CN114934278B - Device and method for inducing bubbles to aggregate and improving electrolysis efficiency by utilizing microfibers - Google Patents
Device and method for inducing bubbles to aggregate and improving electrolysis efficiency by utilizing microfibers Download PDFInfo
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- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- GVNWZKBFMFUVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adipamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCC(N)=O GVNWZKBFMFUVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
- C25B15/083—Separating products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
- C25B15/087—Recycling of electrolyte to electrochemical cell
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/13—Single electrolytic cells with circulation of an electrolyte
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for inducing bubble aggregation and improving electrolysis efficiency by utilizing microfibers, which comprises a rectifier transformer, an alkaline electrolytic tank, a hydrogen gas-liquid separation device, an oxygen gas-liquid separation device, a filtering device and an electrolyte circulating pump. The invention also provides a corresponding alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production method, which comprises the steps that electrolyte containing a large amount of micro bubbles from an alkaline electrolytic tank is conveyed to a gas-liquid separation device through a pipeline, the aggregated macro bubbles are directly separated and rise to the top of a tank body, micro bubbles which are difficult to separate flow along with the liquid, when the micro bubbles flow through a micro fiber module in the middle of the tank body, the micro fibers can increase turbulence of the liquid, the collision probability of the micro bubbles is increased, the bubbles are collected on the surface of the fiber, and the bubbles move upwards along the fiber under the buoyancy effect along with the increase of the volume of the bubbles and are continuously aggregated with other bubbles on the fiber, and finally the macro bubbles are formed to rise and separate from the electrolyte, so that the micro bubbles can be rapidly separated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis, and particularly relates to a device and a method for improving electrolysis efficiency by utilizing micro-fiber induced bubble aggregation.
Background
The hydrogen energy is a green energy source, has the characteristics of high energy density, cleanness, no pollution and the like, is a good future energy substitute, and is widely applied to industry, including petroleum refining, metal smelting, new energy automobiles and the like. Currently, alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production is the only technology mature at present, and a large-scale and long-period green hydrogen production method can be realized. The main structure of the device is that two electrode plates form an electrolysis cell, an asbestos film is arranged in the cell, and the cells can be connected in series to increase the productivity. In the electrolysis process, the gases generated by the cathode and the anode cannot be mixed under the barrier effect of the membrane, so that the gases flow out of different outlets along with the electrolyte and enter different gas-liquid separation devices.
How to realize rapid gas-liquid separation is a problem faced by upgrading the production capacity of the prior large-scale alkaline electrolytic tank system. The traditional gravity separation means has long liquid residence time, particularly micro bubbles dissolved in electrolyte, have slow rising speed and can not be separated almost, so that the separation effect is poor; the electrolyte is returned to the electrolytic tank again, so that gas backmixing is easy to cause, and disaster accidents such as explosion and the like can be caused in severe cases. And the separation equipment has large volume, high manufacturing cost and large occupied area, increases the investment in the earlier stage and reduces the economic benefit. Therefore, developing a set of means for strengthening the rapid separation of micro-bubbles has great significance for the safe, efficient and stable operation of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system.
CN114016051a proposes a gas-liquid separation device suitable for a hydrogen production system by electrolysis of water, in which a microporous filtering separation component is arranged, and is made of one of a metal sintered plate, a silk screen and a microporous membrane, and gas can enter a drying and purifying device through the microporous filtering component, so that liquid, particularly moisture, is blocked in the separation device, the moisture content in the gas is reduced, and the purity is increased. However, the pressure drop required by the method is large, most of micro bubbles escape from the electrolyte again after rising, catalyst particles in the electrolyte are easy to block micropores of the filter module, and the operation period is short.
CN215196021U proposes an electrolyte conveying gas-liquid separation device, which realizes gas-liquid separation through two steps: the first step is to realize preliminary gas-liquid separation by gravity by means of a U-shaped pipe, the rest liquid enters a hollow fiber membrane, a vacuum chamber is arranged outside, and dissolved gas in the electrolyte is separated out under the action of negative pressure. The method has the advantages of thorough separation, increased moving equipment due to the introduction of external vacuum, easy blockage of the fiber membrane, short operation period and no long-period economic operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low electrolysis efficiency and certain potential safety hazard caused by incomplete gas-liquid separation in the existing alkaline electrolytic tank, thereby providing a device for realizing gas-liquid rapid separation by using fibers to induce rapid coalescence of micro-bubbles, reducing the content of micro-bubbles in electrolyte, reducing the resistivity of the electrolyte and improving the electrolysis efficiency and a corresponding alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production method.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for inducing coalescence of bubbles by using micro fibers to improve electrolysis efficiency, the apparatus comprising a rectifier transformer, an alkaline electrolysis cell, a hydrogen gas-liquid separation apparatus, an oxygen gas-liquid separation apparatus, a filtration apparatus, and an electrolyte circulation pump, wherein:
the rectifier transformer is connected with the alkaline electrolytic tank and is used for providing electric power required by electrolysis of water for the alkaline electrolytic tank;
the alkaline electrolytic tank is provided with two outlets, namely a hydrogen-containing electrolyte outlet and an oxygen-containing electrolyte outlet, and is connected to the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device through pipelines respectively;
the filtering device is respectively connected with the outlets of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device through pipelines and is used for receiving and filtering the separated liquid;
the electrolyte circulating pump is respectively connected with the filtering device and the alkaline electrolytic tank through pipelines and is used for conveying filtered water to the alkaline electrolytic tank again;
and the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device are internally provided with micro fiber modules for inducing coalescence of micro bubbles in water so as to realize gas-liquid separation.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microfiber module is formed by knitting microfibers at an angle ranging from 0 to 90 ° and having a diameter of 60 to 200 μm.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the micro fiber module has a porosity of 0.75 to 0.85 to increase collision probability of bubbles while providing a large flux.
Preferably, the surface of the microfibers is treated to increase roughness so that the fiber surface is more prone to capture air bubbles.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device may take the form of vertical tanks or horizontal tanks, wherein:
(1) For the vertical tank, the microfiber module is arranged in the middle of the tank body of the vertical tank, a liquid inlet is formed in the middle upper part of the tank body above the microfiber module, a liquid outlet is formed in the center of the bottom of the tank body, and a gas outlet is formed in the center of the top of the tank body.
(2) For the horizontal tank, the microfiber module is arranged in the middle of the tank body of the horizontal tank, the center of the sealing head of the tank body on one side of the microfiber module is a liquid inlet, and the top and the bottom of the tank body on the other side of the microfiber module are respectively provided with a gas outlet and a liquid outlet.
According to the present invention, the number of the microfiber modules may be one or more; in the case of a plurality of microfiber modules, the microfiber modules are arranged in series with each other.
According to a preferred embodiment, the plurality of micro fiber modules are arranged in stages with a porosity in the range of 0.75-0.85.
According to the invention, the diameter of the microfiber module is the same as or slightly smaller than the diameter of the tank body of the hydrogen or oxygen gas-liquid separation device, and the microfiber module is arranged on the inner wall of the tank body in an interference fit manner through the corrosion-resistant support, and the height of the microfiber module is 0.2-0.3 m.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolysis of water, the method comprising the steps of:
the electrolyte solution containing a large amount of micro bubbles from the alkaline electrolytic tank is respectively conveyed to the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device through pipelines, the aggregated macro bubbles are directly separated and lifted to the top of the tank body, or the micro bubbles which are difficult to separate are lifted to the top of the tank body after passing through the micro fiber module, when flowing through the micro fiber module in the middle of the tank body, the micro fibers can increase the turbulence of the liquid, increase the collision probability of the micro bubbles, collect the bubbles on the surface of the fiber, move upwards along the fiber under the buoyancy effect along with the increase of the volume of the bubbles, are continuously aggregated with other bubbles on the fiber, and finally form the macro bubbles to lift and separate from the electrolyte, so that the micro bubbles are rapidly separated, the separated gas is conveyed to the hydrogen or oxygen drying and purifying device through the top pipeline, the liquid is filtered through the filtering device through the bottom pipeline, and the alkaline electrolytic tank is re-entered under the action of the circulating pump after supplementing a proper amount of pure water.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, when electrolyte flows through the microfibers, the microfibers can increase turbulence of the liquid, increase collision probability of bubbles, induce coalescence of the microfibers, collect the bubbles on the surface of the fibers, and gradually separate from the fibers to rise under the action of buoyancy, and finally separate from the electrolyte, so that the rapid separation of the microfibers is realized, the bubble content in the electrolyte is reduced, the resistivity is reduced, and the electrolytic efficiency of the electrolytic tank is increased.
2. The problems that the rising speed of micro bubbles is slow and the micro bubbles are difficult to separate quickly are solved, meanwhile, the volume of gas-liquid separation equipment can be reduced, the occupied area is reduced, the gas content in the solution which circularly reenters the electrolytic tank is less than 1%, the resistivity of the electrolyte is reduced, the electrolytic efficiency is improved, and the safe, efficient and stable operation of the whole system is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the process flow of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vertical gas-liquid separator according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a horizontal gas-liquid separator according to the present invention.
Fig. 4-6 are schematic illustrations of the fiber weave angles of the present invention of 90 °, 60 ° and 30 °, respectively.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the fiber-induced coalescence of fine bubbles according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described in the following by specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
Example 1 apparatus for improving electrolytic efficiency by inducing coalescence of bubbles by microfine fibers
As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus of the present embodiment for inducing coalescence of bubbles by micro fibers to improve electrolysis efficiency comprises a rectifier transformer 1, an alkaline electrolytic tank 2, a hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3, an oxygen gas-liquid separation device 4, a filtration device 7, and an electrolyte circulation pump 8, wherein:
the rectifier transformer 1 is connected with the alkaline electrolytic tank 2 and is used for providing electric power required by electrolysis of water for the alkaline electrolytic tank 2;
the alkaline electrolytic tank 2 is provided with two outlets, namely a hydrogen-containing electrolyte outlet and an oxygen-containing electrolyte outlet, and is connected to the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device 4 through pipelines respectively;
the filtering device 7 is connected with the outlets of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device 4 through pipelines respectively and is used for receiving and filtering the separated liquid;
the electrolyte circulation pump 8 is connected with the filtering device 7 and the alkaline electrolytic tank 2 through pipelines respectively and is used for conveying filtered water to the alkaline electrolytic tank 2 again.
Further, the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device 4 are respectively internally provided with a micro fiber module for inducing coalescence of micro bubbles in water so as to realize gas-liquid separation. The microfiber module is formed by knitting microfibers at an angle ranging from 0 to 90 °, preferably 90 °, 60 °, or 30 °, and the diameter of the fibers is preferably 60 to 200 μm as shown in fig. 4, 5, and 6.
Further, the material of the fibers used in the microfiber module 21 is a polymer organic material, such as Peek material (polyetheretherketone), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene, teflon), PA46 (polybutylene adipamide, nylon), etc., which is resistant to strong alkali, and the porosity is preferably 0.75 to 0.85, so as to increase the collision probability of bubbles while providing a large flux. Further, the surface of the fiber is treated to increase roughness, making the surface of the fiber more prone to capture air bubbles.
Further, the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device 4 may be vertical tanks or horizontal tanks, taking the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 as an example, fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the vertical tanks, the microfiber module 21 is disposed in the middle of the tank, the liquid inlet 22 is disposed at the middle upper part of the tank above the microfiber module 21, the liquid outlet 23 is disposed at the bottom center of the tank, and the gas outlet 24 is disposed at the top center. Thus, when electrolyte containing a large number of micro bubbles enters the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 from the liquid inlet 22, the macro bubbles are directly separated, micro bubbles which are difficult to separate flow downwards along with the liquid and flow through the micro fiber module 21, turbulence of the liquid is increased under the action of micro fibers, collision probability of the bubbles is increased, and aggregation and separation of the bubbles are induced, so that rapid gas-liquid separation is realized. The separated gas is discharged through the gas outlet 24 at the top, and the liquid is discharged through the liquid outlet 23 at the bottom.
In this embodiment, the bottom of the tank body is further provided with a drain 25 for discharging solid impurities such as catalyst powder deposited on the bottom of the tank body; and a pressure sensor 26 is also mounted on the top of the tank body for detecting the pressure condition in the tank body.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 in a horizontal tank. As shown in the figure, the micro fiber module 31 is also arranged in the middle of the tank body, the center of the end socket of the tank body on one side of the micro fiber module 31 is a liquid inlet 32, and the top and the bottom of the tank body on the other side are respectively provided with a gas outlet 33 and a liquid outlet 34. A drain 35 is also provided at the bottom of the tank on the side of the liquid inlet 32. Thus, when electrolyte containing a large number of micro bubbles enters the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 from the liquid inlet 22, the macro bubbles pass through the micro fiber module 31 and then rise to the top of the tank body, and micro bubbles which are difficult to separate flow along with the liquid and flow through the micro fiber module 31, so that the turbulence of the liquid is increased under the action of the micro fibers, the collision probability of the bubbles is increased, the aggregation and separation of the bubbles are induced, and the rapid gas-liquid separation is realized. The separated gas is discharged through the gas outlet 24 at the top, and the liquid is discharged through the liquid outlet 23 at the bottom.
Further, the diameter of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 is determined according to the gas yield of the alkaline electrolytic tank 2, and is 10-25% smaller than that of a traditional gravity separation tank. Preferably for 100 to 500Nm 3 The diameter of the alkaline electrolytic tank 2 and the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 3 is generally 0.5-1.5 m; for 500 to 1000Nm 3 The diameter of the alkaline electrolyzer 2, the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 3 is generally 1.5-5 m.
Further, the microfiber module is arranged in the middle position in the tank body, the diameter of the microfiber module is the same as or slightly smaller than that of the container, and the microfiber module is arranged on the inner wall of the tank body in an interference fit manner through the corrosion-resistant support, and the height of the microfiber module is 0.2-0.3 m. A plurality of micro fiber modules can be combined according to the different treatment capacity of the reactor, and the total volume of the micro fiber modules is not more than 20% of the total volume of the tank body. Preferably for 100 to 500Nm 3 An alkaline electrolytic tank 2 of which the number of micro fiber modules is 2-5; for 500 to 1000Nm 3 The number of the microfiber modules in the alkaline electrolyzer 2 per h is 6-15.
The structure of the oxygen gas-liquid separation device 4 is the same as that of the above-described hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3, and will not be described in detail here.
The principle of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production method adopting the device for inducing bubble aggregation and improving electrolysis efficiency by utilizing micro fibers is as follows:
the electrolyte containing a large amount of micro bubbles from the alkaline electrolytic tank 2 is respectively conveyed to the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device 4 through pipelines, the aggregated macro bubbles are directly separated and lifted to the top of the tank body, or the micro bubbles which are difficult to separate are lifted to the top of the tank body after passing through the micro fiber module, when flowing through the micro fiber module in the middle of the tank body along with the liquid, the micro fibers can increase the turbulence of the liquid, the collision probability of the micro bubbles is increased, the bubbles are collected on the surface of the fibers, the bubbles are upwards moved along the fibers under the buoyancy effect along with the increase of the volume of the bubbles, and are continuously aggregated with other bubbles on the fibers, and finally the macro bubbles are lifted to be separated from the electrolyte, so that the rapid separation of the micro bubbles is realized, the separated gas is conveyed to the hydrogen or oxygen drying and purifying device through the top pipeline, the liquid is filtered through the filtering device through the bottom pipeline, and the alkaline electrolytic tank 2 is reentered under the action of a circulating pump after supplementing a proper amount of pure water.
The method of the invention can greatly improve the gas-liquid separation efficiency and reduce the content of micro bubbles in the electrolyte due to the use of the micro fiber module, thereby reducing the resistivity of the electrolyte and improving the electrolysis efficiency.
Example 2 Hydrogen production by alkaline Water electrolysis
The device of the embodiment 1 for generating hydrogen by electrolyzing water by utilizing micro-fiber to induce bubble aggregation and improving electrolysis efficiency is used, and the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device 4 are respectively in the form of vertical tanks, and the specific working principle is as follows:
under the voltage provided by the rectifier transformer 1, the alkaline electrolytic tank 2 starts to electrolyze water, the generated hydrogen-containing electrolyte and oxygen-containing electrolyte are respectively conveyed to the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device 4 through pipelines, and the aggregated large bubbles are directly separated and rise to the top of the tank body; as shown in fig. 7, when an electrolyte containing a large number of micro bubbles flows through the micro fiber module 21, the micro fiber module 21 increases turbulence of the liquid, increases probability of collision of the bubbles, and the micro fiber induces coalescence of the micro bubbles and captures the bubbles, and when the bubbles coalesce to a certain volume, the bubbles are separated from the surface of the fiber and rise until the electrolyte is separated, thereby rapidly realizing gas-liquid separation and reducing residence time. The separated gas is discharged to a drying and purifying device of hydrogen and oxygen from a pipeline 5 at the top of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 and a pipeline 6 at the top of the oxygen gas-liquid separation device 4 respectively, electrolyte is discharged to a filtering device 7 from the bottom of the gas-liquid separation device, catalyst particles in the electrolyte are filtered, and after a proper amount of pure water is supplemented, the electrolyte is re-injected into the alkaline electrolytic tank 2 under the action of a circulating pump 8. The whole process realizes the rapid separation of gas and liquid, and the separation is more thorough, so that the gas content in the electrolyte is reduced, the resistivity of the electrolyte is reduced, and the electrolysis efficiency is improved.
The electrolyte is 30% KOH solution with pH of 13.8. After the alkaline electrolytic tank 2 stably operates, the liquid-gas content of the electrolytic tank is about 13%, the diameter of the contained micro-bubbles is 50-120 mu m, and the rising speed is slow, which is about 0.008m/s.
The hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device 4 are vertical containers, the working pressure is 0.35MPa, the length is 3.6m, the diameter is 1.2m, the liquid discharged from the electrolytic tank enters from an inlet 22 of about 0.3m upwards in the middle of the gas-liquid separation device, the aggregated gas directly rises, the micro bubbles descend along with the electrolyte at a speed of about 0.4m/s, and the volume of the electrolyte is controlled to be about 3/4 of that of the gas-liquid separator.
The number of the micro fiber modules 21 arranged in the middle of the gas-liquid separation device is 2, the 2 micro fiber modules 2 are mutually connected in series, the interval is 0.3m, when electrolyte flows through the micro fiber modules 21, the turbulence of the liquid can be increased by the existence of the micro fiber modules 21, the probability of bubble collision is increased by about 20%, meanwhile, the bubbles are induced to be coalesced by the fibers and are captured on the surface, and the bubbles are gradually separated from the fibers under the action of buoyancy along with the increase of the volume of the bubbles until the electrolyte is separated.
The fiber module is formed by knitting microfibers at 30 degrees, the fiber diameter is 80-130 mu m, the porosity is set to be 0.8 during knitting, the height is set to be 0.25m, and the fiber surface is specially treated to increase the roughness, so that the fiber surface is easier to capture bubbles.
After the treatment by the process, the gas content in the electrolyte discharged by the gas-liquid separator is about 0.8%, the resistivity is reduced by 15%, and the electrolysis efficiency is improved.
Comparative example 1 Hydrogen production by alkaline Water electrolysis
In comparison with example 2, in comparative example 1, the fiber coalescing module was not provided, the electrolyte feed condition was the same as in example 2, the flow rate of the electrolyte in the separator was 0.2m/s, the volume of the electrolyte was still controlled to 3/4, the rising rate of fine bubbles was 0.006m/s, and the gas content was about 8.5% as measured in the electrolyte flowing out from the gas-liquid separator.
The results of the gas content in the electrolytes separated by the gas-liquid separation device in example 2 and comparative example 1 are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
| Example 2 | Comparative example 1 | |
| Microbubble content (individual/ml) | 136 | 1400 |
| Air content (volume percent) | 0.8 | 8.5％ |
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the device for improving the electrolysis efficiency by utilizing the micro-fiber induced bubble coalescence is used for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, and the gas content of the electrolyte after gas-liquid separation is improved by more than one order of magnitude compared with that of the conventional method, so that the resistivity can be greatly reduced, and the electrolysis efficiency can be improved.
Example 3 Hydrogen production by alkaline Water electrolysis
Compared with the embodiment 2, the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device 3 and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device 4 of the present embodiment are in the form of vertical tanks, the diameter of the tank body is 2m, the length is 4m, the number of the adopted microfiber modules 31 is 3, the mutual interval is 0.25m, the porosities of the three microfiber modules 31 are arranged in a grading manner, the weaving angle of the fibers is 90 degrees, and the fiber diameter is 100-150 mu m, and the porosities of the three microfiber modules 31 are arranged in sequence to be 0.85, 0.80 and 0.75.
The liquid-gas content of the electrolytic tank is about 13%, the diameter of the micro-bubbles is about 80-130 mu m, the flowing speed of the electrolyte is 0.25m/s, the volume of the electrolyte is controlled to be about 3/4, and the rest configurations are the same.
The gas content rate of the liquid outlet detection of the gas-liquid separation device is about 0.6%, and compared with the embodiment 2, the resistivity is reduced by 25%, so that the electrolysis efficiency is greatly improved, and the economical efficiency is improved.
The results of the gas content in the electrolytes of examples 2 and 3 separated by the gas-liquid separation apparatus are shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2
| Example 2 | Example 3 | |
| Microbubble content (individual/ml) | 136 | 85 |
| Air content (volume percent) | 0.8 | 0.6 |
From the results shown in table 2, the number of stages and the porosity of the microfiber module can be reasonably set, so that the gas-liquid separation degree can be improved, and in industrial application, the microfiber module can be reasonably matched according to actual working conditions, so that the best treatment effect can be achieved.
Claims (8)
1. A device for inducing bubble coalescence by utilizing micro fibers and improving electrolysis efficiency, which is characterized by comprising a rectifier transformer, an alkaline electrolytic tank, a hydrogen gas-liquid separation device, an oxygen gas-liquid separation device, a filtering device and an electrolyte circulating pump, wherein:
the rectifier transformer is connected with the alkaline electrolytic tank and is used for providing electric power for the alkaline electrolytic tank, wherein the electrolytic water is 30% KOH solution with mass concentration;
the alkaline electrolytic tank is provided with two outlets, namely a hydrogen-containing electrolyte outlet and an oxygen-containing electrolyte outlet, and is connected to the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device through pipelines respectively;
the filtering device is respectively connected with the outlets of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device through pipelines and is used for receiving and filtering the separated liquid;
the electrolyte circulating pump is respectively connected with the filtering device and the alkaline electrolytic tank through pipelines and is used for conveying filtered water to the alkaline electrolytic tank again;
the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device are internally provided with micro fiber modules for inducing coalescence of micro bubbles in water so as to realize gas-liquid separation;
the microfiber module is formed by weaving microfibers at a certain angle; the micro fiber module has a porosity of 0.75 to 0.85 to increase collision probability of bubbles while providing a large flux;
the angle range of the braiding is 0-90 degrees, and the diameter of the microfiber is 60-200 mu m.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the surface of the microfibers is treated to increase roughness so that the fiber surface is more prone to capture air bubbles.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen gas liquid separation apparatus and the oxygen gas liquid separation apparatus take the form of vertical tanks or horizontal tanks, wherein:
(1) For the vertical tank, the microfiber module is arranged in the middle of the tank body of the vertical tank, the middle upper part of the tank body above the microfiber module is provided with a liquid inlet, the center of the bottom of the tank body is provided with a liquid outlet, and the center of the top of the tank body is provided with a gas outlet;
(2) For the horizontal tank, the microfiber module is arranged in the middle of the tank body of the horizontal tank, the center of the sealing head of the tank body on one side of the microfiber module is a liquid inlet, and the top and the bottom of the tank body on the other side of the microfiber module are respectively provided with a gas outlet and a liquid outlet.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the number of microfiber modules is one or more.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein each of the microfiber modules is connected in series with each other in a case where the number of the microfiber modules is plural.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the plurality of microfiber modules are staged with a porosity in the range of 0.75 to 0.85.
7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the microfiber module is the same as the diameter of the tank body of the hydrogen or oxygen gas-liquid separation device, and the microfiber module is arranged on the inner wall of the tank body through an interference fit of a corrosion-resistant bracket, and the height of the microfiber module is 0.2-0.3 m.
8. A method for producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolysis of water, the method comprising the step of using the device for inducing bubble coalescence and improving electrolysis efficiency by using the microfiber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
the electrolyte solution containing a large amount of micro bubbles from the alkaline electrolytic tank is respectively conveyed to the hydrogen gas-liquid separation device and the oxygen gas-liquid separation device through pipelines, the aggregated macro bubbles are directly separated and lifted to the top of the tank body, or the aggregated macro bubbles pass through a micro fiber module and then lift to the top of the tank body, micro bubbles which are difficult to separate flow along with the liquid, when the micro fiber module in the middle of the tank body flows through, the micro fiber can increase the turbulence of the liquid, the collision probability of the micro bubbles is increased, the bubbles are collected on the surface of the fiber, the bubbles move upwards along the fiber under the buoyancy effect along with the increase of the volume of the bubbles, are continuously aggregated with other bubbles on the fiber, and finally the macro bubbles are formed to lift and separate from the electrolyte, so that the rapid separation of the micro bubbles is realized, the separated gas is conveyed to the hydrogen or oxygen drying and purifying device through the top pipeline, the liquid is filtered through the filtering device through the bottom pipeline, and the alkaline electrolytic tank is reentered under the action of a circulating pump after supplementing a proper amount of pure water.
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| JP2001130901A (en) * | 1999-11-02 | 2001-05-15 | Mitsubishi Corp | Hydrogen energy supplying unit |
| JP2013043793A (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2013-03-04 | Hitachi Maxell Energy Ltd | Hydrogen producing apparatus and method of producing hydrogen |
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