measuring the temporal change of hemoglobin is obtained.

The spectroscope 10 performs spectroscopy at multiple wavelengths other than the wavelength range and / or wavelength necessary for the image data of the temporal change of hemoglobin, and measures the component data of a scattering substance such as melanin which has a small temporal change. This component data has little change over time and represents characteristics and measurement conditions due to individual differences of the subject, and is used as correction data for correcting a spectrally captured image.

A spectroscope 10 in FIG. 11 is an example of a spectroscope that performs multi-wavelength spectroscopy. The spectroscope 10 irradiates the light from the subject 5 branched by the second light source 11, the slit 13, and the optical system 15 for irradiating the inside of the measurement area on the subject 5 with the half mirror arranged on the optical axis. Light receiving slit 14
And a detector 12. The detector 12 includes a multi-wavelength spectroscope and detects a spectrum. As the detector 12, a photodiode array other than a CCD camera can be used, and a spectral element such as a slit or a diffraction grating can be used instead of the multi-wavelength spectroscope.

In the above embodiment, high-speed measurement of two-dimensional measurement image data of a small number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges and measurement of multi-wavelength component data can be performed separately. Less than,
The operation of the mode according to the second invention will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG. 13 and the image example in FIG. Note that FIG.
In the flowchart of step S10, steps S10 to S14 are steps for measuring component data of multiple wavelengths.
Steps 15 to S19 are steps for measuring two-dimensional image data at high speed, and each step can be performed separately.

In steps S10 to S14, steps S10 to S12 are steps for determining a measurement range on the subject. The subject 5 is illuminated by the light source 7 and the shape of the subject 5 is imaged by the two-dimensional detector 2. FIG. 14A shows an image area 21 and an image 22 measured by the two-dimensional detector 2 (step S10). On the other hand, the second light source 11 irradiates the measurement range of the spectrum onto the subject 5 (step S1).
1).

The shape of the measurement range is determined by the slit 13, and the position and size of the measurement range on the subject 5 can be determined by the optical system 15. FIG. 14B shows a measurement range 16 of the spectrum detected by the detector 12. FIG. 14C shows the image 22 and the image 1 in the measurement range of the spectrum.
6 shows a state in which 6 is superimposed and displayed. The position and size of the spectral measurement range 16 can be changed by adjusting the optical system 15 while observing the display image shown in FIG. FIG. 14D shows an image 16 in the spectral measurement range by adjusting the lens of the optical system 15.
Is shown in an enlarged state. As a result, it is possible to avoid the influence of a shadow or the like on the subject and select a range showing the average characteristics of the subject as the measurement range (step S12).

The detector 12 splits the measurement range 16 at a number of wavelengths to obtain spectrum data. FIG. 15 is an example of the spectrum data. In the spectral data, hemoglobin (oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin) can be measured using the wavelength and / or wavelength range showing the peak, and the remaining wavelength and / or wavelength range excluding the wavelength and / or wavelength range for measuring hemoglobin can be measured. Can obtain data on melanin and other pigments (step S13). Since data obtained from melanin and other pigments includes data on individual differences between subjects and measurement conditions, measurement data of changes over time in hemoglobin and the like can be corrected using this data.

Further, melanin and other pigments have little change over time with respect to hemoglobin whose change over time is large. Therefore, it is sufficient to perform the spectrum measurement only at a predetermined time, and even if the measurement time is lengthened by measuring multiple wavelengths, it is possible to measure the temporal change of hemoglobin or the like without any trouble (step S14).

Next, at steps S15 to S19, 2
High-speed measurement of dimensional image data. 2 such as hemoglobin
A measurement wavelength corresponding to the object whose dimensional image data is to be measured is determined (step S15), and image data is obtained by spectroscopy at a specific wavelength in an imaging range as shown in FIG. 14A (step S16). Steps S16 and S17 are repeated for the measurement wavelength required for imaging (step S1).
7) From the obtained image data, an image distribution of a measurement item having a large temporal change such as hemoglobin (oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin) is obtained (step S18).

By repeating steps S15 to S18, a change with time is obtained. The measurement of the change with time requires high-speed measurement, but high-speed measurement can be performed by performing spectroscopy with a small number of measurement wavelengths. In addition, by reducing the number of measurement wavelengths (for example, two wavelengths in the amount of change of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin), it is possible to cope with a quick change (step S19).

Next, another configuration example will be described with reference to FIGS. In another configuration example, a filter for acquiring image data is also used without using a spectroscope for spectral data. A large number of filters (wavelengths λ1 to λm, λn to λp) are provided in the narrow band filter 4. At the start of measurement, a number of filters (wavelengths λ1 to λm, λn to λ
The spectrum is obtained by p) (step S20), and parameters such as melanin are obtained from the spectrum data. In this measurement,
There is no need to obtain image data, and data of a predetermined one pixel can be used as a representative value, or data of a predetermined number of pixels can be averaged to obtain a representative value. Data is obtained not for all pixels but for a limited number of pixels Thus, the measurement time can be reduced (step S21).

In order to obtain the change with time, the number of filters of the narrow band filter 4 is reduced (step S22), and image data is obtained using only the filters required for the image data (wavelengths λ1 to λm) (step S23). Then, an image distribution of oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin and the like is obtained from (step S24).

For example, in the initial stage, measurement is performed at five wavelengths, and image data for which a change with time is determined is measured at two wavelengths. This makes it possible to measure multi-wavelength component data and two-dimensional image data having a small number of wavelengths.

In the above description, the transmission type filter is described. However, the same can be applied to the reflection type filter. According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to change the spectral wavelength by moving only the narrow band filter, and it is not necessary to move the wide band filter as in the related art, so that high-speed measurement can be performed. Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to acquire broadband component data with a small number of measurements and acquire a large amount of high-speed two-dimensional image data with a small number of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges.

According to the optical living body measuring apparatus of the present invention,
For example, by observing the two-dimensional distribution state of deoxyhemoglobin or oxyhemoglobin, it is possible to diagnose a biological condition such as vascular occlusion.

[0064]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Measurement can be performed at a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges in an optical biometric device. In addition, in measurement at a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges, it is possible to obtain high-speed measurement of two-dimensional measurement image data and obtain a temporal change, and when measuring at a plurality of wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges, a small number of wavelengths and Or, high-speed measurement of two-dimensional measurement image data in the wavelength range,
Multi-wavelength component data can be obtained by measurement at multiple wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a first invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a second invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the second invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a part of the optical biometric device of the first invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of wavelength spectroscopy by the optical biometric device of the first invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of wavelength spectroscopy for splitting three wavelength components by the optical biometric device of the first invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of wavelength spectroscopy for splitting two wavelength components by the optical biometric device of the first invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of wavelength spectroscopy for splitting one wavelength component by the optical biometric device of the first invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of wavelength spectroscopy using only a narrow band filter of the optical biometric device of the first invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of wavelength spectroscopy by tilting the optical biometric device according to the first invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the optical biometric device of the second invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a filter configuration.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the mode based on the second invention.

FIG. 14 is an image example for explaining the operation of the mode based on the second invention.

FIG. 15 is an example of spectrum data according to the second invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the optical biometric device of the second invention.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the optical biometric device of the second invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a conventional optical biometric device.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating spectroscopy by a conventional optical biometric device.

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating switching of a spectral wavelength by a conventional optical biometric device.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Optical biometric device, 2, 12 ... Detector, 3, 9w ... Broadband filter, 4, 4 ', 9n ... Narrow bandpass filter, 5 ...
Subject, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 41, 42 ... filter, 6 ... motor, 7 ... light source, 8 ... light guide, 9, 10 ... spectroscope, 11 ... second light source, 13, 14 ... slit, 15 …
Optical system, 16 image, 21 image area, 22 image.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yasushi Ito Exhibition 1 Nishinokyo Kuwabaracho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto Inside Shimadzu Corporation (72) Inventor Manami Kobayashi 1 Nishinokyo Kuwahara-cho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto In the factory (72) Inventor Tetsuo Tamai 1 Nishinokyo Kuwaharacho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto F-term in Shimadzu Corporation (reference) 2G059 AA01 BB12 CC18 EE01 EE11 EE12 JJ02 KK04 4C038 KK01 KL07 KY04

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A method of irradiating a living body with light, separating light emitted from the living body by spectral means, and detecting a plurality of wavelengths and / or a plurality of wavelengths obtained by detecting the separated light with a two-dimensional detector. In an apparatus for obtaining biological information using a captured image, the spectroscopic unit includes a plurality of narrow band filters having different filter characteristics, and a wide band filter including a band of the narrow band filter. An optical biometric device, wherein a narrow band filter is replaceable. 2. At least two narrow band filters of the plurality of narrow band filters have a common pass wavelength and / or pass wavelength range, and by optically combining the narrow band filters, a common pass wavelength and / or 2. The optical biometric apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a spectral image in a pass wavelength range is obtained. 3. Computing a spectrum detected through the wide band filter and the narrow band filter,
The optical biometric device according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength and / or the wavelength range of the spectral image is changed. 4. The optical biometric device according to claim 1, wherein the narrow band filter is capable of changing a wavelength and / or a wavelength range of a spectrally captured image by being capable of being inclined with respect to incident light. 5. A plurality of wavelengths and / or a plurality of wavelength ranges obtained by irradiating a living body with light, separating light emitted from the living body with a spectral unit, and detecting the separated light with a two-dimensional detector. In a device that obtains biological information using a captured image, a plurality of wavelengths and / or image data acquisition means for acquiring image data of a plurality of wavelength ranges, and a number of measurement wavelengths and / or measurement wavelength ranges of the image data acquisition means greater than the number of An optical biometric device, comprising: spectral means for spectrally dispersing a wavelength and / or a wavelength range, and obtaining correction data of a spectrally captured image by spectral analysis of a surplus wavelength and / or wavelength range required for obtaining image data. 6. A plurality of wavelengths and / or a plurality of wavelength ranges obtained by irradiating a living body with light, separating light emitted from the living body with a spectral unit, and detecting the separated light with a two-dimensional detector. In an apparatus for obtaining biological information using a captured image, an image data acquisition unit that obtains a spectral imaging image over time with a small number of specific wavelengths and / or specific wavelength ranges, and an optical spectrum that does not age with many wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges And a spectrum data obtaining means for obtaining the following. 7. The spectrum data acquisition means, wherein a measurement range for obtaining an optical spectrum is provided within a spectral imaging range of a subject, and the position and / or size of the measurement range is variable. 7. The optical biometric device according to 6.