JP2001143931A - Method for magnetizing magnetic rubber ring - Google Patents
Method for magnetizing magnetic rubber ringInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001143931A JP2001143931A JP32352999A JP32352999A JP2001143931A JP 2001143931 A JP2001143931 A JP 2001143931A JP 32352999 A JP32352999 A JP 32352999A JP 32352999 A JP32352999 A JP 32352999A JP 2001143931 A JP2001143931 A JP 2001143931A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- rubber ring
- magnetizing
- magnetic rubber
- ring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、磁力が高く円周状
に磁性バラツキの少ない磁性ゴム環の着磁方法に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for magnetizing a magnetic rubber ring having a high magnetic force and a small circumferential magnetic variation.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、磁性を有するゴム環の製造にあっ
ては、磁性粉を適量ゴム材料に混合してゴム生地を形成
し、このゴム生地を補強を兼ねた取付部材へ加硫一体化
して成形なさしめており、その着磁では、着磁ヨークの
中心に前記磁性ゴム環を同心に載置し、磁性ゴム環に密
着させてS極とN極を交互に配置して着磁せしめるなど
の作業を行なっている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in producing a rubber ring having magnetism, an appropriate amount of magnetic powder is mixed with a rubber material to form a rubber material, and this rubber material is vulcanized and integrated into a mounting member also serving as reinforcement. In the magnetization, the magnetic rubber ring is placed concentrically at the center of the magnetized yoke, and the S and N poles are alternately arranged and magnetized by closely contacting the magnetic rubber ring. Work.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うな磁性ゴム環は成形性と取扱性を考慮してその厚みが
2.0mm〜3.0mm程度の肉厚に成形される場合が
多く、また着磁においては磁性ゴム環と着磁ヨークとを
同心で正確に面接触させるのが難しいもので、ともする
と僅かなズレあるいは偏りなどによって着磁をなす着磁
ヨークに偏芯とか傾斜が発生し磁性のバラツキを起こす
ものとなり、品質の安定した磁性ゴム環を提供できない
欠点を有している。However, such magnetic rubber rings are often formed to a thickness of about 2.0 mm to 3.0 mm in consideration of moldability and handleability. In magnetizing, it is difficult to bring the magnetic rubber ring and magnetized yoke into concentric and accurate surface contact.Some deviations or deviations may cause the magnetized yoke to become eccentric or inclined. It has the drawback that it causes variations in magnetism and cannot provide a magnetic rubber ring of stable quality.
【0004】本発明はこのような欠点に鑑み、磁性ゴム
環の磁力特性を円周方向に均一にするために、磁性ゴム
環と補強体の成形厚みを比較的薄厚に設定すると共に、
圧着装置を用いて磁性ゴム環に着磁せしめる精度の高い
着磁方法を提供することを目的としている。In view of the above drawbacks, the present invention sets the molding thickness of the magnetic rubber ring and the reinforcing member to be relatively small in order to make the magnetic force characteristics of the magnetic rubber ring uniform in the circumferential direction.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly accurate magnetizing method for magnetizing a magnetic rubber ring using a crimping device.
【0005】[0005]
【課題を解決しようとする手段】本発明を図面に基づい
て説明すると、図1に示すように磁性体でなる磁性芯金
1へ合成ゴム等のゴム材料とフェライト等の磁性粉を混
合して加硫接着された磁性ゴム環2の着磁方法であっ
て、前記磁性芯金1は厚みが0.3mm〜1.5mmで
径方向部11と円筒部12とを有しており、前記磁性芯
金1の径方向部11に0.3mm〜1.5mmの厚みを
持たせて磁性ゴム環2を形成せしめ、前記円筒部12の
外周面が嵌る内径寸法を有した円環3に該円筒部12を
装着固定した後、前記円環3と同心上に配置した着磁ヨ
ーク4を図2に示すように前記磁性ゴム環2に押し当て
て着磁をなし、その後、前記円筒部12の内周をチャッ
ク5によって拡着し、引抜き移動によって着磁ヨーク4
を磁性ゴム環2から離形せしめることを特徴としてい
る。The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a rubber material such as synthetic rubber and a magnetic powder such as ferrite are mixed into a magnetic core 1 made of a magnetic material. A method of magnetizing a vulcanized magnetic rubber ring 2, wherein the magnetic core 1 has a thickness of 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm, and has a radial portion 11 and a cylindrical portion 12. The radial portion 11 of the metal core 1 is provided with a thickness of 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm to form a magnetic rubber ring 2, and the circular ring 3 having an inner diameter to which the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 12 fits is used as the cylinder. After the portion 12 is mounted and fixed, the magnetized yoke 4 arranged concentrically with the ring 3 is pressed against the magnetic rubber ring 2 as shown in FIG. The inner circumference is spread by the chuck 5 and the magnetized yoke 4
Is separated from the magnetic rubber ring 2.
【0006】また、図1に示すように前記着磁ヨーク4
の前記磁性ゴム環2に押し当てる面圧を、0.5〜20
kg/cm2に設定したことを特徴としている。Further, as shown in FIG.
Surface pressure of the magnetic rubber ring 2 of 0.5 to 20
kg / cm2.
【0007】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明は上記したように、形成し
た磁性ゴム環2へ着磁ヨーク4から磁力を付着する着磁
方法を提案しており、前記磁性ゴム環2と一体化される
磁性芯金1の円筒部12を円環3あるいはチャック5に
て掴み固定せしめて着磁ヨーク4への押し当てと離形を
正確になさしめている。このとき前記磁性芯金1の厚み
を比較的薄厚の0.3mm〜1.5mmの磁性体とし、
径方向部11と円筒部12とを有する断面略L字状に形
成して、径方向部11には0.3mm〜1.5mmの厚
みの磁性ゴム環2を一体形成せしめており、一方、前記
円筒部12には円環3あるいはチャック5によって掴み
固定をなさしめる適当な部位とせしめる。このような構
成によって着磁を果たした磁性ゴム環2は正確で高い磁
力を発揮し円周状に磁性のバラツキの少ないものとな
る。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention proposes a magnetizing method for applying a magnetic force from a magnetizing yoke 4 to a magnetic rubber ring 2 formed as described above, and is integrated with the magnetic rubber ring 2. The cylindrical portion 12 of the magnetic cored bar 1 is gripped and fixed by the ring 3 or the chuck 5 to accurately press against the magnetized yoke 4 and release. At this time, the thickness of the magnetic core 1 is a relatively thin magnetic material of 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm,
A radial rubber part 2 having a thickness of 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm is formed integrally with the radial part 11 by forming a substantially L-shaped cross section having a radial part 11 and a cylindrical part 12. The cylindrical portion 12 is an appropriate portion to be gripped and fixed by the ring 3 or the chuck 5. With this configuration, the magnetic rubber ring 2 that has been magnetized exhibits an accurate and high magnetic force, and has less circumferential magnetic variation.
【0008】[0008]
【実施例】本発明の実施にあって、その着磁において
は、図1で示すように磁性芯金1の円筒部12の外周面
を円環3に嵌め込み固定せしめて前記円環3と同心にな
るよう位置決めし、該円環2と同心上に配置した着磁ヨ
ーク4を磁性ゴム環2上に移動させ、0.5〜20kg
/cm2の面圧をもって押し当てる。ここで着磁ヨーク
4と磁性ゴム環2が接触し、磁性ゴム環2の裏面の磁性
体でなる円筒部12を通して円環3に押付けられた状態
で着磁ヨーク4に電流を流し、それによって生じた磁力
線により磁性ゴム環2は正確に着磁がなされる。ここで
は磁性芯金1が磁性体からなることと磁性ゴム環2を
0.3mm〜1.5mmの厚みに形成したことにより、
図2に示すように通電によってはっきりとした磁力線が
流れるものとなり、該磁性ゴム環2へ強い磁力が着くも
のとなる。この着磁の後、着磁ヨーク4へ磁気密着した
磁性ゴム環2を前記円筒部12の内周側にチャック5を
装着し拡着して引抜き互いを分離せしめる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the embodiment of the present invention, in the magnetization, as shown in FIG. 1, the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical portion 12 of a magnetic cored bar 1 is fitted and fixed in a ring 3 so as to be concentric with the ring 3. And the magnetized yoke 4 arranged concentrically with the ring 2 is moved onto the magnetic rubber ring 2 so as to be 0.5 to 20 kg.
/ Cm2 with a contact pressure. Here, the magnetized yoke 4 and the magnetic rubber ring 2 come into contact with each other, and a current flows through the magnetized yoke 4 in a state where the magnetized yoke 4 is pressed against the ring 3 through the cylindrical portion 12 made of a magnetic material on the back surface of the magnetic rubber ring 2. The magnetic rubber ring 2 is accurately magnetized by the generated magnetic force lines. Here, since the magnetic core 1 is made of a magnetic material and the magnetic rubber ring 2 is formed to have a thickness of 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm,
As shown in FIG. 2, a clear line of magnetic force flows due to energization, and a strong magnetic force is applied to the magnetic rubber ring 2. After the magnetization, the magnetic rubber ring 2 magnetically adhered to the magnetization yoke 4 is attached to the inner peripheral side of the cylindrical portion 12 with the chuck 5 spread, pulled out, and separated from each other.
【0009】ここでの円筒部12はシャフトなどへの取
付部材(図示していない)との圧入部として形成される
もので、高い精度をもって形成されているので、この円
筒部12を基準面として着磁、取出しをなせば該部分以
外の全ての部分の精度が向上するものとなる。前記した
着磁ヨーク4にあっては、円環3と同心に設置すること
を必須の構成としているが、その着磁面が平滑で前記磁
性ゴム環2の表面と軸方向にぴったり重なり合うよう配
置することも肝要で、そのために磁性ゴム環2上を着磁
ヨーク4で面圧0.5〜20kg/cm2で押し当てる
必要がある。この面圧が小さいと、傾き、逆に大きいと
ゴムの変形が過大となり着磁がバラツク傾向を見せる。
また、磁性芯金1を掴むチャック5においては、3本の
爪がそれぞれ拡がって円筒部12の内周部を掴む構造が
偏芯も少なく簡単で確実な着脱を可能とするが、さらな
る確実性を望めば、例えば4本、5本、6本等の多爪構
造を採用することもできる。The cylindrical portion 12 is formed as a press-fit portion with a member (not shown) for attachment to a shaft or the like, and is formed with high precision. If the magnetization and the take-out are performed, the accuracy of all parts other than the part is improved. The magnetized yoke 4 is required to be installed concentrically with the ring 3, but the magnetized yoke 4 is arranged so that its magnetized surface is smooth and exactly overlaps the surface of the magnetic rubber ring 2 in the axial direction. It is also important to press the magnetic rubber ring 2 with the magnetized yoke 4 at a surface pressure of 0.5 to 20 kg / cm 2. If the surface pressure is small, the inclination is increased. Conversely, if the surface pressure is large, the rubber is excessively deformed and the magnetization tends to vary.
Further, in the chuck 5 for gripping the magnetic core 1, the structure in which the three claws are expanded to grip the inner peripheral portion of the cylindrical portion 12 has a small eccentricity and enables simple and reliable attachment and detachment. If desired, for example, a multi-claw structure of four, five, six, etc. can be adopted.
【0010】[0010]
【発明の効果】本発明によると、磁性ゴム環2の磁力特
性を円周方向に均一にするために、磁性ゴム環2の成形
厚みと磁性芯金1の厚みとを設定すると共に、同心が保
たれる圧着装置を用いてバラツキの少ない着磁をなさし
めたものであり、前記磁性芯金1と磁性ゴム環2は共に
0.3mm〜1.5mmの厚みに設定したことで、着磁
時の磁力線が磁性ゴム環2を通過後、磁性芯金1を通じ
て強力に流れるものとなり、よって磁性ゴム環2へ強い
磁力を付与できるものとなった。According to the present invention, in order to make the magnetic force characteristics of the magnetic rubber ring 2 uniform in the circumferential direction, the molding thickness of the magnetic rubber ring 2 and the thickness of the magnetic core 1 are set and the concentricity is maintained. The magnetic core 1 and the magnetic rubber ring 2 are both set to have a thickness of 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm by using a crimping device that is maintained, and the magnetization is reduced. After the magnetic lines of force pass through the magnetic rubber ring 2, they flow strongly through the magnetic core 1, and thus a strong magnetic force can be applied to the magnetic rubber ring 2.
【図1】本発明の着磁状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a magnetized state of the present invention.
【図2】本発明の着磁状態を判りやすく示した拡大断面
図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing a magnetized state of the present invention in an easily understandable manner.
1 磁性芯金 2 磁性ゴム環 11 径方向部 12 円筒部 3 円環 4 着磁ヨーク 5 チャック DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Magnetic core metal 2 Magnetic rubber ring 11 Radial part 12 Cylindrical part 3 Ring 4 Magnetization yoke 5 Chuck
Claims (2)
料と磁性粉を混合して加硫接着された磁性ゴム環の着磁
方法であって、前記磁性芯金は厚みが0.3mm〜1.
5mmで径方向部と円筒部とを有しており、前記磁性芯
金の径方向部に厚みが0.3mm〜1.5mmの磁性ゴ
ム環を形成せしめ、前記円筒部の外周面が嵌る内径寸法
を有した磁性材製の円環に該円筒部を装着固定した後、
前記円環と同心上に配置した着磁ヨークを前記磁性ゴム
環に押し当てて着磁をなし、その後、前記円筒部の内周
側をチャックによって拡着し、引抜き移動によって着磁
ヨークを磁性ゴム環から離形せしめることを特徴とした
磁性ゴム環の着磁方法。1. A method of magnetizing a magnetic rubber ring comprising a rubber material and a magnetic powder mixed with a reinforcing magnetic core made of a magnetic material and vulcanized and adhered thereto, wherein the magnetic core has a thickness of 0.1 mm. 3 mm to 1.
5 mm having a radial portion and a cylindrical portion, a magnetic rubber ring having a thickness of 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm is formed in the radial portion of the magnetic core, and an inner diameter on which the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion fits After attaching and fixing the cylindrical portion to a magnetic material ring having dimensions,
The magnetized yoke arranged concentrically with the ring is pressed against the magnetic rubber ring to perform magnetization, and then the inner peripheral side of the cylindrical portion is spread by a chuck, and the magnetized yoke is magnetized by pulling-out movement. A method for magnetizing a magnetic rubber ring, characterized in that it is separated from the rubber ring.
当てる面圧は0.5〜20kg/cm2であることを特
徴とした請求項1記載の磁性ゴム環の着磁方法。2. The method for magnetizing a magnetic rubber ring according to claim 1, wherein a surface pressure of said magnetizing yoke against said magnetic rubber ring is 0.5 to 20 kg / cm 2.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP32352999A JP4498506B2 (en) | 1999-11-15 | 1999-11-15 | Magnetic rubber ring magnetizing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP32352999A JP4498506B2 (en) | 1999-11-15 | 1999-11-15 | Magnetic rubber ring magnetizing method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2001143931A true JP2001143931A (en) | 2001-05-25 |
JP4498506B2 JP4498506B2 (en) | 2010-07-07 |
Family
ID=18155724
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP32352999A Expired - Lifetime JP4498506B2 (en) | 1999-11-15 | 1999-11-15 | Magnetic rubber ring magnetizing method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP4498506B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003037009A (en) * | 2001-07-24 | 2003-02-07 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Method for magnetizing magnetized pulser |
JP2003077725A (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2003-03-14 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing pulser ring |
JP2003077724A (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2003-03-14 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing pulser ring |
US6689297B1 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2004-02-10 | Uchiyama Manufacturing Corp. | Method of manufacturing magnetic rubber ring |
JP2006049794A (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2006-02-16 | Uchiyama Mfg Corp | Method and equipment for polarizing tone wheel |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60206114A (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1985-10-17 | Nippon Radiator Co Ltd | Magnetizing method for magnet |
JPS6344412U (en) * | 1986-09-10 | 1988-03-25 | ||
JPH0651874U (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1994-07-15 | 日本精工株式会社 | Rolling bearing unit with seal ring for rotation speed detection |
JPH1140423A (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-02-12 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | Multi-pole magnetizing device |
JPH11264739A (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 1999-09-28 | Yazaki Corp | Rotation detector |
JPH11281659A (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 1999-10-15 | Uchiyama Mfg Corp | Seal with tone wheel |
-
1999
- 1999-11-15 JP JP32352999A patent/JP4498506B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60206114A (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1985-10-17 | Nippon Radiator Co Ltd | Magnetizing method for magnet |
JPS6344412U (en) * | 1986-09-10 | 1988-03-25 | ||
JPH0651874U (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1994-07-15 | 日本精工株式会社 | Rolling bearing unit with seal ring for rotation speed detection |
JPH1140423A (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-02-12 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | Multi-pole magnetizing device |
JPH11264739A (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 1999-09-28 | Yazaki Corp | Rotation detector |
JPH11281659A (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 1999-10-15 | Uchiyama Mfg Corp | Seal with tone wheel |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6689297B1 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2004-02-10 | Uchiyama Manufacturing Corp. | Method of manufacturing magnetic rubber ring |
JP2003037009A (en) * | 2001-07-24 | 2003-02-07 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Method for magnetizing magnetized pulser |
JP2003077725A (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2003-03-14 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing pulser ring |
JP2003077724A (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2003-03-14 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing pulser ring |
JP2006049794A (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2006-02-16 | Uchiyama Mfg Corp | Method and equipment for polarizing tone wheel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4498506B2 (en) | 2010-07-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1130362A3 (en) | Magnetic encoder and method of manufacturing same | |
JPH0695824B2 (en) | Magnet type DC machine stator | |
JP2004053410A (en) | Magnetic encoder | |
US7049918B2 (en) | Magnetizing method and apparatus for tone wheel | |
JP2001143931A (en) | Method for magnetizing magnetic rubber ring | |
US7433487B2 (en) | Speaker | |
JPH0792806A (en) | Magnet roll | |
JP2004340771A (en) | Magnetic rubber encoder | |
JP2007329639A (en) | Speaker apparatus and method for manufacturing the same | |
JPH08317626A (en) | Cylindrical linear motor and manufacture of cylindrical linear motor | |
JP2004064834A (en) | Bond magnet | |
JP3316794B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of coaxial cylindrical torque limiter | |
JP2003004555A (en) | Magnetostrictive torque sensor and method of manufacturing the same | |
US11297431B2 (en) | Sound speaker for a vehicle | |
JP2003133134A (en) | Magnetizing device for encoder | |
JPH07152250A (en) | Magnet roll and its production | |
JP5105339B2 (en) | Magnetizing method and apparatus for tone wheel | |
JP2000305358A (en) | Magnet roller | |
CN209833229U (en) | Magnetic walking wheel | |
JPH0985852A (en) | Rubber bearing and its preparation | |
JPH0438124B2 (en) | ||
EP0974442B1 (en) | Manufacture of annular disc shaped information carriers | |
JPH0556582A (en) | Rotor of small-sized motor | |
JP2004111499A (en) | Magnet roller | |
JPH0729726A (en) | Manufacture of magnet roll |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20061108 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20090929 |
|
A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20091030 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20100406 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20100414 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130423 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4498506 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130423 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140423 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |