JP2001107024A - Leakage inhibitor and process for inhibiting leakage - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a simple leakage inhibitor which is easily applied, does not deteriorate the appearance of building structures and shows an excellent blocking performance at leakage points. SOLUTION: A leakage inhibitor comprises (a) a surfactant, (b) an aluminum compound, (c) a basic substance and, if required, (d) water.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water leakage preventing agent and a water leakage preventing method having good water stopping performance, and more particularly, to a water leakage preventing method by entering a crack or a hole causing water leakage and filling the gap. The present invention relates to a water leakage preventing agent capable of preventing intrusion, and a method of preventing water leakage by spraying or injecting the water leakage preventing agent onto a roof, floor, or wall surface of a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art To stop water leakage from a roof, a floor or a wall surface, apply or fill a sealing agent in a hole, a crack or a gap where a water leak enters such as a crack or a gap, or in a case where a leak leakage intrusion is unknown. Must be completely blown down on the roof, repainted on the entire surface of the waterproof sheet, sprayed on the wall, and completely repainted on the tiles. In many cases, it is extremely difficult to identify the infiltration point of the leaked water, so that simple repair simply by applying and filling the sealant is often not solved. In the case of rain leaks, the compensation period is often as long as 5 to 10 years, and during the compensation period, the contractor is forced to pay a large amount of money for each contractor, and after the expiration of the compensation period, the owner is responsible for a large amount of cost. .
In the case of concrete structures, asphalt and urethane waterproof joints are often used for concrete joints. However, if the joint surface is wet or wet at the time of construction, the adhesion of asphalt or urethane to concrete is lost, and the water leakage preventing ability as a waterproof joint is lost. Therefore, when applying these waterproof joints, it is necessary to completely dry the joint surface before performing the joint. In addition, if drying of the joint surface is partially incomplete, it causes water leakage. In this regard, Tokuhei 7-966
No. 72 discloses a spray rain preventive agent, and discloses a method of spraying the spray rain preventive agent at a location where water leakage has occurred, and closing a crack causing water leak with a water-insoluble powdery material. I have. However, when the width of cracks and cracks is wide, there is a problem that it is difficult to adapt. Also, WO99 / 2
No. 9798 describes a gelling resin and a permeable waterproofing agent containing a gelling agent thereof as a main component, and a water leakage prevention material obtained by impregnating the same with a spongy substance. However, the osmotic waterproofing agent disclosed herein is excellent in terms of waterproofing effect, but may cause problems in viscosity adjustment, stability with time in a gel state, and the like, and improvement thereof has been desired.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to the development of a water leakage preventive agent which has an excellent ability to block water leaks and can be applied to wide cracks and cracks without impairing the appearance of the building and which does not require much labor for construction. Aim.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have reached the present invention. That is, the present invention provides: 1. a water leakage preventing agent comprising (a) a surfactant, (b) an aluminum compound and (c) a basic substance; 2. The water leakage preventive according to the above item 1, wherein the component (b) is an aluminum compound which forms a gel by reacting with a basic substance or with water in the presence of a basic substance. (A) a surfactant, (b) an aluminum compound,
3. a water leakage preventive comprising (c) a basic substance and (d) water; (C) the water leakage preventive according to the above item 3, wherein the basic substance is an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide; 5. The water leakage preventive according to the above item 3, wherein the pH is 8 or less; 6. A method for preventing water leakage, which comprises injecting the water leakage prevention agent according to any one of the above items 1 to 5 into the water leakage infiltration inlet with water after spraying; (A) a surfactant, (b) an aluminum compound,
The present invention relates to a method for preventing water leakage, which comprises applying (c) a basic substance and (d) four components of water or a reaction product thereof to a water leakage site.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
In the following, “parts” means “parts by mass” unless otherwise specified. The water leakage preventing agent of the present invention comprises (a) a surfactant, (b) an aluminum compound and (c) a basic substance as essential components, and mixes them, preferably powders, to obtain the three components. And a water leakage preventing agent. A preferred embodiment of the water leakage preventing agent of the present invention is a water leakage preventing agent containing (a) a surfactant, (b) an aluminum compound, (c) a basic substance, and (d) water. It can be obtained by blending the components in any order. The surfactant (component (a)) used in the water leakage preventive agent of the present invention has a role of facilitating the water leakage preventive component to a leak infiltration point, and water is leaked after the water leakage preventive agent of the present invention is applied to the water leak point. It is thought that it also plays a role in making it difficult for water to enter the location and increasing the effect of preventing water leakage. The surfactant is preferably an anionic surfactant, and examples thereof include sulfonic acid-based surfactants such as alkylbenzenesulfonic acid and fatty acid-based surfactants. If so, there is no particular limitation, but about 10 to 50, preferably 14
About 30. The aliphatic hydrocarbon residue in these surfactants may be either saturated or unsaturated.
Among these surfactants, fatty acid alkali metal salts are
A part thereof reacts with the component (b) to produce a fatty acid aluminum salt, which is preferable because it imparts water repellency to the gel containing aluminum hydroxide as a main component. Specific examples include a potassium salt or a sodium salt of a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having a carbon number in the range of 14 to 30, such as stearic acid, oleic acid or palmitic acid.

As the aluminum compound (component (b)) used in the present invention, a gel containing aluminum hydroxide as a main component by reacting with a basic substance or reacting with water in the presence of a basic substance is used. A substance which forms a gel is preferable, and a substance which forms a gel containing aluminum hydroxide as a main component by mixing with an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, for example, is more preferable. Specific examples include an aluminum salt compound of a strong acid such as sulfuric acid or nitric acid. In the case of a divalent or higher valent acid, a part thereof may be substituted with an alkali metal other than aluminum.
Preferred compounds include aluminum sulfate compounds, such as aluminum sulfate, aluminum ammonium sulfate, aluminum potassium sulfate, aluminum cesium sulfate, aluminum thallium sulfate, aluminum sodium sulfate, lithium aluminum sulfate, and rubidium aluminum sulfate. Part of the aluminum compound is formed by a basic substance (c) such as an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide.
It becomes a gel containing aluminum hydroxide as a main component, and this gel closes a leak-infiltration point such as a hole or a crack or a gap. The unreacted aluminum compound becomes a gel containing aluminum hydroxide as a main component due to an alkali component contained in water leakage during cracking, and this gel also has a closing function.

[0007] The basic substance (component (c)) used in the present invention is used to react with the component (b) to form a gel containing aluminum hydroxide as a main component. Is preferably 8.0 or less, more preferably 7 to 5. Examples of the basic substance include hydroxides or carbonates of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals. Specifically, examples of the alkali metal hydroxide include potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and lithium hydroxide.Examples of the alkaline earth metal hydroxide include strontium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide.
Examples of the alkali metal carbonate include sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and examples of the alkaline earth metal carbonate include calcium carbonate. Preferred basic substances include alkali metal hydroxides or alkaline earth metal hydroxides. In addition, it is preferable to use a basic compound having low hygroscopicity for preparing the water leakage preventive agent of the present invention containing no water.

The mixing ratios of the surfactant (component (a)), aluminum compound (component (b)) and basic substance (component (c)) in the present invention differ depending on the compound used, and cannot be unconditionally determined. However, as a rough guide to the total of the three, the following is given. The surfactant (component (a)) is at least 4% or more, preferably 10% or more.
% Or more, more preferably 15% or more, and 40%
Or less, preferably 30% or less. The aluminum compound (component (b)) is at least 30% or more, preferably 40% or more, more preferably 50% or more;
And 95% or less, preferably 90% or less, more preferably 85% or less.

The basic substance (component (c)) contains at least one
% Or more, preferably 3% or more, and 30% or less,
It is preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, but finally, when the three components (a), (b) and (c) are mixed with water, The pH is preferably adjusted with component (c) so that the pH is preferably in the range of 5 to 8, more preferably 5 to 7. Therefore, the ratio of the above three is preferably determined in advance by a preliminary test to determine the ratio of the mixed solution of the above three and water so that the pH is in the above range, and then to mix the three. The water leakage preventive agent of the present invention contains the above-mentioned three components of the surfactant (component (a)), the aluminum compound (component (b)) and the basic substance (component (c)) as essential components. Considering the ease of actual use and the like, those containing water (component (d)) are preferred.

[0010] Water is used in a range of usually 0 to 30 times, preferably about 1 to 15 times, in terms of the total amount (mass) of the above three (a) to (c). When water (component (d)) is contained, the ratio of each component to 100 parts of water is preferably as follows. The ratio of the component (a) (surfactant) is usually 0.5 to 20 parts, preferably 1 to 1 part.
0 parts. The proportion of the component (b) (aluminum compound) is usually 2 to 20 parts, preferably 3 to 10 parts. The component (c) (basic substance) is obtained by mixing the above component (a), component (b) and component (c) with water.
It is preferable to adjust the pH of the aqueous solution to be preferably in the range of 5 to 8, more preferably 5 to 7, and usually 0.5 to 20 parts, preferably 1 to 15 parts.

The water leakage preventive of the present invention can be obtained by uniformly mixing the above-mentioned components in the above-mentioned ratio.
In this case, the order of mixing the components is arbitrary, but a basic substance (component (c)) is added to water (component (d)), and then an aluminum compound (component (b)) is added. Further, a method in which a surfactant (component (a)) is added, or a method in which component (c) is added to component (d), component (a) is added, and then component (b) is added after stirring and dissolving.

If necessary, a water-insoluble filler, for example, a water-insoluble powdery substance, fibrous substance or scale-like substance may be mixed in the water leakage preventing agent of the present invention. The water-insoluble powdery material, fibrous material or scale-like material used as the water-insoluble filler may be any of organic powder, inorganic powder, organic fiber, inorganic fiber and the like. In the case of powder, the particle size is 0.001 μm. ~ 1m
Those which are widely and evenly distributed in m are preferable. In the case of a scale, the diameter is preferably about 0.1 to 2 mm. Specific examples include silica sol, silica powder, rosin powder,
Resin particles, clay, wood flour, cellulose powder, zeolite powder, pulp fiber, fibrous zinc oxide, vermiculite,
Perlite, mica and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. When using two or more kinds in combination, a combination that broadens the particle size distribution is preferable.

The compounding amount of the water-insoluble filler is as follows:
It is 5 to 30 parts, preferably about 10 to 20 parts, based on the total of 100 parts (mass) of the three components (c).
When water is contained, the ratio to water is water ((d) component) 1
It is usually 0.3 to 10 parts with respect to 00 parts. When silica sol is used as the water-insoluble powdery material, an amount in the above range in terms of solid content is used. When a water-insoluble filler is used, it is preferable to add these components after the components (a) to (d) have been mixed.

(D) When water is not contained, (a)
If necessary, a water-insoluble filler can be mixed with the mixture of the components (a) to (c), or together with the components (a) to (c), by powder mixing. As a method of using the water leakage preventive agent of the present invention, it is preferable to spray the water near the water leaking inlet where it is found, and it is preferable to further inject the water leak into the water inlet after spraying. If the location of the leak is unknown, the roof will leak,
It can be spread evenly over the floor or wall,
There is no need to paint the roof, floor or walls entirely.

The preferred roof to which the water leakage preventive of the present invention is applied is a reinforced concrete flat roof, which is usually a combination of concrete joint waterproofing and membrane waterproofing such as asphalt waterproofing, sheet waterproofing, and coating film waterproofing. It can be sprayed over the waterproof layer. The floor to which the water leakage preventive agent of the present invention is preferably applied is a bare concrete body, but mortar, paint, sheet, or the like may be placed thereon, and it may be sprayed from above. A preferred outer wall for applying the water leakage preventive of the present invention is cement mortar,
Acrylic lysine spraying, tiled, brick, concrete base, etc.

[0016]

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples.

Example 1 (1) Aluminum sulfate 70 g (2) Sodium stearate 20 g (3) Sodium hydroxide (28% aqueous solution) 30 g (4) Water 1000 g (4) Water of (3) of sodium hydroxide The aqueous solution was added with stirring, and further, the aluminum sulfate of (1) was added with stirring and dissolved. While further stirring this solution, the sodium stearate of (2) is added while stirring,
The water leakage inhibitor of the present invention was obtained.

Separately, a commercially available sand-containing cement (trade name:
2.6 kg of household cement, manufactured by Tokyo Sun Home Co., Ltd.
Is prepared, and after adding 600 g of water to this and kneading well,
It was put into a mold and solidified as the shape shown in FIG. After dividing this concrete container into two (Fig. 2), put a 1mm thick, 5mm wide polyester film spacer,
The pieces were joined together and reinforced with wires, and water was poured into the container in the state shown in FIG. 3, but the water immediately leaked from the joints. The water leakage preventive 30 of the present invention obtained above at the joint of this container
g, left for 3 hours, and then poured until the water was full, but no water leaked from the joint. It was left for three days with water, but no water leaked from the joint. Further, water was drained from the container treated with the water leakage preventing agent of the present invention, and dried at 60 ° C. for 3 days. Water was added until the container was full again, but no water leaked from the seams.

Example 2 (1) Aluminum ammonium sulfate 80 g (2) Sodium oleate 20 g (3) Sodium hydroxide (28% aqueous solution) 20 g (4) Water 1000 g (4) Water of (3) sodium hydroxide of (3) Was added with stirring, and further, aluminum ammonium sulfate (1) was added with stirring to dissolve. This solution was further added with stirring with sodium oleate of (2) to obtain a water leakage preventive of the present invention.

Separately, the same container as in Example 1 was prepared, and the water leakage preventing agent 50 of the present invention obtained above at the joint of this container was obtained.
g, left for 3 hours, and then poured until the water was full, but no water leaked from the joint. It was left for three days with water, but no water leaked from the joint. Further, water was drained from the container treated with the water leakage preventing agent of the present invention, and dried at 60 ° C. for 3 days. Water was added until the container was full again, but no water leaked from the seams.

Example 3 (1) Aluminum sulfate 33 g (2) Semi-hardened tallow fatty acid soda soap 14 g (3) Cellulose powder 10 g (4) Zeolite powder 8 g (5) Lithium hydroxide monohydrate 21 g (6) Water 1000 g The lithium hydroxide monohydrate of (5) is added to the water of (6) with stirring, and the semi-hardened tallow fatty acid soda soap of (2), the powdered cellulose of (3) and the powdered zeolite of (4) are further stirred. While adding and dispersed. While the solution was further stirred, the aluminum sulfate of (1) was added to obtain a water leakage inhibitor of the present invention.

Separately, the same container as in Example 1 was prepared, and 50 g of the water leakage preventive agent of the present invention was poured into the joint of the container. After leaving for 3 hours, water was poured until the container became full. Did not leave. It was left for three days with water, but no water leaked from the joint. Further, water was drained from the container treated with the water leakage preventing agent of the present invention, and dried at 60 ° C. for 3 days. Water was added until the container was full again, but no water leaked from the seams.

[0023]

The water leakage preventive agent of the present invention is applied to mortar or concrete products, so that cracks formed in them are quickly filled with the water leakage preventive agent.
Infiltration water can be prevented from entering the interior. Therefore, it is extremely useful for preventing deterioration of mortar and concrete products.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example of a concrete container.

FIG. 2 shows one of the concrete containers of FIG. 1 divided into two parts.

FIG. 3 shows a water leakage test container in which two pieces of the concrete container of FIG. 1 divided into two parts are combined and fixed with a wire.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Concrete container 2: Seam 3: Wire

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A water leakage preventive comprising (a) a surfactant, (b) an aluminum compound and (c) a basic substance. 2. The water leakage preventive according to claim 1, wherein the component (b) is an aluminum compound which forms a gel by reacting with a basic substance or with water in the presence of a basic substance. 3. A water leakage preventive comprising: a) a surfactant; (b) an aluminum compound; (c) a basic substance; and (d) water. 4. The water leakage preventive according to claim 3, wherein (c) the basic substance is an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide. 5. The water leakage preventive according to claim 3, which has a pH of 8 or less. 6. A method for preventing water leakage, which comprises injecting the water leakage prevention agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 into the water leakage infiltration inlet with water. 7. Water leakage characterized by applying (a) a surfactant, (b) an aluminum compound, (c) a basic substance, and (d) four components of water or a reaction product thereof to a water leakage site. Prevention method.