JP2001121009A - Rotary bag-tearing separation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary bag-tearing separation device which is capable of shearing and shredding packages and included foreign matters transported in together with matters to be treated, such as garbage and the like and performing separation and recovery also capable of conducting continuous treatments while preventing the matters to be treated containing a large amount of an adhesive substance from adhering to the face of a inner wall of a drum body 2. SOLUTION: In a rotary bag-tearing separation device an opening 21 through which matters to be treated is charged and an exhaust opening 22 are provided in the upper part of a drum body 2. A discharge opening 24 of the matter to be treated and an air inlet port 23 are also provided in the lower part of the drum body. A vertical rotating shaft 3 is arranged at a center of the drum body 2. Linear and belt-like flexible shearing components 4 having are ends thereof connecter to the shaft 3 and are related about the vertical rotating shaft 3 upon rotation of the vertical rotating shaft 3 shear the matters Ti to be treated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a synthetic resin product such as a plastic bag or a polystyrene foam tray, which is used for packaging these objects at the pretreatment stage of kitchen garbage, collected foods, food processing residues and the like. The present invention relates to a rotary-type bag-breaking / separating apparatus for shearing foreign substances mixed into a processing object together with the processing object and separating the foreign matter from the processing object.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, recycling of waste such as kitchen garbage, expired collected food, food processing residues, and sewage sludge has been regarded as important. 2. Description of the Related Art Recycling of organic waste resources that are converted into organic valuables such as fish feed, fertilizers and the like and reused, or converted into fuel by methane fermentation, has been promoted.

Various methods and devices have been developed to recycle these organic waste resources. However, if these objects to be treated include plastic bags or foreign substances, they may become obstacles to feed or fertilizer. It is extremely important to separate these contaminants in the pretreatment stage, because they may become a hindrance in biological treatment or cause deterioration of exhaust gas components in combustion treatment.

[0004] Particularly, in the case of kitchen garbage and the like, the object to be treated is conveyed in a state of being wrapped in a synthetic resin material package such as a plastic bag, a wrap, and a styrofoam tray.
Separation from foreign substances such as toothpicks, split chopsticks, plastic spoons, stoppers, cans, etc. is insufficient on the discharger side, and contains many contaminants.

[0005] In addition, since plasticizers, which are considered to have an adverse effect on the environment as environmental hormones, are partially used in packages and molded products made of these synthetic resin materials, the effect on the environment is minimized. In order to limit the waste, it is strongly desired that the wastewater be separated at the pretreatment stage of the recycling treatment and treated by another system.

On the other hand, there are many types of crushers. Among them, a crushing chain is mounted on a vertical rotating shaft arranged at the center of a cylindrical main body drum as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-246178. A chain impact crusher that blows and crushes the workpiece while rotating the crushing chain at high speed, and introduces hot air from the lower part of the main drum to dry the crushed workpiece. It is used for crushing and drying sludge, powder wet with water, livestock waste such as bird waste, and the like.

This chain impact crusher has a diameter of 2 mm, for example.
In this apparatus, a vertical rotation axis is provided at the center of a main drum having a height of about 5 m and a height of about 5 m, and a chain having a weight attached to a tip thereof is spirally connected in multiple stages in the vertical direction. This chain is
It rotates at a high speed of about 1,000 rpm and is stretched substantially horizontally in the circumferential direction by centrifugal force.
s. The workpieces thrown in from the upper part of the main drum are dropped by their own weight by the large number of rotating chains rotating at a high speed, and are sequentially hit and crushed.

[0008] Simultaneously with the crushing, the object to be treated is heated to 300 ° C. from the hot air inlet at the lower part of the main drum.
It is dried while being in contact with high-temperature air for drying at about 400 ° C., and is taken out as a dry powder from an outlet at the bottom of the main drum. In addition, foreign substances and the like mixed into the workpiece are
It is crushed together with the object to be processed, blown off by the flow of drying air, discharged from the upper part through the exhaust port together with the exhaust, and guided to a solid-gas separation device such as a cyclone provided in an exhaust passage connected to the exhaust port, There, it is separated from exhaust gas and collected.

[0009]

However, if the rotary chain impact crusher as described above is used as it is to separate bags to be processed, such as kitchen garbage and the like, the crushing chain will be hit with a large thickness. Since it is a method of crushing by force, baggage or the like cannot be cut efficiently at low speed rotation, it is necessary to rotate at high speed, and there is a problem that a large driving force is required.

The chain portion of the crushing chain has many irregularities and is easy to bite, so that contaminants such as vinyl, wrap, styrofoam trays and the like, and toothpicks, split chopsticks, plastic spoons, stoppers, cans, etc. It is necessary to stop the operation and sometimes remove the entangled vinyl debris by getting entangled with the turning crushing chain and gradually increasing. This removal takes a lot of time and troubles continuous operation.

Further, kitchen garbage, collected foods, food processing residues and the like contain confectionery containing a large amount of rice, lipids and carbohydrates, and are often sticky. Since the material is blown off by the rotating chain and adheres and accumulates on the inner wall surface of the main drum, there is a problem that the material to be crushed cannot be discharged and the operation of the crusher cannot be continued.

Further, there is another problem that the deposited material is heated by the drying air and is burnt, so that the discharged object cannot be reused.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to separate and recover packaged articles and contaminant conveyed together with objects to be processed such as kitchen garbage by shearing. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a rotary bag breaking and separating apparatus capable of performing continuous processing while preventing an object to be processed containing a large amount of an adhesive substance from adhering to an inner wall surface of a main drum.

[0014]

The rotary bag breaking and separating apparatus of the present invention is configured as follows.

1) A workpiece inlet and an exhaust port are provided at the upper part of the main body drum, and a workpiece discharge port and an air inlet are provided at the lower part, and a vertical rotating shaft is provided at the center of the main body drum. One end is connected to the vertical rotation shaft, and a flexible linear or band-shaped shearing member is provided, which pivots around the vertical rotation axis and shears the workpiece with the rotation of the vertical rotation shaft. You.

This shearing member is formed of a steel wire, a narrow band plate having a flat portion or a saw blade at the front side when turning, and when the rotation of the vertical rotation shaft is stopped. It is formed with flexibility so that the object to be hanged down and entangled with its own weight can be dropped.

With this configuration, even at a relatively low rotation speed, contaminants such as a plastic bag charged together with the object to be processed can be efficiently sheared, and the sheared contaminants are removed by the air flowing from the air inlet. By transporting to the exhaust port, it is possible to separate from the processing target having a relatively large specific gravity.

2) In the above-mentioned rotary bag-separating apparatus, the shearing member is formed of a steel wire having a weight at its tip.

This steel wire is made of ordinary steel or stainless steel and has a wire diameter of about 0.1 to 10 mm and a vertical rotation axis of 5 mm.
As it rotates at 00 to 2500 rpm, it spreads and turns horizontally due to the centrifugal force applied to the weight at the tip, and shears and cuts the falling workpiece.

By using a steel wire having no irregularities and hard to be entangled with a shearing member for shearing the object to be processed, and using a steel wire which is easy to slide down, fragments of a broken plastic bag are not entangled with the shearing member. Also, even if the steel wire is entangled, the shards and the like entangled when the steel wire is hung and the steel wire hangs down are slipped off, thereby facilitating maintenance.

When a steel wire is used as the shearing member, weights are arranged not only at the tip but also at appropriate intervals on the steel wire to increase the weight and centrifugal force of the shearing member and increase the turning force. In addition, the shearing ability can be improved.

3) In addition, in the above-mentioned rotary type bag separating apparatus, a scraper is provided which slides and moves on the inner wall surface of the main drum.

The terminal of the scraper in contact with this inner wall is
It is formed by attaching a hard rubber blade having a blade shape. While sliding this scraper on the inner wall,
By rotating at a rotation speed of about 50 rpm, the processing object adhered to the inner wall surface can be positively peeled off, and the processing object can be re-entered into the shearing zone in which the shearing member rotates.

4) Further, in the above-mentioned rotary bag separating apparatus, the inner wall surface of the main drum is coated with a fluororesin.

This fluororesin coating (Teflon coating) is easily peeled off even if an adhesive substance or the like is present on the surface due to its non-adhesiveness and low friction, and even if it adheres, it is physically operated. Can also be easily removed. Further, even in a high-temperature atmosphere, there is little sticking of organic substances and the like. By utilizing these properties, adhesion and sticking of the adhesive substance to the inner wall surface due to the rotational shearing operation are prevented, and peeling of the adhered adhesive substance is facilitated.

The types of resins used for this fluororesin coating include ethylene tetrafluoride resin, ethylene tetrafluoride / propylene hexafluoride copolymer resin, ethylene trifluoride chloride resin, vinyl fluoride resin, and ethylene tetrafluoride resin.・ Propylene hexafluoride copolymer resin, ethylene tetrafluoride / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer resin, vinylidene fluoride resin, ethylene tetrafluoride / ethylene copolymer resin,
Ethylene / trifluorinated ethylene copolymer resin.

[0027]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rotary bag breaking / separating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2 to 5, the rotary bag-separating apparatus 1 according to the present invention is provided in a cylindrical main body drum 2 and at the center of the main body drum 2. A vertical rotating shaft 3, a steel wire 4 having one end connected to the vertical rotating shaft 3 and having a weight 5 at the end, a scraper 6 that slides on the inner wall 2 a of the main drum 2, and a vertical rotating shaft 3. And a rotary drive motor 7 and a scraper drive motor 8 which are drive units of the scraper 6.

The main body drum 2 is provided with a workpiece inlet 21 and an exhaust port 22 at an upper part, and an air inlet 23 at a lower part to which air Ai for drying and air selection is supplied.
And a workpiece discharge port 24 for taking out the sheared workpiece To.

The upper exhaust port 22 is an exhaust port for the separated material P such as a plastic bag and the like and the exhaust air Ao having a light specific gravity and an exhaust port 24 at the lower portion. It becomes a discharge port for the to-be-processed object To.

As a shearing member, a steel wire 4 having a weight 5 at its tip is connected to a vertical rotating shaft 3 provided at the center of the main body drum 3 in a multi-stage and helical manner. This steel wire 4
With the rotation of the vertical rotation shaft 3, the object to be processed Ti containing the bag to be turned is sheared together with the bag by turning around in a substantially horizontal plane,
Both are cut long and thin.

The material of the steel wire 4 is a single wire or a stranded wire of ordinary steel or stainless steel, and a piano wire or a wire is used. The wire diameter is about 0.1 to 10 mm, and the length is such that the steel wire 4 does not come into contact with the inner side surface of the scraper 6 when the steel wire 4 turns and extends under centrifugal force.

When the steel wire 4 is used, FIG.
Not only the weight 5 is provided at the tip as shown in FIG. 5 but also various weights such as a truncated conical shape or a triangular plate shape which increase the shearing force at appropriate intervals as shown in FIG. 5 may be disposed on the steel wire 4.

When turning, these weights 5 move the workpiece T
i is formed in such a shape that it is easy to shear, and when the rotation is stopped, the entangled object easily falls.

Instead of the steel wire 4, a narrow strip 4A which is flexible and whose front side can play the role of a cutting edge when turning as shown in FIG. The base may be connected to the vertical rotating shaft 3 to form a horizontal state, and when rotated in a substantially horizontal plane when rotated, the workpiece Ti can be sheared or cut, and the surface has irregularities. As long as there is no smooth surface, the object to be processed Ti, To and the pieces P of the bag may be formed so as to be easily slid off.

The cutting edge of the band-shaped material 4A may be flat as shown in FIG. 7A, but is formed in a saw blade shape as shown in FIGS. You may make it cut efficiently.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a scraper 6 is provided which rotates while sliding on the inner wall surface 2a along the inner wall surface 2a of the main drum. The scraper 6 has a function of shaving off the object Ta attached to the inner wall surface 2a and sending it again to the shearing zone formed by the revolving steel wire 4. In this scraper 6, the main body 6a is formed of a steel plate,
The blade edge portion 6b that comes into contact with the inner wall surface 2a is formed by fitting a blade-shaped hard rubber so that the blade edge portion 6b comes into contact with an appropriate force and can be efficiently scraped off.

A collection member 12 which rotates together with the scraper 6 and slidably contacts the bottom surface 2c is provided around the workpiece discharge port 24. The collecting member 12 plays a role of crushing and crushing the to-be-processed object To dropped to the bottom surface 2 c with the rotation of the scraper 6 and guiding the to-processed object discharge port 24.

Then, the inner wall surface 2a of the main drum 2 is coated with a fluorine resin. This fluororesin coating
Since the surface of 11 is non-adhesive, it easily peels off even if an adhesive substance etc. is present on the surface, and can be removed by physical operation. Few.

Therefore, this fluororesin coating is used to prevent the adhesion of the sticky substance such as rice, confectionery rich in saccharides, lipids and the like to the inner wall surface 2a due to the rotational shearing operation, This is performed to make it easy to peel off and to prevent the attached matter from burning. Further, since the surface of the fluororesin coating 11 also has a low friction property, the rotational driving force of the scraper 6 can be reduced.

The fluororesin coating is applied not only to the inner wall surface 2a of the main drum 2 but also to the upper wall surface 2b, the bottom surface 2c, the vertical rotating shaft 3,
It may be applied to the steel wire 4 and the weight 5, so that not only the adhesive substance in the device 1 but also the releasability of the fragments P of the synthetic resin product can be further improved.

The fluororesin coating can be made of various resins, and the types of resins used for the fluororesin coating include ethylene tetrafluoride resin, ethylene tetrafluoride / propylene hexafluoride copolymer resin, Fluorochlorinated ethylene resin, vinyl fluoride resin, ethylene tetrafluoride / propylene hexafluoride copolymer resin, ethylene tetrafluoride / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer resin, benzylidene fluoride resin, ethylene tetrafluoride / ethylene copolymer Resin, ethylene / trifluorochloroethylene copolymer resin and the like.

Next, the operation of the rotary bag breaking and separating apparatus 1 will be described.

In the rotary type bag-breaking sorting apparatus 1, the vertical rotating shaft 3 is rotated at 500 to 2,500 rpm, and the steel wire 4 with the weight 5 is turned to radially expand by centrifugal force. Looking at this expanded state from above, as shown in FIG.
A number of steel wires 4 are turned around the vertical rotation axis 3 and extend radially.

At the same time, the scraper 6 is
Rotate at 10 to 50 rpm while sliding on a. By the function of the scraper 6, the scraper 6 rotates while being in contact with the inner wall surface 2a and positively peels off the adhered substance Ta.
The processing object Ta adhered to the substrate can be peeled off and sent out in the shearing zone.

The hot air A is blown from the lower air outlet 23 to blow out moisture contained in the object Ti and to blow off pieces P such as a plastic bag which has been cut and fined.
Blow i. This hot air Ai does not melt synthetic resins such as vinyl and styrofoam.
a temperature at which i is easily separated, e.g.
It is adjusted to about 50 ° C.

Depending on the flow rate of the warm air Ai, the object T
Since the residence time in the rotary type bag-break sorting apparatus 1 can be changed by changing the falling speed of i, the degree of shearing and the degree of drying can be changed.

In this state, when the object Ti in a plastic bag or the like is put into the rotary bag-separating apparatus 1, the object Ti is rotated while falling. It is sheared by the wire 4 and crushed to a size of several mm to several tens mm.

The object Ti is dropped as it is and the steel wire 4
Is sheared by Further, a part thereof adheres to the inner wall surface 2a, which is scraped off by the scraper 6,
It returns to the shear zone again and is sheared by the steel wire 4. By repeating this shearing, the object Ti is sequentially made finer, and the moisture is removed by the warm air Ai.
c, and becomes the sheared object To, which is discharged from the object discharge port 24.

On the other hand, synthetic resin products and foreign substances forming a bag such as a plastic bag are cut into small pieces, blown up by warm air Ai, discharged from the upper exhaust passage 22, and provided in the middle of the exhaust passage 9. Separated by a separation device such as a cyclone and collected as a separated material P separately from the to-be-processed material To which has been sheared and fined.

Also, the relatively large synthetic resin product fragments P entangled with the steel wire 4 before being cut into small pieces are:
When the operation of the rotary crushing and sorting apparatus 1 is stopped, the steel wire 4 slides down as it hangs and is separated and discharged.

At this time, since the steel wire 4 having a smooth surface is used, the rotation of the vertical rotating shaft 3 of the present apparatus 1 is stopped, and when the steel wire 4 hangs down, easily entangled vinyl or the like. The pieces P can be easily removed. Therefore, there is no need to stop the apparatus 1 in order to discharge the entangled plastic bags and the like.

These operations are performed by the processing system on the downstream side of the processing object To. For example, two batches are operated for two hours, and four batches are operated for eight hours a day. When this one batch is completed, first, the to-be-processed object To which has been sheared and fined is taken out, and then, when the rotation of the vertical rotating shaft 3 is reduced in speed, the steel wire 4 hangs down, and the entangled pieces P such as vinyl or the like become Since they slide down and are separated from the steel wire 4 and discharged, these fragments P are sorted.

[0054]

As is apparent from the above description, the following effects can be obtained by the rotary bag-separating apparatus according to the present invention.

Even if the rotation of the vertical rotation shaft is relatively low, the contaminants such as plastic bags charged together with the object to be processed can be efficiently sheared together with the object to be fined. By conveying the processed contaminant to the exhaust port by the air flowing from the air introduction port, it is possible to separate the contaminant from the processing object having a relatively large specific gravity.

Further, since a linear or band-shaped shearing member is used for the shearing treatment, the shearing member has a small amount of irregularities and is easy to slip, so that pieces of a sheared plastic bag or the like are unlikely to be entangled. Even when the rotation of the vertical rotation shaft of the present apparatus is stopped, when the shearing member hangs down, the tangled pieces such as plastic bags can be easily removed. Therefore, the shearing operation and the sorting operation can be performed efficiently, and the maintenance operation can be simplified.

By forming the shearing member with a steel wire having a weight, a simple and inexpensive device can be obtained.

Further, by providing a scraper which rotates while coming into contact with the inner wall surface and peels off the adhered substance, the object adhered to the inner wall surface can be actively scraped off. Can be sent out to the shear zone formed by the above, and the object can be efficiently sheared and finely divided.

Further, by coating the inner wall surface of the main drum with a fluororesin, it is possible to prevent the object to be processed from adhering to the inner wall surface, to prevent the object from being scorched, and to prevent the object from being scraped off by a scraper. Since the processing can be easily performed, the object to be processed can be efficiently sheared and dried and discharged from the lower part.

Therefore, according to the present apparatus, the object to be processed To which has been sheared and made fine is not scorched in the attached state, but is efficiently sheared and dried. It can be blown off and separated by wind selection, and only the object to be processed which has been sheared and made fine can be discharged from the lower object discharge port 24.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view including a cross section of a rotary bag breaking and sorting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a rotary bag breaking and sorting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrows VV in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a part U of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrows WW in FIG. 4;

6A and 6B are examples of a shearing member formed of a steel wire, in which FIG. 6A shows a steel wire in which some truncated cone-shaped weights are arranged, and FIG. 6B shows a steel wire in which a weight having a blade is arranged. Is shown.

FIG. 7 is an example of a shearing member formed of a band-shaped member;
(A) shows a flat blade strip, and (b) and (c) show saw blade strips.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotary bag-breaking sorter 2 Body drum 2a Inner wall surface 3 Vertical rotation axis 4 Crushed steel wire 5 Weight 6 Scraper 6a Body 6b Blade edge 7 Rotation drive motor 8 Scraper drive motor 9 Exhaust passage 21 Exhaust port 22 Exhaust port 23 Air inlet 24 Material outlet Ai, Ao Hot air (air) Ti, To Processed material Ta Attached matter P Separated material (fragment of bag)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A workpiece inlet and an exhaust port are provided at an upper portion of a main body drum, and a workpiece discharge port and an air inlet are provided at a lower portion, and a vertical rotating shaft is provided at the center of the main body drum. One end is connected to the vertical rotation shaft, and a flexible linear or band-shaped shearing member is provided, which rotates around the vertical rotation axis and shears the object to be processed with the rotation of the vertical rotation shaft. Characteristic rotary bag separator. 2. The rotary bag-breaking and separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the shearing member is formed of a steel wire having a weight at a tip. 3. A rotary bag breaking and separating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a scraper that slides and moves on an inner wall surface of said main body drum. 4. The rotary bag breaking and separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an inner wall surface of the main drum is coated with a fluororesin.