JP2001130901A - Hydrogen energy supplying unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydrogen energy supplying unit capable of generating hydrogen by electrolyzing water, and capable of pressurizing the hydrogen without using a gas compressor to safely and efficiently store the hydrogen in gas storage facilities comprising small containers. SOLUTION: This hydrogen energy supplying unit has a water electrolysis cell for electrolyzing water to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, a pressure vessel for enclosing the water electrolysis cell in water or an electrical instating liquid, the hydrogen gas storage facilities, a hydrogen gas delivery pathway for delivering the hydrogen gas from the water electrolysis cell to the hydrogen gas storage facilities, an oxygen gas delivery pathway for delivering the oxygen gas from the water electrolysis cell, a delivery shut-off valve stationed on the hydrogen gas delivery pathway, a delivery shut-off valve stationed on the oxygen gas delivery pathway, a supply shut-off valve used for opening and shutting a pathway for supplying the hydrogen gas to users of the hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas storage facilities, wherein the hydrogen generated by the water electrolysis cell is stored in the hydrogen gas storage facilities, and the stored hydrogen is supplied with the users through the supply shut-off valve.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for supplying hydrogen energy, and more particularly to a device for burning hydrogen instead of conventional fossil fuels such as petroleum and city gas which generate substances that may destroy the global environment. In order to use hydrogen that produces only water that does not pollute the global environment as energy, it can safely generate and store hydrogen by electrolyzing water using power generated by natural energy or surplus power at night. The present invention relates to a hydrogen energy supply apparatus for supplying energy to a use location, and is used in a range of relatively small fields such as ordinary households, offices, factories, and gas stations to large-scale energy storage. The present invention relates to a supply device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, reducing the emission of air pollutants that cause destruction of the global environment such as global warming, acid rain, generation of photochemical smog, and the like has become a global issue that has caused human beings to survive. Various measures have been attempted to reduce these air pollutants.However, if the reduction measures that can be implemented at present are to completely reduce them, this will not only act as a brake on future economic activity expansion, but also at present. Not only halting the development of mankind, but also retreating it. Therefore, in order to avoid such a crisis, it is urgently necessary to stop using fossil fuels that emit exhaust gases that affect the global environment and promote the use of hydrogen energy that does not adversely affect the global environment. Have been.

[0003] However, conventionally, as will be described later, there has not been provided a hydrogen energy supply device effective for disseminating hydrogen energy. For this reason, fossil fuel consumption has been reduced, but such measures are inadequate to fundamentally solve problems such as global warming.

[0004] Here, in large-scale fossil fuel consuming facilities such as thermal power plants, the recovery of carbon dioxide gas discharged is being studied, but the method of disposing the collected carbon dioxide gas so as not to be completely released to the atmosphere is considered. However, such a technique has not yet been put to practical use. On the other hand, in small-scale fossil fuel consuming facilities such as ordinary households, offices, factories, and automobiles, it is more difficult technically and economically to provide a device for recovering carbon dioxide in each facility. In addition, even if it can be recovered, disposal of the recovered carbon dioxide as described above remains a problem. Therefore, for the time being, there is no effective method other than to reduce the consumption of fossil fuel itself and to minimize the emission of carbon dioxide gas.

[0005] In order to avoid such a problem, it has been studied to use hydrogen that produces only water by combustion instead of fossil fuel. In addition, it is considered to effectively use clean energy that does not use fossil fuels such as solar light, wind power, hydraulic power, and nuclear power. However, such clean energy such as solar light is also obtained in the form of electric power. Therefore, utilization of hydrogen as the energy storage means is also being studied.

[0006] As is well known, hydrogen can be produced by the electrolysis of water, and thus the electricity can be converted to hydrogen by the electrolysis of water and stored. Today, hydrogen converted from electric power can be directly converted into electricity using a fuel cell. In addition, hydrogen
It is also possible to use it directly as an energy source instead of city gas or gasoline without re-conversion to electric power. In this case, hydrogen is converted into water by combustion, so emissions of substances that pollute the global environment, such as carbon dioxide, are released. Can be completely stopped.

Further, since the combustion temperature of hydrogen is lower than that of fossil fuels such as petroleum, a hydrogen vehicle equipped with an engine using hydrogen as a fuel has a remarkable effect on the generation of nitrogen oxide which is a substance causing air pollution. Can be reduced.
In addition, engines that use hydrogen and oxygen generated by the electrolysis of water as fuel will increase horsepower per unit displacement compared to conventional fossil fuel engines that use air containing only about 20% oxygen. Can be improved
As a result, a large output can be obtained with a small engine having a small displacement, and as a result, the running performance and the fuel efficiency can be greatly improved as compared with the conventional case.

Conventionally, however, safe and economical hydrogen supply facilities and hydrogen delivery services for using hydrogen as energy or as fuel for automobiles on a relatively small scale in general homes, offices, factories, etc. Has not been realized, so ordinary households, offices, factories, etc. have used hydrogen instead of fossil fuels, or similarly installed solar power generation facilities and wind power generation facilities in general homes, offices, factories, etc. In practice, it has been impossible to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels by converting the generated power into hydrogen for use.

Conventionally, as a device for generating hydrogen by electrolysis of water, conventionally, a positive electrode and a negative electrode are separated by a porous diaphragm such as asbestos, and water in which an electrolyte such as KOH is dissolved is electrolyzed to form hydrogen and hydrogen. An alkaline water electrolysis method for generating oxygen is widely known, and it is conceivable to apply this method to generate hydrogen using commercial power in general households, offices, factories, and the like to utilize hydrogen energy. In the method, if the electrolysis of water is stopped and left as it is, hydrogen and oxygen permeating the diaphragm are mixed little by little, and there is a risk of generating detonation, so it is difficult to stop the operation at any time. Also, it is difficult to reduce the amount of hydrogen generated to a certain level or less, so it is difficult to apply it to homes, offices, factories, etc., which need to generate a relatively small amount of hydrogen only when necessary. There was. In addition, even when hydrogen is generated and stored using electric power generated by energy that fluctuates greatly, such as sunlight or wind, such an alkaline water electrolysis method is difficult to apply for the same reason as described above. Furthermore, in order to efficiently store the hydrogen generated by the alkaline water electrolysis method in a small container, it is necessary to compress the generated hydrogen to reduce the volume.
There is no other method than using a gas compressor, but in that case, noise generated by the gas compressor becomes a problem, and frequent maintenance is required, so that it is difficult to apply the method to ordinary homes and offices.

Further, it is generally considered advantageous to convert the electric power into hydrogen when there is a surplus in the electric power, but the surplus electric power fluctuates even when the power generation amount does not fluctuate as in the case of nuclear power. For this reason, the alkaline water electrolysis method, which is vulnerable to fluctuations as described above, is not suitable to be adopted as a means for converting surplus electric power into hydrogen for storage.

As described above, in order to solve the problems that the conventional alkaline water electrolysis method is vulnerable to fluctuations and requires a gas compressor, pure water is replaced by a solid polymer electrolyte membrane instead of an alkaline water electrolysis apparatus. High-purity hydrogen oxygen generator that generates hydrogen and oxygen by direct electrolysis (product name: HHOG)
Have been developed (for example, JP-A-8-193287,
JP-A-8-260176, etc.). These proposed devices directly electrolyze pure water using a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and are capable of directly pressurizing the generated hydrogen and oxygen without using a gas compressor. Although it is a revolutionary device that has a pressure increasing function and that does not mix hydrogen and oxygen and generate explosive sound even if the operation is stopped and left for a long time, these devices are In this, pure water for electrolysis is sealed in a high-pressure container to seal the water electrolysis cell to prevent leakage from the sealing portion of the water electrolysis cell, and cooling for cooling the water electrolysis cell. Since it also serves as a liquid, the quality of pure water is reduced, the specific resistance is reduced, and the leak current is disadvantageously increased.

Further, the above proposed apparatus does not have a function of safely storing the generated hydrogen. Therefore, the apparatus is installed in a general home, office, factory, or the like, and generates and stores the hydrogen using inexpensive nighttime electric power. As a hydrogen energy supply device that can be consumed when needed in the daytime, it has to be said that it is still unfinished.

In order to actually install the high-purity hydrogen / oxygen generator as proposed above in a general home or office as a hydrogen energy supply device, it is necessary to secure an installation site. There is a need to provide a hydrogen energy supply device that is not required.

Further, hydrogen is generated and stored by the proposed high-purity hydrogen / oxygen generator using low-priced nighttime electric power, and the stored hydrogen is transferred for sale or as fuel for a hydrogen vehicle. When filling, if the transfer is performed without using a gas compressor, the storage pressure gradually decreases during the transfer,
Along with this, there is a problem that the transfer and filling pressure is reduced, and the transfer and filling amount is reduced. Therefore, a hydrogen energy supply device that prevents a decrease in the transfer and filling amount due to a decrease in the storage pressure due to the transfer and filling. It is desired to provide.

In view of only supply of hydrogen, a hydrogen gas cylinder filled with hydrogen at a high pressure of about 150 to 200 atm is commercially available, and it has been conventionally used to utilize hydrogen energy. However, in this case, it is necessary to replace the empty gas cylinder, and since the hydrogen gas cylinder is heavy, truck transport is indispensable for its delivery, so not only transportation costs are required, but also
Since truck transport itself uses fossil fuels, it is not effective in reducing fossil fuel consumption. In addition, transportation of hydrogen gas cylinders filled with high pressure is dangerous, so secure a place with an appropriate safety distance from the vicinity on the premises, or secure facilities with special safety measures. Need
For this reason, conventionally, high-pressure filled hydrogen cylinders were used in homes, offices,
The fact is that it has hardly been used as an energy source in factories.

[0016]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for electrolyzing water to generate hydrogen, which can be stored safely and efficiently in a small-volume gas storage device by pressurizing without using a gas compressor. In this way, in places such as ordinary households, factories, gas stations, etc. that previously consumed or sold fossil fuels as fuel, they consumed hydrogen instead of fossil fuels without securing new land, It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydrogen energy supply device which can be sold. The invention also provides
An object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen energy supply device that can be safely installed on a roof or a roof of a general household, factory, gas station, or the like. Further, the present invention enables safe and efficient storage of hydrogen energy by performing electrolysis of water using electric power of clean energy generation such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation. The aim is to promote the spread of energy power generation, promote the replacement of fossil fuels with hydrogen, and solve problems such as destruction of the global environment and depletion of fossil fuels in the future.

[0017]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydrogen / oxygen energy supply apparatus, comprising: a water electrolysis cell for electrolyzing water to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas; A high-pressure container sealed in an insulating liquid, a hydrogen gas storage device for storing hydrogen gas, a hydrogen gas outlet system for guiding hydrogen gas generated in the water electrolysis cell to a hydrogen gas storage device, An oxygen gas lead-out line for guiding oxygen gas generated in the cell from the water electrolysis cell, a hydrogen gas lead-off valve provided in the hydrogen gas lead-out line, and an oxygen gas lead-out valve provided in the oxygen gas lead-out line A valve,
A hydrogen gas supply opening / closing valve for opening / closing the supply of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas storage device to the hydrogen gas use point, and supplying hydrogen gas generated by decomposition of water in the water electrolysis cell to the hydrogen gas storage device. It is characterized in that it is stored, and the stored hydrogen gas is sent out to a point of use through the hydrogen gas supply on-off valve.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hydrogen energy supply apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein at least one of the hydrogen gas derivation path and the oxygen gas derivation path is provided. In the region where the outer surface of the system contacts the electrically insulating liquid in the high-pressure vessel, the inside or outside of the system is isolated by a member or structure having elasticity or flexibility that can expand and contract due to a pressure difference between the inside and outside. The pressure in the water electrolysis cell and the pressure in the high-pressure vessel can be made equal by interposing a flexible portion.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hydrogen energy supply device according to the first aspect, wherein the hydrogen gas storage device comprises a plurality of small-capacity hydrogen gas containers, Each gas container is provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the gas pressure in the container, and each is provided with an on-off valve which can be individually operated remotely.Moreover, each hydrogen gas container is connected in parallel via the individual on-off valve. Is connected to the terminal.

A hydrogen energy supply apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a water electrolysis cell for electrolyzing water to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, and encloses the water electrolysis cell in pure water or an electrically insulating liquid. A high-pressure vessel, a hydrogen gas storage device for storing hydrogen gas, an oxygen gas storage device for storing oxygen gas, and a hydrogen gas derivation device for guiding the hydrogen gas generated in the water electrolysis cell to the hydrogen gas storage device. A system path, an oxygen gas lead-out path for guiding oxygen gas generated in the water electrolysis cell to an oxygen gas storage device, a hydrogen gas lead-off valve provided in the hydrogen gas lead-out path, and the oxygen gas lead-out path. An oxygen gas deriving on-off valve provided on a hydrogen gas supply opening / closing valve for opening and closing the supply of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas storage device to the hydrogen gas use point; An oxygen gas supply opening / closing valve for opening and closing gas supply, wherein hydrogen gas and oxygen gas generated by decomposition of water in the water electrolysis cell are stored in a hydrogen gas storage device and an oxygen gas storage device, respectively. ,
In addition, the stored hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are sent out to the point of use through the hydrogen gas supply opening / closing valve and the oxygen gas supply opening / closing valve, respectively.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hydrogen energy supply apparatus according to the fourth aspect, wherein at least one of the hydrogen gas derivation path and the oxygen gas derivation path is provided. In the region where the outer surface of the system contacts the electrically insulating liquid in the high-pressure vessel, the inside or outside of the system is isolated by a member or structure having elasticity or flexibility that can expand and contract due to a pressure difference between the inside and outside. The pressure in the water electrolysis cell and the pressure in the high-pressure vessel can be made equal by interposing a flexible portion.

The hydrogen energy supply device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the hydrogen energy supply device according to the fourth aspect, wherein the gas storable volume of the hydrogen gas storage device is two times the gas storable volume of the oxygen gas storage device. It is characterized by double.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the hydrogen energy supply device according to the fourth aspect, the hydrogen gas storage device comprises a plurality of small-capacity hydrogen gas containers, and The gas storage device is composed of a plurality of small-capacity oxygen gas containers, each hydrogen gas container and each oxygen gas container is provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the gas pressure in the container, and each can be individually opened and closed remotely. A valve is provided, and each hydrogen gas container is connected in parallel via the individual on-off valve, and each oxygen gas container is connected in parallel via the individual on-off valve. It is assumed that.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hydrogen energy supply apparatus according to the seventh aspect, wherein each of the hydrogen gas containers and the oxygen gas containers is made of glass fiber or carbon fiber made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. This is characterized by being constituted by FRP strengthened by the above.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hydrogen energy supply apparatus according to the first or fourth aspect, wherein the hydrogen gas supply opening / closing valve in the hydrogen gas supply path is higher than the hydrogen gas supply opening / closing valve. Side, and a position closer to the water electrolysis cell than the oxygen gas deriving on-off valve in the oxygen gas deriving system, an isobar connected to the hydrogen gas deriving system and the oxygen gas deriving system is provided. In this isobar, a hydrogen gas chamber into which hydrogen gas is led from a hydrogen gas outlet line and an oxygen gas chamber from which oxygen gas is led from an oxygen gas outlet line are formed separately. And the oxygen gas chamber are configured such that the internal volume is relatively variable due to the pressure difference between the gases in the respective chambers, and each is set in a direction in which the gas differential pressure between the hydrogen gas chamber and the oxygen gas chamber becomes zero. Inside the gas chamber It is characterized in that the pressure of the pressure and the oxygen gas chamber of the hydrogen gas chamber is configured to be equal by which the product is changed.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the hydrogen energy supply device according to the ninth aspect, the hydrogen energy supply device is provided at a portion of the isobar which is displaced with a relative change in the internal volume of each chamber. Displacement detecting means for detecting a displacement amount of a portion and obtaining a difference between the hydrogen gas pressure and the oxygen gas pressure is provided.

The hydrogen energy supply apparatus according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention is the hydrogen energy supply apparatus according to the tenth aspect, wherein the space between the hydrogen gas chamber and the oxygen gas chamber in the isobar is stretchable or flexible. So that the inner volume of the hydrogen gas chamber and the inner volume of the oxygen gas chamber can be changed according to the differential pressure due to expansion or contraction or bending of the partition member or the partition structure. And the displacement detecting means detects expansion and contraction or bending of the partition member or partition structure.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the hydrogen energy supplying apparatus according to the eleventh aspect, the displacement detecting means also detects a maximum limit position of expansion and contraction or bending of the partition member. It is configured as follows.

A hydrogen energy supply device according to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention is the hydrogen energy supply device according to the fourth aspect, further comprising: A gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank for separating water from the hydrogen gas generated in the water electrolysis cell is provided, and a portion of the oxygen gas derivation system closer to the water electrolysis cell than the oxygen gas derivation on-off valve is provided with a water electrolysis cell. A gas-liquid separation oxygen tank for separating water from oxygen gas generated in the cell is provided.

A hydrogen energy supply device according to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention is the hydrogen energy supply device according to the thirteenth aspect, wherein the water level is detected in each of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank and the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank. Of the gas space on the water surface of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank based on the water level detection results of these water level detection means. It is characterized by comprising a water level adjusting means for adjusting the water level of at least one of these two tanks so as to be twice the volume.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hydrogen energy supply device according to the thirteenth aspect, wherein the hydrogen tank for gas-liquid separation, the oxygen tank for gas-liquid separation, and the high-pressure vessel are provided. , Made of FRP reinforced with aluminum or aluminum alloy by glass fiber or carbon fiber.

Further, the hydrogen energy supply device according to the invention of claim 16 is the hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the facility supplies electric power for electrolyzing water to the water electrolysis cell. It is characterized by having at least one of a solar power generation facility, a wind power generation facility, and a night power reception facility.

According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hydrogen energy supply device according to the first or fourth aspect, further comprising a fuel cell.

An eighteenth aspect of the present invention provides the hydrogen energy supply device according to the first or fourth aspect, wherein the hydrogen energy supply device is installed on the roof of a building.

A hydrogen energy supply device according to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention is the hydrogen energy supply device according to the first or fourth aspect, wherein the building is a gas station.

[0036]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0037]

FIG. 1 shows an example of a schematic overall configuration of a hydrogen energy supply device according to the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a water electrolysis cell for electrolyzing water to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The water electrolysis cell 1 is provided in a high-pressure vessel 3. The space outside the water electrolysis cell 1 in the high-pressure vessel 3 is filled with an electrically insulating liquid 5 such as pure water or silicone oil. Water separated by a gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 described later is supplied to a water supply port 1A of the water electrolysis cell 1 via a pump 9 and a water supply pipe 11, and the supplied water is supplied to the water electrolysis cell 1A. Electrolyzes to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The hydrogen gas outlet 1B of the water electrolysis cell 1 is connected to a gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 via a hydrogen outlet pipe 13, and the oxygen gas outlet 1C of the water electrolysis cell 1 is connected to the above-mentioned gas-liquid outlet via an oxygen outlet pipe 17. It is connected to the separation oxygen tank 7. Here, the hydrogen outflow pipe 13
Constitutes a part of the above-mentioned hydrogen gas lead-out system (portion on the side of the water electrolysis cell 1), and the oxygen outlet pipe 17 is a part of the above-mentioned oxygen gas lead-out system (part of the water electrolysis cell 1 side). Part). A portion of the oxygen outflow pipe 17 immersed in the high-pressure container 3, that is, a portion of the outer surface that comes into contact with the electrically insulating liquid 5, is a member having elasticity or flexibility that can expand and contract due to a pressure difference between the inside and outside. Alternatively, it is constituted by a flexible portion such as a structure such as a rubber film, a synthetic resin film, or a metal film, such as a flexible pipe 18.

The gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 is for separating and removing water flowing out of the hydrogen gas generated by the electrolysis of water in the water electrolysis cell 1 accompanying the hydrogen gas. The hydrogen tank 15 for gas-liquid separation is provided with a water level detecting means 19 for detecting the level of water separated in the tank. A water discharge pipe 21 is connected to the lower bottom of the hydrogen tank 15 for gas-liquid separation,
The water discharge pipe 21 is provided with an on-off valve 23 and a needle valve 25 as a flow control valve. On the other hand, the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 is for separating and removing undecomposed water flowing out together with the oxygen gas from oxygen gas generated by electrolysis of water in the water electrolysis cell 1. The oxygen tank for use 7 is also provided with a water level detecting means 27 for detecting the level of water separated in the tank. A water supply pipe 29 for newly supplying water from the outside to the tank 7 is connected to the oxygen tank 7 for gas-liquid separation, and the water supply pipe 29 is provided with a high-pressure pump 31 for water supply. The water supply pipe 11 for guiding water separated in the tank 7 to the water supply port 1A of the water electrolysis cell 1 is also connected to the lower bottom of the oxygen tank 7 for gas-liquid separation. The water supply pipe 11 is provided with a pump 9.

Further, a hydrogen gas outlet pipe 35 is connected to the hydrogen gas outlet 15A at the upper end of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 via an on-off valve 33.
Of the hydrogen gas storage device 3
9 Here, the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 35 is
It constitutes a downstream portion of the hydrogen gas outlet system.
The above-mentioned hydrogen gas storage device 39 is constituted by a plurality of small-capacity hydrogen gas containers 41-1, 41-2,..., 41-n. These hydrogen gas containers 41-1 to 41-1
Each gas injection / discharge port of 41-n is provided with an individually remotely controllable on-off valve 45-1 to 45-n, and these hydrogen gas containers 41-1 to 41-n are provided with the hydrogen gas containers 41-1 to 41-n. It is connected in parallel to the common supply pipe 47 via each of the on-off valves 45-1 to 45-n. And the common supply pipe 47
A supply opening / closing valve 49 is provided at the front end of the supply port.

An oxygen gas discharge pipe 53 is connected to an oxygen gas discharge port 7A at the upper end of the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 via an open / close valve 51. It is led to an oxygen gas storage device 57 via 55. Here, the oxygen gas outlet pipe 53 constitutes a downstream portion of the oxygen gas outlet line. The oxygen gas storage device 57 is constituted by a plurality of small-capacity oxygen gas containers 59-1, 59-2, ..., 59-n. These oxygen gas containers 59-1 to 59-
n respectively provided with on-off valves 63-1 to 63-n which can be remotely controlled, and these oxygen gas containers 59-1 to 59-n are provided with the respective open / close valves. It is connected in parallel to the common supply pipe 65 via the valves 63-1 to 63-n. A supply opening / closing valve 67 is provided at the end of the common supply pipe 65.

Further, a differential pressure is generated between the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 35 and the oxygen gas outlet pipe 53 between the hydrogen gas pressure on the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 35 side and the oxygen gas pressure on the oxygen gas outlet pipe 53 side. In addition, an equalizer 69 is provided for detecting the pressure difference and canceling the differential pressure to make the pressure equal mechanically and physically. A hydrogen gas chamber 71 into which hydrogen gas is introduced from the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 35 is provided in the isobar 69.
And an oxygen gas chamber 73 into which oxygen gas is led from the oxygen gas outlet pipe 53. And hydrogen gas chamber 7
1 and the oxygen gas chamber 73 are separated by an elastic or flexible partition member (or partition structure) 75 such as a bellows or bellows, and the gas in the hydrogen gas chamber 71 and the oxygen gas chamber 73 is separated. Partition member 7 by pressure difference
5 expands or contracts and hydrogen gas chamber 71 and oxygen gas chamber 7
The volume of 3 is relatively changed in the direction of reducing the gas pressure difference to zero, thereby making the pressures of both gas chambers 71 and 73 equal. Further, the partition member 75 is provided with a displacement detecting means 77 for detecting expansion and contraction or bending due to a difference between the two gas chambers 71 and 73.

The operation and function of the hydrogen energy supply device shown in FIG. 1 will be described below.

The water to be electrolyzed is supplied from the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 to the water electrolysis cell 1 in the high-pressure vessel 3 via the pump 9 and the water supply pipe 11. Here, a predetermined amount of water is previously injected into the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 through the water supply pipe 29 by the high-pressure pump 31 before the start of the electrolysis, and after the start of the electrolysis, as described later. Undecomposed water flows from the water electrolysis cell 1 together with the oxygen gas generated in the water electrolysis cell 1. In the water electrolysis cell 1, water is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas in a volume ratio of 2: 1. The hydrogen gas together with some accompanying water passes through a hydrogen outlet pipe 13 and a hydrogen tank for gas-liquid separation. Flow into 15,
In the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15, the water flowing along with the hydrogen gas is separated from the hydrogen gas, and the oxygen gas flows into the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 through the oxygen gas outlet pipe 17 together with the undecomposed water. Then, in the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7, undecomposed water flowing in together with the oxygen gas is separated from the oxygen gas. Therefore, the separated water accumulates in the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 and the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7, respectively. The water separated in the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 is returned to the water electrolysis cell 1.
To be subjected to electrolysis.

Here, the water level of the water stored in the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 is detected by the water level detection means 19, and the water level of the water stored in the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 is detected by the water level detection means. 27. On the basis of these water level detection results, the gas-liquid separation tank is designed such that the volume of the space above the water surface in the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 is twice the volume of the space above the water surface in the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7. The water levels in the hydrogen tank 15 and the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 are controlled. Specifically, opening and closing of the on-off valve 23 and the needle valve 25 of the water drainage pipe 12 of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15,
The volume of the space above the water surface of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 is controlled by controlling the opening degree and controlling the drainage of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15. Alternatively, the pump 31 is operated to supply water into the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 to raise the water level of the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7. Thus, the ratio of the volume of the space above the water surface of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 to the volume of the space above the water surface of the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 is 2:
By controlling to be 1, the gas pressures in the hydrogen tank 15 for gas-liquid separation and the oxygen tank 7 for gas-liquid separation of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas generated at a volume ratio of 2: 1 are controlled to be equal. As a result, the gas pressure on the hydrogen gas generation side and the gas pressure on the oxygen gas generation side in the water electrolysis cell 1 can be controlled to be equal. Here,
The on-off valve 23 and the needle valve 25 on the discharge side of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 constitute a water level adjusting means according to the invention of claim 12, and the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7
The pump 31 on the water inflow side also serves as a water level adjusting means and a water replenishing means.

Further, in the high-pressure vessel 3, a part of the oxygen outflow pipe 17 is constituted by a flexible portion composed of a flexible pipe 18, and this flexible pipe 18 is connected to the pressure in the pipe (ie, the oxygen gas pressure) and the pipe. Since it expands and contracts due to the difference from the outside pressure (that is, the pressure of the electrically insulating liquid 5), it has the function of adjusting the pressure inside and outside the pipe to be equal. Here, since the pressure inside the flexible pipe 18 is substantially equal to the pressure inside the water electrolysis cell 1, the presence of the flexible pipe 18 causes the pressure inside the water electrolysis cell 1 and the pressure inside the electrically insulating liquid 5 outside. The pressure is adjusted to be equal. Therefore, the water electrolysis cell 1
It is possible to prevent a leak from occurring in the seal portion of the water electrolysis cell 1 due to a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the water electrolysis cell.

On the other hand, the hydrogen gas separated from the water in the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 is guided to the hydrogen gas chamber 71 of the equalizer 69 by the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 35 with the on-off valve 33 opened, and is further opened and closed. When the valve 37 is opened, it is led to the hydrogen gas storage device 39. Similarly, the oxygen gas separated from the water in the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 is guided to the oxygen gas chamber 73 of the equalizer 69 by the oxygen gas outlet pipe 53 with the on-off valve 51 opened, When 55 is opened, it is led to the oxygen gas storage device 57.

Here, in the isobar 69, a partition member (or partition structure) having flexibility or elasticity is used.
75 expands or contracts in accordance with the difference between the gas pressure on the hydrogen gas chamber 71 side and the gas pressure on the oxygen gas chamber 73 side, whereby the hydrogen gas pressure on the hydrogen gas chamber 71 side and the oxygen gas chamber 7
The oxygen gas pressure on the third side is controlled to be equal. Further, in the isobar 69, a differential pressure is generated between the hydrogen gas pressure and the oxygen gas pressure before the equal pressure due to the position of expansion and contraction or bending of the partition member 75 (the amount of displacement from the initial equal pressure equilibrium position). That is, it can be detected that a difference has occurred between the pressure of the hydrogen gas and the pressure of the oxygen gas introduced from the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 and the oxygen tank 7. Then, based on the detection result, the water level of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 or the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 is adjusted by the water level adjusting means as described above, and the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 and By controlling the gas pressure in the oxygen tank 7 to be equal, the position of the partition member 75 of the equalizer 69 can be returned to the initial equilibrium position.

Here, there is a structural limit to the expansion and contraction or bending of the partition member 75, and the hydrogen gas chamber 71 and the oxygen gas chamber 73 exceed the limit position (the maximum displacement position).
And the pressure difference cannot be detected, but conversely, if it is detected that the limit position has been reached, it is difficult to control the system to equal pressure. Therefore, in that case, as will be described later, control is performed such that the gas on the high pressure side is released into the atmosphere from either the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 35 or the oxygen gas outlet pipe 53. can do.

In the hydrogen gas storage device 39, the on-off valves 45-1 to 45-1 are opened with the hydrogen gas outlet on-off valve 37 opened.
45-n, for example, on-off valve 45
When -1 is opened, the hydrogen gas is introduced into the hydrogen gas container 41-1 corresponding to the on-off valve 45-1 until the pressure becomes equal to the hydrogen gas pressure in the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 (however, The hydrogen gas container 41-1 is charged and stored with hydrogen gas (limited to the maximum allowable storage pressure or less of the gas container). Then, in the same manner, each hydrogen gas container 41-2 to
41-n can be filled and stored with hydrogen gas. On the other hand, also in the oxygen gas storage container 57, the on-off valves 63-1 to 63-
When one of the open / close valves of n, for example, the open / close valve 63-1 is opened, the oxygen gas is led to the oxygen gas container 59-1, and the oxygen gas pressure and the equal pressure in the oxygen tank 7 for gas-liquid separation are reduced. Oxygen gas is filled and stored in the oxygen gas container 59-1 until it becomes (but is limited to the maximum allowable storage pressure of the oxygen gas container or less).
2-59-n can be filled and stored with oxygen gas.

On the other hand, when the hydrogen gas is supplied from the hydrogen gas storage device 39 to the location where the hydrogen gas is used, the supply opening / closing valve 49 on the hydrogen gas side is connected to a gas container or the like on the usage side.
With the outlet on-off valve 37 closed, the hydrogen gas container 41-1
To 41-n, for example, by opening the on-off valve 45-1 corresponding to the hydrogen gas container 41-1 and opening the supply on-off valve 49, the pressure in the gas container on the use side can be increased. Until the pressure becomes equal to the pressure in the hydrogen gas container 41-1.

Here, each of the hydrogen gas containers 41-1 to 41-
n can independently supply hydrogen gas to the use side by the on-off valves 45-1 to 45-n. Therefore, the filling pressure of hydrogen gas into the gas container on the use side can be increased as much as possible. That is, for example, the three supply-side hydrogen gas containers 41-1 to 41-3 are set to the same pressure (for example, the pressure is set to "1"), and the supply-side hydrogen gas containers 41-1 to 41-1 are set to the same pressure. It is assumed that the internal volumes of 41-3 are the same as the internal volumes of the gas containers on the usage side. When the hydrogen gas is simultaneously guided from the three supply-side hydrogen gas containers 41-1 to 41-3 to one use-side gas container in parallel, one supply-side gas container and three supply-side gas containers are supplied. Hydrogen gas can be supplied to the use side gas container only until the pressures of the side gas containers 41-1 to 41-3 are all the same. In this case, it can be considered that the hydrogen gas in the three gas containers each having a pressure of “1” has been redistributed to the four gas containers, so that the pressure of the use side gas container is “3/4”. become. Of course, the pressure of each of the three supply-side gas containers also becomes “３”. On the other hand, without opening the on-off valves 45-1 to 45-3 at the same time, the first on-off valve 45-1 is first opened and the hydrogen gas in the first gas container 41-1 on the supply side is used on the use side. The hydrogen gas in the second hydrogen gas container 41-2 on the supply side is supplied to the gas side, and then the first on-off valve 45-1 is closed and the second on-off valve 45-2 is opened to release the hydrogen gas in the second hydrogen gas container 41-2 on the supply side. The hydrogen gas in the third hydrogen gas container 41-3 on the supply side is used by closing the second on-off valve 45-2 and opening the third on-off valve 45-3. In the first stage, the gas container on the use side can be filled with hydrogen gas to a pressure of "1/2" in the first stage, and in the next stage, the gas container pressure on the use side becomes "1". / 2 "
And the pressure of the second gas container 41-2 on the supply side is "1".
To start from the state of "(1 + 1/2) /
The hydrogen gas can be charged to the working gas container to a pressure of 2 ", ie" 3/4 ", and in the last stage the working gas container pressure is" 3/4 "and the third on the supply side Starts from the state where the pressure of the gas container 41-3 is “1”, “(1 + 3/4) / 2”, that is, “7 /
Hydrogen gas can be filled into the use side gas container up to a pressure of 8 ″. Therefore, the three gas containers 41− on the supply side can be filled.
It is possible to fill up to a high pressure of "7/8" as compared with the pressure "3/4" when the liquids are simultaneously supplied in parallel from 1-41-3. In this way, while the respective hydrogen gas containers 41-1 to 41-n on the supply side are connected in parallel, the respective hydrogen gas containers 41-1 to 41-n are connected to the respective on-off valves 45-1 to 45-n. Can be opened and closed independently of each other, and as described above, each hydrogen gas container 41-1 to 41-n
By supplying the hydrogen gas in small batches one by one without supplying the hydrogen gas all at once, the gas container on the use side can be charged at a higher pressure.

Although only the hydrogen gas side has been described here, it goes without saying that the oxygen gas side can similarly be supplied and filled with oxygen gas in the gas container or the like on the use side.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show an embodiment in which the hydrogen energy supply device shown in FIG. 1 is embodied more. 2 and 3 show one embodiment divided into two parts due to the restriction of the size of the drawing, and FIG. 3 is continuous with the upper end of FIG. In FIGS. 2 and 3, the same elements as those shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

2 and 3, the high-pressure vessel 3 is made of a lightweight and high-rigidity material such as FRP reinforced with aluminum or an aluminum alloy by glass fiber or carbon fiber in a closed structure.
A water electrolysis cell 1 is provided therein, and the high-pressure vessel 3
The space inside the water electrolysis cell 1 inside is filled with an electrically insulating liquid 5 such as pure water or silicon oil.

The water electrolysis cell 1 is configured as follows. That is, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 101 is provided at the center, and porous Pt electrodes 103A and 103B are formed on one surface and the other surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 101 by electroless plating or the like. .
Further, on one Pt electrode 103A side, a porous layer 105A made of, for example, sponge-like titanium, a cathode plate 107A, and an end insulating plate 109A are laminated in this order, and on the other Pt electrode 103B side, for example, a spongy-like A porous layer 105B made of titanium, an anode plate 107B, and an end insulating plate 109B are stacked in this order. The entire stacked state of these layers is fixed by screw rods 111A and 111B. It is held in the container 3. Note that the outer peripheral sides of the porous layers 105A and 105B are surrounded by side insulating plates 115A and 115B that hermetically seal the porous layers 105A and 105B, respectively. Further, in the lower part of the water electrolysis cell 1,
A water supply pipe 11 is inserted from outside the high-pressure vessel 3, and the tip of the water supply pipe 11 reaches the porous layer 105 </ b> B of the anode plate in the water electrolysis cell 1. On the other hand, at the upper part of the water electrolysis cell 1, an inlet-side oxygen outlet pipe 17A is drawn out of the porous layer 105B on the anode side inside the water electrolysis cell 1, and the diameter of the oxygen outlet pipe 17A is changed due to a pressure difference between the inside and the outside. It is connected to one end of a flexible pipe 18 as a flexible portion made of an elastic or flexible member or structure such as a rubber film, a synthetic resin film, or a metal film that can bend in the direction of expansion or contraction. The flexible pipe 18 is immersed in the electrically insulating liquid 5 in the high-pressure vessel 3 and the other end is connected to an outlet-side oxygen outlet pipe 17B, and the outlet-side oxygen outlet pipe 17B is connected to the high-pressure vessel 3
Of the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 to be described later.
It is connected to the. In the upper part of the water electrolysis cell 1,
A hydrogen gas outflow pipe 13 is drawn out of the porous layer 105A on the cathode side inside the water electrolysis cell 1, and the hydrogen gas outflow pipe 13 is led to the outside of the high-pressure vessel 3 and is supplied to the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15. It is connected.

A supply pipe 117 for supplying the electrically insulating liquid 5 into the container is connected to the upper end of the high-pressure container 3.
The supply pipe 117 is provided with an on-off valve 119.
A discharge pipe 121 for discharging the electrically insulating liquid from the inside of the container is connected to the lower end of the high-pressure vessel 3.
An on-off valve 123 is provided at 21. Further, on the outer surface of the high-pressure vessel 3, a pair of current introduction terminals 125A and 125B for introducing a current for water electrolysis into the cathode plate 107A and the anode plate 107B are provided. A pressure gauge 127 for detecting the pressure in the high-pressure vessel 3 is provided above the high-pressure vessel 3.

The gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 is made of a lightweight and highly rigid material such as FRP in which aluminum or an aluminum alloy is reinforced by carbon fiber or glass fiber. The gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 is for separating undecomposed water accompanying the oxygen gas generated and guided in the water electrolysis cell 1 from the oxygen gas as described above. Also serves as a water storage tank for supplying water to be electrolyzed in the water electrolysis cell 1. That is,
A water supply pipe 29 is connected to a lower side surface of the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7, and an on-off valve 129, a water supply high-pressure pump 31, and a filter 131 are connected to the water supply pipe 29 in this order from the upstream side to the downstream side. Is provided. Further, as described above, the outlet-side oxygen outlet pipe 17 from the water electrolysis cell 1
B is connected to the lower side surface of the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7. Further, a water supply pipe 11B is connected to a lower bottom portion of the oxygen tank 7 for gas-liquid separation, and the water supply pipe 11B is connected to a water exchanger via a pump 133, an ion exchange resin 135, and a heat exchanger 137 for cooling water. Water supply pipe 11A on the side of electrolysis cell 1
It is connected to the. An oxygen gas outlet 7A is formed at the upper end of the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7, and the oxygen gas outlet 7A is connected to the oxygen gas outlet 7A through an on-off valve 51.
Is connected. Further, a float guide rod 139 is provided vertically inside the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7, and the float guide rod 139 extends along the float guide rod 139.
1 moves up and down according to the water surface 143 in the tank 7. While the magnet 141 is provided on the float 141, the float guide rod 139 is provided.
The magnetic detection array 1 for detecting the magnetic force of the magnet 143
45 are arranged along the up-down direction. The float guide rod 139, the float 141, the magnet 143, and the magnetic sensor array 145 constitute a water level detecting unit 27 on the oxygen tank side. A pressure gauge 147 for detecting the oxygen gas pressure in the tank is provided above the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7.

On the other hand, the hydrogen tank 15 for gas-liquid separation is also made of a lightweight and highly rigid material such as FRP similar to the oxygen tank 7. The gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 is for separating water accompanying the hydrogen gas generated and guided in the water electrolysis cell 1 from the hydrogen gas as described above. On the lower side of the tank 15,
As described above, the hydrogen outlet pipe 13 led from the water electrolysis cell 1 is connected. Further, inside the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15, similarly to the oxygen tank 7, a water level detecting means 19 including a float guide rod 149, a float 151, a magnet 153, and a magnetic sensor array 155 is provided. A water discharge pipe 21 is connected to the lower bottom of the hydrogen tank 15 for gas-liquid separation. Connected to the upper end. Further, a pressure gauge 15 for detecting the hydrogen gas pressure in the tank is provided above the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15.
9 is provided, and a hydrogen gas outlet 15A is formed at the upper end of the hydrogen tank 15 for gas-liquid separation. The hydrogen gas outlet 15A is
5 is connected.

In the buffer tank 157, a water level detecting means 167 comprising a float guide rod 159, a float 161, a magnet 163, and a magnetic sensor array 165, like the oxygen tank 7 for gas-liquid separation and the hydrogen tank 15.
Is provided. A water discharge pipe 169 is connected to the lower bottom of the buffer tank 157, and the water discharge pipe 1
The 69 is provided with a needle valve 171 and an on-off valve 173. Furthermore, in the upper part of the buffer tank 157,
A pressure gauge 175 for detecting the hydrogen gas pressure in the tank 157 is provided, and a gas outlet pipe 177 is connected. The gas outlet pipe 177 has an opening / closing valve 179, a needle valve 181, and a gas flow meter 183. Is provided.

An equalizer 69 is provided between the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 35 and the oxygen gas outlet pipe 53. The isobar 69 is formed so as to have a hollow cylindrical shape as a whole. A hydrogen gas chamber 71 into which hydrogen gas is introduced from the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 35 through a branch pipe 185 is provided at one end. An oxygen gas chamber 73 into which oxygen gas is introduced from the oxygen gas outlet pipe 53 via a branch pipe 187 is formed at the other end. And the hydrogen gas chamber 71
A peripheral portion between the oxygen gas chamber 73 and the oxygen gas chamber 73 is partitioned by an annular flange plate 189, and a differential pressure receiving chamber 191 is provided inside the flange plate 189. By hydrogen gas chamber 7
1 and the oxygen gas chamber 73 are isolated. The differential pressure receiving chamber 191 has an elastic bellows (bellows) 193A whose base end is fixed to the inner edge portion of the flange plate 189 and protrudes cylindrically toward the hydrogen gas chamber 71, and the bellows body 193.
A end plate 195A that closes the tip of A, and flange plate 1
An elastic bellows (bellows) 1 whose base end is fixed to the inner edge portion of 89 and protrudes cylindrically toward the oxygen gas chamber 73.
93B and an end plate 19 for closing the tip of the bellows body 193B
5B, a position bar 197 provided to connect between the center of the inner surface of the end plate 195A on the hydrogen gas chamber side and the center of the inner surface of the end plate 195B on the oxygen gas chamber, and both side surfaces of the position bar 197. A pair of microswitches 199A, 1
99B and an incompressible and electrically insulating liquid 2 such as silicon oil or pure water filled in the internal space of the differential pressure receiving chamber 191.
01.

Here, one side of the position bar 197 has, for example, a sawtooth continuous signal generator 20 on one half thereof.
3A is formed, an end signal generating portion 203C having an inclined wall shape is formed at the other end of one half, and the other side of the position bar 197 is provided with one half thereof (but the signal On one half side opposite to the generator 203B), for example, a sawtooth-shaped continuous signal generator 203B is formed.
The other half-side end has an inclined wall-shaped end signal generator 203.
D is formed. And one microswitch 1
The micro switch 199 and the other microswitch 199 so that the leading end operating portion (roller portion) of 99A can contact one of the sawtooth continuous signal generating portions 203A and the end signal generating portion 203C.
B is configured such that the leading end operating section (roller section) can abut on the other sawtooth continuous signal generating section 203B and end signal generating section 203D. The bellows body 193
A and 193B correspond to the partition member (or partition structure) 75 in the configuration shown in FIG. 1, and the signal generating portions 203A, 203B, 203C and 203D of the position bar 197 and the micro switches 199A and 199B are also the same as those in FIG.
Corresponds to the displacement detecting means 77 in the configuration shown in FIG.

A hydrogen gas discharge pipe 205 branches off from the middle of the hydrogen gas discharge pipe 35. The hydrogen gas discharge pipe 205 has a needle valve 207, an on-off valve 20.
9 and a gas flow meter 211 are provided. An oxygen gas discharge pipe 213 is similarly branched from the middle of the oxygen gas discharge pipe 53.
Is provided with a needle valve 215, an on-off valve 217 and a gas flow meter 219.

Further, the leading end of the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 35 is connected to the common supply pipe 4 of the hydrogen gas storage device 39 via an on-off valve 33, a needle valve 221, and a gas flow meter 223.
7 and the common supply pipe 47 has FR
On-off valves 45-1, 45-2,... Capable of remotely controlling a plurality of small-capacity hydrogen gas containers 41-1, 41-2,. ... 45
-N. Oxygen gas outlet pipe 5
3 is connected to a common supply pipe 65 of the oxygen gas storage device 57 via an on-off valve 55, a needle valve 225 and a gas flow meter 227.
, A plurality of small-capacity oxygen gas containers 59-1, 59-2,.
... On-off valves 63-1, 63 that can be remotely operated by 59-n
,... 63-n. Here, each hydrogen gas container 41-1, 41-2,...
41-n indicates that the volume of each oxygen gas container 59-1, 59
−2,..., Twice the volume of 59-n,
Therefore, the entire storable volume of the hydrogen storage device 39 is also:
The total storage capacity of the oxygen storage device 57 is twice as large. Each hydrogen gas container 41-1, 41-2,...
..41-n and oxygen gas containers 59-1 and 59-
, 59-n have pressure sensors 43-1, 43-2,... For detecting the internal gas pressure, respectively.
... 43-n; 61-1, 61-2, ... 61
-N is provided. And each common supply pipe 47,6
Supply opening / closing valves 49 and 67 are respectively provided at the tip end of 5, and the outlet sides of these supply opening / closing valves 49 and 67 are respectively led to a hydrogen gas use location and an oxygen gas use location.

2 and 3, reference numeral 229 denotes a power supply for supplying a current for water electrolysis to the water electrolysis cell 1. This power supply 229 has its output side connected to the high-pressure vessel 3 described above. Current terminals 125A, 12
5B. The power supply device 229 is controlled by the control device 231. The control device 231 includes not only the power supply device 229 but also
It controls each on-off valve and needle valve, and each water level detecting means, each pressure gauge (pressure sensor), and the
9 displacement detection means (micro switches 199A, 199
The control operation is performed according to the signal from B).

The operation and function of the apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 will be described below.

An oxygen tank for gas-liquid separation is
7 from water supply pipe 11B, pump 133, ion exchange tree
Through the oil 135, the heat exchanger 137, and the water supply pipe 11A.
The water to be decomposed is a porous layer 105 made of spongy titanium.
B. In the oxygen tank 7 for gas-liquid separation,
Opening / closing valve 129, high-pressure water pump 3
1 and a predetermined amount of water is injected through the filter 131
ing. Anode plate 109B and cathode plate in water electrolysis cell 1
109A, the power supply device 229 supplies the current introduction terminal 125
A positive voltage and a negative voltage are applied through B and 125A. Sun
The positive voltage applied to the electrode plate 109B causes
Electrode 103B through the porous layer 105B made of
Is applied with a positive voltage, and water in the porous layer 105B
In electrode 103B, 2H_TwoO → O_Two+ 4H⁺ Reaction formula
Oxygen gas O_TwoAnd hydrogen ion 4H⁺ Decomposed into
You. Hydrogen ions (4H
⁺) Passes through the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 101 and the other P
It reaches t electrode 103A. Here, the cathode plate 109A is marked.
Porous material consisting of sea-like titanium due to the applied negative voltage
The Pt electrode 103A becomes a negative voltage through the film 105A.
Hydrogen ions that have reached the Pt electrode 103A
(4H⁺ ) Is 2H_TwoAnd hydrogen gas is generated.

The hydrogen gas thus generated is introduced into the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 through the hydrogen gas outflow pipe 13. At this time, a small amount of water is introduced into the tank 15 along with the hydrogen gas. However, the water is separated in the tank 15 and the hydrogen gas accumulates in the upper part of the tank 15.

On the other hand, oxygen gas generated at the Pt electrode 103B of the water electrolysis cell 1 is discharged from the porous layer 105B made of sea-like titanium together with undecomposed water to the oxygen outflow pipe 1B.
The gas is led to the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 via the flexible pipe 7A, the flexible pipe 18, and the oxygen outlet pipe 17B. Undecomposed water is separated in the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7, and oxygen gas accumulates in the upper part of the tank 7.

Here, in the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15, the float 151 of the water level detecting means 19 moves up and down with the displacement of the water surface, and the position of the magnet 153 provided on the float 151 is Since it changes with respect to the sensor array 155, the water level in the hydrogen tank 15 can be detected by the magnetic sensor array 155. Similarly, in the oxygen tank 7 for gas-liquid separation, the magnetic tank
The water level inside can be detected. Then, based on these detection results, the internal volume from the water surface of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 to the lead-out opening / closing valve 33 (mainly the hydrogen tank 15
Of the oxygen tank 7 for gas-liquid separation and the internal volume of the oxygen tank 7 for gas-liquid separation (mainly the volume of the oxygen tank 7 on the water surface) is 2:
The position (water level) of the water surface 146 of the hydrogen tank 15 and the water surface 144 of the oxygen tank 7 is controlled so as to be 1. Specifically, the on-off valve 23 of the water discharge pipe 21 of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 is opened, and water is discharged from the hydrogen tank 15 while adjusting the discharge flow rate by the needle valve 25, or the gas-liquid separation is performed. Opening / closing valve 12 from water supply pipe 29 to oxygen tank 7
9. Replenish water through the water supply high-pressure pump 31 and the filter 131.

By controlling the ratio of the volume on the water surface of the hydrogen tank 15 to the volume on the water surface of the oxygen tank 7 to be 2: 1 as described above, the volume ratio of the water electrolysis cell 1 to 2: 1 is increased. The pressures of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas generated in the above can be made equal. That is, the hydrogen gas pressure on the side of the hydrogen tank 15 and the oxygen gas pressure on the side of the oxygen tank 7 can be controlled to be equal pressure, which means that the water electrolysis connected to the hydrogen tank 15 and the oxygen tank 7 can be controlled. In the cell 1, the hydrogen pressure on the porous layer 105A side and the oxygen pressure on the porous layer 105B side become equal pressure, and the pressure on both sides of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 101 becomes equal pressure. It means that no differential pressure is applied to 101. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent the fragile solid polymer electrolyte membrane 101 having low mechanical strength from being broken by the differential pressure.

In the high-pressure vessel 3, the flexible pipe 18 between the oxygen outlet pipes 17A and 17B expands or contracts in accordance with the difference between the pressure of the oxygen gas flowing through the inside thereof and the pressure of the outside electrically insulating liquid 5. Thereby, the pressure inside and outside is adjusted to be equal. Since the oxygen gas pressure and the hydrogen gas pressure are controlled to be equal as described above, the pressure of the electrically insulating liquid 5 (therefore, the pressure around the water electrolysis cell 1) and the hydrogen gas pressure (porous Layer 10
5A) and the oxygen gas pressure (the pressure in the porous layer 105B) are all controlled to be equal. Therefore, no pressure difference between the inside and outside is applied to the sealing portions of the side insulating plates 115A and 115B, and hydrogen gas and oxygen gas leak from the sealing portions to the outside of the water electrolysis cell 1 due to the pressure difference. On the contrary, it is possible to effectively prevent the electrically insulating liquid from entering the inside of the water electrolysis cell 1 from the sealed portions.

As described above, when the hydrogen gas pressure on the side of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 and the oxygen gas pressure on the side of the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 are controlled to be equal pressure,
Since the hydrogen gas pressure in the hydrogen gas chamber 71 and the oxygen gas pressure in the oxygen gas chamber 73 are equal, the isobar 69 does not change. That is, the bellows 193A on the side of the hydrogen gas chamber 71 and the bellows 193B on the side of the oxygen gas chamber 73 maintain the same length, and the position bar 197 also maintains the neutral position. No signal is generated. However, if the electrolysis of water proceeds, the water in the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank 7 is consumed, and some water is added to the hydrogen gas generated by the electrolysis of water in the water electrolysis cell 1. Is a hydrogen tank for gas-liquid separation 1
5, the hydrogen gas pressure on the water surface of the hydrogen tank 15 increases, while the oxygen gas pressure on the water surface of the oxygen tank 7 tends to decrease. Shows a tendency to become relatively large with respect to the pressure of the oxygen gas chamber 73, and the bellows 193A on the side of the hydrogen gas chamber 71 contracts, while the bellows 1 on the side of the oxygen gas chamber 73 contracts.
93B is elongated, and the bellows bodies 193A, 19
The position bar 197 connecting between 3B moves to the oxygen gas chamber 73 side, and the roller of one micro switch 199B abuts on the teeth of the continuous signal generating section 203B of the position bar 197, and the micro rod is proportional to the amount of movement. The switch 199B outputs a contact signal pulse. When a pulse is output from one of the microswitches 199B in this manner, the pulse is transmitted to the control device 231 and the position bar 197 is returned to a substantially initial equal pressure equilibrium position (center position) by a command from the control device 231. Until the water level in the hydrogen tank 15 for gas-liquid separation or the water level in the oxygen tank 7 is adjusted. Specifically, for example, the on-off valve 23 is opened to discharge the water in the hydrogen tank 15 to the buffer tank 157 side, and the hydrogen tank 1
The water level of the oxygen tank 7 is increased by lowering the water level of the water tank 5 or opening the on-off valve 129 and operating the water supply high-pressure pump 31 to supply water to the oxygen tank 7. As a result, the volume on the water surface of the hydrogen tank 15 increases or the volume on the water surface of the oxygen tank 7 decreases, and the hydrogen gas chamber 71 and the oxygen gas chamber
3, when the position bar 197 returns to the initial equal-pressure equilibrium position (center position) and one pulse is output from the other microswitch 199A (therefore, the position bar 197 is almost at the initial position). When returning to the equal pressure equilibrium position), the water level adjustment operation as described above is stopped. At this time, the pressures in the hydrogen gas chamber 71 and the oxygen gas chamber 73 are substantially equal, and, of course, the hydrogen gas pressure in the hydrogen tank 15 and the oxygen gas pressure in the oxygen tank 7 are also substantially equal. In this way, if a pressure difference is generated between the hydrogen gas pressure and the oxygen gas pressure during the electrolysis of water, the pressure difference is detected by the isobar 69, and based on the detection result, the gas pressure is detected. The water level of the liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 or the oxygen tank 7 is adjusted so that the hydrogen gas pressure and the oxygen gas pressure are controlled to be substantially equal. Here, whether the water level of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 is adjusted or the water level of the oxygen tank 7 is adjusted when a differential pressure is generated,
Both tanks 1 detected by water level detecting means 17 and 27
What is necessary is just to select and determine by the control apparatus 231 according to the water level data of 5 and 7.

As described above, while maintaining the gas pressures of the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 and the oxygen tank 7 at equal pressures,
Each gas pressure can be increased. The actual gas pressures in the hydrogen tank 15 and the oxygen tank 7 are measured by pressure sensors 159 and 147, respectively, and the pressure data is transmitted to the control device 231. When the gas pressure in the hydrogen tank 15 and the oxygen tank 7 exceeds the pressure in the hydrogen gas container 41-1 in the hydrogen storage device 39 and the pressure in the oxygen gas container 59-1 in the oxygen storage layer 57, the supply start valves 33 and 55 and the open / close valve 45-1 and 63-1 are opened, and hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are respectively supplied to the hydrogen gas container 4.
1-1, send to oxygen gas container 59-1 to fill and store. When the pressure of the hydrogen gas container 41-1 and the oxygen gas container 59-1 detected by the pressure sensors 43-1 and 61-1 reach the maximum value of the allowable storage pressure, the on-off valve 45-
1, 63-1 is closed, and the filling and storing of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas in the hydrogen gas container 41-1 and the oxygen gas container 59-1 are stopped. In addition, hydrogen gas containers that can be stored,
If there is an acid gas container, that is, if there is a hydrogen gas container or an oxygen gas container having an internal pressure higher than the gas pressure of the hydrogen tank 15 and the oxygen tank 7 and lower than the storage allowable pressure, the hydrogen gas container, the oxygen gas container The on / off valve corresponding to the above is opened, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are charged and stored in the gas containers in the same manner as described above, and then the supply on / off valves 33 and 5 are supplied.
You only have to close 5.

As described above, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are sent from the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 and the oxygen tank 7 to the hydrogen gas container of the hydrogen gas storage device 39 and the oxygen gas container of the oxygen gas storage device 57, respectively. In the meantime, the flow rates of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas flowing through the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 35 and the oxygen gas outlet pipe 53 are constantly monitored by the gas flow meters 223 and 227, and the needle valve is set so that the flow ratio becomes 2: 1. The opening degrees of 221 and 225 are adjusted, whereby the pressures of the gas-liquid hydrogen tank 15 and the oxygen tank 7 are maintained at the same pressure. However, it is actually difficult to correctly control the flow ratio to 2: 1 and it is unavoidable that a slight error occurs. When an error occurs in the flow rate ratio as described above, a pressure difference occurs between the hydrogen gas pressure and the oxygen gas pressure. In this case, depending on the state of the pressure difference, the equalizer 69 is used.
Of the bellows 193A and 193B of the micro switch 197A and 199B, and the position bar 197 moves in either direction, thereby generating a pulse from one of the microswitches 199A and 199B. It is transmitted to the controller 231 and the opening of the needle valves 221 and 225 is readjusted, and the flow ratio is readjusted. This readjustment
The operation is performed until the other of the microswitches 199A and 199B outputs one pulse (the position bar 197 returns to the almost equal pressure equilibrium position, that is, the position returned to the center position). And the pressure on the side of the oxygen gas chamber 73 is controlled to a state in which substantially no pressure difference exists, that is, a state in which the pressure difference between the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 and the oxygen tank 7 is substantially eliminated. Become.

Here, when the above-mentioned flow rate ratio deviates greatly from 2: 1, the pressure difference between the hydrogen gas pressure and the oxygen gas pressure becomes large, and as a result, the bellows bodies 193A, 193B Stretching may reach its limit. In addition, the difference between the hydrogen gas pressure and the oxygen gas pressure may increase for some reason, and the expansion and contraction of the bellows bodies 193A and 193B in the isobar 69 may reach the limit as described above. In this case, the expansion and contraction limit positions of the bellows bodies 193A and 193B (position bar 197)
At the movement limit position), the contact signals are output from both microswitches 199A and 199B. For example, when the pressure in the oxygen gas chamber 73 becomes significantly higher than the pressure in the hydrogen gas chamber 71 and the position bar 197 reaches the limit position of movement toward the hydrogen gas chamber 71, the roller of the microswitch 199A is continuously operated. The roller of the microswitch 199B contacts the signal generating unit 203A and the roller of the microswitch 199B contacts the end signal generating unit 203D.
A, 199B output a contact signal. Conversely, the pressure in the hydrogen gas chamber 71 becomes significantly higher than the pressure in the oxygen gas chamber 73, and the position bar 197 is moved to the oxygen gas chamber 7.
When the micro switch 199A reaches the limit position for movement to the side 3, the roller of the micro switch 199A comes into contact with the end signal generation unit 203C and the roller of the micro switch 199B comes into contact with the continuous signal generation unit 203B.
The contact signal is output from 199B. When the contact signals are output from both the micro switches 199A and 199B, the power supply device 2
29 is shut off to stop the electrolysis of water in the water electrolysis cell 1, and the lead-out on-off valves 33 and 55 and on-off valves 45-1 and 63-1 are closed. If the hydrogen gas pressure is excessive, the hydrogen gas discharge pipe 205
The on-off valve 209 is opened to release hydrogen gas into the atmosphere, and the pressure on the hydrogen gas side is reduced. This release of hydrogen gas causes the position bar 197 to move in the return direction and one of the microswitches 199A to move away from the end signal generation unit 203C to output no contact signal. Then, the microswitch 199A continuously generates a signal. This is continued until one pulse is output from the end of the portion 203A on the center side of the position bar, that is, until the position bar 197 has returned to the substantially initial equal pressure equilibrium position. On the other hand, when the oxygen gas pressure is excessive, the on-off valve 217 of the oxygen gas discharge pipe 213 is opened to release the oxygen gas into the atmosphere.
Reduce the pressure on the oxygen gas side. This release of oxygen gas
The position bar 197 moves in the return direction and the micro switch 1
99B is separated from the end signal generation unit 203D and does not output a contact signal.
99B is output from the end of the continuous signal generating section 203B on the center side of the position bar, where one pulse is output, that is, the position bar 197 is almost returned to the initial equal pressure equilibrium position. By such a gas releasing operation, the pressure on the hydrogen gas side and the pressure on the oxygen gas side are adjusted to the same pressure again. Thereafter, unless there is any inconvenience such as a failure, the power supply device 229 is operated again, and The electrolysis of water in the electrolytic cell 1 is started.

As described above, the supply flow ratios of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas to the respective hydrogen gas containers of the hydrogen gas storage device 39 and the respective oxygen gas containers of the oxygen gas storage device 57 greatly deviated from the value of 2: 1. If a large pressure difference is generated between the hydrogen gas side pressure and the oxygen gas side pressure due to the above, a large pressure difference is applied to both sides of the fragile solid polymer electrolyte membrane 101 in the water electrolysis cell 1. However, in this embodiment, the state of the differential pressure generation is determined by the microswitch 19 of the equalizer 69 as described above.
9A, 199B, the control is performed early to control the pressure on the hydrogen gas side and the oxygen gas side to equal pressure.
It is possible to prevent the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 101 from being broken by an excessive pressure difference.

The hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas are supplied from the respective hydrogen gas storage devices 41-1 to 41-n of the hydrogen gas storage device 39 and the respective oxygen gas 59-1 to 59-n of the oxygen gas storage device 57 to the point of use. In doing so, the same operation as described for the configuration in FIG. 1 may be performed.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 as described above, the flexible portion interposed in the oxygen outlet system (oxygen outflow pipes 17A and 17B) in the high-pressure vessel 3 is provided.
Flexible pipe 1 made entirely of tubular flexible material
8 is used, it is sufficient that the surface in contact with the electrically insulating liquid 5 in the high-pressure container 3 is made of a flexible material or a stretchable material. Of course, only one surface may be formed in a box shape formed of a flexible material such as rubber or a stretchable material. Further, the above-mentioned flexible portion (for example, the flexible pipe 18) may be interposed in the hydrogen gas lead-out system (hydrogen outflow pipe 13) in the high-pressure vessel 3; At least one of them may be interposed.

Further, in the examples of FIGS. 2 and 3, the water level detecting means 1 in the gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank 15 and the oxygen tank 7 are used.
Magnets and magnetic sensor arrays are used as 5, 17; however, these water level detection means are not limited to the configuration of the embodiment, and in essence, any means can be applied as long as they can detect each water level. can do. Further, in the isobar 69, a pair of bellows 193 is used as a partition member or a partition structure for separating the hydrogen gas chamber 71 and the oxygen gas chamber 73.
A, 193B, but not limited to bellows, bellows of various shapes and the like can be used.
The number of partition members or partition structures separating 1, 73 is also 1
Sometimes one (one) is enough. Also, the displacement detecting means for detecting the displacement of the bellows members 193A and 193B as the partition member or the partition structure is not limited to the microswitches 199A and 199B, but may be a magnetic position sensor or the like. It is.

As the power supply device 229 for supplying electric power for electrolyzing water to the water electrolysis cell 1, a normal commercial power supply device may be used. For example, the consumption of fossil fuel may be further reduced by using a clean power generation facility such as the above, or hydrogen gas may be generated and stored at night using a night power reception facility. Of course, some of these power supply means can be combined. Further, a fuel cell can be incorporated in the apparatus of the present invention, and the generated and stored hydrogen gas can be directly converted to electric power and used as electric energy.

In addition, the apparatus of the present invention is entirely systematized from generation to storage of hydrogen gas, and does not need to carry heavy gas cylinders or the like again, and is safe. Can be installed on the roof of a building, etc., and in that case, space can be saved. In particular, if the gas station is installed on the roof, even an existing gas station can be used when hydrogen is used as a vehicle fuel.

[0083]

According to the hydrogen energy supply apparatus of the present invention, water is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen is pressurized without using a gas compressor, so that the hydrogen can be safely supplied to a gas storage device comprising a small container. Can be stored efficiently and
In addition, since the entire process from generation to storage of hydrogen is systematized, new sites and new land can be used in places where conventional fossil fuels are consumed or sold, such as households, factories, and gas stations. Hydrogen can be consumed or sold in place of fossil fuels without securing installation space. Further, the apparatus of the present invention is safe and does not require a gas compressor as a noise source, and does not need to bring in a heavy gas cylinder for replacement. It can be safely installed on the rooftop or rooftop. further,
According to the device of the present invention, water can be electrolyzed using the power of clean energy generation such as solar power generation or wind power generation, and can be safely and efficiently stored as hydrogen energy. It can promote the spread of fossil fuels with hydrogen, and can solve the problems of global environmental destruction and future depletion of fossil fuels. Also, if the apparatus of the present invention is applied, a large-scale solar power generation hydrogen production base can be constructed in a desert or on the sea, and hydrogen can be charged to a high-pressure gas cylinder at that base and transported to Japan for consumption. It becomes feasible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of an overall configuration of an embodiment of a hydrogen energy supply device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a more specific embodiment of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in combination with FIG. 3, and is a diagram showing a lower half portion of the entire configuration of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an upper half of the overall configuration of the embodiment of FIG. 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water electrolysis cell 3 High-pressure vessel 5 Electrically insulating liquid 7 Hydrogen tank for gas-liquid separation 13 Hydrogen outflow pipe constituting a part of hydrogen gas lead-out line 15 Oxygen tank for gas-liquid separation 17 Part of oxygen gas lead-out line 18 A flexible pipe as a flexible portion 19 A water level detecting means 27 A water level detecting means 35 A hydrogen gas outlet pipe constituting a part of a hydrogen gas outlet system path 37 A hydrogen gas outlet opening / closing valve 39 A hydrogen gas storage device 41 -1 to 41-n Hydrogen gas container 45-1 to 45-n On-off valve 49 Hydrogen gas supply on-off valve 53 Oxygen gas lead-out pipe constituting a part of the oxygen gas lead-out line 55 Oxygen gas lead-off valve 57 Oxygen gas storage Apparatus 59-1 to 59-n Oxygen gas container 63-1 to 63-n On-off valve 67 Oxygen gas supply on-off valve 69 Isobaric device 71 Hydrogen gas chamber 73 Oxygen gas chamber 75 Separator Member 77 displacement detecting means

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F17D 1/04 F17D 1/04 5H027 H01M 8/06 H01M 8/06 R // H01M 8/00 8/00 Z F term (reference) 3E072 AA03 BA04 CA01 CA06 DA05 DB03 GA30 3J046 AA09 BA04 CA04 DA05 3J071 AA02 BB02 BB11 BB14 CC01 CC11 DD28 EE06 EE24 FF03 4G040 AA12 AA29 AA33 4K021 AA11 BA02 DC01 ACO3

Claims (19)

[Claims] 1. A water electrolysis cell for electrolyzing water to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, a high-pressure container enclosing the water electrolysis cell in pure water or an electrically insulating liquid, and a hydrogen gas storage device. A hydrogen gas storage device, a hydrogen gas derivation system that guides hydrogen gas generated in the water electrolysis cell to a hydrogen gas storage device, and an oxygen gas deduction system that guides oxygen gas generated in the water electrolysis cell from the water electrolysis cell A hydrogen gas deriving on-off valve provided on the hydrogen gas deriving system, an oxygen gas deriving on-off valve provided on the oxygen gas deriving system, and hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas storage device to a hydrogen gas use point. A hydrogen gas supply opening and closing valve for opening and closing the supply of hydrogen gas, storing hydrogen gas generated by decomposition of water in the water electrolysis cell in a hydrogen gas storage device, and storing the stored hydrogen gas in the hydrogen gas storage device. Hydrogen gas A hydrogen energy supply device wherein the hydrogen energy is supplied to a point of use via a supply on-off valve. 2. A pressure difference between the inside and outside of the system in which at least one of the hydrogen gas outlet line and the oxygen gas outlet line comes into contact with the electrically insulating liquid in the high-pressure vessel. The pressure in the water electrolysis cell and the pressure in the high-pressure vessel are made equal by interposing a flexible portion that is isolated from the inside and outside of the system path by a member or structure having elasticity or flexibility that can be expanded and contracted. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen energy supply device is configured to be able to perform the operation. 3. The hydrogen gas storage device comprises a plurality of small-capacity hydrogen gas containers, and each hydrogen gas container is provided with a pressure sensor for detecting a gas pressure in the container, and each of the hydrogen gas containers is individually operated by remote control. 2. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 1, wherein a possible on-off valve is provided, and each hydrogen gas container is connected in parallel via the individual on-off valve. 4. A water electrolysis cell for electrolyzing water to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, a high-pressure container enclosing the water electrolysis cell in pure water or an electrically insulating liquid, and a hydrogen gas storage device. A hydrogen gas storage device, an oxygen gas storage device for storing oxygen gas, a hydrogen gas derivation system for guiding hydrogen gas generated in the water electrolysis cell to the hydrogen gas storage device, and a hydrogen gas generation system generated in the water electrolysis cell. An oxygen gas deriving system for guiding oxygen gas to the oxygen gas storage device, a hydrogen gas deriving on / off valve provided on the hydrogen gas deriving system, and an oxygen gas deriving on / off valve provided on the oxygen gas deriving system, A hydrogen gas supply opening / closing valve for opening / closing the supply of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas storage device to the hydrogen gas use location, and an oxygen gas supply opening / closing valve for opening / closing the supply of oxygen gas from the oxygen gas storage device to the oxygen gas use location With The hydrogen gas and oxygen gas generated by the decomposition of water in the water electrolysis cell are stored in a hydrogen gas storage device and an oxygen gas storage device, respectively, and the stored hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are respectively stored in the water electrolysis cell. A hydrogen energy supply device, wherein the hydrogen energy is supplied to a use point via a hydrogen gas supply on-off valve and an oxygen gas supply on-off valve. 5. An internal / external pressure difference between at least one of the hydrogen gas outgoing line and the oxygen gas outgoing line in a portion where the outer surface of the system line contacts an electrically insulating liquid in a high-pressure vessel. The pressure in the water electrolysis cell and the pressure in the high-pressure vessel are made equal by interposing a flexible portion that is isolated from the inside and outside of the system path by a member or structure having elasticity or flexibility that can be expanded and contracted. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 4, wherein the hydrogen energy supply device is configured to be able to perform the operation. 6. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 4, wherein a gas storable volume of the hydrogen gas storage device is twice as large as a gas storable volume of the oxygen gas storage device. 7. The hydrogen gas storage device comprises a plurality of small-capacity hydrogen gas containers, and the oxygen gas storage device comprises a plurality of small-capacity oxygen gas containers, each hydrogen gas container and each oxygen gas container. Each vessel is provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the gas pressure in the vessel and each is provided with an on-off valve that can be individually operated remotely, and each hydrogen gas vessel is connected in parallel via the individual on-off valve. 5. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 4, wherein each of the oxygen gas containers is connected in parallel via the individual on-off valve. 6. 8. The hydrogen energy according to claim 7, wherein each of the hydrogen gas containers and each of the oxygen gas containers are made of FRP in which aluminum or aluminum alloy is reinforced by glass fiber or carbon fiber. Feeding device. 9. A position between a position on the water electrolysis cell side with respect to the hydrogen gas deriving on / off valve in the hydrogen gas deriving system and a position on the water electrolysis cell side with respect to the oxygen gas deriving on / off valve in the oxygen gas deriving system. Is provided with a pressure equalizer connected to the hydrogen gas derivation system and the oxygen gas derivation system. The pressure equalizer includes a hydrogen gas chamber through which hydrogen gas is guided from the hydrogen gas derivation system, and an oxygen gas derivation system. An oxygen gas chamber into which oxygen gas is introduced from the passage is formed separately, and the hydrogen gas chamber and the oxygen gas chamber are configured such that the internal volumes are relatively variable due to the pressure difference between the gases in the respective chambers. The pressure inside the hydrogen gas chamber and the pressure inside the oxygen gas chamber are made equal by changing the internal volume of each gas chamber in a direction in which the gas differential pressure between the hydrogen gas chamber and the oxygen gas chamber becomes zero. Is characterized by being The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 1 or claim 4. 10. A method for detecting a difference between a hydrogen gas pressure and an oxygen gas pressure by detecting a displacement amount of a portion of the isobar which is displaced in accordance with a relative change in the internal volume of each chamber. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 9, further comprising: a displacement detection unit. 11. A hydrogen gas chamber and an oxygen gas chamber in the isobaric device are separated by an elastic or flexible partition member or partition structure. The inner volume of the hydrogen gas chamber and the inner volume of the oxygen gas chamber are configured to be variable according to the differential pressure by expansion and contraction, and the displacement detecting means detects expansion and contraction or bending of the partition member or the partition structure. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 10, wherein: 12. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 11, wherein said displacement detecting means is configured to detect also a maximum limit position of expansion and contraction or bending of said partition member. 13. A gas-liquid separation hydrogen tank for separating water from hydrogen gas generated in a water electrolysis cell is provided in a portion of the hydrogen gas derivation system closer to the water electrolysis cell than the hydrogen gas derivation on-off valve. A gas-liquid separation oxygen tank for separating water from oxygen gas generated in the water electrolysis cell is provided in a portion of the oxygen gas derivation system closer to the water electrolysis cell than the oxygen gas derivation on-off valve. Yes,
The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 4. 14. The water tank for gas-liquid separation and the oxygen tank for gas-liquid separation are each provided with a water level detecting means for detecting a water level. The water level of at least one of these two tanks is adjusted so that the volume of the gas space above the water surface of the liquid separation hydrogen tank is twice the volume of the gas space above the water surface of the gas-liquid separation oxygen tank. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 13, further comprising a water level adjusting unit. 15. The hydrogen tank for gas-liquid separation and the oxygen tank for gas-liquid separation, and the high-pressure vessel are made of FRP in which aluminum or an aluminum alloy is reinforced by glass fiber or carbon fiber. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 13, wherein: 16. A facility for supplying electric power for electrolyzing water to the water electrolysis cell includes at least one of a solar power generation facility, a wind power generation facility, and a night power reception facility. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: 17. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 1, further comprising a fuel cell. 18. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen energy supply device is installed on a rooftop of a building. 19. The hydrogen energy supply device according to claim 1, wherein the building is a gas station.