JPH11190133A - Water leakage preventive method and building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent infiltration of water into the inside part, and to prevent the degradation of mortar/concrete products by filling a water leakage inhibitor from a water leakage inhibitor filling port arranged in a building. SOLUTION: A water leakage inhibitor is filled from a filling port 4 by arranging the water leakage inhibitor filling port 4 in a building so as to directly fill a water leakage inhibitor in an asphalt waterproof joint 8 from outside. 0.1 to 30 pts.wt. of a surface active agent, 0.1 to 20 pts.wt. of a highly water absorptive polymer and 0.1 to 30 pts.wt. of a gelatinizer of a highly water absorptive polymer are included to 100 pts.wt. of water in this water leakage inhibitor. Therefore, the water leakage inhibitor can be made to reliably reach a water leakage place to prevent infiltration of infiltrating water into the inside part, so that the degradation of mortar/concrete products 7 and 7 can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for preventing water leakage and a building having excellent water stopping performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art To stop water leakage from a roof, a floor or a wall, a sealing agent is applied and filled into a leaking point such as a hole or a crack or a gap which causes the leaking. The entire roof must be replaced, the waterproof sheet must be completely replaced, the walls must be spray-painted, and the tiles must be completely replaced. In many cases, it is extremely difficult to identify the infiltration point of the leaked water, so that simple repair simply by applying and filling a sealant is often not solved. In the case of rain leakage, the compensation period is often as long as 5 to 10 years, during which time the contractor, the contractor whose compensation has expired, and sometimes the owner, have to bear a large amount of expenses. Have been. In this regard, Tokuhei 7-966
No. 72 discloses a rain leak preventive for spraying, and discloses a method of closing a crack which causes water leakage with a water-insoluble powdery material. However, buildings in recent years often cover the surface of the building frame with decorative panels, tiles, heat insulating materials, insulation material retainers, etc. There was a drawback that it was difficult to reach the entry point.

[0003]

It is desired to develop a method for preventing water leakage from a crack in a building or water leakage from a waterproof joint, which is inexpensive and requires no labor for construction.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have reached the present invention. That is, the present invention provides (1) a method for preventing water leakage, which comprises injecting a water leakage prevention agent from a water leakage prevention agent injection port provided in a building. (2) a water leakage preventing agent is (a) a surfactant, (b) a superabsorbent polymer, (c) a gelling agent for a superabsorbent polymer,
And (d) a method for preventing water leakage as described in the above item (1), wherein (a) a surfactant is used in an amount of 0.1 to 30 with respect to 100 parts by weight of water of (d). Parts by weight, (b)
The method for preventing water leakage according to the above (2), wherein the superabsorbent polymer is 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, (c) the gelling agent for the superabsorbent polymer is 0.1 to 30 parts by weight, and (4) the superabsorbent polymer. Are poly (meth) acrylic acid derivatives, alginic acid derivatives,
The method for preventing water leakage according to the above (2) or (3), which is at least one selected from a starch derivative and a cellulose derivative, (5) the superabsorbent polymer is sodium poly (meth) acrylate, poly (meth) Acrylic acid amide,
The above item (4), which is at least one selected from alginic acid, sodium alginate, potassium alginate, propylene glycol alginate, starch, sodium starch glycolate, sodium starch phosphate, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose and sodium carboxymethylcellulose. (6) a compound capable of generating a divalent or higher valent metal ion in water is a silicate, a water-soluble alkaline earth metal salt,
Any one of the above items (1) to (5), which is at least one selected from alum, a water-soluble aluminum salt, a water-soluble iron salt, a water-soluble manganese salt, a water-soluble zinc salt, and an alkaline earth metal oxide; (8) A structure provided with an inlet for allowing a water leakage preventive agent to reach a water leakage point.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail.
The water leakage preventing agent used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has sufficient fluidity to be injected from a water leakage preventing agent inlet described later. For example, the water leakage preventing agent described in JP-B-7-96672. Examples include an inhibitor, and (a) a surfactant, (b) a superabsorbent polymer, (c) a gelling agent for the superabsorbent polymer, and (d) a water leakage inhibitor containing water are preferred.

Hereinafter, the water leakage preventing agent which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In the above, the surfactant (component (a)) prevents the water leakage preventive agent from reaching the water leakage infiltration point immediately when the water leakage preventive agent of the present invention is injected from the water leakage preventive agent injection port provided in the building. There is work to help. The surfactant may be of any kind,
Anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric, etc., specifically, fatty acid salts, phosphates, polyoxyethylene glycol, tetraalkyl ammonium salts,
Examples thereof include an alkyl ether sulfate, an alpha olefin sulfonate, and a fatty acid alkanolamide, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. From the viewpoint of the environment, it is preferable to select one having good biodegradability. Specific examples include fatty acid sodium, fatty acid potassium, sodium alkyl ether sulfate, sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate, fatty acid alkanolamide, alkylamine oxide and the like.
The amount of the surfactant is usually 0.1 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 0.3 to 1 part by weight, per 100 parts by weight of water (component (d)).
0 parts by weight.

[0007] The superabsorbent polymer (component (b)) is
The part reacts with the gelling agent (component (c)) of the superabsorbent polymer to form a water-insoluble gel, and the unreacted residue becomes a binder for the gel. Work to prevent As the superabsorbent polymer used in the present invention, a substance that absorbs and swells in a short time and swells up to about several hundred times its own weight is used, and a non-crosslinked polymer is preferable. Specific examples of the superabsorbent polymer that can be used include alkali metal poly (meth) acrylate, sodium (meth) acrylate-vinyl alcohol copolymer (saponified methyl (meth) acrylate-vinyl acetate copolymer). Saponified poly (meth) acrylonitrile polymer, hydroxyethyl methacrylate polymer, poly (meth) acrylic acid derivative such as poly (meth) acrylamide, alginic acid derivative such as alginic acid, sodium alginate, potassium alginate, propylene glycol alginate, starch , Starch derivatives such as sodium starch glycolate, potassium starch glycolate, sodium starch phosphate, potassium potassium phosphate, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxy Chill cellulose sodium, cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethyl cellulose potassium. Preferred are sodium poly (meth) acrylate, poly (meth) acrylamide, alginic acid, sodium alginate, potassium alginate, propylene glycol alginate, starch, sodium starch glycolate, sodium starch phosphate, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose Or sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
These superabsorbent polymers may be used alone or as a mixture. The amount of superabsorbent polymer is water ((d) component)
It is usually 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.2 to 10 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight.

Further, another hydrophilic paste may be mixed with the superabsorbent polymer. The hydrophilic sizing agent may be any of a natural sizing agent, a synthetic polymer sizing agent, and the like, but is preferably a synthetic polymer sizing agent that does not easily rot. Specific examples include polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, gelatin, glue, and acrylic emulsion. When the hydrophilic paste is used, the amount of the hydrophilic paste is usually 1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of water (component (d)). The hydrophilic paste functions to prevent the water leakage preventive agent from flowing out after entering the water leakage entry point.

[0009] The gelling agent for the superabsorbent polymer is 2
A compound that produces a metal cation with a valence of at least 2, specifically, silicate, water-soluble alkaline earth metal salt, alum, water-soluble aluminum salt, water-soluble iron salt, water-soluble manganese salt, water-soluble zinc salt or alkaline earth Metal oxides and the like, silicates are bentonite, montmorillonite, silicate minerals such as smectite, and water-soluble alkaline earth metal salts are calcium acetate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, magnesium acetate, magnesium chloride, magnesium chloride, Magnesium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, and the like.Examples of alum include aluminum potassium alum, iron alum, and the like, and water-soluble aluminum salts include aluminum acetate, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, and aluminum nitrate. Is iron acetate, iron chloride, iron sulfate, iron nitrate, etc. The manganese salt of manganese acetate,
Manganese chloride, manganese sulfate and the like; water-soluble zinc salts include zinc acetate, zinc chloride, zinc nitrate and zinc sulfate; and alkaline earth metal oxides include magnesium oxide and calcium oxide. Preferred are bentonite, montmorillonite, smectite, magnesium acetate, calcium acetate, aluminum acetate, and aluminum sulfate. The function of the gelling agent for the superabsorbent polymer is to make the superabsorbent polymer a water-insoluble gel, but the resulting gel has poor fluidity. Therefore, it has a function of preventing the water leakage preventive agent from flowing out after entering the water leakage entry point. Further, since the gel becomes insoluble in water, the gel does not flow again after being dissolved in water after closing the leak entry point. The amount of the gelling agent for the superabsorbent polymer is usually 0.1 to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of water (component (d)).
Although it is a part by weight, its gelling ability varies depending on individual substances, but it is preferable that the amount of the superabsorbent polymer used is not more than the amount of the silicate mineral.

If necessary, a water-insoluble powdery substance, fibrous substance or scale-like substance may be mixed in the water leakage preventive containing such components (a) to (d). The water-insoluble powder, fibrous or flaky material may be any of organic powder, inorganic powder, organic fiber, and inorganic fiber. In the case of powder, the particle size is widely and uniformly from 0.1 micron to 1 mm. Those that are distributed are preferred. In the case of a fibrous material, the fiber length is about 1 micron to 2 mm. In the case of a scale, the diameter is preferably about 0.5 mm to 3 mm. As a specific example,
Rosin powder, resin particles, clay, wood flour, pulp fiber, fibrous zinc oxide, vermiculite, perlite, mica and the like are included. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. When using two or more kinds in combination, a combination that broadens the particle size distribution is preferable. Since the water leakage preventive preferably used in the present invention has a gel of a superabsorbent polymer, water-insoluble powdery materials, fibrous materials or flakes are less likely to settle, and have good dispersion stability. The compounding amount of the water-insoluble powdery substance, fibrous substance or scale-like substance is usually 2 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of water (component (d)).

The water leakage preventive preferably used in the present invention can be obtained by uniformly mixing the above components at a predetermined ratio. In this case, the order of mixing the components is arbitrary.

In the method for preventing water leakage according to the present invention, a building is provided with an inlet for the water leakage prevention agent so that the water leakage prevention agent can quickly reach the leak infiltration point. The role of the inlet is the path through which the water leakage prevention agent can pass from the surface of the building to the skeleton so that the water leakage prevention agent directly reaches the surface of the building skeleton. The shape and size of the injection port and the injection path may be any, and a gap may be provided at the surface joint to provide the injection port and the path. Moreover, you may install a tubular thing like a pipe. The inlet may be covered at all times except when used. For example, if a roof slab concrete is provided with asphalt waterproof joints on the roof of a building, and there is a heat insulating material and further insulation insulating concrete on it, provide an inlet so that the water leakage preventive agent can reach the waterproof joints directly. Is preferred. Normally, the insulating material holding concrete is partitioned independently of the asphalt waterproof joint, but in the case of the present invention, according to the asphalt waterproof joint,
It is preferable to partition the heat insulating material and the heat insulating concrete. As the partitioning material, a material using expanded polystyrene or the like as a core material is used, but a notch portion may be provided in the partitioning material to serve as an injection port. Alternatively, a pipe from the insulating material holding concrete surface to the slab concrete or the waterproof joint may be provided. The inlet may be closed with a lid or the like, except when injecting the water leakage prevention agent. In addition, asphalt waterproof joints are usually provided on the concrete building walls on the outer walls of the building, and decorative panels and tiles are attached thereon. Also in this case, it is preferable to provide an inlet so that the water leakage preventive agent can directly reach the waterproof joint. The inlet may be cut off at the joint of the decorative panel or tile. In such a case, the water leakage preventing agent enters into cracks generated in the gap between the waterproof joint and the concrete, and water leakage can be prevented. Also, when the building is an underground buried structure, the leakage is usually due to groundwater. It is preferable to provide an inlet with a pipe or the like so that the water leakage prevention agent can reach the joint at the outer joint portion of the underground buried object. The inlet does not have to be at the surface at all, but is preferably provided inside through the wall of the object to be buried and usually closed with a lid.

[0013]

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples.

Test Example 1 (1) Surfactant: Sodium stearate 10 g
(Reagent, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (2) Superabsorbent polymer: sodium polyacrylate
7 g (trade name: Panakaya F, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) (3) Gelling agent for superabsorbent polymer: montmorillonite 30 g (trade name: Kunipia-F, manufactured by Kunimine Industries Co., Ltd.) (4) Water 1000 g Mix well to obtain a viscous liquid.

"Confirmation of the effect of preventing the viscous liquid from leaking water"
Separately, 3.0 Kg of commercially available sand-containing cement (trade name: Aso Katei Cement, manufactured by Aso Cement Co., Ltd.) was prepared, 800 g of water was added thereto, and the mixture was kneaded well. As a solid. Divide this concrete container into two parts (Fig. 2) and reinforce with a wire.
When water was poured after returning to the state of FIG. 3, water immediately flowed out from the joint of the container. 20 g of the above viscous liquid was applied to the inside of this container with a brush. After one hour, the water was poured until it was full, but there was no leakage. After standing for 30 minutes, water was drained from the container, and the container was dried at 60 ° C. for 3 days. After the vessel had cooled to room temperature, it was poured again with water, but no water leaked out of the seams. Also, it was left for three days with water in it,
No water leaked from the seams.

Test Example 2 (1) Surfactant: 5 g of sodium stearate (reagent, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.): 5 g of sodium lauryl sulfate (trade name: Emal 10 powder, manufactured by Kao Corporation) (2) High Water-absorbing polymer: sodium alginate 20
g (reagent, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (3) Gelling agent for superabsorbent polymer: smectite 5
0 g (trade name: Smecton, manufactured by Kunimine Industries Co., Ltd.) (4) Water 1000 g These were sufficiently mixed to obtain a viscous liquid.

"Confirmation of the effect of preventing the viscous liquid from leaking water"
Separately, 3.0 Kg of commercially available sand-containing cement (trade name: Aso Katei Cement, manufactured by Aso Cement Co., Ltd.) was prepared, 800 g of water was added thereto, and the mixture was kneaded well. As a solid. Divide this concrete container into two parts (Fig. 2) and reinforce with a wire.
When water was poured after returning to the state of FIG. 3, water immediately flowed out from the joint of the container. 20 g of the above viscous liquid was applied to the inside of this container with a brush. After one hour, the water was poured until it was full, but there was no leakage. After standing for 30 minutes, water was drained from the container, and the container was dried at 60 ° C. for 3 days. After the vessel had cooled to room temperature, it was poured again with water, but no water leaked out of the seams. Also, it was left for three days with water in it,
No water leaked from the seams.

Test Example 3 (1) Surfactant: 20 g of sodium lauryl sulfate
(Product name: Emal 10 powder, manufactured by Kao Corporation) (2) Superabsorbent polymer: 10 g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (reagent, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (3) Gelling agent of superabsorbent polymer: calcium acetate
5 g (reagent, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (4) Water 1000 g These were sufficiently mixed to obtain a viscous liquid.

"Confirmation of the effect of preventing the viscous liquid from leaking water"
Separately, 3.0 Kg of commercially available sand-containing cement (trade name: Aso Katei Cement, manufactured by Aso Cement Co., Ltd.) was prepared, 800 g of water was added thereto, and the mixture was kneaded well. As a solid. Divide this concrete container into two parts (Fig. 2) and reinforce with a wire.
When water was poured after returning to the state of FIG. 3, water immediately flowed out from the joint of the container. 20 g of the above viscous liquid was applied to the inside of this container with a brush. After one hour, the water was poured until it was full, but there was no leakage. After standing for 30 minutes, water was drained from the container, and the container was dried at 60 ° C. for 3 days. After the vessel had cooled to room temperature, it was poured again with water, but no water leaked out of the seams. Also, it was left for three days with water in it,
No water leaked from the seams.

Test Example 4 (1) Surfactant: 20 g of sodium oleate (reagent, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (2) Superabsorbent polymer: 10 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (reagent, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (3) Gelling agent for superabsorbent polymer: bentonite 5
0 g (manufactured by Kunimine Industries Co., Ltd.) (4) Water 1000 g

[Confirmation of Water Leakage Prevention Effect of Viscous Liquid]
Separately, 3.0 Kg of commercially available sand-containing cement (trade name: Aso Katei Cement, manufactured by Aso Cement Co., Ltd.) was prepared, 800 g of water was added thereto, and the mixture was kneaded well. As a solid. Divide this concrete container into two parts (Fig. 2) and reinforce with a wire.
When water was poured after returning to the state of FIG. 3, water immediately flowed out from the joint of the container. 20 g of the above viscous liquid was applied to the inside of this container with a brush. After one hour, the water was poured until it was full, but there was no leakage. After standing for 30 minutes, water was drained from the container, and the container was dried at 60 ° C. for 3 days. After the vessel had cooled to room temperature, it was poured again with water, but no water leaked out of the seams. Also, it was left for three days with water in it,
No water leaked from the seams.

Test Example 5 (1) Surfactant: Sodium stearate 10 g
(Reagent, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (2) Superabsorbent polymer: sodium polyacrylate
7 g (trade name: Panakayak F, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) (3) Gelling agent for superabsorbent polymer: smectite 2
0 g (trade name: synthetic smectite, manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd.) (4) Water 1000 g These were sufficiently mixed to obtain a viscous liquid.

"Confirmation of Water Leakage Prevention Effect of Viscous Liquid"
Separately, 3.0 Kg of commercially available sand-containing cement (trade name: Aso Katei Cement, manufactured by Aso Cement Co., Ltd.) was prepared, 800 g of water was added thereto, and the mixture was kneaded well. As a solid. Divide this concrete container into two parts (Fig. 2) and reinforce with a wire.
When water was poured after returning to the state of FIG. 3, water immediately flowed out from the joint of the container. 20 g of the above viscous liquid was applied to the inside of this container with a brush. After one hour, the water was poured until it was full, but there was no leakage. After standing for 30 minutes, water was drained from the container, and the container was dried at 60 ° C. for 3 days. After the vessel had cooled to room temperature, it was poured again with water, but no water leaked out of the seams. Also, it was left for three days with water in it,
No water leaked from the seams.

Embodiment 1 FIG. 4 shows an example of an outer wall of a building according to the building of the present invention. Insulation material 6 on concrete 7 as a base
Concrete 5 for holding the heat insulating material 6 is placed. Further, the concrete 7 is provided with an asphalt waterproof joint 8, and the asphalt waterproof joint 8 is provided with an inlet 4 for directly injecting a water leakage preventing agent from the outside. The materials of the concrete 7, the heat insulating material 6 and the concrete 5 are not particularly limited, and may be those used for ordinary buildings. Water leaked from the roof of the 3-story reinforced concrete flat roof. The roof of this building is reinforced slab concrete with asphalt waterproof joints,
Styrofoam insulation (thickness 4 cm) and insulating material holding concrete (thickness 7 cm) were applied thereon (FIG. 4). After spraying 1 kg of the water leakage preventing agent of Test Example 1 on the uppermost insulating material pressing concrete, 20 liters of water was sprayed, but the water leakage did not stop. As shown in FIG. 4, the insulation is pierced from the insulation holding concrete,
A water leakage preventive injection port (2 cm wide × 5 cm long × 11 cm deep) was provided to reach the asphalt waterproof joint of slab concrete. After 1 kg of the water leak preventive having the same composition as in Test Example 1 was injected again, 20 liters of water were injected. Seven days later, there was rain but no water leakage.

[0025]

According to the present invention, the provision of the injection port for the water leakage preventive agent allows the water leakage preventive agent to reliably reach the water leakage location, thereby preventing the infiltration of water from entering. . Therefore, the present invention is a very useful method for preventing deterioration of mortar and concrete products.

[Brief description of the drawings]

Fig. 1 Concrete container

FIG. 2 is a concrete container of FIG. 1 divided into two parts.

FIG. 3 is a view obtained by restoring the two-part container obtained in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an example in which an inlet for a water leakage prevention agent is provided on a waterproof joint (cross-sectional view).

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1; Concrete container 2; Seam 3; Wire 4; Injection hole for water leakage preventive agent 5; Insulating material holding concrete 6; Insulating material 7;

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A method for preventing water leakage, comprising injecting a water leakage prevention agent from a water leakage prevention agent injection port provided in a building. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water leakage preventing agent is (a) a surfactant, (b) a superabsorbent polymer, (c) a gelling agent for the superabsorbent polymer,
And (d) containing water. 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein 100 parts by weight of water of (d) is added to (a).
3. The surfactant according to 2, which is 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of a surfactant, 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of (b) a superabsorbent polymer, and 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of a gelling agent for a superabsorbent polymer. Water leakage prevention method. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the superabsorbent polymer is at least one selected from poly (meth) acrylic acid derivatives, alginic acid derivatives, starch derivatives and cellulose derivatives. 5. The superabsorbent polymer is selected from the group consisting of sodium poly (meth) acrylate, poly (meth) acrylamide, alginic acid, sodium alginate, potassium alginate,
Propylene glycol alginate, starch,
The method for preventing water leakage according to claim 4, wherein the method is at least one selected from sodium starch glycolate, sodium starch phosphate, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. 6. The superabsorbent polymer gelling agent is a silicate,
6. A water-soluble alkaline earth metal salt, alum, a water-soluble aluminum salt, a water-soluble iron salt, a water-soluble manganese salt, a water-soluble zinc salt, and at least one selected from alkaline earth metal oxides. 2. The method for preventing water leakage according to claim 1. 7. A building provided with an inlet for allowing a water leakage preventive agent to reach a water leakage point.