JP2001108790A - Method for backwashing radioactive waste water filtering device - Google Patents
Method for backwashing radioactive waste water filtering deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001108790A JP2001108790A JP28756099A JP28756099A JP2001108790A JP 2001108790 A JP2001108790 A JP 2001108790A JP 28756099 A JP28756099 A JP 28756099A JP 28756099 A JP28756099 A JP 28756099A JP 2001108790 A JP2001108790 A JP 2001108790A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- raw water
- water side
- pressure
- backwashing
- filtration surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、原子力施設から発
生する洗濯排水や濃縮廃液等の放射性排水のろ過に用い
られる放射性排水ろ過装置の逆洗方法に関するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for backwashing a radioactive wastewater filtration device used for filtering radioactive wastewater such as washing wastewater or concentrated wastewater generated from nuclear facilities.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】原子力発電所等の原子力施設で作業員が
着用した作業服や靴下等の衣類には、汗や脂等の有機物
や砂粒等の無機物の他に、微量の放射性核種が付着して
いる可能性がある。このためこれらの衣類を洗濯した排
水は、放射性排水ろ過装置により浄化する必要がある。
また原子力施設の冷却水や雑用水を蒸発缶で濃縮した濃
縮廃液にも微量の放射性核種が含まれている可能性があ
るため、放射性排水ろ過装置により浄化する必要があ
る。この放射性排水ろ過装置には、孔径が0.1 μm 以下
のセラミックフィルタを用いることが好ましい。2. Description of the Related Art In addition to organic substances such as sweat and fat and inorganic substances such as sand particles, trace amounts of radioactive nuclides adhere to clothes such as work clothes and socks worn by workers at nuclear facilities such as nuclear power plants. Could be. For this reason, it is necessary to purify the wastewater from washing these clothes by a radioactive wastewater filtration device.
Also, since concentrated wastewater obtained by condensing cooling water and miscellaneous water of a nuclear facility with an evaporator may contain a small amount of radionuclide, it is necessary to purify the wastewater with a radioactive wastewater filtration device. It is preferable to use a ceramic filter having a pore size of 0.1 μm or less for the radioactive drainage filtration device.
【０００３】図３は従来から用いられている放射性排水
ろ過装置の概念図であり、循環タンク１に貯留された放
射性排水は循環ポンプ２により汲み上げられてセラミッ
クフィルタ３に循環される。セラミックフィルタ３は好
ましくは多数の貫通孔４を持つモノリス型のフィルタで
あり、原水である放射性排水はこれらの貫通孔４内を循
環する間に貫通孔４の周囲のろ過面でろ過され、ろ過水
はセラミックフィルタ３の側面からろ過水タンク５に取
り出される。また濃縮された放射性排水は、原水循環経
路６を経由して循環タンク１に戻される。[0003] FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional radioactive wastewater filtration device, in which radioactive wastewater stored in a circulation tank 1 is pumped up by a circulation pump 2 and circulated through a ceramic filter 3. The ceramic filter 3 is preferably a monolithic filter having a large number of through-holes 4, and the radioactive waste water as raw water is filtered through a filtration surface around the through-holes 4 while circulating in the through-holes 4. Water is taken out from the side of the ceramic filter 3 to the filtered water tank 5. The concentrated radioactive wastewater is returned to the circulation tank 1 via the raw water circulation path 6.
【０００４】ところが、このセラミックフィルタ３は孔
径が小さいうえに、放射性排水中には様々な有機物や無
機物が含まれているため、ろ過面に次第に堆積物が付着
して目詰まりを生ずる。そこで従来、セラミックフィル
タ３が目詰まりした際には、循環ポンプ２を停止して原
水側の圧力を開放するとともに、図４に示すように逆洗
ポンプ８により加圧したろ過水又は清水を、セラミック
フィルタ３のろ過水側から原水側に流す逆洗を行ってい
た。この逆洗によりろ過面に付着している堆積物は剥離
されるため、目詰まりを解消することができる。However, since the ceramic filter 3 has a small pore size and contains various organic and inorganic substances in the radioactive waste water, deposits gradually adhere to the filtration surface to cause clogging. Therefore, conventionally, when the ceramic filter 3 is clogged, the circulation pump 2 is stopped to release the pressure on the raw water side, and the filtered water or fresh water pressurized by the backwash pump 8 as shown in FIG. Backwashing was performed by flowing the ceramic filter 3 from the filtered water side to the raw water side. The sediment adhering to the filtration surface is peeled off by this back washing, so that clogging can be eliminated.
【０００５】しかし図４に示すように、ろ過面の堆積物
７は均一に付着しているのではなく、必ずムラがある。
このため、従来法による逆洗では堆積物７が少なく水の
通りやすい部分に逆洗水が集中して流れる傾向が強く、
ろ過面全体を均等に洗浄することができないという問題
があった。また、ろ過面の堆積物７を逆洗水の水流によ
り押し流す方法であるため、固く付着した堆積物７はろ
過面から剥離せずに残留することがあった。このため、
ろ過面の差圧（ろ過抵抗）を逆洗によって十分に回復さ
せることができず、頻繁に逆洗を行う必要があった。However, as shown in FIG. 4, the sediment 7 on the filtration surface does not adhere uniformly, but always has unevenness.
For this reason, in the backwashing by the conventional method, the backwash water has a strong tendency to concentrate and flow in a portion where the sediment 7 is small and the water easily passes.
There was a problem that the entire filtration surface could not be washed evenly. In addition, since the sediment 7 on the filtration surface is flushed by the backwash water flow, the sediment 7 that has firmly adhered may remain without being separated from the filtration surface. For this reason,
The differential pressure (filtration resistance) on the filtration surface could not be sufficiently recovered by backwashing, and frequent backwashing had to be performed.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記した従来
の問題点を解決して、ろ過面全体を均等に逆洗すること
ができ、固く付着した堆積物をも除去することができる
放射性排水ろ過装置の逆洗方法を提供するためになされ
たものである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems and can uniformly backwash the entire filtration surface and remove solid deposits. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for backwashing a filtration device.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
めになされた本発明の放射性排水ろ過装置の逆洗方法
は、洗濯排水や濃縮廃液等の放射性排水をクロスフロー
でろ過するセラミックフィルタが目詰まりした際、セラ
ミックフィルタのろ過面を挟んで原水側と透過水側の双
方から圧力を加え、その後に原水側の圧力を急激に抜く
ことにより、ろ過面に付着している堆積物を衝撃的に原
水側に剥離させることを特徴とするものである。このた
め、セラミックフィルタからの原水循環経路に設けられ
たバルブを閉止してセラミックフィルタの原水側の圧力
を高め、このバルブを急激に開くことにより原水側の圧
力を急激に抜く方法を取ることができる。なお、加圧時
には透過水側の圧力を原水側の圧力よりも高くしておく
ことが好ましい。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method for backwashing a radioactive wastewater filtration apparatus, comprising a ceramic filter for filtering radioactive wastewater such as washing wastewater and concentrated wastewater through a cross flow. When clogging occurs, pressure is applied from both the raw water side and the permeated water side across the filtration surface of the ceramic filter, and then the pressure on the raw water side is suddenly released. It is characterized in that it is peeled off to the raw water side. For this reason, a method of closing the valve provided in the raw water circulation path from the ceramic filter to increase the pressure on the raw water side of the ceramic filter, and rapidly opening the valve to rapidly release the pressure on the raw water side is adopted. it can. At the time of pressurization, it is preferable that the pressure on the permeate side be higher than the pressure on the raw water side.
【０００８】本発明によれば、ろ過面全体に急激な圧力
差を与えて堆積物を衝撃的に原水側に剥離させることが
できるため、従来法よりもろ過面全体を均等に逆洗する
ことができ、固く付着した堆積物も衝撃により除去する
ことができる。[0008] According to the present invention, a sudden pressure difference can be applied to the entire filtration surface to sediment can be impacted off to the raw water side, so that the entire filtration surface is backwashed more uniformly than in the conventional method. , And the solid deposits can be removed by impact.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明の好ましい実施形態
を示す。図１において、１は洗濯排水や濃縮廃液等の放
射性排水が貯留されている循環タンク、２は循環ポン
プ、３は多数の貫通孔４を持つモノリス型のセラミック
フィルタである。従来と同様に原水である放射性排水は
これらの貫通孔４内を循環する間に周囲のろ過面でクロ
スフローろ過され、ろ過水はろ過水タンク５に取り出さ
れる。また濃縮された放射性排水は、原水循環経路６を
経由して循環タンク１に戻される。なお、８は逆洗ポン
プ、９は原水循環経路６に設けられたバルブである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a circulation tank for storing radioactive wastewater such as washing wastewater and concentrated waste liquid, reference numeral 2 denotes a circulation pump, and reference numeral 3 denotes a monolithic ceramic filter having many through holes 4. As before, the radioactive waste water, which is raw water, is cross-flow filtered on the surrounding filtration surface while circulating in the through holes 4, and the filtered water is taken out to the filtered water tank 5. The concentrated radioactive wastewater is returned to the circulation tank 1 via the raw water circulation path 6. In addition, 8 is a backwash pump and 9 is a valve provided in the raw water circulation path 6.
【００１０】次に、このセラミックフィルタ３が目詰り
した際の逆洗方法を、図２により説明する。まず通常の
ろ過時には、図２の上段に示すように貫通孔４内に原水
の循環流が形成されており、原水中の汚濁物質がろ過面
に堆積物７として付着して行く。逆洗時には、原水循環
経路６に設けられたバルブ９を閉じて貫通孔４内の循環
流を停止するが、循環ポンプ２の運転は継続してろ過面
の原水側に圧力を加える。一方、逆洗ポンプ８によりろ
過面の透過水側にもろ過水又は清水による圧力を加え、
図２の中段に示した状態とする。Next, a method of back washing when the ceramic filter 3 is clogged will be described with reference to FIG. First, during normal filtration, a circulating flow of raw water is formed in the through-hole 4 as shown in the upper part of FIG. 2, and pollutants in the raw water adhere as deposits 7 on the filtration surface. At the time of backwashing, the valve 9 provided in the raw water circulation path 6 is closed to stop the circulating flow in the through hole 4, but the operation of the circulation pump 2 continues to apply pressure to the raw water side of the filtration surface. On the other hand, the backwash pump 8 also applies pressure by filtered water or fresh water to the permeated water side of the filtration surface,
The state shown in the middle part of FIG.
【００１１】このように、セラミックフィルタ３のろ過
面を挟んで原水側と透過水側の双方から圧力を加える
が、その際に透過水側の圧力をやや高くしておくことが
好ましい。その圧力差はほぼろ過抵抗に相当する大きさ
とすればよく、例えば原水側を25〜45N/cm2 、透過水側
を30〜50N/cm2 とする。これにより、ろ過面を挟んで両
側の圧力がほぼバランスした状態となる。なお圧力の制
御は制御装置１０により行われる。As described above, pressure is applied from both the raw water side and the permeated water side across the filtration surface of the ceramic filter 3, and it is preferable that the pressure on the permeated water side is slightly increased. The pressure difference may be sized to correspond substantially filtration resistance, for example, the raw water side 25~45N / cm 2, the permeate side 30~50N / cm 2. As a result, the pressure on both sides of the filtration surface is substantially balanced. The control of the pressure is performed by the control device 10.
【００１２】次に、制御装置１０からの指令によって原
水循環経路６に設けられたバルブ９が急激に開放され、
原水側の圧力を急激に抜く。この際、ろ過面全体に瞬時
に大きい圧力差が形成されるため、図２の下段に示すよ
うにろ過面に付着していた堆積物７は衝撃的に原水側に
剥離される。またバルブ９の開放により貫通孔４内に原
水の循環流が形成されるため、剥離された堆積物７はこ
の循環流に乗ってセラミックフィルタ３の外部に排出さ
れる。Next, the valve 9 provided in the raw water circulation path 6 is rapidly opened by a command from the control device 10,
Suddenly release the pressure on the raw water side. At this time, since a large pressure difference is instantaneously formed on the entire filtration surface, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 2, the deposit 7 adhered to the filtration surface is impacted and peeled off to the raw water side. Further, since the circulation flow of the raw water is formed in the through hole 4 by opening the valve 9, the separated sediment 7 is discharged to the outside of the ceramic filter 3 along the circulation flow.
【００１３】この逆洗方法によれば、ろ過面を挟んで原
水側と透過水側の双方から圧力を加えたうえ、原水側の
圧力を急激に抜くことにより、ろ過面に直接に衝撃力を
作用させることができる。しかもこの衝撃力は堆積物７
の厚みに関係なく、ろ過面全体に均等に作用する。この
ため、本発明によればろ過面全体を均等に逆洗すること
ができ、固く付着した堆積物７をも衝撃的に除去するこ
とができるようになる。According to this backwashing method, the pressure is applied from both the raw water side and the permeated water side across the filtration surface, and the pressure on the raw water side is rapidly released, so that the impact force is directly applied to the filtration surface. Can work. In addition, the impact force is
Irrespective of the thickness of the filter, it acts uniformly on the entire filtration surface. For this reason, according to the present invention, the entire filtration surface can be evenly backwashed, and the solid deposit 7 that has firmly adhered can be removed by impact.
【００１４】例えば、図１に示した放射性排水ろ過装置
のセラミックフィルタ３の差圧が初期状態で6N/cm2であ
るとき、目詰りした後に従来方法により逆洗を行っても
差圧を9N/cm2にまでしか回復させることができなかった
のに対し、本発明の逆洗方法によると差圧を7N/cm2にま
で回復させることができた。For example, when the differential pressure of the ceramic filter 3 of the radioactive drainage filtration device shown in FIG. 1 is 6 N / cm 2 in the initial state, the differential pressure is 9 N even if back washing is performed by the conventional method after clogging. / only up to cm 2 whereas it was not possible to recover, the differential pressure according to the backwash process of the present invention was able to be restored to 7N / cm 2.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】以上に説明したように、本発明の逆洗方
法によれば放射性排水ろ過装置のセラミックフィルタが
目詰りした際に、ろ過面全体を均等に逆洗することがで
き、固く付着した堆積物をも除去することができる。こ
のため従来に比較して逆洗の頻度を低下させることがで
き、設備の稼働率を向上させることができる利点があ
る。またセラミックフィルタの使用寿命を大幅に延長さ
せることができるので、二次廃棄物である放射能で汚染
されたセラミックフィルタの発生量を抑制できる利点が
ある。As described above, according to the backwashing method of the present invention, when the ceramic filter of the radioactive drainage filter is clogged, the entire filter surface can be backwashed evenly and firmly adhered. The deposited sediment can also be removed. Therefore, there is an advantage that the frequency of backwashing can be reduced as compared with the related art, and the operation rate of the equipment can be improved. Further, since the service life of the ceramic filter can be greatly extended, there is an advantage that the amount of the ceramic filter contaminated by radioactivity as secondary waste can be suppressed.
【図１】本発明の実施形態を示す配管系統図である。FIG. 1 is a piping diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の逆洗原理を示す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a backwash principle of the present invention.
【図３】従来例を示す配管系統図である。FIG. 3 is a piping system diagram showing a conventional example.
【図４】従来の逆洗原理を示す説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a conventional backwashing principle.
１ 循環タンク、２ 循環ポンプ、３ セラミックフィ
ルタ、４ 貫通孔、５ろ過水タンク、６ 原水循環経
路、７ 堆積物、８ 逆洗ポンプ、９ バルブ、１０
制御装置1 circulation tank, 2 circulation pump, 3 ceramic filter, 4 through hole, 5 filtered water tank, 6 raw water circulation path, 7 sediment, 8 backwash pump, 9 valve, 10
Control device
Claims (3)
ロスフローでろ過するセラミックフィルタが目詰まりし
た際、セラミックフィルタのろ過面を挟んで原水側と透
過水側の双方から圧力を加え、その後に原水側の圧力を
急激に抜くことにより、ろ過面に付着している堆積物を
衝撃的に原水側に剥離させることを特徴とする放射性排
水ろ過装置の逆洗方法。When a ceramic filter for filtering radioactive wastewater such as washing wastewater or concentrated wastewater by a cross flow is clogged, pressure is applied from both a raw water side and a permeated water side across a filtration surface of the ceramic filter. A method for backwashing a radioactive drainage filtration apparatus, wherein the pressure on the raw water side is rapidly released to thereby cause sediment adhering to the filtration surface to be impacted and peeled off to the raw water side.
に設けられたバルブを閉止してセラミックフィルタの原
水側の圧力を高め、このバルブを急激に開くことにより
原水側の圧力を急激に抜く請求項１に記載の放射性排水
ろ過装置の逆洗方法。2. The raw water side pressure of the ceramic filter is increased by closing a valve provided in a raw water circulation path from the ceramic filter, and the raw water side pressure is rapidly released by rapidly opening the valve. 7. The method for backwashing a radioactive drainage filtration device according to item 1.
くした請求項１に記載の放射性排水ろ過装置の逆洗方
法。3. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure on the permeated water side is higher than the pressure on the raw water side.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28756099A JP3904774B2 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 1999-10-08 | Backwashing method for radioactive waste water filtration equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28756099A JP3904774B2 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 1999-10-08 | Backwashing method for radioactive waste water filtration equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001108790A true JP2001108790A (en) | 2001-04-20 |
| JP3904774B2 JP3904774B2 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
Family
ID=17718934
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28756099A Expired - Lifetime JP3904774B2 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 1999-10-08 | Backwashing method for radioactive waste water filtration equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3904774B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190001277A1 (en) * | 2017-06-03 | 2019-01-03 | Water Recovery Systems, Llc | Method and apparatus for treating commercial and industrial laundry wastewater |
-
1999
- 1999-10-08 JP JP28756099A patent/JP3904774B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3904774B2 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
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