JP2001130962A - Carbide shaped product - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbide shaped product capable of enabling excellent characteristics such as moisture-absorbing and releasing properties, heat insulation properties and nasty smell-adsorbing ability, possessed by the carbide to be sufficiently utilized, and having not only a high mechanical strength level but also shape-maintaining properties. SOLUTION: This carbide shaped product is obtained by sticking and binding a mixture of a carbide granular powder having 400-1,300 deg.C carbonizing temperature and a grain size passing a standard sieve having 50-200 mesh, with a natural fiber-opened product, with a hot-melt type adhesive separated out on the surface of the carbide granular powder.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carbide molded body having excellent mechanical properties and excellent moisture absorption / release properties, heat insulation properties, and offensive odor adsorbing ability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-302803 discloses a molded article of a porous material in which activated carbon or zeolite having an excellent adsorption function is used as a constituent element and natural fiber defibrated materials are bound as a binder. I have.

[0003] Gypsum / charcoal boards containing gypsum and activated carbon or charcoal as constituent elements are also known. This gypsum / charcoal board has a high level of fire resistance as well as moisture absorption / desorption properties and adsorbability, and is therefore used as a building element for forming a comfortable living space.

[0004]

However, although the molded article of porous material disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-302803 is excellent in adsorptivity, it does not use an adhesive, so that the porous material and natural fiber can be used. There has been a problem that the adhesion between the defibrated materials is not sufficient and the porous material as the mixture element is easily peeled off.

[0005] On the other hand, a board made of a mixture of gypsum and charcoal or activated carbon is excellent in fire resistance, heat insulation and adsorption performance, but has a drawback in that the mechanical strength level is low.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, makes full use of the properties of carbides such as excellent moisture absorption / release properties, heat insulation properties, and bad odor adsorption capacity, and has a high mechanical strength level and a good shape. It is an object of the present invention to provide a carbide molded body having a maintenance function, for example, a carbide board.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems According to the first aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, a carbonization temperature: 400 ° C. to 13 ° C.
A mixture of a carbide particle powder having a particle size of 00C and a standard sieve (50 to 200) mesh pass and a natural fiber defibrated material is adhesively bonded by a hot melt adhesive deposited on the surface of the carbide particle powder. Carbide molded body.

The invention according to claim 2 is the carbide molded article according to claim 1, wherein the hot-melt adhesive is obtained by neutralizing an alkaline phenol resol having a high degree of condensation with an acid.

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the carbonization temperature is 60.
Carbide granule powder and natural fiber defibrated material having a particle size of 0 ° C to 1000 ° C and a standard sieve (50 to 200) mesh pass are obtained by weighting, by weight, carbide particle powder / natural fiber defibrated material = 90/10 to 2
This is a carbide molded article excellent in moisture absorption and desorption performance obtained by bonding a mixture of 0/80 with a hot-melt adhesive deposited on the surface of carbide particle powder.

[0010] The invention according to claim 4 provides a carbonization temperature: 80
Carbide granule powder and natural fiber defibrated material having a particle size of 0 ° C. to 1000 ° C. and a standard sieve (50 to 200) mesh pass are weighed by weight as carbide particle powder / natural fiber defibrated material = 90/10 to 4
A mixture having a specific gravity in the range of 0.3 to 1.0 and excellent in bad odor adsorption performance, which is obtained by bonding a mixture having a ratio of 0/60 with a hot-melt adhesive deposited on the surface of a carbide particle powder. It is a molded article.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the carbonization temperature is 60.
Carbide granule powder having a particle size of 0 ° C. to 1000 ° C. and a standard sieve (50 to 200) mesh pass and natural fiber defibrated material are weighed by weight as carbide particle powder / natural fiber defibrated material = 90/10 to 5
0/50 mixture is bonded by hot-melt type adhesive deposited on the surface of carbide particle powder, and its specific gravity is in the range of 0.2 to 0.5. It is.

The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the carbonization temperature is 60.
Carbide granule powder and natural fiber defibrated material having a particle size of 0 ° C. to 1000 ° C. and a standard sieve (50 to 200) mesh pass are weighed by weight as carbide particle powder / natural fiber defibrated material = 90/10 to 7
The mixture of 0/30 was bonded and bonded by a hot-melt type adhesive deposited on the surface of the carbide particle powder, and was subjected to nonflammable and flame-retardant treatment with a borax solution or the like. It is a carbide molded body having excellent nonflammability in the range of 0.5.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on preferred embodiments.

In the present invention, when forming the carbide molded body, the carbide granule powder and the natural fiber defibrated material are adhered by an adhesive. Unlike wood-based fibers, carbide granules do not have a binding force such as hydrogen bonding or entanglement, so that an adhesive must be used.

However, if the carbide powder and the natural fiber defibrated material are to be bonded to each other with an ordinary liquid synthetic resin adhesive, since the carbide powder is porous, the adhesive penetrates into the particles. Not only does it require a large amount of adhesive, but it also loses the properties of carbides that are porous and lightweight.

Therefore, in the present invention, a hot-melt adhesive is used. In the present invention, a solution of a highly condensed alkaline phenol resole is added to a mixture slurry of a carbide granule powder, for example, a charcoal powder and a pulp, and then the alkali is neutralized with an acid to form a resole on the mixture surface in a feathered manner. It is made to precipitate and function as a hot-melt adhesive.

On the other hand, when the carbide particles are formed into a compact using the adhesive, the contact area between the carbide particles is small, so that the carbon particles alone have a low mechanical strength even when the adhesive is used. Can only be obtained.

In order to solve this problem, in the present invention, a defibrated natural fiber is mixed. Examples of the defibrated natural fibers include wood fibers, fibers of kenaf, newspapers and old magazines, and fibers of old cloth such as wool and cotton.

The content of the hot melt type adhesive is preferably in the range of 10% to 30% by weight with respect to the carbide molded article as the product. If it is less than 10%, the adhesion between the carbide granule powder and the natural fiber defibrated material is not sufficient, while the resin absorbs and releases moisture,
At most 30% because it does not contribute to the characteristics such as adsorption
Is the content of

Next, the reason for limiting the numerical value of the carbide powder will be described. A carbide such as charcoal has a pore structure as shown in FIG. The pores have developed in a dendritic manner from macropores 1 and mesopores 2 to micropores.
Has the characteristics shown in FIG. The pore size of the myriad of micropores inside the charcoal wall is on the order of 1 nm to 5 nm.

[0021]

[Table 1]

Examples of the carbide used in the present invention include charcoal such as wood charcoal such as charcoal (hardwood and conifer), and charcoal such as magazines, newspapers, coconut husks, rice husks, sawdust, bamboo, Takasan, and municipal waste. Can be used.

Here, the carbonization temperature of the carbide powder is 400
C. to 1300 ° C. is based on the following reason. When heat is applied in an atmosphere in which oxygen is not present or is very small in the wood material, carbonization occurs in a temperature range of 260C to 1300C. The pore size of macropores does not change significantly depending on the carbonization temperature, whereas the pore size of micropores changes significantly depending on the carbonization temperature.

As the carbonization temperature rises, compounds of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon are volatilized from the interior of the charcoal, and the carbonization temperature becomes 400 ° C.
The carbon content increases in the temperature range of １1300 ° C. Since the pore size decreases with an increase in the carbon content, the number of micropores also increases, and the surface area inside the carbide, which directly affects the adsorption capacity, increases accordingly. Therefore, the carbonization temperature range of the carbide was set to 400 ° C to 1300 ° C. Preferably, it is a carbonization temperature range of 600 ° C to 1000 ° C. Charcoal having a carbonization temperature of 600 ° C. or higher has excellent humidity control ability and odor adsorption ability. In addition, charcoal having a carbonization temperature of around 1000 ° C. has excellent selective adsorption ability for heavy metals such as mercury and zinc. Furthermore, charcoal that has passed a carbonization temperature of 800 ° C. or higher has excellent heat resistance, fire resistance, small dimensional change rate, and biodeterioration resistance as well as carbon materials, begins to have electrical conductivity, and has little thermal deformation. It has the performance of

The carbide molded article of the present invention has a great advantage in that it has excellent moisture absorption / release properties, odor adsorbing ability, and the like. However, in order to sufficiently improve this property, the particle size of the carbide is as fine as possible. It is necessary that the specific surface area is large.

According to the knowledge of the inventors, the particle size of the carbide needs to be 50 mesh to 200 mesh pass of the standard sieve, and when this condition is satisfied, the finish of the molded body is good. Preferably, the standard sieve 80 mesh ~ 1
This is the particle size of 20 mesh passes.

In order to obtain the carbonized molded article having excellent moisture absorption / desorption performance according to the third aspect, the carbonization temperature range is from 600 ° C. to 1000 ° C.
It is preferable to use a carbide of softwood at a temperature of ° C. In addition, coconut husks, rice husks, and the like are also preferable for obtaining porous carbide particle powder. In addition, the specific surface area is preferably as large as possible, and from this viewpoint, the particle size is preferably 120 mesh pass or less.

The mixing ratio of the carbide powder and the natural fiber defibrated material is as follows:
The range of / 10 to 20/80 is preferred. Even within this range, it is desirable that the ratio of the porous carbide powder is high as long as the mechanical strength required for the carbide molded body is satisfied.

The content of the carbide powder varies depending on the specific gravity of the carbide compact. When the set specific gravity of the carbide compact decreases, the content of the carbide granule powder decreases. The moisture absorbing / releasing ability and the adsorbing ability are given by the carbide powder, and the mechanical strength of the carbide molded body is given by the natural fiber defibrated material and the adhesive. In consideration of both of these, as the building material element, the specific gravity of the carbide molded body is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 1.0.

It is necessary that the carbide molded body having excellent odor adsorbing ability according to the fourth aspect be porous and have a large specific surface area. When cedar wood is carbonized, for example, the specific surface area becomes maximum at a carbonization temperature of around 1000 ° C. From this viewpoint, the carbonization temperature of the carbide is 800 ° C.
The temperature is preferably in the range of 1000 to 1000 ° C.

The mixing ratio of the carbide granule powder and the natural fiber defibrated material is as follows: carbide granule powder / natural fiber defibrated material = 90/10 to 40
/ 60 is preferable.

The content of the hot melt type adhesive is preferably in the range of 15% to 30% by weight based on the carbide molded product as a product. Further, the specific gravity of the carbide molded body is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 1.0.

In the carbide molded article having excellent heat insulating properties according to the fifth aspect, the compounding ratio of the carbide granule powder and the natural fiber defibrated material is as follows: carbide granule powder / natural fiber defibrated material = 90/10. 5
It is preferably within the range of 0/50.

The content of the hot melt type adhesive is preferably in the range of 15% to 30% by weight based on the carbide molded product as the product. Further, the specific gravity of the carbide molded body is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 0.5 from the viewpoint of emphasizing heat insulation.

The carbonized molded article excellent in noncombustibility according to the sixth aspect is preferably one subjected to noncombustible / flame retardant treatment.
Since the carbide molded body is small in volume expansion due to water absorption or the like and is porous, non-combustible and flame-retardant treatment using, for example, a borax solution is possible. In addition, the fact that carbide has high resistance to ultraviolet rays and chemicals and is excellent in heat resistance also contributes to nonflammability.

The mixing ratio of the carbide granule powder and the natural fiber defibrated material is as follows: carbide granule powder / natural fiber defibrated material = 90/10 to 70
/ 30 is preferable.

The content of the hot melt type adhesive is preferably in the range of 15% to 30% by weight with respect to the carbide molded product as a product. Further, the specific gravity of the carbide molded body is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 1.0 from the viewpoint of giving importance to heat insulation.

The non-combustible / flame-retardant treatment with a borax solution or the like is performed by immersing the carbide molded body in a 10% by weight borax aqueous solution after forming the carbide molded body by hot pressing. The content of borax and the like in the carbide molded body after the treatment is:
10% by weight or more.

[0039]

The carbide molded article of the present invention is lightweight, has excellent shape maintaining ability and high mechanical strength, and has a moisture absorbing and releasing property, a heat insulating property, a far infrared ray effect, an odor adsorbing ability, a nonflammability, a negative ion effect. Excellent in point.

[0040]

Example 1 Next, an example of a production process for obtaining a carbide molded body of the present invention will be described. First, cedar waste wood charcoal powder of 100 mesh pass at a carbonization temperature of 700 ° C. and defibrated waste paper pulp were mixed in water, and a slurry was prepared so that the weight% of the charcoal powder and waste paper pulp was 2.0 wt%.

The weight percentage of charcoal powder and waste paper pulp in the slurry is 1 wt.
% To 5 wt% is preferred.

The compounding ratios of the carbonized material and the natural fiber defibrated material were three levels of 90:10, 70:30 and 50:50 (weight ratio).

Next, to the mixture slurry of charcoal and waste paper pulp, a predetermined amount of a high-condensation alkaline phenol resol obtained by converting a novolak having a high degree of polymerization into methylol and condensing the mixture to a point of gelation was added, and after stirring, an aqueous phosphoric acid solution was added. In addition, it was neutralized.

The slurry after the neutralization and stirring was put into a mold, and subjected to suction filtration to prepare a wet mat. Thereafter, the mat was dried in a dryer at 40 ° C. all day and night to make the water content about 10%. The reason why the drying temperature is set to 40 ° C. is that the temperature is preferably as low as possible because the adhesive is a thermosetting synthetic resin. In the present invention, the drying temperature is at most 80 ° C.

After the drying mat was hot-pressed at 170 ° C. for 15 minutes, the pressure was released for 1 minute. Note that a spacer having a predetermined thickness was used for the purpose of regulating the thickness.

The general physical properties of the obtained wood carbide board are as follows:
It is greatly affected by the set specific gravity, the amount of fiber, and the ratio of resin as an adhesive. The physical properties of the wood carbide board obtained in this example in terms of mechanical strength are as follows: specific gravity: 0.4 or more; charcoal: pulp distribution ratio = 70:30 to 50:50; bending strength: 50 kgf / cm ² to 150 kgf / cm ² , Young's modulus: (6 to 14) × 10 ³ kgf / cm ² . In addition, the volume expansion coefficient due to moisture absorption and water absorption is low, and it is rich in water resistance and heat resistance. As a use, it can be used as a ceiling plate, a tatami floor, and various core materials (such as a non-combustible core material of two types of fire doors) according to a low-density fiberboard (IB). Table 2 shows the physical properties of the carbide molded body obtained in this example.

[0047]

[Table 2]

Example 2 A 120-mesh pass granulated powder obtained by converting cedar wood to charcoal at a carbonization temperature of 850 ° C. and newspaper wastepaper pulp were obtained by weighting: carbide granulated powder / natural fiber defibrated material = 70/30. Others are described in Example 1.
Under the same conditions as in the above, a carbide molded board was produced.
The specific gravity of the carbide molded board was 0.5, and a carbide board excellent in moisture absorbing / releasing ability was obtained.

Example 3 A 160-mesh pass granulated powder obtained by converting cedar wood to charcoal at a carbonization temperature of 1000 ° C. and a newsprint pulp were obtained by weighting: carbide powder / natural fiber defibrated material = 80/20. Except for the above, a carbide molded board was manufactured under the same conditions as in Example 1. The specific gravity of the carbide molded board was 0.5, and a carbide board excellent in odor adsorption ability was obtained.

Example 4 A 120-mesh pass granulated powder obtained by converting cedar wood to charcoal at a carbonization temperature of 750 ° C. and newspaper waste pulp were obtained by weighting: carbide powder / natural fiber defibrated material = 73/27. Others are described in Example 1.
Under the same conditions as in the above, a carbide molded board was produced.
The specific gravity of the carbide molded board was 0.3, and a carbide board excellent in heat insulation was obtained.

Example 5 A 120-mesh pass granulated powder obtained by converting cedar wood into charcoal at a carbonization temperature of 750 ° C. and newspaper waste pulp were obtained by weighting: carbide powder / natural fiber defibrated material = 73/27. Others are described in Example 1.
Under the same conditions as in the above, a carbide molded board was produced.
A carbide board having a specific gravity of 0.3 was obtained.

This carbide board was immersed in a 10% by weight borax solution to perform a noncombustible / flame retardant treatment. A borax content in the carbide board of 15% was obtained, which was excellent in nonflammability.

The characteristics of the woody carbide molded article of the present invention are as follows. Excellent moisture absorption / release properties (humidity control properties). The change in the amount of moisture absorbed and released by the carbide molded article of the present invention was measured in a constant temperature / humidity oven. Charcoal: pulp = 70: 30, thickness: 1
For a 2mm carbide board, 3 ~ compared to plywood of the same thickness
It showed four times the amount of moisture absorption / release. Then, in the chamber where the carbide board is installed, the amplitude of the relative humidity curve is small and the change in humidity is small. This indicates that it has excellent moisture absorption / release properties.

Excellent heat insulation. According to the measurement result by the stationary method, the thermal conductivity value is smaller than other wood-based materials and the heat insulating property is excellent. Table 3 shows the thermal conductivity measurement results.

[0055]

[Table 3]

It has a far infrared effect. The carbide board has a far-infrared emissivity of 78% to 82% in any of the formulations. A substance having a far-infrared emissivity of 70% or more has a far-infrared effect. Medium density fiberboard (MD
F), when compared with gypsum board, there is an advantage in the wavelength region of 3 μm to 6 μm.

Excellent odor adsorbing ability. Initial concentrations are hydrogen sulfide (29 ppm), ethylene (45 ppm)
ppm), acetaldehyde (250 ppm), formaldehyde (20 ppm), ammonia (100 pp)
As shown in FIG. 2, as a result of the measurement of the five specimens of m), the carbide board is superior in the odor adsorbing ability to other wooden boards.

Excellent incombustibility. The incombustibility was improved by internally adding borax or the like to the carbide board.

It has a negative ion effect. Charcoal and carbide boards generate negative ions.
Far-infrared rays are generated from charcoal, and a special wavelength band of 6.27 μm among the far-infrared wavelengths hits water molecules, giving an extraordinary change to the water clusters and causing an extra electron. Negative ions are generated. Also in the carbide board of the present invention, the generation of negative ions is related to far infrared rays having a wavelength near 6 μm.

[0060]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a woody carbide molded article excellent in mechanical properties and adsorption ability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the pore structure of woody carbide

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change over time of formaldehyde gas measured for various building materials.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 macropore 2 mesopore 3 micropore

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Masayuki Wakisaka 405-3, Omaki, Fukuoka Pref. Industrial Technology Center Interior Research Laboratory (72) Ryohei Asakura 405-3, Omaki, Okawa, Fukuoka Fukuoka Pref. F-term (Ref.) 4D052 AA08 CA02 CA09 FA02 GA03 GA04 GB00 GB02 GB11 GB12 GB13 GB17 GB18 GB19 HA21 HA33 HA39 HB02 4G032 AA01 AA14 AA29 AA51 BA01 GA11 4G066 AA04B AA50D AC02BAC25 CA52 CA24 FA21 FA34 FA37

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A carbonization temperature: 400 ° C. to 1300 ° C., a mixture of a carbide particle powder having a particle size of a standard sieve (50 to 200) mesh pass and a natural fiber defibrated material is precipitated on the surface of the carbide particle powder. A carbide molded article bonded and bonded with a hot melt adhesive. 2. The carbide molded article according to claim 1, wherein the hot melt adhesive is obtained by neutralizing an alkaline phenol resol having a high degree of condensation with an acid. 3. Carbonization temperature: 600 ° C. to 1000 ° C., a carbon fiber powder having a particle size of a standard sieve (50 to 200) mesh pass and a natural fiber defibrated material are obtained by weight of carbon particle powder / natural fiber defibration. A molded carbide article excellent in moisture absorption and desorption performance obtained by bonding a mixture of fibers = 90/10 to 20/80 with a hot-melt type adhesive deposited on the surface of a carbide particle powder. 4. Carbonization temperature: 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C., a carbon fiber powder having a particle size of a standard sieve (50 to 200) mesh pass and a natural fiber defibrated material are obtained by weight of carbon particle powder / natural fiber defibration. The specific gravity is in the range of 0.3 to 1.0, which is obtained by bonding a mixture in which the fiber is 90/10 to 40/60 with a hot melt type adhesive deposited on the surface of the carbide powder. A carbide molded body with excellent odor adsorption performance. 5. Carbonization temperature: 600 ° C. to 1000 ° C., a carbon fiber powder having a particle size of a standard sieve (50 to 200) mesh pass and a natural fiber defibrated material are obtained by weight of the carbon particle powder / natural fiber defibration. Insulation with a specific gravity in the range of 0.2 to 0.5, which is obtained by bonding a mixture of fine fibers = 90/10 to 50/50 with a hot-melt type adhesive deposited on the surface of the carbide particle powder. Carbide molded body with excellent performance. 6. Carbonization temperature: 600 ° C. to 1000 ° C., a carbon fiber powder having a particle size of a standard sieve (50 to 200) mesh pass and a natural fiber defibrated material are obtained by weight of carbon particle powder / natural fiber defibration. The mixture of fiber = 90/10 to 70/30 was bonded and bonded by a hot-melt type adhesive deposited on the surface of the carbide granule powder, and was subjected to non-combustible and flame-retardant treatment using a borax solution or the like. A carbide molded article having a specific gravity in the range of 0.2 to 0.5 and excellent in nonflammability performance.