JP2001103838A - Apparatus and method for cultivating mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus and a method for cultivating mushrooms which can equalize the growth situation of the mushrooms and can make a space for a mushroom cultivation chamber small. SOLUTION: This method is to use the apparatus 10 for cultivating mushrooms which has a plurality of mobile trucks 12 capable of moving in the width direction of a mushroom cultivation chamber 11, a plurality of large containers 13 mounted on the trucks 12 and each capable of receiving many mushroom cultivation receptacles and working space for a conveying means 19 in a space region 18 formed when the trucks 12 are gathered in one side or either side of the chamber. When delivering the large containers 13, the conveying means 19 is made to approach into the space region 18 formed on one side of the specified truck 21 by gathering trucks 12 in one side or either side of the chamber and performs the delivery of the containers 13. When growing mushrooms, the distance of an opening 22 between trucks 12 next to each other is changed to regulate an air quantity passing through the opening 22 and uniformly grow mushrooms mounted on each truck 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation apparatus and method for uniformly growing mushrooms.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In cultivation of mushrooms, a mushroom cultivation container packed with a culture medium inoculated with an inoculum is stored for a certain period in a cultivation room controlled in a predetermined growth environment, and cultivation of the fungus is performed. It is common to carry out the procedure of repeatedly moving and storing to a plurality of breeding rooms in which the number has been changed, growing it, and then shipping it. The management of the growth environment in the culture room and the growth room is performed by an air conditioner that blows air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted in accordance with the type of mushroom, growth condition, and the like and exhausts room air. In addition, the storage form of the mushroom cultivation container, a large number of mushroom cultivation containers are stored in a container, and the container is stored on a fixed shelf using a pallet or the like in about two-tiered or flat storage, The air from the air conditioner was not obstructed.

[0003]

However, in the conventional method for cultivating mushrooms, the storage period in the cultivation room and the breeding room is relatively long, from several days to several tens of days. It is difficult to keep the environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity uniform by circulating the air.For example, there is a difference in the temperature and the like between the center and the end of the room, and as a result, the growth state of the mushroom is irregular. Was. In addition, since the storage form was such that the pallets were stacked in two tiers or placed flat, and air was evenly applied to the containers so as not to cause a large difference in environmental conditions, the cultivation room including the culture room and the growth room was used. Large space was required, which was economically disadvantageous. When a transporting means such as a forklift is used to move the cultivation container, a work space in which the forklift or the like enters and turns between the pallets arranged in advance through fixed shelves must be secured. As a result, it was necessary to further increase the space in the cultivation room. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a mushroom cultivation apparatus and a cultivation method capable of making a mushroom growth state uniform and reducing the space of a mushroom cultivation room.

[0004]

According to the present invention, there is provided a mushroom cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, comprising: a plurality of movable carts arranged to be movable in a width direction in a mushroom cultivation room; And a plurality of large containers capable of accommodating a large number of mushroom cultivation containers. And a work space for a transport unit that transfers the large container to and from the movable trolley. The mushroom cultivation room includes both a culture room before sprouting and a growing room after sprouting. Further, for example, a forklift, a crane, or the like is used as the transport means.
At the time of growing the mushrooms, the clearance between the moving carts is kept at a predetermined interval to improve ventilation, and when moving a large container to another place, the gap adjacent to the moving cart on which the large container to be moved is placed is set. It is widened to form a space, and a space for a forklift or the like to enter and work is secured.
As described above, since each of the movable carts can move in the width direction, the gap for adjusting the ventilation can be increased only when a large container is moved, so that a work space for a forklift or the like can be used. Available to
The transfer operation can be easily performed.

[0005] A method for cultivating mushrooms according to the present invention, which meets the above object, comprises a plurality of movable carts arranged movably in the width direction in a mushroom cultivation room, and a plurality of movable carts mounted on the respective movable carts. Using a mushroom cultivation apparatus having a plurality of large containers each capable of storing a mushroom cultivation container, in the delivery operation of the large container of a specific movable cart,
Each of the moving vehicles is moved to one or both sides to form a space on one side of the specific moving vehicle, and a transport means enters the space to allow the large container to move between the specific moving vehicle and the specific moving vehicle. At the time of growing the mushroom, changing the distance of the gap between the adjacent moving vehicles according to the growth state of the mushroom, adjusting the amount of air passing through the gap, Equally cultivate mushrooms placed on By configuring in this way, the gaps on both sides of the mobile cart with poor mushroom growth are widened and ventilation is improved to promote growth, and the gaps on both sides of the mobile cart that grow too fast are narrowed and ventilated. And mushrooms of the same lot can be grown uniformly.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a mushroom cultivation apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of movable carts 12 that are movable in a width direction (longitudinal direction) in a mushroom cultivation room 11. And the respective moving carts 12
It has a container 13 which is placed on a storage shelf 14 above and which is an example of a plurality of large containers capable of storing a large number of mushroom cultivation containers. Hereinafter, one embodiment of the mushroom cultivation room 11 will be described first. The mushroom cultivation room 11 is provided with an air conditioner (not shown).
Within, for example, a temperature of about 20 degrees and a humidity of about 70
% Of air is blown. On each movable trolley 12, storage shelves 14 for two-stage stacking in which horizontal plate members 12a are connected by vertically long bars 13a are provided fixed to the movable trolleys 12, and the respective storage portions 15 of the storage shelves 14, and In the mounting portion 15a,
A pallet 16 in which a plurality of containers 13 are stacked in about 8 to 10 levels is placed, and inside each container 13,
Many mushroom cultivation containers are stored.

A large number of ventilation holes (not shown) are formed on the side of each container 13 so that the air can directly contact the mushroom cultivation container. And each mobile trolley 1
A moving wheel 17 is provided at a lower portion of the mushroom 2, and the moving cart 12 is movable in a width direction along a rail 20 provided on the floor of the mushroom cultivation room 11. As shown in FIG. 3, the space 18 formed when the plurality of movable carts 12 are divided into two groups and approached to both groups enters the space 18 and forms the container 13 with the movable cart 12. It has a work space for a forklift 19, which is an example of a transfer unit that performs delivery. That is, the length L in the width direction of the mushroom cultivation room 11 can be set to be larger than the sum of the length in the width direction of each movable carriage 12 and the length in the width direction of the working space of one forklift 19. The mushroom cultivation room 1 can be constructed in a simple structure with this configuration.
1 and the forklift 19
Work space can be secured. In addition, all the movable carts 12 can be moved to one side, and the containers 13 stacked on the pallet 16 can be taken in and out of the movable carts 12 at the other end of the mushroom cultivation chamber 11.

Next, a method for cultivating a mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. When cultivating mushrooms, first, a large number of mushroom cultivation containers are filled with a culture medium inoculated with the inoculum, respectively, and the mushroom cultivation containers are stored in the container 13. Then, the container 13 containing the mushroom cultivation containers is stacked on the pallet 16 and the pallet 16 loaded with the container 13 is placed on the forklift 19 in the mushroom cultivation room 1.
1 and, as shown in FIG. 3, it is placed on a specific movable carriage 21 for carrying out the work of transferring the container 13. In addition, the specific mobile trolley 21 refers to the mobile trolley 12 on which the container 13 for which the delivery operation is to be performed is currently or is to be mounted. In the delivery work of the container 13 of the specific mobile trolley 21, each mobile trolley 12 (including the specific mobile trolley 21) is moved to both sides with a gap on the right side of the specific mobile trolley 21 as a boundary, and the specific movement is performed. A space 18 is formed on the right side of the carriage 21 and the space 18
The forklift 19 is moved into the
The pallet 16 on which the plurality of containers 13 are placed is placed on the empty storage section 15 of the storage shelf 14 and the placement section 15a. This is repeated for each of the storage sections 15 and the placement sections 15a of each movable trolley 12, and the mushroom cultivation container can be arranged on the movable trolley 12 in the mushroom cultivation room 11. Note that the space 18 can be formed on the left side of the specific movable truck 21 as a matter of course.

After the mushroom cultivation containers are placed on the air-conditioned mushroom cultivation room 11 on each of the movable carts 12, the mushroom cultivation is started. When mushrooms grow, they generate heat and also generate gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. Since the temperature of the air blown into the mushroom cultivation room 11 by the air conditioner is set to about 20 degrees, the temperature of the mushroom cultivation container, which has risen due to the heat generated by the mushrooms, is lowered, and the gas in which the mushrooms are generated is exhausted. The air is sent so that the mushrooms can grow smoothly. But,
The air blown from the air conditioner is the mushroom cultivation room 1 because many containers 13 in the air circulation path become obstacles.
1 cannot be uniformly circulated, and in particular, the amount of air supplied to the mushroom cultivation container on the movable cart 12 through the gap 22 is large due to the size of the gap 22 between the movable carts 12. Was changing. Since the growth state of the mushroom changes depending on the amount of air passing through the gap 22, when growing the mushroom, the operator changes the distance of the gap 22 between the adjacent movable carts 12 according to the growth state of the mushroom. The amount of air passing through the gaps 22 is adjusted to evenly grow mushrooms placed on each movable carriage 12.

[0010] The growth state of the mushroom can be determined, for example, visually by an operator. In addition, each mobile trolley 1
The position 2 and the gap 22 can be moved manually, but it is also possible to provide a driving means such as a deceleration motor (not shown) on each movable trolley 12, and to move and stop the driving means. After being stored in the mushroom cultivation room 11 for a predetermined period and sprouting, the container 13 containing the mushroom cultivation container is transferred to another mushroom cultivation room having the same structure as the mushroom cultivation room 11 and changing the temperature and humidity conditions. Is done. At the time of transfer, forklift 1
9, each mobile trolley 12 (including the specific mobile trolley 21) is moved to both sides with a gap on the right or left side of the specific mobile trolley 21, and is moved to the right or left side of the specific mobile trolley 21. A space 18 is formed, and a forklift 19 is inserted into the space 18 so that the storage shelf 1
The pallet 16 on which the plurality of containers 13 are placed is taken out from one of the storage unit 15 and the placement unit 15a of the fourth and transferred to another mushroom cultivation room. By repeating this, the container 13 containing the mushroom cultivation container can be transferred from the mushroom cultivation room 11 to another mushroom cultivation room.

It is also possible to connect another rail that continues to another mushroom cultivation room to the rail 20 and transfer the movable carriage 12 along the other rail. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, another mushroom cultivation room 23 is provided continuously on one side in the width direction of the mushroom cultivation room 11, and a rail 24 provided in the other mushroom cultivation room 23 is connected to an end of the rail 20. It is also possible to provide an opening / closing door 25 which can connect the two rooms to the wall between the mushroom cultivation room 11 and the mushroom cultivation room 23. With this configuration, the opening and closing door 25 is opened, and the movable cart 12 is
0 and 24, and move directly to another mushroom growing room 23.
Can also be transferred to In this manner, each lot is stored in a plurality of mushroom cultivation rooms in which conditions such as temperature are changed according to the growth of the mushrooms, and the amount of air passing therethrough is adjusted by changing the gap 22 between the movable carts 12 by adjusting the amount of air passing therethrough. Each mushroom is evenly cultivated, and high quality mushrooms can be produced.

FIG. 4 shows a modification of the movable cart. The moving cart 26 has a tire 27 at its lower part instead of the moving wheel 17.
, And the configuration of the other parts is the same as that of the movable trolley 12. With this configuration, the rail 20 can be omitted, and the construction of the mushroom cultivation room 11 can be simplified. FIG. 5 shows a modification of the mounted state of the container. The movable trolley 28 has a shape obtained by removing the storage shelf 14 of the movable trolley 12, and has a pallet 1
6 is directly mounted. Further, the supporting leg members 2 extending upward at four corners of the pallet 16 directly mounted on the movable cart 28 are provided.
9 is mounted, and the lower end of another pallet 16 is supported by the upper end of each support leg member 29. Then, on each pallet 16, a plurality of containers 13 each containing a large number of mushroom cultivation containers are stacked.
With this configuration, the pallet 16 can be freely moved without using the storage shelf 14. In this case, it is of course possible to make the shape of the lower part of the movable trolley 28 the same as that of the movable trolley 26.

Although the embodiment according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
Although they are arranged in rows, they may be arranged in two or more rows. Further, the number of shelves (or mounting portions) is two, but it can be one, or three or more. Further, it is also possible to provide a position sensor together with the driving means on each mobile trolley, and control the position of each mobile trolley during storage and the transport operation during movement by a control device (not shown). With this configuration, it is possible to save labor by omitting manual labor.

[0014]

In the mushroom cultivation apparatus according to the first aspect, since each movable carriage can be moved in the width direction to secure a working space for the transport means, each movable carriage is only used when a large container is transferred. The gap between them can be made large and usually kept small, the cultivation space can be narrowed by effectively using the indoor space, and the transportation work can be easily performed. By adjusting the gap, uniformity of production in the same lot can be ensured. In the mushroom cultivation method according to claim 2, the amount of air passing through the gap is adjusted by changing the distance of the gap between the adjacent movable carts according to the growth state of the mushroom. Grow mushrooms of the same lot by widening the gaps on both sides of the bad trolley and improving the ventilation by promoting ventilation, and narrowing the gaps on both sides of the trolley that is too fast to reduce the ventilation and restricting the growth. The situation can be made uniform.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a movable cart and a storage shelf of a mushroom cultivation apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the mushroom cultivation room in which the mushroom cultivation apparatus is used during mushroom cultivation.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the mushroom cultivation room in which the mushroom cultivation apparatus is used, when a large container is moved.

FIG. 4 is a partial side view showing a modified example of the movable cart of the mushroom cultivation apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a partial side view showing a mounted state of a container of the mushroom cultivation apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: mushroom cultivation apparatus, 11: mushroom cultivation room, 12: movable trolley, 12a: horizontal plate member, 13: container (large container), 13a: vertical bar, 14: storage shelf, 15: storage unit, 15a: loading Mounting part, 16: pallet, 17: moving wheel, 18: space part, 19: forklift (transportation means), 20: rail, 21: specific moving cart, 22: gap, 23: mushroom cultivation room, 24: rail, 25: Opening / closing door, 26: Moving trolley, 27: Tire, 28: Moving trolley,
29: Support leg member

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Kunihiro Miyata 46-59 Nakahara, Oaza, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu-city, Fukuoka Prefecture Inside Nippon Steel Plant Design Co., Ltd. Nippon Steel Plant Design Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Atsushi Kawamura 3-2-11 Moundoshima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka In-house Daifuku Co., Ltd. No. Daifuku Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2B011 CA06 CA18 DA01 GA03 GA09 3F022 AA01 BB04 BB07 EE02 EE09 FF23 FF24 JJ12 MM01 MM03

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of movable carts arranged movably in a width direction in a mushroom cultivation chamber, and a plurality of large containers mounted on the respective movable carts and capable of accommodating a large number of mushroom cultivation containers, respectively. And, furthermore, a space formed when the movable cart is moved to one side or divided and approached to both sides, enters the space, and transfers the large container to and from the movable cart. A mushroom cultivation apparatus having a work space for a carrying means for carrying out. 2. A plurality of movable carts movably arranged in a width direction in a mushroom cultivation chamber, and a plurality of large containers mounted on the respective movable carts and capable of storing a large number of mushroom cultivation containers, respectively. Using a mushroom cultivation apparatus having a, in the delivery work of the large container of a specific mobile cart, by moving each of the mobile carts to one or both,
A space portion is formed on one side of the specific movable vehicle, and a transfer means is inserted into the space portion to transfer the large container to and from the specific movable vehicle. By changing the distance of the gap between the adjacent moving vehicles according to the growth state, adjusting the amount of air passing through the gap, and performing equal growth of mushrooms placed on each of the moving vehicles. Characteristic mushroom cultivation method.