JP2001148994A - Particulate applicator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a particulate applicator which can efficiently apply the particulates of an agrochemical or the like to a farm land. SOLUTION: This particulate applicator is provided with a storage portion 20 which is attached to a frame 10 and stores an agrochemical, an application head 30 which is hung and supported from the frame 10 through a hanging and holding portion 40 and communicates with the storage portion 20 and in which releasing holes for releasing out the agrochemical flowing in from the storage portion 20 are formed, and a vibration adding mechanism for vibrating the application head 30 to release the agrochemical.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for spraying fine particles such as agricultural chemicals on agricultural land.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Pesticides are indispensable for modern agriculture, for example, they are used for controlling pests that destroy crops and for removing weeds that grow on agricultural land. There are various forms of this pesticide, such as powdery, granular, and liquid forms.

[0003] A tractor-mounted agricultural chemical spraying apparatus is used to spray granular agricultural chemicals on agricultural land for the purpose of controlling insects and preventing diseases in the soil of cultivated crops.
FIG. 8 shows a conventional tractor-mounted agricultural chemical spraying apparatus. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a tractor, 2 denotes a pesticide spraying device, 3 denotes a pesticide storage unit, 4 denotes a pesticide discharge hole, and 5 denotes a pesticide stirring shaft. In the pesticide spraying device 2, the pesticide stored in the storage part 3 is extruded toward the discharge hole 4 while being stirred by rotating the stirring shaft 5, thereby releasing the pesticide.

[0004] In this pesticide spraying device, the pesticide is sprayed on the ground from the pesticide spraying device attached to the front of the tractor while the tractor is running, and the soil is raised by a rotary attached to the rear of the tractor. The pesticides are driven into the soil.

[0005]

However, a conventional tractor-mounted type pesticide spraying apparatus has an object of spraying pellet-shaped pesticides having a large particle size (about 3 to 5 mm) as compared with finely divided pesticides. And Therefore, for example, when it is attempted to spray fine pesticides having a small particle size (about 0.1 mm) called fine particles, a large amount of the pesticides is released collectively from the discharge holes 4 and it becomes difficult to spray an appropriate amount. There is. Also, when a large amount of pesticide is put into the storage unit 3, the pesticide bridges on the stirring shaft 5 (the
(The phenomenon of compaction above the floor and not falling down). Further, the rotation of the stirring shaft 5 generates static electricity, and the pesticide adheres to the stirring shaft 5 and the like, so that there is a problem that the effect of pushing out by the stirring shaft 5 is reduced by half or causes a failure.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a fine particle dispersing apparatus capable of efficiently dispersing fine particles such as agricultural chemicals on agricultural land.

[0007]

As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, a fine-grained material dispersing apparatus having the following configuration is employed. That is, the fine-grained material spraying device according to claim 1 is a fine-grained material spraying device for spraying finely-grained materials such as agricultural chemicals, and includes a base and the fine-grained materials attached to the base to store the finely-grained materials. A storage unit, a spray head formed with a discharge hole that is suspended and supported from the base via a suspending means, communicates with the storage unit, and discharges fine particles flowing from the storage unit to the outside, A vibration applying means for applying vibration to the spraying head to promote release of fine particles.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the vibration of the vibration applying means is transmitted to the spray head, and the suspended and supported spray head vibrates. The fine particulate matter flowing into the spraying head is vibrated by the spraying head, so that compaction due to pressure from above is eliminated and clogging hardly occurs.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the suspension means is capable of being elastically deformed in a direction in which the dispersion head is suspended.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the vibration of the spray head is absorbed by the function of the suspending portion elastically deformable in the hanging direction as a damper, and transmission to the base is suppressed. Is done.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fine particle spraying device, wherein the spray head is provided with a flow rate restricting means for blocking a part of the fine particles flowing from the storage section.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the fine particulate matter flowing into the spray head is blocked by the flow rate restricting means to restrict the flow rate toward the discharge hole, thereby preventing the fine particulate matter from flowing from above. The compression is weakened, and the occurrence of the bridge phenomenon is suppressed.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the flow rate restricting means is formed in a convex shape in a direction opposite to an inflow direction of the fine particles.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the fine particles compacted by pressing from above are pushed from below by the convexity-shaped flow restricting means by virtue of the vibration of the spray head. It is broken and the occurrence of the bridge phenomenon is suppressed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus for spraying fine particulate matter, the spraying head is provided with a discharge amount adjusting means for changing an opening area of the discharge hole.

In the fine particle dispersing apparatus according to the fifth aspect, the discharge amount of the fine particles can be changed as required by changing the opening area of the discharge hole. In addition, it is possible to set an appropriate flow rate according to the particle size of the fine particles.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fine particle dispersing apparatus, the discharge amount adjusting means has a shielding portion which is movably supported along an outer surface of the dispersing head and blocks the discharge hole.
The shielding portion is formed with a discharge amount adjusting hole for changing a relative position with respect to the discharge hole with movement.

In the fine-grained material dispersing device according to the sixth aspect, the opening area of the discharge hole changes by moving the shielding portion and changing the relative position between the discharge hole and the discharge amount adjusting hole.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a device for dispersing fine particles having an inclined surface below the discharge holes for receiving the fine particles discharged from the discharge holes and sliding the fine particles obliquely downward. A part is provided.

In the fine particle dispersing apparatus according to the present invention, the fine particles discharged from the spray head through the discharge holes drop on the inclined surface and bounce, and are further diffused in the process of sliding down the inclined surface to be ground. To fall.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the fine particle scattering apparatus, wherein the base is provided with a mounting portion to a moving means such as a tractor.

In the fine particle dispersing device according to the present invention, the fine particles can be spread over a wide range by being attached to the moving means.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which the fine particle dispersing apparatus according to the present invention is applied to a tractor-mounted agricultural chemical dispersing apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the agricultural chemical spraying apparatus. In the drawing, reference numeral 10 denotes a frame (base), 20 denotes a storage unit for storing the pesticide, 30 denotes a spray head for spraying the pesticide flowing from the storage unit 20, and 40 denotes a suspension for suspending and supporting the spray head 30 from the frame 10. It is a holding part (suspension means).

The frame 10 includes a tractor (moving means,
Attachment (attachment part) 11 detachably attached to an attachment (not shown), upper frame 12 fixed to attachment 11, and a plurality of suspension belts 1 from upper frame 12.
3 and a lower frame 14 suspended and supported.

The attachment 11 is fixed to a multipurpose mounting bar (not shown) provided at the front of the tractor with bolts and nuts as described later.

The upper frame 12 is formed by bending a steel pipe having a circular cross section so as to form a rectangle. Two upper bars 11a extending from the attachment 11 have their longitudinal directions directed in the vehicle width direction of the tractor. Fixed.

The lower frame 14 is formed by combining two long and short steel pipes each having a rectangular cross section to form a rectangle.
Just below the upper frame 12, it is arranged in the vehicle width direction of the tractor similarly to the upper frame 12, and is suspended at four corners by a suspension belt 13.

The storage section 20 is made of a vinyl sheet suspended from the upper frame 12 so as to surround the upper frame 12 and the lower frame 14, and the width in the vertical direction is formed wider than the interval between the two frames. The opening 21 at the lower end is fitted into the inside of the lower frame 14 so as to protrude further downward. Further, a lid 22 made of a vinyl sheet is attached to the upper part of the storage part 20 so as to cover the outside of the upper frame 12.

The spraying head 30 has an inflow port 31 having the same shape as the lower frame 14, and a groove 32 extending in the vehicle width direction of the tractor is formed inside the inflow port 31. It is arranged in parallel with the frame 14 located immediately below, and is suspended and supported from the lower frame 14 via a plurality of suspension portions 40.

FIG. 2 to FIG.
0 is a sectional view of the tractor viewed from the axle direction. The opening 21 at the lower end of the storage unit 20 is inserted into the inflow port 31, and both are in communication with each other, so that the pesticide stored in the storage unit 20 flows into the spray head 30.

As shown in FIG. 2, the bottom of the spraying head 30 is formed in a V-shaped cross section, and a discharge hole 33 for discharging the pesticide flowing from the storage section 20 is provided at the tip of the bottom. Have been. A plurality of discharge holes 33 are formed at regular intervals in the vehicle width direction of the tractor, and the pesticides that have flowed into the spray head 30 are simultaneously discharged from the discharge holes 33.

The spraying head 30 is provided with a discharge amount adjusting mechanism (release amount adjusting means) 34 which functions as a shutter for the discharge hole 33 and changes the opening area of the discharge hole 33 to adjust the discharge amount of the pesticide. ing. Emission control mechanism 3
Reference numeral 4 denotes a shielding plate (shielding portion) 35 extending in the vehicle width direction of the tractor and having a V-shaped cross section as viewed from the axle direction, the cross section of which is the same as the bottom of the spray head 30. The shielding plate 35 is arranged so as to be in close contact with the bottom of the spraying head 30 from below and block each of the discharge holes 33.

Each of the shielding plates 35 is provided with a rail portion 36 which is bent outward at the upper edge of the tractor which is separated in the vehicle length direction. The shielding plate 35 is connected to these rails 3
6 is a hook-shaped guide portion 37 suspended from the spraying head 30.
The tractor is supported so as to be movable in the vehicle width direction.

Also, the relative position between the shielding plate 35 and the discharge hole 33 is changed with the movement in the vehicle width direction so that the discharge hole 33 is moved.
A discharge amount adjusting hole 38 for changing the opening area of the hole is formed. A plurality of discharge amount adjustment holes 38 are formed at regular intervals in the vehicle width direction of the tractor, similarly to the discharge holes 33.

FIG. 5 is a view showing the shapes of the discharge holes 33 and the discharge amount adjusting holes 38. As shown in FIG. When the spraying head 30 is viewed from below, the discharge hole 33 is formed in a pentagon having a region A in which the opening width 1 in the vehicle length direction gradually narrows toward one side in the vehicle width direction. In addition, the release amount adjusting hole 38 is
4 of a size that allows the discharge hole 33 to be completely exposed
It is formed in a square shape. The release amount adjusting hole 38 is provided in the shielding plate 5.
3, the position relative to the discharge hole 33 is changed, and the range is set steplessly between a position where the discharge hole 33 is completely exposed and a position where the discharge hole 33 is completely covered. I have.

The hanging portion 40 is composed of a hook portion 41 fixed to the stay 15 on the lower frame 14 side, and an elastic deformation portion 42 fixed to the stay 39 on the spraying head 30 side and hooked on the hook portion 41. ing. Hook part 41
Are arranged with the distal end 41a bent in a hook shape downward and the base end 41b formed in a bolt shape upward.
The other end 41b is inserted through the hole formed in the nut 5, and the stay 15 is fixed so as to sandwich the stay 15 from above and below with a nut 41c screwed.

The elastic deformation portion 42 includes a rod portion 43 erected on the stay 39, two disks 44 and 45 having holes formed in the center thereof inserted through the rod portion 43, and a rod portion 4.
3 and interposed between the disks 44 and 45,
A coil spring (elastic body) 46 for urging the members 4 and 45 away from each other, and an inverted U-shaped hook which is fixed to the lower disk 45 so as to straddle the rod portion 43 and hooked on the hook portion 41 A part 47 is provided.

The rod portion 43 has a bolt shape as a whole. The lower end 43a is inserted into a hole formed in the stay 39, and is fixed so as to sandwich the stay 39 from above and below with a nut 43b screwed. The discs 44 and 45 are inserted through a rod portion 43 protruding upward from the stay 39, and a nut 43c screwed above the upper disc 44.
The nut 43d screwed below the lower disk 45 prevents the rod from being detached from the rod portion.

The discs 44 and 45 are urged by the coil spring 46 so as to be separated vertically along the rod portion 43, and are kept in contact with the nuts 43c and 43d, respectively. When the hook portion 47 is pulled upward, the coil spring 46 is elastically deformed (compressed) in the hanging direction. Each of the elastic deformation portions 42 includes a hook portion 47 and a hook portion 41.
Spray head 3 on the coil spring 46
0 and other loads equal to the weight are shared.

The inside of the spray head 30 is provided with a storage section 20.
A flow restricting section (flow restricting means) 50 for blocking a part of the pesticide flowing from the water is provided detachably. The flow restricting portion 50 includes a flow straightening plate 5 that extends in the vehicle width direction of the tractor and is bent so that the cross section viewed from the axle direction becomes an inverted V-shape.
1 and a partition plate 53 fixed vertically below the current plate 51 via a back plate 52.

FIG. 6 shows the spray head 30 of the flow restricting unit 50.
It is a perspective view which shows the mounting structure to a camera. The partition plate 53 is divided at several places, and a guide shaft 54 extends from the back plate 52 between the partition plates 53. The flow rate restricting section 50 is attached by inserting the guide shaft 54 into a small hole 56 formed in the pedestal 55 inside the spray head 30 and supporting the back plate 52 from below with the pedestal 55. By the way, pedestal 5
Reference numeral 5 designates a connecting stay 57 provided between both inner walls of the tractor which are separated in the vehicle length direction, and a seat plate 58 fixed to the connecting stay 57. A hole 56 is formed.

In the lower part of the spray head 30, a discharge hole 33 is provided.
Plate (diffusion unit) 60 for diffusing pesticides released from
Is provided. The diffusion plate 60 extends in the vehicle width direction of the tractor, and is arranged so that a diffusion surface (inclined surface) 61 facing forward in the traveling direction of the tractor is inclined obliquely upward.

As shown in FIG. 3, the spraying head 30 is provided with a vibration applying mechanism (vibration applying means) 70 for applying vibration to the spraying head 30 to promote the release of the pesticide. The vibration applying mechanism 70 includes a driving motor 71 and a driving motor 71.
And an unbalanced weight 72 fixed to the rotating shaft of. The drive motor 71 has a bracket 74 attached to a motor mounting portion 73 fixed to the outer surface of the spray head 30.
And further covered with a box-shaped cover 75 fixed to the motor mounting portion 73.

Also, as shown in FIG.
0 is provided with a shield moving mechanism (shield moving means) 80 for moving the shield 35. Shield moving mechanism 8
0 denotes a stepping motor 81, an arm 82 fixed to the shielding plate 35, and a rack 83 fixed to the arm 82.
And a pinion 84 fixed to the rotation shaft of the stepping motor 81 and engaged with the rack 83.

The stepping motor 81 is fixed to a motor mounting portion 85 fixed to the outer surface of the spraying head 30 via a bracket 86, and further covered by a box-shaped cover 87 fixed to the motor mounting portion 85. . A slit 88 that allows the movement of the arm 82 is formed in the motor mounting portion 85, and the arm 82 is provided through the slit 88. The slit 88 is provided with a rubber shielding curtain 89 for preventing foreign substances from entering the cover 87.

Further, the spray head 30 is provided with a lid 90 for closing the individual discharge holes 33 as required. The lid 90 has a strip shape, and the lower end 91 is bent in a V-shape along with the bottom of the spray head 30.
It is arranged on the discharge hole 33 from the inside of 0. A long hole 92 is formed in the cover body 90 in the longitudinal direction, and the cover 90 is locked in the long hole 92 through a locking hook 93 erected on the inner slope of the spray head 30.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which the agricultural chemical spraying device is mounted on a tractor. As shown in the drawing, the attachment 11 is fixed to a multipurpose mounting bar B provided at the front of the tractor T. Further, a windproof curtain C made of a vinyl sheet surrounding the spraying head 30 is attached to the pesticide spraying device so that the released pesticide is not unnecessarily diffused by being blown by the wind.

The pesticide spraying device configured as described above sprays the pesticide from the traveling tractor T toward the ground. In the spraying device, the drive motor 7 is used.
1 rotates the unbalanced weight 72 to generate vibration, which is transmitted to the spray head 30 and the spray head 30 itself vibrates. The pesticide stored in the storage unit 20 and flowing into the spray head 30 is released from the discharge hole 33 without being clogged by compaction due to pressure from above due to the vibration of the spray head 30. The drive motor 71 is operated by an operation unit (not shown) provided near the driver's seat of the tractor T.

By the way, the vibration generated in the spraying head 30 is absorbed by the suspending portion 40 which can be elastically deformed in the suspending direction exerting the function as a damper.
4 is blocked.

The flow of the pesticide flowing into the spray head 30 is blocked by the flow regulating plate 51 and the flow rate toward the discharge hole 33 is restricted, so that the pressure from above is weakened and the occurrence of the bridge phenomenon is suppressed. You.

Further, a straightening plate 51 formed in an inverted V-shape.
The tip of the crushes the compaction caused by pressure from above from below, thereby suppressing the occurrence of the bridging phenomenon of the pesticide inside the spray head 30.

The amount of the pesticide released from the release hole 33 is adjusted according to a change in the relative position between the release hole 33 and the release amount adjusting hole 38. When adjusting the discharge amount, the stepping motor 81 is operated according to an instruction from the operation unit to rotate the pinion 84, and the rotation of the pinion 84 is controlled by the rack 83.
Is converted into a movement amount in the linear direction, the shielding plate 35 is moved via the arm 82, and the emission amount adjusting hole 3 is
8 is performed by changing the position.

The pesticide discharged to the outside of the spray head 30 through the discharge hole 33 and the discharge amount adjusting hole 38 falls on the diffusion plate 60 and bounces, and is further diffused in the process of sliding down the diffusion surface 61 and falls to the ground. I do.

When it is desired to further reduce the release amount of the pesticide, some of the release holes 33 are closed by the lid 90 before the pesticide is stored in the storage section 20, and the number of the release holes 33 is reduced.

As described above, according to the pesticide spraying device configured as described above, vibration is applied to the spraying head 30 to prevent clogging of the pesticide, and to appropriately control the particle size of the pesticide. By setting the flow rate, pesticides can be efficiently sprayed on farmland.

[0056]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by vibrating the spray head by the vibration applying means, the fine granular material flowing into the spray head is tightened by pressing from above. Since the hardening is eliminated and clogging hardly occurs, the fine particulate matter is stably discharged from the discharge hole without any delay. Thereby, fine particulate matter can be uniformly and efficiently sprayed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the vibration of the spray head is absorbed by the suspending portion elastically deformable in the suspending direction functioning as a damper, and transmission to the base is achieved. Since the vibration is suppressed, unnecessary vibration transmission can be eliminated, and the loss of power required for driving the vibration applying means can be suppressed low.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the flow rate of the fine particulate matter flowing into the spray head is restricted by the flow restricting means, so that the flow rate toward the discharge hole is restricted. Since the occurrence of the bridging phenomenon is suppressed by being weakened, the fine particulate matter is stably discharged from the discharge hole without interruption. Thereby, fine particulate matter can be uniformly and efficiently sprayed.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the convexity-shaped flow restricting means breaks down compaction caused by pressure from above, thereby causing a bridging phenomenon of the fine particles in the spraying head. Is suppressed, so that fine particulate matter is stably discharged from the discharge hole without any delay. Thereby, fine particulate matter can be uniformly and efficiently sprayed.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, by changing the opening area of the discharge hole, the discharge amount of the fine particles can be changed as required and the particle size of the fine particles can be adjusted. To set an appropriate release amount.

According to the fine particle dispersing device of the sixth aspect, the opening area of the discharge hole is increased or decreased by moving the shielding portion to change the relative position between the discharge hole and the discharge amount adjusting hole. This makes it possible to change the release amount of the fine particles as needed, and to set an appropriate release amount according to the particle diameter of the fine particles.

According to the fine particle dispersing device according to the seventh aspect, the fine particles discharged from the spray head through the discharge holes drop onto the diffusion portion, bounce, and are further diffused in a process of sliding down the inclined surface. Therefore, fine particles can be more uniformly dispersed.

According to the fine particle dispersing device of the eighth aspect, the fine particle dispersing device can be spread over a wide range by being mounted on a moving means such as a tractor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment in which a fine particulate matter spraying device according to the present invention is applied to a tractor-mounted agricultural chemical spraying device.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part showing shapes of a discharge hole and a discharge amount control hole.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing an attachment structure of a flow rate restriction unit.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which the agricultural chemical spraying device is mounted on a tractor.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing an example of a conventional tractor-mounted agricultural chemical spraying device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Frame 11 Attachment 20 Storage part 30 Spray head 33 Emission hole 34 Emission amount adjustment mechanism 35 Shielding plate 38 Emission amount adjustment hole 40 Hanging part 46 Coil spring 50 Flow rate restriction part 60 Diffusion plate 61 Diffusion surface 70 Vibration addition mechanism 80 Shield plate movement Mechanism T tractor

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A fine particle dispersing device for dispersing fine particles such as agricultural chemicals, comprising: a base; a storage unit attached to the base for storing the fine particles; A spray head, which is suspended and supported via holding means, communicates with the storage section, and has a discharge hole formed therein for discharging the fine particles flowing from the storage section to the outside; And a vibration applying means for urging the release of the particulate matter. 2. The fine particle dispersing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said suspending means is elastically deformable in a suspension supporting direction of said dispersing head. 3. The fine particle dispersing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the spray head is provided with a flow rate restricting means for blocking a part of the fine particles flowing from the storage section. . 4. The fine particle dispersing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the flow rate restricting means is formed in a convex shape in a direction opposite to an inflow direction of the fine particles. 5. An apparatus for spraying fine particulate matter according to claim 1, wherein said spraying head is provided with a discharge amount adjusting means for changing an opening area of said discharge hole. 6. The discharge amount adjusting means has a shield portion movably supported along an outer surface of the spray head and blocking the discharge hole. 6. The fine particle dispersing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a discharge amount adjusting hole for changing a relative position is formed. 7. A diffusing portion is provided below the discharge hole, the diffuser having an inclined surface for receiving the fine particles discharged from the discharge hole and sliding down the fine particles obliquely downward. The apparatus for spraying fine particulate matter according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. 8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the base is provided with a mounting portion to a moving means such as a tractor.
The apparatus for dispersing fine particulate matter according to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7.