JP2001137321A - Building material with odor and toxic gas adsorbing function - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building material with odor and toxic gas adsorbing functions which can effectively remove an offensive smell or toxic gas in a building. SOLUTION: A building material with odor and toxic gas adsorbing function is obtained by coupling a macro-monomer containing a hydrophilic group and cationic dissociation group and/or an anionic dissociation group as a functional group having polar material adsorptivity with a substrate composed of a building member 1 formed in a sheet-like, plate-like, or another appropriate shape by graft polymerization.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building material having an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function for removing bad odors and harmful gases in a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in addition to changes in housing styles, due to dirt in the open air and the like, many people have been unable to open their windows.
For example, odors such as toilet odor, garbage odor, tobacco odor, body odor, pet odor and the like, as well as odors and harmful gases generated from indoor building materials and linings have become problems. As a means for removing such odors and harmful gases, ventilation with the outside air is most commonly performed.However, in urban areas where air pollution is severe due to the increase in automobiles and the like, air contaminated by ventilation with the outside air can enter the room. In some cases, it will enter. For this reason, odor and harmful gas adsorbing apparatuses capable of adsorbing and removing bad odors and harmful gases in the room have been developed and used.

[0003]

However, most of the odor and harmful gas adsorbers conventionally used generally utilize the adsorption power of activated carbon, and there is a limit to the adsorption of odor and harmful gas by this activated carbon. However, there is a problem that the device is not satisfactory as an odor / harmful gas adsorption device. In addition, the installation of the odor / hazardous gas adsorption device has a problem in that the beauty of the room is spoiled and the living space is narrowed.

The inventor of the present invention has been studying to solve the above problems, and found that the adsorbing material disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2643823 has an excellent effect of adsorbing and removing bad smells and harmful gases. And completed the present invention.

That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a building material having an odor and harmful gas adsorption function capable of more effectively removing odors and harmful gases in a building.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the first aspect of the present invention is formed into a sheet, plate or other appropriate shape. And a macromonomer containing a hydrophilic group and a cationic dissociating group and / or an anionic dissociating group as a functional group having a capability of adsorbing a polar substance to the base material by graft polymerization. It is characterized by the following.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building material having an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function, wherein a base made of a sheet-like, plate-like, or other appropriate building material contains different functional groups. It is characterized in that a plurality of macromonomers are bonded.

[0008] The building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the third aspect of the present invention is a building material formed into a plurality of sheet-like, plate-like or other appropriate shapes combining macromonomers containing different functional groups. It is characterized by combining members for use.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building material having a function of adsorbing odor and harmful gas, comprising a granular material or a fibrous material as a base material, and a hydrophilic group as a functional group capable of adsorbing a polar substance. And a macromonomer containing a cationic dissociative group and / or an anionic dissociative group bonded by graft polymerization is put into a mold and solidified with an adhesive, and is a sheet-like, plate-like, or other appropriately shaped building member. It is characterized by being formed in.

[0010] The building material with an odor and harmful gas adsorption function according to the invention of claim 5 is characterized in that a macromonomer having different functional groups is bonded to the building material, and is composed of a plurality of substrates.

[0011] The building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the functional group having the ability to adsorb polar substances on the substrate includes a hydrophilic group and a cationic dissociating group and / or an anionic dissociating group. An adsorbent material in which a macromonomer containing a group is bonded by graft polymerization is fixed to a building member formed in a sheet shape, a plate shape, or another appropriate shape.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building material having an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function, wherein the adsorbing material is adhered to one or all surfaces of a building member formed in a sheet shape, a plate shape, or any other appropriate shape. It is characterized by being adhered and fixed via an agent.

The building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the invention of claim 8 is characterized in that the adsorbing material whose base is made of powder or granules is made of a sheet, plate or other appropriate material formed of a fiber material. It is characterized in that it is included and fixed between the fibers of the architectural member formed in the shape. .

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building material having a function of adsorbing odor and harmful gas, wherein the adsorbing material whose base is formed of powder or granules has a honeycomb structure, a pleated structure, or a sheet shape having a space structure inside. , And is housed and fixed in a space of a building member formed in a plate shape or other appropriate shape.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building material having an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function, wherein a polar substance is formed on a substrate between a plurality of sheet-like, plate-like, or other appropriate shaped building members. As a functional group having an adsorbing ability, an adsorbing material in which a macromonomer containing a hydrophilic group, a cationic dissociating group, and / or an anionic dissociating group is bonded by graft polymerization is fixed.

The building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the invention of claim 11 is characterized in that the adsorption material is constituted by a combination of a plurality of substrates different from each other.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building material having an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function, wherein the adsorbing material is constituted by a combination of a plurality of substrates each having a macromonomer containing a different type of functional group bonded thereto. Features.

As described above, the building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the present invention comprises, as a base, a building member formed in a sheet shape, a plate shape or any other appropriate shape, to which a polar substance is adsorbed. As a functional group having a function, a macromonomer containing a hydrophilic group and a cationic dissociative group and / or an anionic dissociative group is bonded by graft polymerization, or as a functional group having a polar substance adsorption ability to a substrate. An adsorbing material in which a macromonomer containing a hydrophilic group and a cationic dissociating group and / or an anionic dissociating group is bonded by graft polymerization is fixed to a sheet-like, plate-like or other appropriate shaped building member. Therefore, the building material with an odor / harmful gas adsorption function according to the present invention is implemented as wallpaper, wall material, floor material, ceiling material, heat insulating material, airtight sheet, waterproof sheet, etc. As a result, the odor and harmful gas in the building are adsorbed and removed by the adsorbing material with high efficiency, and the building material having such a function is used as a part of the building. It does not impair the beauty of the interior or reduce the space inside the building.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a building material having an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the present invention will be described below.

(First Example) In this example, a building member 1 formed in a sheet shape, a plate shape or other appropriate shape is used as a base,
A macromonomer containing a hydrophilic group, a cationic dissociating group, and / or an anionic dissociating group as a functional group having a capability of adsorbing a polar substance is bonded thereto by radiation graft polymerization.

The building member 1 referred to here is a member to be a building material implemented as, for example, wallpaper, wall material, floor material, ceiling material, heat insulating material, airtight sheet, waterproof sheet, and the like. Is not particularly limited, and any material can be used as long as the macromonomer can be bonded thereto.

The macromonomer to be bonded by radiation graft polymerization using the building member 1 as a base is a polymer having a degree of polymerization intermediate between the degree of polymerization of the oligomer and the degree of polymerization of the polymer.

The hydrophilic group contained in the macromonomer refers to a group (nonion) which has an affinity for water and does not dissociate ions when contacted with water. Such a hydrophilic group can supplement water present in the air, and the captured water molecules are adsorbed on the surface of the substrate to form a water layer,
It will dissolve polar substances and dissociate ionic substances. Such hydrophilic groups include, for example, hydroxyl, hydroxyalkyl and pyrrolidonyl groups.

The cationic dissociation group means an ion exchange group whose counter ion is a cation, and is an acid group. The cationic dissociating group has a capability of adsorbing a polar substance, is capable of releasing a hydrogen ion and neutralizing with a basic substance,
As a result, the basic substance is removed. Such cationic dissociating groups include, for example, carboxyl groups,
There are a sulfone group, a phosphate group, a sulfoethyl group, a phosphomethyl group and a carbomethyl group.

The anionic dissociating group means an ion-exchange group whose counter ion is an anion, which has the ability to adsorb a polar substance and can neutralize with an acidic substance. Material will be removed. Such anionic dissociating groups include, for example, primary to tertiary amino groups and
There are quaternary ammonium groups.

By the way, there are various harmful gas components and odor components, and they are generally combined. The adsorption of these gas components by the above-mentioned ion exchange group is chemical adsorption, and unlike activated carbon of physical adsorption, once adsorbed components can be reactivated by changes in operating conditions such as temperature / pressure changes and start / stop. However, it is difficult to remove any gas other than the acidic gas and the basic gas. For example, neutral harmful gas components such as acetaldehyde and formaldehyde cannot be removed simply by contacting the ion-exchange group with a substrate supported by the binding of a macromonomer. In this case, a substance having an amino group or the like is further supported on the substrate. This makes it possible to remove not only acidic gas and basic gas but also neutral harmful gas components.

In this embodiment, as the macromonomer bonded to the building member 1, in addition to a single macromonomer containing a specific functional group, a plurality of macromonomers containing different types of functional groups can be used. Also included are those having macromonomers attached. In the bonding of a plurality of macromonomers containing different types of functional groups, a plurality of macromonomers may be bonded to the building member 1 in a stripe shape, or may be randomly bonded. The coupling pattern is not particularly limited.

In this embodiment, the building member 1 is a sheet-like building member 1a or a plate-like building member 1a.
b. Building members (not shown) formed in other appropriate shapes are, of course, each independently used as a building material. For example, one is bonded to a macromonomer containing a cationic dissociating group, and the other is Sheet-like building members 1a, 1a (FIG. 1), plate-like building members 1b, 1b (FIG. 2), and sheet-like building to which macromonomers containing anionic dissociating groups are bonded. Building member 1a, plate-like building member 1b (FIG. 3), and sheet-like building member 1a or plate-like building member 1b, and building members formed in other appropriate shapes, not shown. Also includes building materials combined with.

(Second Example) In this example, a granular substance or a fibrous substance is used as a substrate, and a hydrophilic group and a cationic dissociating group and / or an anionic dissociating group are used as the functional groups having the ability to adsorb a polar substance. A macromonomer having a group bonded by radiation graft polymerization is put into a mold and solidified with an adhesive to form a sheet-like, plate-like, or other appropriately shaped building member 1 (FIG. 4). .

In the above-mentioned building member 1, a plurality of base materials are put into a mold to which macromonomers having different functional groups are bonded, and are solidified with an adhesive. 1 is also included.

When the above-mentioned granular or fibrous material is used as a substrate, macromonomers to be bonded by radiation graft polymerization, hydrophilic groups, cationic dissociative groups and anionic dissociative groups contained in the macromonomers are described below. It is similar to one example.

(Third Example) In this example, a macromonomer containing a hydrophilic group, a cationic dissociating group and / or an anionic dissociating group as a functional group capable of adsorbing a polar substance was bonded to a substrate by graft polymerization. The adsorbing material 2 is fixed to the sheet-like, plate-like or other appropriate shape of the building member 1.

The material of the substrate here is not particularly limited as in the first example, and any material can be used as long as it can bind to the macromonomer. The shape is not particularly limited, and various shapes such as a fiber shape, a film shape, a flake shape, a granule shape, a powder shape, and a plate shape can be used.
The macromonomer shown in the first example is bonded to such a base by radiation graft polymerization to form an adsorbent material 2.

For the architectural member to which the adsorbing material 2 is fixed, wood, resin, concrete, and other materials are not particularly limited. The means for fixing the adsorbing material 2 to the architectural member 1 is not particularly limited, either.
In the present embodiment, it is fixed by bonding via an adhesive.

In the fixed state, it is necessary that at least the adsorbing material 2 be fixed in a state of contact with the outside air.
When the adsorbing material 2 is adhered to the building member 1 with an adhesive, an adhesive may be applied to a fixed surface of the building member 1 to adhere the adsorbing material 2, and the base constituting the adsorbing material 2 may be used. When it is in the form of powder or granules, it may be mixed with an adhesive and applied to the building member 1.

The fixing of the adsorbing material 2 to the building member 1 may be performed on one side of the building member 1 as shown in FIG. 5 or on both sides as shown in FIG.

The adsorbing material 2 may be composed of a combination of a plurality of different substrates, for example, a fibrous substrate and a granular substrate (not shown). Further, the adsorbing material 2 may be constituted by a combination of a plurality of adsorbing materials 2 in which macromonomers having different functional groups are bonded. FIGS. 7 and 8 show an example thereof. In one of the adsorbing materials 2a, a macromonomer containing a cationic dissociating group is bonded to the substrate, and in the other adsorbing material 2b, the substrate contains an anionic dissociating group. The macromonomer is bonded, and these adsorbing materials 2a,
2b is fixed to the building member 1 in a stacked state, and FIG.
In this example, the adsorbing materials 2a and 2b are fixed to the building member 1 in a striped state, but the fixing pattern is not particularly limited.

(Fourth Example) In this example, the adsorbing material 2 whose substrate is in the form of powder or granules is contained and fixed between the fibers of the architectural member 1 formed of a fiber material (FIG. 9).

The particle size of the substrate of the adsorbent material 2 is determined by the type of fibers, the size between fibers, and the like of the architectural member 1 formed of a fiber material.

In this embodiment, as in the third embodiment, a plurality of adsorbing materials 2 in which the adsorbing materials 2 are combined with macromonomers having different functional groups are appropriately combined and included in the fibers of the building member 1. You may.

(Fifth Example) In this example, the adsorbing material 2 whose substrate is made of powder or granules is accommodated and fixed in the space of the architectural member 1 having a honeycomb structure, a pleated structure, or another space structure inside. Have been.

FIG. 10 shows an example in which an adsorbing material 2 is accommodated in a building member 1 in which the space has a honeycomb structure.
FIG. 11 shows a building member 1 in which the space has a pleated structure.
Shows an example in which the adsorbing material 2 is stored.

In this embodiment, as in the third embodiment, a plurality of adsorbing materials 2 in which the adsorbing materials 2 are combined with macromonomers having different functional groups are appropriately combined and stored in the internal space of the building member 1. You may.

(Sixth Example) In the present example, a plurality of sheet-like, plate-like, and other appropriate shapes are formed between building members 1.
An adsorbing material 2 in which a macromonomer containing a hydrophilic group, a cationic dissociating group, and / or an anionic dissociating group is bonded as a functional group capable of adsorbing a polar substance to a substrate by graft polymerization is fixed (FIG. 12). .

The adsorbing material 2 is the same as in the third example. In this example, the building member 1 needs to have air permeability.

In this embodiment, as the adsorbing material 2 fixed between the building members 1, it is not necessary to simply fix an adsorbing material consisting of a substrate to which a single macromonomer containing a specific functional group is bonded. Instead, a plurality of adsorbing materials 2 composed of a substrate to which macromonomers having different functional groups are bonded may be appropriately combined and fixed.

In fixing a plurality of adsorbing materials 2 containing different types of functional groups, a plurality of adsorbing materials may be fixed between the building members 1 in a striped manner, or may be fixed at random. The fixing pattern is not particularly limited.

In the first to twelfth examples,
Activated carbon, an antibacterial agent, a fragrance and the like can be added as needed.

[0049]

As described above, according to the building material having an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the present invention, a building member formed in a sheet shape, a plate shape or any other appropriate shape is used as a base,
A macromonomer containing a hydrophilic group and a cationic dissociating group and / or an anionic dissociating group as a functional group having a capability of adsorbing a polar substance is bonded thereto by graft polymerization, or the polar substance is adsorbed on a substrate. An adsorbing material formed by graft polymerization of a macromonomer containing a hydrophilic group and a cationic dissociating group and / or an anionic dissociating group as a functional group having an ability is formed in a sheet shape, a plate shape or any other appropriate shape. Since it is fixed to building members,
The present invention is implemented as a wallpaper, a wall material, a floor material, a ceiling material, a heat insulating material, an airtight sheet, a waterproof sheet, and the like, and by using these, odors and harmful gases in the building are adsorbed to the adsorbing material extremely efficiently. Since the building materials having such a function are used as a part of the building, it has the effect of not impairing the beauty of the building or narrowing the space inside the building. is there.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an embodiment of a building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing another example of the embodiment of the building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing another example of the embodiment of the building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another example of the embodiment of the building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing another example of the embodiment of the building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing another example of the embodiment of the building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing another example of the embodiment of the building material with an odor / harmful gas absorbing function according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the embodiment of the building material with an odor / harmful gas adsorption function according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the embodiment of the building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another example of the embodiment of the building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another example of the embodiment of the building material with an odor / harmful gas absorbing function according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a side view showing another example of the embodiment of the building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Building materials 2 Adsorption materials

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F-term (reference) 2E001 DA01 DB03 DC02 DD01 DH00 DH21 FA03 FA11 FA14 GA03 GA06 GA12 GA24 GA25 HA04 HC01 HC07 HD11 2E162 CE00 4C080 AA06 BB02 BB04 CC01 HH05 JJ06 KK08 LL10 MM22 NN22 QQBAD08AD05B05 AD066 AE10B BA02 BA03 BA07 CA02 CA52 FA07

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A building member formed in a sheet, plate or other suitable shape is used as a base, and a hydrophilic group and a cationic dissociating group, and / or A building material having an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function, wherein a macromonomer containing an anionic dissociating group is bonded by graft polymerization. 2. A plurality of macromonomers containing different types of functional groups are bonded to a base made of an architectural member formed in a sheet, plate or other appropriate shape. The building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to 1. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sheet-like, plate-like, or other appropriate shaped members formed by bonding macromonomers containing different types of functional groups are combined. Building materials with odor and harmful gas adsorption function. 4. A macromonomer containing a granular substance or a fibrous substance as a substrate and having a hydrophilic group and a cationic dissociating group and / or an anionic dissociating group as a functional group capable of adsorbing a polar substance, Those bonded by graft polymerization are put into a mold and solidified with an adhesive,
A building material having a function of adsorbing odors and harmful gases, wherein the building material is formed on a plate-like or other appropriately shaped building member. 5. The building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to claim 4, wherein a macromonomer containing different functional groups is bonded and is composed of a plurality of substrates. 6. An adsorbing material in which a macromonomer containing a hydrophilic group, a cationic dissociating group and / or an anionic dissociating group as a functional group capable of adsorbing a polar substance on a substrate is graft-bonded, A building material having an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function, which is fixed to a plate-like or other building material formed in an appropriate shape. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the adsorbing material is adhered and fixed to one surface or the whole surface of the architectural member formed in a sheet shape, a plate shape or any other appropriate shape with an adhesive. 6. The building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to 6. 8. An adsorbing material whose base material is in the form of powder or granules is encapsulated and fixed between fibers of a sheet, plate or other appropriate shaped building member formed of a fiber material. The building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to claim 6, wherein 9. An adsorbent material whose base material is formed of powder or granules is applied to the space of a building member having a honeycomb structure, a pleated structure or any other appropriate shape having a space structure therein. The building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to claim 6, wherein the building material is accommodated and fixed. 10. A hydrophilic group, a cationic dissociating group, and / or a functional group having a capability of adsorbing a polar substance to a substrate between a plurality of sheet-like, plate-like, or other appropriate-shaped building members. Alternatively, a building material having an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function, wherein an adsorbent material in which a macromonomer containing an anionic dissociative group is bonded by graft polymerization is fixed. 11. The building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to claim 6, wherein the adsorbing material is constituted by a combination of a plurality of different types of substrates. 12. The method according to claim 6, wherein the adsorbing material is constituted by a combination of a plurality of substrates to which macromonomers containing different types of functional groups are bonded.
The building material with an odor / hazardous gas adsorption function according to 9, 10, or 11.