JP2001106587A - Organic matter composting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To exceedingly enhance the deodorization efficiency of the waste gases released into the atmosphere through a deodorization device by subjecting the waste gases fermented in a fermentation device and deodorized in the deodorization device to dehydration, deodorization, dust collection, heat exchange, or the like, in mid-way by a cyclone type dust collector freshly disposed in the mid-way. SOLUTION: The organic matter composting device having the fermentation device 2 for causing the fermentation decomposition of organic matter by using microorganisms and the deodorization device 3 for deodorizing the waste gases generated during the fermentation in the fermentation device 2 is provided with the cyclone type dust collector 5 in mid-way of a waste gas passage 4 for sending the waste gases from the fermentation device 2 to the deodorization device 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fermentation apparatus for fermenting and decomposing organic matter using microorganisms, and an organic matter composting apparatus provided with a deodorization apparatus for deodorizing exhaust gas generated during fermentation in the fermentation apparatus. Exhaust gas that is fermented by the fermenter and deodorized by the deodorizer by the cyclone dust collector newly provided in the middle of the conventional fermenter and deodorizer,
The present invention relates to an organic composting apparatus that performs dehydration, deodorization, dust collection, heat exchange, and the like on the way to dramatically increase the deodorizing efficiency of exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere via a deodorizing apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There has been known a composting apparatus for fermenting and decomposing organic substances using microorganisms. As shown in FIG. 6, a conventional composting device 11 includes a fermentation device 12 that fermentes and decomposes organic matter using microorganisms, and a deodorization device 1 that deodorizes exhaust gas generated during fermentation in the fermentation device 12.
And 3. Exhaust gas generated during fermentation in the fermentation device 12 is sent to the deodorization device 13, where it is deodorized and released into the atmosphere.

[0003]

However, the conventional composting apparatus has the following problems. (1) If the amount of water in the exhaust gas is high, the deodorizing capability of the deodorizing device is reduced, and the load on the deodorizing device increases, thereby increasing running costs. (2) For example, exhaust gas generated when treating a kind of mussel, a kind of shellfish that lives around the power plant, with microorganisms,
When the odor of the exhaust gas is strong, it is very difficult to deodorize with the conventional deodorizing device of the composting device. (3) When a large amount of dust is contained in the exhaust gas, not only does the deodorizing device of the conventional composting device operate badly, but also the surroundings of the composting device become full of dust, causing trouble. There was a fear.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention has been made in order to solve the problems, and an object of the present invention is to remove exhaust gas that is fermented by a fermentation device and deodorized by a deodorization device. Dramatically increase the deodorizing efficiency of exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere via the deodorizing device by performing dehydration, deodorization, dust collection, heat exchange, etc. on the way using a newly installed cyclone type dust collector. It is to provide an organic composting device that can be used.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a fermentation apparatus for fermenting and decomposing organic substances using microorganisms, and a deodorization apparatus for deodorizing exhaust gas generated during fermentation in the fermentation apparatus. In the organic composting apparatus provided, the apparatus comprises means provided with a cyclone type dust collector in the middle of an exhaust gas passage for sending exhaust gas from the fermenter to a deodorizer.

Here, as a preferred embodiment, the cyclone type dust collector has a heat exchange device on its outer peripheral side surface, and the cyclone type dust collector has a negative pressure compatible moisture dust collecting device at its lower end. Further, air supplied to the fermenter may be used as a heat exchange medium of the cyclone type dust collector, or water may be used as a heat exchange medium of the cyclone type dust collector.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an organic matter composting device, FIG. 2 is an overall side view of a cyclone type dust collecting device, FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a cyclone type dust collecting device to which a heat exchange device is attached, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a heat exchange device, and FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a cyclone type dust collecting device to which a negative pressure-compatible moisture collecting device is attached.

In the figure, an organic matter composting apparatus 1
Is a fermentation device 2 that ferments and decomposes organic matter using microorganisms
A deodorizing device 3 for deodorizing exhaust gas generated during fermentation in the fermenting device 2, and a cyclone-type dust collecting device 5 provided in the exhaust gas passage 4 for sending exhaust gas from the fermenting device 2 to the deodorizing device 3. ing.

Among them, the fermenter 2, deodorizer 3, and exhaust gas passage 4 constitute a conventional organic composting device, and the cyclone-type dust collector 5 provided in the middle of the exhaust gas passage 4 is known. This is a new configuration provided for the first time by the present invention, and this cyclone type dust collector 5
Is provided, the deodorizing efficiency of the exhaust gas discharged from the deodorizing device 3 into the atmosphere is dramatically improved.

A rotating blade (not shown) for crushing and stirring organic matter is provided inside the fermenter 2. Organic matter includes organic waste such as garbage and flora and fauna inhabiting seawater or freshwater. In the fermentation apparatus 2, the organic matter is pulverized and stirred, and the organic matter, for example, organic waste pulverized and stirred using microorganisms is fermented and decomposed.

The deodorizing device 3 is a device for deodorizing exhaust gas containing ammonia or the like which causes malodor generated during fermentation in the fermenting device 2. The deodorized exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere from a discharge port provided on the upper part thereof. Is done. A porous material such as activated carbon is disposed inside the deodorization device 3 as a material for deodorizing exhaust gas.

The exhaust gas passage 4 is a passage for sending the exhaust gas generated in the fermenter 2 to the deodorizer 3 through the cyclone type dust collector 5 and uses a pipe such as a pipe. Exhaust gas passage 4
One end of the front side is connected to the upper side of the fermentation apparatus 2,
The other end is a later-described introduction port 5 of the cyclone type dust collector 5
e.

A rear end of the exhaust gas passage 4 is connected at one end to an upper end of an inner cylinder 5 b, which will be described later, at an upper end of the cyclone type dust collecting device 5, and the other end is connected to a lower portion of the deodorizing device 3. In the middle of the rear side of the exhaust gas passage 4, a blower 4a is provided.
Is provided. The blower 4 a has a function of sending the exhaust gas from the fermenter 2 and the cyclone type dust collector 5 to the deodorizer 3.

The cyclone-type dust collecting device 5 has a novel structure not included in the conventional device, and performs functions of dehydrating, deodorizing, and collecting dust from exhaust gas. In addition, a cyclone type dust collector 5
Can achieve heat exchange by cooperating with the heat exchange device 6 provided on the outer peripheral side surface thereof, thereby cooling the exhaust gas, and further increasing the functions of dehydration, deodorization, and dust collection from the exhaust gas. it can.

As described above, the cyclone type dust collector 5 performs dehydration, deodorization, and dust collection from the exhaust gas, so that the concentration of the malodorous component in the exhaust gas sent to the deodorizer 3 is reduced. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the concentration of malodorous components in exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere.

The cyclone-type dust collecting apparatus 5 having the above-mentioned function is composed of an outer cylinder 5a and an inner cylinder 5b inserted into an upper portion inside the outer cylinder 5a. The outer cylinder 5a has a cylindrical shape and a shape whose lower side is narrowed to an inverted triangular pyramid shape.

A lid 5c is attached to the upper end of the outer cylinder 5a.
Further, an inverted triangular pyramid-shaped point 5d serving as a lower end of the outer cylinder 5a is open, and the opened point 5d is immersed below the liquid level of a water tank of a negative pressure-compatible moisture collection / collection device 7 described later. . Inner cylinder 5
The length from the lower end of b to the tip 5d of the inverted triangular pyramid of the outer cylinder 5a is a column vortex length.

The inner cylinder 5b and the outer cylinder 5a are on the same axis.
The lower end of the inner cylinder 5b inserted inside the outer cylinder 5a is open. The upper end of the inner cylinder 5b penetrates through the lid 5c at the upper end of the outer cylinder 5a and protrudes upward. An upper end of the protruded inner cylinder 5b is connected to one end on the rear side of the exhaust gas passage 4. . An introduction port 5e for introducing exhaust gas generated in the fermenter 2 is formed on the upper side surface of the outer cylinder 5a.

Incidentally, in order to enhance the deodorizing effect of the cyclone type dust collecting apparatus 5, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of collecting dust containing malodorous components. To increase the dust collection capacity,
It is necessary to reduce the critical particle size for separation and decomposition. The critical particle diameter d for separation and decomposition is represented by the following equation. d = [(5.04 × μ × A ² × D ₂ ) / (π × ρ × Q ×
H × D ₁ )] ^1/2 where μ: exhaust gas viscosity A: cross-sectional area of exhaust gas inflow pipe D ₂ : diameter of inner cylinder 5 b ρ: exhaust gas density Q: amount of treated exhaust gas H: length of cylindrical vortex D ₁ : Diameter of outer cylinder 5a In order to reduce the critical particle diameter d for separation and decomposition as estimated from the equation, the dimensional ratio of the cyclone may be designed under the following conditions. That is, in FIG. 3, the diameter D ₂ of the inner cylinder 5b
Reduce the ratio of the diameter D ₁ of the outer tube 5a, also shorten the length H ₂ of the inner cylinder 5b, may be increasing the length H ₁ of the outer tube 5a.

The cyclone used in the embodiment of the present invention is of a tangential inflow type. Normally, when the inlet gas velocity is 12 m / sec in a tangential inflow cyclone, the pressure loss
It is known that it is around 100 mm H ₂ O, but in the cyclone type dust collector 5 of the embodiment, the inlet gas velocity is 12 m / s.
At ec, the pressure loss was around ₂₀ to 30 mm H2O, confirming that it was in good agreement with the conventional knowledge.

As described above, the heat exchanger 6 shown in FIG. 4 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical outer cylinder 5a of the cyclone type dust collector 5, and heats the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger 6. Depending on the exchange medium, the outer cylinder 5 of the cyclone type dust collector 5
a Cools the inside to promote dehydration, deodorization, and dust collection from exhaust gas.

That is, the exhaust gas is dehydrated and condensed from the cooled exhaust gas, and is collected below the cyclone type dust collector 5. At this time, the odor component is adsorbed to the dust flowing down due to the dehydration and condensation phenomenon that progresses, and the dust containing the odor component flows down. As a result, the concentration of offensive odor components in the exhaust gas discharged from the cyclone type dust collector 5 to the deodorizer 3 decreases.

The heat exchange device 6 has the shape of an annular cylinder, and has a double helical passage 6a formed therein.
An introduction port 6b is formed on the upper side of the double spiral passage 6a, and a discharge port 6c is formed on the lower side of the double spiral passage 6a.

The heat exchange medium flowing into the heat exchange device 6 from the introduction port 6b spirally turns along the double helical passage 6a while the heat exchange medium is in contact with the outer cylinder 5a. The heat exchange medium is heated and exchanged with the exhaust gas in the inside, that is, the exhaust gas is cooled and the heat exchange medium is heated and discharged from the discharge port 6c to the outside of the apparatus.

As the heat exchange medium, for example, air or water in the atmosphere is used. When air in the atmosphere is used as the heat exchange medium, this air is supplied to the fermentation apparatus 2 and used for fermentation. In this case, the introduction port 6b is open to the atmosphere, and a device for forcibly introducing the atmosphere such as a blower (not shown) is provided on the introduction port 6b side.

The air supply passage 2 is connected to the discharge port 6c.
The other end of the air supply passage 2 a is connected to the fermenter 2. Since the air is heated by flowing through the heat exchange device 6, a heating device for warming the air supplied to the fermentation device 2 is not required, or the heating energy by the heating device can be reduced.

When water is used as the heat exchange medium, the cooling capacity can be further improved as compared with the case where the air in the atmosphere is used. In this case, the introduction port 6b is open to the water source, and a device for forcibly introducing water such as a pump (not shown) is provided on the introduction port 6b side. The discharge port 6c is connected to a drainage channel (not shown).

The negative pressure-compatible water dust collecting and collecting apparatus 7 shown in FIG. 5 comprises a water tank overflowing below the cyclone type dust collecting apparatus 5 as shown in the figure, and has an opening at the lower end of the cyclone type dust collecting apparatus 5. Since the point 5d is immersed below the liquid level in the water tank, it has a water sealing function by a negative pressure and can be opened and closed in response to the negative pressure. There is an advantage that the valve can be omitted. At the same time, the invasion of outside air, which normally occurs due to the negative pressure, can be prevented.

Further, the water and the dust removed by the cyclone type dust collector 5 flowing down the cyclone type dust collector 5 are removed from the liquid in the negative pressure compatible water dust collector 7 (usual water can be used). Water and dust collection function.

Next, the operation based on the configuration of the above embodiment of the present invention will be described below. When an organic substance, for example, organic waste is put into the fermentation apparatus 2, and the organic waste is pulverized and stirred by the rotating blades, and then subjected to fermentation treatment with a microorganism, an exhaust gas is generated in the fermentation apparatus 2 by fermentation.

When the blower 4a provided in the middle of the exhaust gas passage 4 is driven, a negative pressure state is created on the upstream side of the blower 4a, and the exhaust gas in the fermenter 2 is sucked into the exhaust gas passage 4 on the front side. The exhaust gas flows down from the introduction port 5c into the outer cylinder 5a of the cyclone type dust collector 5.

On the other hand, air or water in the atmosphere as a heat exchange medium is supplied from the introduction port 6b of the heat exchange device 6 to the heat exchange device 6
Introduce within. The heat exchange medium introduced into the heat exchange device 6 flows downward in a spiral state while being in direct contact with the outer wall of the outer cylinder 5a of the cyclone type dust collector 5 along the double spiral passage 6a.

At this time, the high-temperature exhaust gas exchanges heat with the low-temperature heat exchange medium in the cyclone type dust collector 5, the heat of the exhaust gas moves to the heat exchange medium, and the exhaust gas is cooled. The heat exchange medium is warmed. When the heat exchange medium is air, the air becomes warm air, and when the heat exchange medium is water, it becomes hot water.

When the heat exchange medium is the atmosphere, the warm air becomes the air supply passage 2a from the discharge port 6c of the heat exchange device 6, flows down there, and is supplied into the fermentation device 2 for fermentation. Prompt. At this time, since the air supplied to the fermentation apparatus 2 is warmed, there is an advantage that the operation of heating the supplied air by the heating apparatus can be unnecessary or the heating energy for heating can be reduced.

Further, when the heat exchange medium is water, the cooling capacity is higher than when the air is used as the air, so that the dew condensation reaction proceeds quickly and the efficiency is higher than when the air is used as the heat exchange medium. Deodorizing effect can be expected.

The exhaust gas containing an offensive odor (for example, ammonia) is cooled, dehydrated and condensed, and collected below the cyclone-type dust collector 5. Due to the dehydration and condensation phenomenon that progresses at that time,
The malodorous component is adsorbed on the dust flowing down, and the dust containing the malodorous component flows down. As a result, the concentration of offensive odor components in the exhaust gas discharged from the discharge port 5f of the cyclone type dust collecting device 5 to the deodorizing device 3 decreases.

This makes it possible to reduce the concentration of malodorous components in the exhaust gas discharged from the deodorizing device 3 into the atmosphere. Therefore, the deodorizing function can be remarkably improved as compared with the conventional device having only the deodorizing device 3. At the same time, the load on the deodorizing device 3 can be reduced, so that the deodorizing running cost (for example, in the case of the activated carbon dewatering method, the unit consumption of activated carbon is reduced) can be reduced.

Further, the dust that has flowed below the cyclone type dust collecting device 5 flows into the liquid in the water tank of the moisture collecting device 7 corresponding to the negative pressure from the tip 5d of the lower end and is discharged outside the device. The liquid containing water in the water tank of the negative-pressure-capable water-dust collecting and collecting apparatus 7 is thereafter processed by a normal wastewater collecting apparatus. Further, depending on the processed product, the recovered liquid can be used for liquid fertilizer.

[0039]

Test Example of the Invention A composting device comprising only a conventional fermenter and a deodorizer, a cyclone type dust collector 5, a heat exchanger 6 and a moisture collector corresponding to a negative pressure were added to the fermenter 2 and the deodorizer 3 according to the present invention. The remarkable improvement of the deodorizing effect in the new organic composting device 1 having the recovery device 7 is shown in Table 1 using ammonia as an example. The ammonia concentration was measured using an inhalation type concentration meter, and the test was conducted twice in the new organic composting device 1, the outlet of the fermenter 2, the outlet of the cyclone type dust collector 5, and the outlet of the deodorizer 3. The measurement was performed at three points on the side. In order to compare the effects, in the conventional composting apparatus, the results measured at two points, the outlet of the fermenter and the outlet of the deodorizer, are also shown in Table 1.

[0040]

[Table 1]

From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the ammonia concentration in the new organic composting apparatus 1 of the present invention is
Although it was 470 ppm on the outlet side of the cyclone type dust collector 5 in the first test, it was reduced to 250 ppm on the outlet side, and the deodorizer 3
On the outlet side of was reduced to 7 ppm. In the second test, it was reduced to 200 ppm at the outlet of the cyclone type dust collector 5, and was reduced to 5 ppm at the outlet of the deodorizer 3. On the other hand, in the conventional composting device, it was 470 ppm at the outlet of the fermentation device 2, but could be reduced to only 80 ppm at the outlet of the deodorizer 3. As described above, a remarkable deodorizing effect was obtained by the new organic composting device 1 having the cyclone-type dust collecting device 5, the heat exchange device 6, and the moisture collecting device 7 corresponding to the negative pressure in the fermenting device 2 and the deodorizing device 3. In addition, the number of tests was two, and the reproducibility of the effect was also confirmed.

The evaluation of the organic composting apparatus 1 of the present invention is shown in [Table 2]. It can be seen that the apparatus is generally superior to the conventional apparatus.

[0043]

[Table 2]

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments of the present invention, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0045]

As is clear from the above description, according to the organic composting apparatus according to the present invention, as can be seen from Tables 1 and 2 of the experimental examples, fermentation is performed in a fermentation apparatus and deodorization is performed in a deodorization apparatus. Exhaust gas is dehydrated, deodorized, dust collected, heat exchanged, etc. on the way by a newly installed cyclone type dust collector, which dramatically improves the deodorizing efficiency of exhaust gas released to the atmosphere through the deodorizing device. Can be increased to
Therefore, the deodorizing function can be remarkably improved as compared with the conventional device including only the deodorizing device. Moreover, since the load on the deodorizing device can be reduced at the same time, the deodorizing running cost (for example, in the case of the activated carbon dewatering method, the unit consumption of activated carbon is reduced) can be reduced.

In the case where a heat exchange device is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cyclone type dust collector, the high temperature exhaust gas in the cyclone type dust collector and the low temperature heat flowing in the heat exchange device may be provided. Heat transfer is performed with the exchange medium, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is cooled to promote the dehydration and condensation phenomenon, and a highly efficient deodorizing effect can be expected.

In the case where the cyclone type dust collecting device has a negative-pressure-capable moisture collecting device at the lower end thereof, the negative-pressure-compatible moisture collecting device has a liquid tank below the liquid tank. The lower end of the cyclone type dust collector sinks into the
Since it has a water seal function by negative pressure and can be opened and closed in response to negative pressure, it is not necessary to use a normally used float valve,
It is also possible to prevent the invasion of outside air which normally occurs due to the negative pressure.

When air supplied to the fermenter is used as the heat exchange medium of the cyclone type dust collector, the air is supplied into the fermenter and used as fermentation. In addition, since the air supplied to the fermentation apparatus is heated, the operation of heating the supply air by the heating apparatus can be omitted, and the heating energy for heating can be reduced.

Further, when water is used as the heat exchange medium of the cyclone type dust collecting apparatus, since the cooling capacity is higher than that of air, the dew condensation reaction proceeds quickly, and As compared with the case where air is used as a medium, a highly efficient deodorizing effect can be expected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an organic composting apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view of a cyclone type dust collecting apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a cyclone type dust collector to which the heat exchange device according to the embodiment of the present invention is attached.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a heat exchange device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a cyclone type dust collecting apparatus to which the negative pressure-compatible moisture collecting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is attached.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a conventional composting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Organic composting device 2 Fermentation device 2a Air supply passage 3 Deodorizing device 4 Exhaust gas passage 4a Blower 5 Cyclone dust collector 5a Outer cylinder 5b Inner cylinder 5c Cover 5d Point 5e Introduction port 6 Heat exchange device 6a Double spiral passage 6b Introduction Port 6c Discharge port 7 Negative pressure compatible moisture dust collection device

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (Reference) B09B 5/00 B09B 5/00 M C05F 17/02 (72) Inventor Hiroshi Tsunekawa 10-2 Kawaguchicho, Nagasaki-shi Kyowa Machine Electric F-term (reference) 4D002 AA13 AB02 BA04 BA13 BA14 CA07 DA41 4D004 AA02 BA04 CA18 CB31 CB50 4D053 AA01 AA03 AB01 BA01 BB02 CA01 CC07 CF02 DA10 4H061 AA03 EE66 GG14 GG48 GG51 GG70 HH42

Claims (5)

[Claims] A fermentation apparatus for fermenting and decomposing organic matter using microorganisms, and an organic matter composting apparatus equipped with a deodorization apparatus for deodorizing exhaust gas generated during fermentation in the fermentation apparatus, wherein the exhaust gas is sent from the fermentation apparatus to the deodorization apparatus. An organic matter composting device comprising a cyclone type dust collector provided in the exhaust gas passage. 2. The organic matter composting device according to claim 1, wherein the cyclone type dust collecting device has a heat exchange device on an outer peripheral side surface thereof. 3. The organic composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cyclone type dust collecting apparatus has a negative pressure-compatible moisture collecting apparatus at a lower end thereof. 4. The organic composting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein air supplied to the fermenter is used as a heat exchange medium of the cyclone type dust collector. 5. The organic composting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein water is used as a heat exchange medium of the cyclone type dust collecting apparatus.