JP2001146659A - Woven or knitted fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dispose on a woven fabric a symbol not deteriorating the design of the woven fabric, when the symbol such as ID is imparted to the woven fabric. SOLUTION: The bar code pattern of a woven fabric in which the bar code pattern is formed from cyano group-having yarns 1 and cyano group-free yarns 2 can be recognized in response to the irradiation quantity of infrared light. When two kinds of the above yarns have the same color and the same diameter, the bar code pattern can not be recognized, and the design of the woven fabric is thereby not be deteriorated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a woven or knitted fabric made of a woven or knitted fabric, and more particularly to a woven or knitted fabric with a symbol on which a symbol that can be identified without visual recognition is formed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In uniform rental and linen supply, it is possible to streamline operations, for example, optimize the frequency of cleaning by leaving a history of use of individual commodities (woven and woven fabric), thereby achieving cost reduction. Each product is collected from the user, collectively cleaned at the center, appropriately returned, and then returned to the user. In order to prevent misunderstanding and perform individual management of products, it is desirable to attach an ID (self-authentication) such as a barcode to each product.

However, since the washing of the woven fabric is repeated, for example, the ID of a normal bar code printed is weakened and uncertain, which causes a mistake.

[0004] In order to solve this problem, there is a woven fabric in which symbols and numerals are sewn with a sewing machine using threads of a different color from the ground. The woven fabric thus produced has high durability because information is written with threads instead of printing ink. Symbols sewn into the woven fabric, especially barcodes, are effective means for reliably transmitting information.

On the other hand, in the case of a conventional barcode obtained by sewing on a woven cloth, reading is performed based on a difference in reflectance of visible light. Specifically, since a color different from the ground color is used as the color of the thread for producing the symbol, the symbol is conspicuous and a problem arises in that the design is impaired. Also, if a symbol is attached inside the product, it is necessary to directly shine light on the symbol to perform optical reading.For example, if the product is hit and the symbol is hidden inside, Can not.

[0006]

As described above, when a symbol such as an ID is conventionally given to a woven fabric, there has been a problem that the design must be sacrificed.

[0007] The present invention, without impairing the design,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a woven fabric capable of giving an inconspicuous symbol.

[0008]

A symbol formed from a first yarn and a second yarn, at least one of which contains a resin having a cyano group, is provided, wherein the first yarn and the second yarn are A woven or knitted fabric characterized in that the content of the resin having a cyano group is different, and the thickness of the second yarn is in the range of 1/3 to 3 times that of the first yarn.

A resin having a cyano group has a different infrared light absorption rate than a resin having no cyano group and the like, and therefore, radiated infrared light upon irradiation with infrared light is different from each other.

The present invention makes it possible to identify a symbol by radiated infrared light by creating a symbol using at least two types of yarns of different resins containing a cyano group by utilizing such characteristics. . Therefore, a mark that is inconspicuous with visible light but easy to identify with infrared light can be formed,
The woven fabric can be identified without deteriorating the design of the woven fabric.

Furthermore, it is important that the thickness of the second yarn with respect to the first yarn is within the range of 1/3 to 3 times. , It is possible to reduce a change in infrared absorption / radiation characteristics due to the difference between the symbols, and it is possible to more accurately identify a symbol by infrared light.

In addition, since the physical properties of the yarn itself are used, unlike a printed symbol, problems such as peeling of the symbol are reduced.

As the symbol, a bar code or the like can be specifically used. For example, in comparison with a bar code in which a black line is formed on a white background which is normally used, a position corresponding to a white background is a first thread, and a position (symbol) corresponding to a black line is a second thread. It is a woven fabric that forms a woven symbol, or vice versa.

In order to make the symbols formed from the first and second threads visually inconspicuous, it is preferable to use threads of substantially the same color, respectively.

Both the first and second yarns may contain a resin having a cyano group, but in order to increase the ratio of radiated infrared light, either Preferably does not contain a resin having a cyano group.

It is preferable that a plurality of marks of a predetermined shape are formed at regular intervals in the arrangement direction of the bar of the bar code, for example. Unlike paper and the like, woven fabric tends to have undulations and wrinkles on its surface, which tends to cause bar code reading errors. By forming the mark and reading the mark information at the same time as the symbol information, it is possible to grasp information such as wrinkles and undulations, and to correct the symbol information so that more accurate symbol information can be read.

In another woven or knitted fabric of the present invention, a symbol formed from first and second yarns having different infrared emissivity is provided, and a second yarn is provided for the first yarn. The thickness of 1 /
It is characterized by being in the range of 3 to 3 times.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As a resin having a cyano group according to the present invention, for example, polyacrylonitrile or acrylonitrile copolymer such as acrylic fiber can be used.

The yarn containing a resin having a cyano group may be formed by forming such a resin into a fibrous form, or by twisting the fibers as necessary to form a yarn made of a resin having a cyano group. be able to. Further, a yarn obtained by twisting a fiber made of a resin having a cyano group and a fiber having no cyano group can also be used.

According to the present invention, as described above,
Alternatively, a symbol that is difficult to visually recognize is formed on a woven fabric, and the symbol can be recognized by detecting radiation when the symbol is irradiated with infrared light.

In order to form a symbol which is difficult to visually recognize on a woven fabric, the yarn forming the ground and the yarn forming the symbol portion are made to have the same color, and unevenness corresponding to the symbol is not displayed on the woven fabric surface. It is important to have a uniform surface shape.

The thickness of the yarn is one of the factors that determine the surface shape.

FIG. 1A is a view for explaining a surface state of a woven fabric with a symbol according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1B is a plan view thereof, and FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, when a woven cloth composed of a symbol portion and a ground is formed, for example, in the ground portion, both the weft (vertical yarn) and the warp (horizontal yarn) are the first. Thread 1
A uniform flat cloth is woven by using a second yarn 2 having a thickness of 1 to 3 times as large as the first yarn 1 as the weft and a first yarn as the warp in the symbol portion. 1 is woven.

For example, if the yarn containing a cyano group is thin,
The portion woven with this yarn forms a concave portion (the ground in FIG. 1), and the yarn not containing a cyano group forms a convex portion (the symbol portion in FIG. 1).

When the thickness of the second yarn 2 exceeds three times the thickness of the first yarn 1, the step formed by the concave and convex portions becomes large and is visually recognized.

When such a woven fabric is heated from the surface, the convex portions are selectively and strongly heated, so that the amount of radiation from the concave portions (yarn containing a cyano group) and the convex portions (yarn containing a cyano group) are increased. There is a possibility that the S / N ratio of the amount of radiation from the non-threaded yarn) becomes small.

That is, by making the thickness of the yarn forming the symbol portion and the thickness of the yarn forming the ground approximately the same, the level difference separating the ground portion and the symbol portion is reduced. Further, since the difference in the convex portion due to the difference in the width of the convex portion can be reduced, it is difficult to visually recognize the symbol, and the detection limit of the detected symbol can be further improved.

Specifically, the thickness of the fibers forming the label is preferably about 1/3 to 3 times, more preferably about 1/2 to 2 times the thickness of the fibers forming the symbol. .

Further, as a factor affecting the visibility, there is color. For example, when the chromaticity is represented by L * a * b * in a sign system, the difference ΔL *, Δ
It is desirable that a * and Δb * are similar colors of 9 or less, 7 or less, and 27 or less, respectively. Further, it is desirable that the colors are substantially the same.

Another factor that affects the visibility of the symbol is the luster of the yarn. Gloss has five definitions: specular gloss, scene, contrast gloss, gloss without bloom, and gloss gloss. For low gloss surfaces such as yarn, the relative gloss (ratio of reflectance between the specular reflection area and other reflection areas) is defined. Used. By matching the contrast gloss, the symbol can be made transparent. As a guide, it is desirable to measure the reflectance and lightness with respect to white light with a colorimeter, and to make the difference in lightness between the two types of yarn 1 or less.

Further, a knitted fabric forming a symbol may be used. Specifically, a vertical knitted fabric or a horizontal knitted fabric can be used. Symbols may be formed by embroidery on a plain weave or twill weave structure.

Next, a reading device for reading symbols formed on a woven fabric will be described.

While a general optical reader irradiates a sample with visible light and detects reflected light, the technique of the inventors heats the sample and emits infrared light (radiation light) emitted from the sample.
Is detected. In order to obtain infrared emission from a sample, it is necessary to excite the molecular state of the sample. Light or heat can be used for the excitation, and a heater heated by contact, such as a hot stage, a thermal head, a thermal bar,
It is desirable to use a hot stamp, a hot air heater heated by hot air, a solder melting device, or a light source heated by a wide range of infrared light, such as a halogen lamp, as the heating device. If the surroundings are heated more than necessary when heating the sample, thermal noise is caused and the S / N ratio deteriorates.

As for the method of heating the sample, it is desirable to change not only the ultimate temperature but also how to change the temperature according to the sample so as to improve the contrast of pattern reading.
Unnecessarily raising the temperature of the sample may damage the sample. Therefore, it is desirable to heat the vicinity of the surface of the woven fabric on which the symbol is produced by contact.

It is preferable that the stage for holding the sample has a mechanism capable of radiating and cooling the heat so as to prevent the sample from being excessively heated. For example, if the cloth label is kept at a constant temperature on a hot stage with temperature adjustment, heat will be diffused between the yarn forming the symbol and the ground. Also increases the thermoluminescence. As a result, the contrast between the signal and the background is reduced.

It is desirable to perform reading in the process of changing the temperature after heating by separating the sample from the heat source. As a means for separating the sample from the heat source, it is desirable to move the sample from the heating unit to the detection position. Further, it is desirable that the moving speed from the heating unit to the detection position and the transport speed at the time of reading at the detection position can be set independently.

When a thermal head or a thermal bar is used as the heating means, for example, the heating state of the sample changes depending not only on the surface temperature of these heating tools but also on the contact time. The surface temperature is adjusted by the current supplied to the heating tool, but the contact time is determined by the transport speed when moving the heating position, so the transport speed during heating is also independent in addition to the two transport speeds described above. It is desirable to be able to adjust.

In order to detect infrared light emitted from a sample by distinguishing it from ambient thermal noise, there is phase detection by wavelength selection and modulation. There are several methods for selecting a wavelength, such as a grating and a filter, but it is also desirable to select a wavelength effectively using a detector having a steep sensitivity curve, for example, MCT (mercury cadmium tellurium). By providing an optical stop at an appropriate position on the optical axis, it is possible to reduce light emission (another wavelength) from the background, and it is possible to further improve the contrast.

It is expected that a regular signal will be obtained from the infrared emission measured for each portion of the sample in accordance with the rules of the symbol. Since the device function is combined with the actually measured result and the thermal noise influences it, it is desirable to process the measured result as data. Unlike a card-type sample that can be transported at a constant speed, reading a woven fabric is likely to read a signal by manually sweeping a hand-held reader. In addition to using the regularity of symbols, weave predetermined marks at regular intervals in the woven cloth and use them as a standard for reading speed, or as correction data for detection results as data on the surface state of the woven cloth You can also.

The woven fabric of the present invention can be used as a label, and the label can be sewn to another woven fabric. When the woven fabric on which the label is to be sewn is woven with a thread containing a cyano group, it is desirable that the base of the label be woven with a thread containing a cyano group and the symbol portion be woven with a thread not containing a cyano group.

By doing so, it is possible to recognize the product and manage the product without impairing the design of the woven or knitted fabric. In addition, it can be used not only for product management but also for discriminating an improperly created folded knitted fabric product, etc., which is useful for preventing forged products.

[0043]

Example 1 Acrylic filaments having a thickness of 150 denier, white and matte acrylic single yarn (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., trade name: PULON DALQUINUVIA color No. 9) were used as the resin having a cyano group.
54), the two acrylic single yarns were twisted to prepare a 300-denier-thick yarn containing a cyano group (double yarn).

Polyester filaments were used as a resin having no cyano group, and a 90-denier, white, matte polyester single yarn (manufactured by ICI: Melinex, Darquinubia, color number 954) was used. Two of these polyester single yarns were twisted to prepare a 180-denier-thick cyano-free yarn.

A woven fabric with a symbol was prepared from the two kinds of prepared yarns.

The symbol created here is a one-dimensional barcode (code: ITF, basic width: 600 μm, 5 characters + check digit, pattern: 010115)
The ground is woven with a yarn containing no cyano group, and the bar portion is woven with a yarn containing a cyano group. FIG. 2 shows the woven fabric provided with the barcode.

The symbols formed on the woven fabric could hardly be visually confirmed.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a symbol evaluation device. The woven fabric obtained in Example 1 was measured using this evaluation device. The arrows in the figure indicate the flow of the detection light, and the dotted lines indicate the flow of the data.

The evaluation apparatus includes an optical chopper 301 and a calcium fluoride lens 302 (diameter: 25 mm, focal length:
50 mm), pan-pass infrared filter 303 (manufactured by Topcon, center wavelength: 4.5 μm), MCT detector 304
(Maximum sensitivity wavelength: 4.5 μm, 1 mm square, used at −200 ° C. with liquid nitrogen cooling), and a bias power supply 305. The distance between the lens 302 and the detector 304 was set to 2.5 times (2.5 times the magnification) the distance between the lens and the sample.

Guide light (wavelength: 6) for adjusting the optical axis
Since the focal position of the semiconductor laser (40 nm) is shifted from the focal position of the thermal emission, the final adjustment was performed while adjusting the in-plane position of the optical axis with the guide light while checking the output from the MCT detector 304 with an oscilloscope. When the signal strength is large, the wavelength selection is performed effectively by inserting an optical stop on the optical axis to reduce another wavelength component, in which case the bandpass infrared filter 303 was not used. .

The output from the MCT detector is supplied to the preamplifier 30.
After amplification by 100 times in step 6, the signal was phase-detected by the lock-in amplifier 307 and amplified. After observing the signal with an oscilloscope triggered by the output from the optical chopper 301, the signal was input to the AD conversion board 309 of the personal computer 308. A woven cloth as a sample was held on the pulse stage 310 with a fixture, and was placed so that the sample coincided with the focal position of the reading device. A target 311 was used for alignment between the sample and the optical axis. Bar heater 312 as heating device
Was built in the holder 313 on the pulse stage. The current from the thermocouple incorporated in the holder 313 to the rod-shaped heater was adjusted by a temperature controller. The pulse stage 310 is moved at a constant speed (10 to 10) by the stage controller.
While moving the sample at 30 mm / sec), the sample was heated to 70 ° C., infrared light emission at the focal position was detected, and the file was taken into a PC as a file.

FIG. 4 shows a part of the actually measured data thus obtained. When the signal obtained from the measured data was decoded, it was converted to a correct number.

Example 2 A woven fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ground was woven with a yarn containing no cyano group and the symbol was woven with a yarn containing a cyano group.

The symbols existing on the cloth label could hardly be visually confirmed.

FIG. 5 shows the result of reading a symbol signal using the evaluation device used in the first embodiment. FIG. 4 was just inverted upside down, and decoding was performed after inverting the sign of the signal. As a result, the signal could be decoded to a correct value.

Comparative Example A woven fabric was prepared by replacing the yarn containing a cyano group with the same material as in Example 2 and having a thickness of 300 denier (twisted with two 150 denier yarns). In addition, the convex portions on the surface could be visually confirmed.

The symbol signals formed on the woven cloth were read out in the same manner as in the second embodiment, and were decoded in the same manner as in the first embodiment, but could not be decoded correctly.
This is presumably because the thread containing the cyano group was thin, and the symbol portion was not sufficiently heated as a result of the formation of the concave portion in the symbol portion. Example 3 As a yarn not containing a cyano group, a yarn having a thickness of 180 denier obtained by twisting two yarns not containing a cyano group used in Example 1 was used. A woven fabric with a symbol was made using the same 150 denier yarn.

The symbol of the third embodiment has the same one-dimensional barcode as the symbol of the first embodiment, and the same mark at regular intervals (0.5 mm width mark, 1 mm interval) above and below the barcode. It was not possible to see the symbols on the cloth label.

The detector of the reading apparatus described in the first embodiment is
The optical part was partially modified so that the symbol part and the mark part could be measured simultaneously. The cloth label sample was placed with the surface of the sample table set at a position lowered from the focal position, and the height of the table was adjusted so that the emission intensity from the cloth label became maximum. The cloth label was manually translated by sliding on the table, and the signal was read. The moving speed was adjusted to be approximately the same as in Example 1. Regarding the obtained signal, the signal from the mark part is used as the standard of time increment,
The time of the signal from the symbol part was standardized. Thereafter, when the signal was decoded in the same manner as in Example 1, the signal could be decoded to a correct value.

The woven fabric is apt to swell or expand and contract on the surface unlike paper and the like. As shown in Example 3, the same mark is provided at regular intervals on the symbol surface, and is obtained from the mark portion. By reading information on the surface state such as undulation and expansion / contraction from the information, and correcting the information obtained from the symbol part based on the information from the mark part, more accurate symbol recognition becomes possible.

[0061]

According to the present invention, visual observation is difficult, and the symbols woven on the woven fabric can be recognized by detecting infrared light or the like. Symbols can be created, which can be used as product management and forgery prevention means.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a conceptual diagram for explaining a surface shape of a woven fabric of the present invention. (B) A schematic plan view of the woven fabric shown in FIG. 1a. (C) Schematic sectional view of the woven fabric shown in FIG. 1a.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a woven fabric with a bar code used in the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a reading device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a symbol detection result according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a measurement result of a sample in which the ground and the symbol are reversed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... 1st thread 2 ... 2nd thread 301 ... Optical chopper 302 ... Calcium fluoride lens 303 ... Bandpass infrared filter 304 ... MCT detector 305 ... Bias power supply 306 ・ ・ ・ Preamplifier 307 ・ ・ ・ Lock-in amplifier 308 ・ ・ ・ PC 309 ・ ・ ・ AD conversion board 310 ・ ・ ・ Pulse stage 311 ・ ・ ・ Target 312 ・ ・ ・ Bar heater 313 ・ ・ ・ Holder

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Kenji Sano 1st address, Komukai Toshiba-cho, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa F-term in the Toshiba R & D Center (reference) 4L048 AA16 AA20 AA32 AA56 AB07 AB11 AB16 AC01 BC06 CA00 DA08

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A symbol formed from a first yarn and a second yarn, at least one of which contains a resin having a cyano group, is provided, wherein the first yarn and the second yarn have a cyano group. A woven or knitted fabric characterized in that the resin content is different and the thickness of the second yarn is in the range of 1/3 to 3 times the first yarn. 2. The woven or knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein said symbol is a bar code. 3. The woven or knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein the first yarn and the second yarn are yarns of substantially the same color. 4. A symbol formed from first and second yarns having different infrared emissivity is provided, wherein the thickness of the second yarn is 1/3 to 3 times that of the first yarn. A woven or knitted fabric characterized by being in the range.