JP2001153019A - Bucket of pelton wheel, needle valve, and pelton wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide buckets, a needle valve, and a Pelton wheel where the maintenance, the lengthening the life of the buckets, the maintenance of the water wheel performance, measures for repair, etc., are easy by favorably maintaining the shape of especially a deflector tip or a notch tip of each bucket of the Pelton wheel for a long time. SOLUTION: Only a deflector tip part 20 in the center part of a bucket is formed of a part which is different from a bucket body 21, and the deflector tip part 20 is installed to the bucket body so that it can be removed and replaced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bucket and a needle valve in a Pelton turbine and a Pelton turbine having the bucket and the needle valve.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 10 and 11 are diagrams showing the configuration of a Pelton turbine having a vertical injection structure, in particular, of Pelton turbines conventionally generally used in a hydroelectric power plant.

In FIGS. 10 and 11, a generator 2 is directly connected to the top of a water turbine main shaft 1, and a runner 3 is connected to a lower end of the water turbine main shaft 1. A number of buckets 4 are mounted on the outer periphery of the runner 3, and a plurality of (two in the figure) needle valves 5 for jetting pressure water toward the bucket 4 are arranged outside the bucket 4. I have. The needle valve 5 is disposed at the tip of casings 7, 7, one end of which is branched from a penstock 6 that opens into a water reservoir (not shown), and a needle valve body 9 is provided in a nozzle pipe 8. have.

When the pressurized water supplied by the penstock 6 is ejected from the tip of the nozzle pipe 8 toward the bucket 4 through the inlet valve 10 and the casing 7 provided on the penstock 6, the jet water is discharged. A rotational force is generated in the runner 3 by the collision force of the runner 3 with the bucket 4, and the generator 2 is rotationally driven via the water turbine main shaft 1 to which the runner 3 is connected.

[0005] In the case of such Pelton turbines, especially those installed in a power plant located in a river with a lot of earth and sand, the earth and sand and stones flowing from the penstock 6 flow from the tip of the nozzle pipe 8. It hits the bucket 4 at a high speed while mixing with the jet water jetted out. Therefore, in order to improve corrosion resistance and wear resistance, a spray coating treatment or the like may be performed on the flowing surface of the bucket 4 (the inner surface of the bucket bowl).

[0006]

However, when a large amount of earth and sand and stones are mixed in the jet water jetted from the nozzle pipe 8, the earth and sand collide with the bucket runner and cause serious damage. There is. The extreme unevenness generated on the bucket runner due to the damage has a great effect on the turbine performance due to a decrease in turbine efficiency, vibration, and the like. In addition, in order to improve the corrosion resistance and wear resistance, when the inner surface of the bucket bowl is subjected to thermal spraying, in particular, the draining tip 11 at the center of the bucket 4 and the notch tip 12 at the outer periphery of the bucket 4.
As for the tip, the tip is in a state of a sword, so the impact of these earth and sand will damage the sprayed coating at the tip, which will cause the sprayed coating in the vicinity to be affected, and as a result, In some cases, the life of the thermal spray coating is shortened and repair is difficult.

In view of the foregoing, the present invention makes it easy to maintain the bucket, prolong its life, maintain the water turbine performance, take measures for repair, etc. by maintaining the shape of the bucket, particularly the tip of the drain and the notch, in a good condition for a long period of time. The objective is to obtain a simple bucket, needle valve, and Pelton turbine.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, in a bucket of a Pelton turbine, only a draining tip at a central portion of the bucket is formed as a separate part from a bucket body, and the draining tip is detachable from the bucket body. It is characterized by being attached to.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in a bucket of a Pelton turbine, a draining tip portion at a central portion of the bucket is formed to be partially short, and a portion in which the draining tip portion is formed to be partially short is provided separately from a bucket body. Characterized in that a thin draining core member formed by the above method is detachably attached.

A third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the Pelton turbine, the bucket notch tip is formed as a separate component from the bucket body, and the bucket notch tip is detachably attached to the bucket body.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the bucket of the Pelton turbine, a shock absorber is attached to at least one of a drain end portion and a cut end portion at the center of the bucket.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the needle valve of the Pelton turbine, a guide blade extending in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the turbine is attached to a distal end of a valve body of the needle valve.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in a needle valve of a Pelton turbine, an inner surface of a nozzle pipe of the needle valve is provided.
It is characterized in that guide vanes extending in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the water turbine are mounted.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is a Pelton turbine having at least one of the bucket according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and the needle valve according to any one of claims 8 to 11.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. Note that FIG.
11 and the same parts as those in FIG. 11 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1A is a plan view of a bucket in the Pelton turbine of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the draining tip 20 at the center of the bucket 4 is formed of a separate component from the bucket body 21, and the draining tip 20 is detachably attached to the bucket body 21.

That is, the draining portion 22 at the center of the bucket 4 is formed with a draining tip mounting flat surface 23 extending in the longitudinal direction. The draining tip mounting surface 23 has a dovetail shape extending in the longitudinal direction. A groove 24 is formed. On the other hand, the tip end 20 of the drainer is formed of the same material as that of the bucket body 21 or another earth-and-abrasion-resistant material, and has a substantially triangular cross section. A ridge 20a is formed.

The dovetail groove 24 of the bucket body 21
The draining tip 20 is fixed to the bucket body 21 by engaging a dovetail-shaped ridge 20 a of the draining tip 20 with a bolt 25 from the lower surface of the bucket body 21.

If the draining tip 20 is worn, the bolt 25 is removed and the draining tip 20 is pulled out along the dovetail groove 24 to remove the worn draining tip 20 from the bucket body 21. After disassembly, a new draining tip 20 can be attached to the bucket body 21 in the reverse procedure.

When the bucket body 21 is made of ordinary cast steel, stainless steel having excellent earth and sand wear resistance can be used as the material of the drainer tip. When the thermal spray coating is applied to the tip, the draining tip may be made of mild steel.

As described above, when the draining tip 20 of the bucket is worn out by soil and stones contained in the river water having velocity energy ejected from the tip of the nozzle pipe, another new draining tip is provided. Can be easily replaced. Further, the tip of the drainer can always be maintained in the same shape and the same properties as those at the time of manufacture, and the repair time can be shortened. In addition, by applying a thermal spray coating process to the flowing water surface of the detachable draining tip portion 20, the earth and sand wear effect can be further enhanced.

FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which only a drain core 26 at the tip of the drain is detachably attached to the bucket body 21.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the draining tip 27 at the center of the bucket formed integrally with the bucket body 21 is partially shortened and formed short. A groove 28 extending along the tip of the drainer is formed at the bent portion. The base of a thin core 26 made of the same material or another material as the bucket body 21 is inserted into the groove 28. 2 (c) and 2 (d) are enlarged views of a portion X in FIG. 2 (b). As shown in FIG. 2 (c), the drain core 26 is curved so as to be smoothly connected to the running surface of the bucket. The outer surface of the bucket body 2 may be provided as shown in FIG.
The thermal spraying may be performed on the connecting portion with 1.

Thus, in this embodiment, even if the drain core 26 is worn, the tip keeps the shape of the thin width of the drain core until the core is worn down to a height near the water level. Efficiency reduction can be minimized. In addition, when the near-running water surface is worn, it can be easily replaced with another new drain core, and the same effect as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained.

FIG. 3 is a view showing still another embodiment of the present invention. The notch tip 30 of the bucket 4 is formed by a separate component from the bucket body 21, and the notch tip 30 is It is engaged with a groove formed in the bucket body 21 and is fixed to the bucket body 21 by a bolt 31.

However, also in this case, the notch tip 30
Even if is worn out, it can be easily replaced with a new notch tip, and the same effect as in the other embodiments can be obtained.

In each of the above embodiments, the tip of the drainer or the notch is formed as a separate part from the bucket body. However, as shown in FIGS. The notch 20 and the notch tip 30 may be formed integrally, and this may be detachably attached to the bucket body 21.

FIGS. 5A and 5B show still another embodiment of the present invention, in which a rubber lining 32 is provided at the tip of the drainer. And in this case, earth and sand,
Even when the stones collide with the draining tip, the impact is absorbed by the elasticity of the rubber, and it is possible to reduce damage to the lower layer portion of the rubber lining 32 and the vicinity of the thermal spray coating portion,
The sprayed state of the corrosion-resistant coating at the tip of the drainer can be maintained for a long time.

FIGS. 6A and 6B show another embodiment of the present invention, in which a needle valve body 9 of a needle valve 5 is provided.
A guide vane 33 extending on a surface perpendicular to the rotation axis of the water wheel is attached to the outer surface of the tip of the turbine.

However, earth and sand and stones contained in the jet water ejected from between the flow passages of the needle valve body 9 and the nozzle pipe 8 are rectified by the guide blades 33, and particularly, relatively large earth and stones which wear the draining end are removed. As a result, the rate at which the debris directly collides with the tip of the bucket drain is reduced. Therefore, the wear of the bucket can be reduced, and the sprayed coating at the tip of the drainer can be maintained for a long time.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a modification of FIG. 6, in which the guide blade 33 is formed by three members as shown in FIG. That is, the guide blade 33 includes left and right guide blade pieces 33a and 33b, and a tip connecting piece 33c that connects these pieces to each other. On the other hand, a groove 34 having a dovetail shape in cross section is formed on the left and right sides of the distal end portion of the needle valve body 9 so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the water turbine and converge toward the distal end (FIG. 7B) (C)) the groove 3
The base portions of the left and right guide blade pieces 33a, 33b are engaged with and mounted on 4, and the distal ends of both guide blade pieces 33a, 33b are connected and fixed by the tip connecting piece 33c.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the guide vanes 33 can be easily attached to and detached from the needle valve main body 9, so that the wear of the bucket can be reduced and the repair period can be shortened. it can.

FIG. 8 is a view showing still another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the nozzle pipe 8 has an inner surface facing the nozzle pipe 8 in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the turbine. A pair of guide blades 35 extending in a plane including the central axis of the nozzle pipe 8 is provided. Thus, also in this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the direct collision of large earth and sand with the tip of the bucket drainer, and the same effects as those shown in FIGS.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the embodiment of FIG.
The inner surface of the nozzle pipe 8 has a groove 36 extending in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the water turbine and including the central axis of the nozzle pipe.
The outer edge of the guide blade 35 is engaged and fixed to the groove 36. Thus, the pressurized water flowing through the nozzle pipe 8 is guided by the guide blades 35, and particularly large soil among the soil and stones contained in the jet water directly collides with the bucket draining tip due to the rectifying effect of the guide blades 35. That is alleviated. Moreover, when the guide blades are worn, the guide blades 35 can be easily replaced with new ones, and the repair period can be shortened.

In the above embodiment, the guide blades are provided on the outer surface of the needle valve body or the inner surface of the nozzle pipe. However, guide blades may be provided on both of them. Of course, the bucket runner having the bucket shown in FIG. 1 and the like and the needle valve shown in FIG. 6 can be used simultaneously.

[0036]

As described above, according to the present invention, the tip end of the drain or the notch of the bucket can be detachably attached to the bucket body, so that the initial shape of the bucket can be easily restored. Further, when thermal spraying is performed on the water flow surface of the bucket, the sprayed water draining end or the notch distal end can be detachably attached, so that the thermal spraying shape in the operation start state can be easily restored. Furthermore, in the case where the guide vane is provided on the needle valve body or the nozzle pipe, it is possible to reduce earth and sand or stones in the jet water from directly hitting the bucket tip and maintain the shape of the bucket tip for a long time. can do. Therefore, the water turbine performance of the bucket runner can be kept high for a long period of time, and the maintenance, life extension and repair measures of the bucket runner can be simplified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a bucket according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of (a).

2A and 2B are diagrams showing another embodiment of the bucket of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2A, and FIG. An enlarged view showing an example of the X portion of FIG.
(D) is an enlarged view showing another example of the X section.

3A and 3B are diagrams showing still another embodiment of the bucket of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is a plan view, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG.

4A and 4B are diagrams showing another embodiment of the bucket of the present invention, wherein FIG. 4A is a plan view, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of FIG.

5A and 5B are diagrams showing still another embodiment of the bucket of the present invention, wherein FIG. 5A is a plan view, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE of FIG.

6A is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the needle valve of the present invention, and FIG. 6B is a transverse sectional view of a needle valve main body.

FIG. 7A is a partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the needle valve main body in the needle valve of the present invention, and FIG. 7B is a view showing a state where the guide blades of the needle valve main body shown in FIG. The side view shown, (c) is sectional drawing which follows the OO line | wire of (b).

FIGS. 8A and 8B are views showing another embodiment of the needle valve of the present invention, wherein FIG. 8A is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG.

FIG. 9 is an exploded view showing another embodiment of the needle valve of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a general Pelton turbine.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a Pelton turbine having a two-axis vertical structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Runner 4 Bucket 5 Needle Valve 8 Nozzle Pipe 9 Needle Valve Body 20, 27 Draining Tip 21 Bucket Body 22 Draining Part 24 Dovetail Groove 25, 31 Bolt 26 Drain Core 28 Groove 27 Notch Tip 32 Rubber Lining 33, 35 Guide vane 34 Pigeon tail groove

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tetsuya Kobayashi 66-2 Horikawa-cho, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture F-term (reference) 3H072 AA04 AA27 BB01 BB06 BB09 BB32 CC12 CC13 CC34 CC92 CC94

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A bucket for a Pelton turbine, wherein only the tip of the drain at the center of the bucket is formed as a separate part from the bucket body, and the tip of the drain is detachably attached to the bucket body. 2. A draining tip in a central portion of a bucket is partially shortened, and a thin draining core formed by a separate part from a bucket body is attached to and detached from a portion where the draining tip is partially shortened. A bucket for a pellet turbine, which is mounted as possible. 3. A draining tip or a draining core is engaged with a groove extending along the draining tip formed in a part of the bucket body or the draining tip partially shortened. The bucket of the Pelton turbine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bucket is provided. 4. A groove formed in a bucket body for attaching a draining tip is formed in a dovetail shape in cross section.
The bucket of the Pelton turbine according to claim 3, wherein an engaging portion of the drain end with the groove is formed so as to correspond to a cross-sectional shape of the groove. 5. A bucket for a Pelton turbine, wherein a bucket notch tip is formed by a separate component from the bucket body, and the bucket notch tip is detachably attached to the bucket body. 6. A bucket for a Pelton turbine according to claim 5, wherein a draining tip is formed integrally with the bucket notch tip. 7. A bucket for a Pelton turbine, wherein a shock absorber is attached to at least one of a drain end and a notch end in the center of the bucket. 8. A needle valve for a Pelton turbine, characterized in that a guide blade extending in a plane perpendicular to a rotation axis of the turbine is mounted on a tip end of a valve body of the needle valve. 9. The needle valve of a Pelton turbine according to claim 8, wherein a base portion of the guide blade is detachably engaged with a groove formed at a tip portion of the valve body of the needle valve. 10. A needle valve for a Pelton turbine, wherein a guide blade extending in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the turbine is mounted on an inner surface of a nozzle pipe of the needle valve. 11. The needle valve of a Pelton turbine according to claim 10, wherein a base of the guide blade is detachably engaged with a groove formed in an inner surface of the nozzle pipe of the needle valve. 12. A Pelton turbine comprising at least one of the bucket according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and the needle valve according to any one of claims 8 to 11.