JP2001102980A - Communication mode and radio terminal function of radio base station - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To propose to the society a communication system which effectively uses a limited availability of frequency band by using a vertically and a horizontally polarized waves in combination for a communication between a radio base station and radio terminals and increases the capability of one base station to handle users by increasing the number of communication means capable of handling portable telephone subscribers keep whose number is on increasing and the number of lines of one base station for a data communication. SOLUTION: A radio base station and a radio terminal are both provided with an antenna for vertical polarization and an antenna for horizontal polarization. The radio base station has the right to select an antenna that the radio terminal uses for transmission and the radio base station attaches to a control signal an antenna code unique to each antenna of the terminal and sends them to each radio terminal side to enable individual antenna specification to each radio terminal.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In a new form of wireless communication, two polarized waves are used for the communication between a wireless base station and a wireless terminal. Then, it relates to newly added functions and mechanisms.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional communication between a wireless base station and a wireless terminal is performed by:
It uses a form of communication using one polarization.

[0003]

Recently, in a data communication connection business such as the Internet for small and medium-sized business establishments and ordinary homes, a service business by wireless communication with users without using a local telephone line is about to start. . However, in that case, it is better that one wireless base station of the data communication connection company has a function that can support as many users as possible. In addition, it is necessary to consider the interference of radio waves with other stations, and the limited frequency band is divided into a number of channels, and communication is performed in a time-division manner. Not apart. For that,
If the frequency of the same radio base station is close to adjacent channels and power is leaked, or if the radio base station receives a radio wave transmitted from a radio terminal, interference between adjacent channels may occur. Also, in order to cope with the ever-increasing number of subscribers in mobile phones, some operators use a half-rate method to compress the audio signal down to about 1/19 and respond to users, but the sound quality is full-rate. Worse than Further, as another measure against the increasing number of subscribers, it is conceivable to increase the number of radio base stations, but also here, it is necessary to adjust the interference of radio waves between the base stations. In other words, if a new base station can be located near, adjustments such as weakening the output of the existing base station that has been made will be made. Further, by increasing the number of base stations, the boundary between base stations increases. In addition, since it becomes difficult to make a call at the border, increasing the number of base stations will increase the number of places where it is difficult to make a call. As described above, there is a point that it is not enough to simply increase the number of base stations in order to cope with the increase in the number of mobile phone subscribers. Next, when there is a large difference in height between the base station using the vertically polarized wave and the wireless terminal, there are times when communication cannot be performed. This is because the vertically polarized wave is omnidirectional with respect to the horizontal plane, which is advantageous, but is disadvantageous with respect to the vertical plane having high and low levels. The horizontal polarization is the opposite. At present, there is no mechanism to use vertical polarization and horizontal polarization together for communication between the base station and the wireless terminal.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a vertical polarization antenna and a horizontal polarization antenna are installed in both the radio base station and the radio terminal, and one of the polarization antennas is set depending on the situation at each time. The basic method is to transmit each other using a wave antenna. The above problem can be solved by incorporating a private plan into the conventional wireless data communication or mobile phone communication system. Next, to explain the good point of my plan clearly, if adjacent base stations radiate vertically polarized waves of the same frequency, there may be places where interference occurs, but one base station radiates horizontally polarized waves even at the same frequency. If you do, there is no theoretical interference. In addition, adjacent base stations radiate horizontally polarized waves toward each other's base stations, and when radiating at the same frequency, there may be places where interference occurs.
Even horizontally polarized waves radiating the same frequency do not interfere with each other if their radiation directions are different. As described above, in the case of horizontal polarization, if the directions of the antennas are different from each other in the area of the horizontal plane, no interference occurs even at the same frequency. Also, if the radiation directions are different from each other by about 90 °, interference will not be required. Next, two horizontal polarization antennas (2) radiated by the same base station and radiated by nearly 90 ° in the horizontal plane at the same frequency and having different radiation directions can be used without time-division multiple access TDMA. Different signals can be transmitted from the two wireless terminals that exist in the radiation direction. And
If the TDMA is not used and the system is re-arranged and the minimum unit of antenna equipment is explained, the same applies to two horizontal polarization antennas (2) with one vertically polarized antenna (1) and a different 90 ° orientation. Different signals can be sent to three users using radio waves of different frequencies. However, using both vertical and horizontal polarization for communication between the wireless base station and the wireless terminal can increase the number of users compared to using one of the above-mentioned polarizations at one base station. Becomes
Further, the number of horizontal polarization antennas (2) having different directions using reflectors for one transmission vertical polarization antenna (1) is increased, and the used channel is divided by the base station. For example, if two base stations use every other channel and two stations use all the channels, the problem of adjacent channel leakage power and interference will be cleared, and the number of users will also increase. It is possible. However, the transmission between the wireless base station and one wireless terminal is in the form of transmission using one polarization, and in order to be able to communicate efficiently, it is necessary to add a new mechanism Need to make new arrangements. To do so, it is necessary for the wireless base station to have the right to select the antenna used by the wireless terminal for transmission to the station. Also, in order to do so, different codes are respectively set or defined in advance for one or two antennas for the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization of the wireless terminal, and the code indicating the antenna specified by the base station is set. It is a good idea to select and transmit a transmission signal for each wireless terminal.

[0005]

The communication system between the radio base station and one radio terminal uses both the vertically polarized wave and the horizontally polarized wave for transmission. Further, in this system, the base station has a right to select an antenna used for transmission by the wireless terminal, and an antenna used by one wireless terminal for transmission is specified by a radio signal from the base station depending on the access and the situation at each time. Further, the antenna used by the wireless terminal for reception receives a signal from the base station with an antenna having a good reception level or with a plurality of antennas. This communication method is used for communication between a wireless base station of a data communication connection company such as the Internet and a wireless terminal connected to a computer, or for communication between a mobile phone base station and a mobile phone terminal.

[0006]

Embodiment 1 As pointed out by the problem to be solved by the invention, various problems occur in the conventional communication system between a radio base station and a radio terminal. The cause is a problem caused by trying to cope with a large number of users, and it seems that the system using one polarization cannot afford the ever-increasing demand. Recently, electromagnetic waves radiated from base stations have become a problem. The Lord may be an emotional problem, but it also makes it harder to get more base stations. And I propose to the world to add a new transmission method to the conventional communication method. In this embodiment, the contents of claim 1 will be described using practical examples. This is because users who use data transmission such as the Internet communicate with wireless base stations of data communication providers using fixed wireless terminals connected to computers such as personal computers without using telephone lines. , Both the vertical polarization antenna (1) and the horizontal polarization antenna (2) are installed. The horizontal polarization antenna (2) on the radio base station side is provided with a plurality of horizontal polarization antennas (2) having different radiation directions in order to cover a circular horizontal surface area at one base point. I do. When the calling side is a terminal, a control signal such as a connection request is transmitted at a specific frequency. The connection request signal also includes a signal that can identify each wireless terminal. In addition, the radio base station is provided with a control unit (3) that determines an antenna designation and a frequency designation used for reception and transmission of the base station in response to a connection request from each terminal. Therefore, the base station gives each wireless terminal in the connection request area the right to select which polarization antenna to use as the antenna used for transmission from the wireless terminal side to the base station in subsequent communication. The connection response signal including the frequency designation is accompanied by an antenna designation signal and transmitted for each wireless terminal. Further, the antenna designation signal is a signal for individually transmitting, to each wireless terminal, one antenna code of a code individually set or defined in advance for both polarization antennas of the wireless terminal. In addition, in order to transmit individually, the identification number such as the subscriber number of the wireless terminal of each user is attached together with a connection response signal and other control signals, and an antenna code signal indicating one of the polarization antennas is attached. By transmitting to the terminal side, it is possible to specify the antenna used by each user's wireless terminal for transmission. Also, the designation of the receiving antenna of the wireless terminal is not specified.

The task of the control unit (3) of the radio base station is to provide a vertically polarized antenna (1) having directivity on a horizontal plane corresponding to the direction of each terminal when each radio terminal accesses. Judgment is made based on the frequency channel used by the horizontal polarization antenna (2), the line availability of the channel, the reception sensitivity, and the like, and the assignment of communication with each terminal is designated to each antenna of the base station. Further, whether each terminal also specifies an antenna to use for transmission or each terminal specifies a frequency channel to use for transmission, whether each control unit that controls each antenna of the base station specifies, or whether the control unit (3) The antenna and the frequency channel used for transmission of each terminal are specified in cooperation with the control unit. Further, the above description is about the case where one area is covered by a plurality of antennas for vertical polarization (1). If the antenna for vertical polarization (1) which is omnidirectional with respect to a horizontal plane is also installed, The use channel of the antenna, the availability of the channel of the channel, and the reception sensitivity are also determined in consideration of the use distribution of the antenna. In the fixed wireless terminal, the control unit understands the designation of the antenna and the use frequency from the base station, sends a signal to the antenna switch unit, turns on the designated antenna, and communicates at the designated frequency. have. Then, by using the horizontal polarization, the communication is in a good state even if the height difference is large in the positional relationship between the base station and the fixed wireless terminal. Next, description will be made with reference to the drawings. The first diagram illustrates that separate signals can be transmitted to three users' fixed wireless terminals using one channel without using TDMA. However, my plan is TDMA
It is not a communication method that does not use. To make it easier to explain,
Fig. 1 is drawn without using TDMA. However, by combining the private scheme with TDMA, frequency division multiple access FDMA, code division multiple access CDMA using spread spectrum, or the like, one radio base station can support many users. Now, the description of FIG. 1 starts. In this figure, there are two horizontal polarization antennas (2) and one vertical polarization antenna (1) at the center, and the horizontal radiation range of each antenna is shown. Further, the location of the fixed wireless terminal possessed by the three users is shown in the area. A location where the wireless terminal is communicating using the vertically polarized antenna (1) is represented by A. Further, a place where communication is performed using the horizontal polarization antenna (2) is represented by B. FIG. 2 shows that two channels correspond to six users. To distinguish the radiation ranges of both frequency channels, one channel is represented by a solid line and the other channel is represented by a dotted line. Also, the antenna of the radio base station here has a form in which one horizontal polarization antenna (2) is installed on one side of a regular square, and each antenna is provided inside the four horizontal polarization antennas (2). A reflector (8) is provided. Further, the two vertically polarized antennas (1) are each radiating radio waves of one channel from the two stacked vertically polarized antennas (1). A location where the fixed wireless terminal communicates using the vertically polarized antenna (1) is illustrated as A. Further, a place where communication is performed using the horizontally polarized antenna (2) is drawn as B. The above is theoretically possible communication means, but in the area where high-rise buildings in the city center are overcrowded, radio waves may be reflected and reverse polarization may occur, so figure out a practical form. 3 will be described. In FIG. 3, six antennas for horizontal polarization (2) are arranged in six directions, and a reflector (8) and a director (9) are provided for each of them. And it is a form that uses one of the three channels as one. or,
Reflectors (8) and directors (9) are also provided on the three inner vertical polarization antennas (1), and each area is divided into three using one channel. Further, the transmission and reception of the vertically polarized wave at a timing that is earlier or later than a quarter of the horizontally polarized wave can be considered.

The horizontal polarization antenna (2) is shown in FIG.
It is a form that gives a strong directivity to the horizontal plane. Further, the two opposing horizontal polarization antennas (2) use the same channel. Also, the vertically polarized antenna (1) has a directivity in which the radiation range of the radio wave is limited to about 120 °. The antennas are arranged so that each area does not overlap with the horizontally polarized channel. In this way, three different channels can be used to communicate with nine different users. What has been described so far is a form in which one antenna radiates a radio wave of one channel, but in reality, a single antenna radiates radio waves of a plurality of frequency channels. The explanation is simplified for the sake of clarity. In the above description, transmission and reception are performed using one polarization antenna. However, both the base station and the terminal may use the other polarization for reception. However, reception and transmission have different legal regulations, so both use different frequencies. The above is the basic idea of my plan. And
By arranging wireless base stations of a data communication connection company at three or four points and using them as cores to extend the wireless base stations to the outside, data transmission over a wide area can be performed wirelessly. In addition, the basic types of the antenna configuration on the fixed wireless terminal side are a vertical polarization antenna (1) and a horizontal polarization antenna (2) in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, respectively.
Is provided. The direction of the horizontal polarization antenna (2) is adjusted to the direction of the wireless base station in the area. Also, since it is better not to radiate radio waves in other directions, the Yagi-Uda antenna type is suitable for outdoor antennas for both antennas. When an antenna is installed indoors due to circumstances, it is better to install it near a window. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of the outdoor antenna. FIG.
Is a schematic diagram of the basic configuration of a radio base station. In practice, it is considered that in many cases, a large number of antennas are installed in one radio base station for both the horizontal polarization antenna (2) and the vertical polarization antenna (1). , The use of both horizontal and vertical polarizations is clearly shown. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a basic configuration of a fixed wireless terminal connected to a computer on the user side.
Also, when the distance between the user and the wireless base station is large, the air transmission power is used to the fullest extent, and when the distance is short, the air transmission power is weakened so that the wireless base station can uniformly transmit radio waves from the user side. It is better to be able to receive in close form.
Although the description so far has been based on the assumption that a computer is connected to the wireless terminal on the user side, a device capable of mutually communicating data by incorporating the above wireless function into a device and the like having a computer function in the same package. May be. Further, in claim 1, when the calling side is the wireless terminal side, the description of which polarization antenna is used for the first calling signal is omitted, but it may be specified in advance that one antenna is used. Alternatively, one of the vertical polarization antenna (1) and the horizontal polarization antenna (2) may be determined depending on the direction of each wireless terminal viewed from the base station side. Further, it is conceivable to alternately transmit a calling signal using both antennas.

[0009]

[Embodiment 2] This embodiment is an explanation of a communication mode between a mobile phone connection company and a mobile phone terminal. In the case of a mobile phone terminal, it must be assumed that the terminal will move, and that it will be assumed that the terminal will be in various inclined states. Since the terminal side is a mobile terminal, transmission from the terminal side to the base station is easier to grasp as a base station using vertical polarization. Therefore, transmission from a mobile phone terminal uses vertical polarization. However, since the mobile terminal is in various tilt states as described above, when the base station receives a request for location registration or communication, it is determined which of the three antennas is likely to emit vertical polarization. Then, the antenna designating signal is transmitted. If the mobile phone base station knows the direction of each terminal in the area, horizontal polarization can be used for transmission from the base station. However, the mobile terminal sometimes moves at a high speed depending on the time, or does not move during almost a certain time zone. In addition, there are times when the moving situation is such that the user walks. However, when there is no movement, there is no inconvenience to transmit using horizontal polarization or vertical polarization having directivity in the horizontal plane. Also, when moving at a high speed,
It is better to communicate to the mobile terminal using omni-directional vertical polarization with respect to the horizontal plane. Also, since a terminal that has not moved may suddenly start moving, the directional vertical polarization antenna (1) and the horizontal polarization antenna (2) used by the base station for communication are arranged in a horizontal plane. It is better to cover a wide area or all areas. Then, as an example in consideration of the above contents, transmission channels of the used frequency band are alternately allocated to vertical polarization and horizontal polarization, and channels larger than the current number of channels are created. Then, one element, that is, one vertical polarization antenna (1),
Set the one that covers ° in a three-piece set from four directions to six directions. Two of the three sets are used for reception, and the remaining one is used for transmission, and radiates all the used channels in all directions. Further, assuming that the horizontal polarization antenna (2) is a set of two element antennas orthogonal to each other, two sets of cross type antennas having different directions are provided, and the two sets of cross type antennas are synchronized at the same frequency. Radio waves are radiated from a four-element horizontal polarization antenna (2). Then, the circular area on the horizontal plane can be covered with the horizontally polarized waves of the same frequency. By building a base station having such antenna equipment, the base station becomes a facility that can handle even more users than ever. Recognition of the azimuth of each mobile phone terminal is performed by the reception sensitivity of an antenna having a different radiation direction, or azimuth and position are recognized by a digital network or a holding center. Further, the antenna of a base station of a mobile phone using only the current vertically polarized wave is set in three sets of six directions with two elements. Each element covers about 120 ° in the horizontal direction. However, in the private plan, the capability is increased by the amount of the transmission signal using the horizontal polarization. However, since mobile phone communication is transmission and reception and horizontal polarization reception is only control signals, the number of reception lines other than the control signals for the transmission lines of the horizontal polarization antenna (2) installed in one base station Requires several vertical polarization antennas (1) to fill the gap. And
The fact that the number of elements of the vertically polarized antenna (1) is larger than the number of elements of the horizontally polarized antenna (2) is that the number of elements of the vertically polarized antenna (12) is 12 as described above.
From 18 to 18 elements, the horizontal polarization element is 4 elements. Further, both elements may be further increased and the number of channels may be increased, but the space between the channels becomes narrower. And even the private plan explained so far is trying to devise a device that takes that into account. The idea is to solve the problem by using both vertical and horizontal polarization, but the following idea may be used to further solve the problem of channel increase. That is, a pair transmitting and receiving with vertical polarization and a pair transmitting with horizontal polarization and receiving with vertical polarization are separated, and the timing of one of them is shifted by about a quarter wavelength.

[0010] This will be described by taking only the timing other than the control signal. If the transmission is performed with the vertical polarization at the beginning, the transmission is performed with the horizontal polarization shifted by about a quarter. Also, first, when receiving with vertical polarization, the reception is shifted by about a quarter and then received with vertical polarization. Also, in this case, the channel division uses two-thirds of the vertical polarization for transmission and reception, and uses one-third of the horizontal polarization for transmission only. Also, if horizontal polarization can be used successfully for all receptions at the base station, the channel utilization ratio of vertical polarization and horizontal polarization may be 1: 1. In such a case, the antenna equipment of the base station is such that the vertically polarized equment is a two-piece set, and the horizontally polarized element is also changed to a two-piece set in each direction. The above-mentioned contents can correspond to many people. FIG. 7 shows an example of the antenna equipment of the above-mentioned private mobile phone base station. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a configuration in which one element of a vertically polarized antenna (1) is installed in four directions in a three-piece set, and two sets of cross-type horizontally polarized antennas (2) have facilities of four elements. is there. The actual base station emits radio waves of many channels per element. Next, a general description of a communication method based on a private plan of a mobile phone will be described. First, the base station is provided with only a plurality of antennas for vertical polarization (1) having directivity in the horizontal direction and a plurality of antennas for horizontal polarization (2) having different radiation directions with respect to the horizontal plane. In addition to these, an omnidirectional vertical polarization antenna (1) is also provided for the horizontal plane, the vertical polarization antenna (1) is used for all transmission and reception, and the horizontal polarization antenna (2) is transmitted from the terminal. , And mainly used for transmission to terminals other than the control signal. The control signal transmitted from the base station to the terminal uses the vertically polarized antenna (1). Next, on the mobile phone terminal side, one nominal vertical polarization antenna (4) and two antennas that intersect at right angles to the antenna are nominally different from each other by 90 °. An antenna for horizontal polarization (5) is provided. Transmission from the terminal side to the base station mainly uses vertical polarization. In addition, the mobile phone terminal uses an antenna having the best reception level of a control signal based on vertical polarization from the base station for transmission, or uses an antenna designated by the base station for transmission at a certain time. The priority of the antenna used for transmission by the terminal is on the base station side, and the transmission antenna determined by the terminal itself has a supplementary role.

When the calling side is a portable telephone terminal, a control signal such as a communication request or location registration uses a specific frequency, and further determines the order of three transmitting and receiving antennas, and sets an antenna code indicating each antenna. Is also transmitted. Then, the base station selects the antenna that radiates the best vertical polarization among the transmission signals from the three antennas of each terminal at that time, and transmits an antenna designation signal to each terminal. In addition, each mobile phone terminal transmits using the specified antenna or the antenna selected by itself, but after a certain cycle, two other control signals including the antenna code are continuously transmitted from the other two antennas. To the base station. Further, the control unit (3) of the base station uses the antenna for vertical polarization (1) to measure the antenna of the terminal having the best reception level at the present time, and specifies the antenna code and frequency designation indicating the antenna. It is attached to the authentication request and reception signals and transmitted to each terminal. Also, if the reception level of the radio wave transmitted from one antenna of one terminal becomes lower than the reference value at a certain time, and the reception level of the radio wave transmitted from one of the other two antennas rises , And change the specification. In addition, as described earlier, the mobile phone terminal itself selects the antenna with the best reception level among the three antennas for the control signal from the base station. If it informs the control unit, the base station does not have to specify the antenna that radiates the vertical polarization of each terminal in a short cycle. However, in the case of urban areas, there is a case where radio waves transmitted by the antenna determined by each terminal at the present time reach the base station and are reflected by a shield or the like and become nearly horizontally polarized. It is better to give priority to antenna designation by. Also, as a specific example of the function for observing the inclination state, a hollow spherical body is divided into six parts, each of which is provided with a sensor function, and one or three or more small balls are put therein, and the balls contact each other. A tilt measuring device (14) is provided for measuring the inclination by means of. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of that part. Also, the antenna part should not be able to move except for vertical slide.

In addition, a method of allocating an antenna used by a base station in response to each mobile phone terminal is to dispose an antenna in multiple directions and provide a horizontally polarized antenna having a directivity in a horizontal direction covering a base area. (1) One set and a horizontally polarized antenna that is also arranged in multiple directions and covers a base area (2)
The control unit (3) comprehensively determines a set of channels used by the omnidirectional vertically polarized antenna (1), the availability of the channel line, and the movement status of each terminal. The usage distribution of the antenna is determined, and redistribution is performed after a certain cycle. The direction of each terminal can be recognized by the receiving sensitivity of an antenna having directivity on a horizontal plane.
When the calling side is a base station, the control unit (3) determines based on control signals such as antenna codes attached to the three types of location registration at that time, and the radio wave transmitted by each terminal reaches the base station. Sometimes, the vertical polarization antenna (1) installed in the base station is attached to the calling signal with an antenna code indicating the antenna whose reception level is higher than the horizontal polarization antenna (2), and Send each. Further, the control signal is transmitted at a specific frequency. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the basic configuration of the base station. The control unit (3) in this figure is in charge of the host computer. Next Figure 10
3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a mobile phone terminal.

[0013]

Embodiment 3 The antenna configuration used for transmission / reception of the portable telephone terminal according to the invention is composed of a set of three antennas having different antenna directions as described in Example 2. Since the size of the antenna assembly is small and the three antennas are densely arranged, it is necessary to devise a method that does not adversely affect each other. The explanation of the ingenuity is mainly described. First, the nominal vertical polarization antenna (4)
The shape of the aggregate of two antennas with one nominal horizontal polarization antenna (5) is a sphere or a hexahedron, or a shape close to them. Both ends reach the surface layer. The antenna assembly portion includes an antenna portion, an insulator portion (6) made of metal, metal oxide, or the like, and a material portion (7) made of plastic or the like having good radio wave transparency. With such an antenna configuration, even if the mobile phone terminal is in any inclined state, one of the antennas can emit a vertically polarized wave. Also, the fact that the terminal is specified in front of the three antennas for transmission and reception of the terminal is that, as described above, the terminal is in various inclined states, so each antenna has a vertical polarization antenna or a horizontal polarization In order to assign an antenna and a name, it is specified as nominal before the antenna. FIG. 11 is a diagram simply showing three antennas. Next, FIG. 12 is a diagram of only an antenna configuration in which both ends of the antenna are thicker than the feeding point (10) side. FIG. 13 also shows an antenna shape in which both ends of the antenna have expanded spirals. FIG. 14 shows a pole (1) supporting the antenna portion.
1) and a section of the antenna assembly are shown in a sectional view, and a part of the mobile phone terminal body is also shown in the figure. And
Three coaxial lines (12) for feeding three antennas are also drawn on the cross section. The surface layer has a material portion (7) having good radio wave permeability, and a filter (13) such as a semiconductor or an insulator which mainly passes a frequency band to be used is provided inside the material portion (7). ) Are formed, depicting three coaxial lines (12) carrying power through them to each feed point (10). In addition, each coaxial line (12)
In the insulator portion and the filter portion, each coaxial line (12) is placed at a certain distance to the feeding point (10) in order to suppress the influence of power on two antennas other than the one feeding antenna. It has a form that puts. Further, it is preferable that the insulator portion (6) also has a magnetic blocking function. The presence of the insulator portion (6) enables clear transmission and reception even when three antennas are densely packed. In the description so far, the filter (13) is provided on the upper layer of the insulator (6). However, the filter (13) may not be provided only by the insulator (6). Further, FIG.
The antenna may be covered with a dielectric (15) such as BaTiO3, zinc oxide ZnO, or PZT zirconium titanate to improve the efficiency. Also, this antenna form can be used as a cross antenna for circularly polarized waves. And
Since two antennas are provided in the horizontal direction, the antenna is configured so that transmission and reception by circularly polarized waves can be performed regardless of the direction of the base station in any direction. Claim 1 as the final conclusion
Although the control signal uses a specific frequency as described in and 2, the combination of the code division multiple access technology WCDMA using the wide-area spread spectrum and the private plan ensures that communication is not interrupted without using the specific frequency. If so, there is no need to use the determined frequency.

[0014]

According to the present invention, the interference problem can be solved between the radio base station and the radio terminal by using the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization together, and the limited use frequency band can be effectively used. And, compared to the conventional method using only one polarization,
This is a communication system that can support many users in one base station. Furthermore, even when the height difference between the base station and one wireless terminal is large, the use of horizontal polarization also prevents the communication sensitivity from becoming uneven. Also, since the antenna part of the mobile phone terminal is outside the package of the terminal body,
Shield processing to prevent radio waves emitted from the antenna from jumping into the internal electronic circuit does not need to consider the antenna, so that a high-quality terminal can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a radiation range of each antenna and a position of a user according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 2 shows the radiation range of each antenna and the position of a user according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a radiation range of each antenna and a position of a user according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an antenna of the wireless terminal according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a wireless base station according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a wireless terminal according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the antenna equipment of the base station according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 shows the structure of a tilt measuring device according to the second embodiment, which can determine the tilt state.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a base station according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of a mobile phone terminal according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a simplified diagram of three antennas of the terminal according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of three antennas of the terminal according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of three antennas of the terminal according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an antenna portion according to the third embodiment shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 vertical polarization antenna 14 tilt measuring device 2 horizontal polarization antenna 15 dielectric 3 control unit 4 nominal vertical polarization antenna 5 nominal horizontal polarization antenna 6 insulating unit 7 good radio wave transmission Material part 8 Reflector 9 Wave director 10 Feed point 11 Pole supporting antenna 12 Coaxial line 13 Filter

Claims (3)

[Claims] In a wireless base station and a wireless terminal for communicating with the base station, any one of a vertically polarized antenna (1)
And the horizontal polarization antenna (2). And whether the base station only has a plurality of vertically polarized antennas (1) having directivity with respect to the horizontal plane and a plurality of horizontally polarized antennas (2) having different radiation directions with respect to the horizontal plane, Further, an omnidirectional vertically polarized antenna (1) is provided for the horizontal plane. Then, when the calling side is the wireless terminal side, the control signal such as the connection request signal is transmitted using the specific channel. The connection request signal also includes a signal that can identify each wireless terminal. Further, the base station is provided with a control unit (3) for determining which antenna is used for subsequent reception and transmission for each connection request. For this purpose, the base station determines which polarization antenna to use for the wireless terminal in the area that has transmitted the connection request signal, and the antenna used for transmission from the wireless terminal to the base station in the subsequent communication. The base station has a selection right, and the base station attaches an antenna designation signal to the connection response signal and transmits the signal for each wireless terminal. The antenna designation signal is a signal for individually transmitting one antenna code of codes individually set in advance to both polarization antennas of the wireless terminal to each wireless terminal. In order to transmit each radio terminal individually, an identification code such as a subscriber number of each radio terminal is transmitted together with a connection response signal and other control signals, and an antenna code signal indicating one polarization antenna is transmitted. Can specify one antenna to use for transmission. Also, a control signal such as a response signal to the wireless terminal of the base station is transmitted using a specific frequency. In addition, a frequency used by each terminal, in other words, a channel is specified for the signal. Also, when the wireless base station transmits to a wireless terminal in the area, designation of an antenna to be received by the wireless terminal is not specified. In addition, as a task of the control unit (3) of the radio base station, an omnidirectional vertical polarization antenna (1) at the time of access by each radio terminal and a vertical polarization antenna (1) adapted to the direction of each terminal. ), The channel used by the horizontally polarized antenna (2), the availability of the channel of the channel, the reception sensitivity, and the like, and only the usage is allocated to each antenna, and the antenna used by each terminal for transmission is determined. Also specify the channel and channel. The wireless terminal has a function of the control unit understanding the antenna designation signal from the wireless base station, sending a signal to the antenna switch unit, turning on the antenna designated by the base station, and sending a transmission signal. A communication mode and a wireless terminal function of the wireless base station. 2. In a communication mode between a base station of a mobile phone connection company and a mobile phone terminal based on the above contents, the base station side is provided with a vertical polarization antenna (1) and a horizontal polarization antenna (2). Then, vertical polarization and horizontal polarization are used together. However, the horizontal polarization antenna (2) is mainly used for transmission, and reception is used only for control signals transmitted from terminals. Also,
The control signal transmitted from the base station to the terminal uses only vertical polarization. On the mobile phone terminal side, one nominal vertical polarization antenna (4) and two antennas that intersect at right angles to the antenna have a nominal horizontal polarization of A wave antenna (5) is provided. The transmission from the terminal side to the base station mainly uses vertical polarization. Also, the mobile phone terminal uses the antenna having the best reception level of the control signal due to the vertical polarization from the base station for transmission,
At some point, the antenna specified by the base station is used for transmission. When the calling side is a mobile phone terminal, a control signal such as a communication request or a location registration uses a specific frequency, and further determines the order of three transmitting and receiving antennas, and also includes an antenna code indicating each antenna. To send. Then, the base station selects the antenna that radiates the best vertical polarization among the transmission signals from the three antennas of each mobile phone terminal at that time, and transmits the antenna designation signal to the terminal side. In addition, each mobile phone terminal transmits using the specified antenna or the antenna selected by itself, but after a certain cycle, two other control signals including the antenna code are continuously transmitted from the other two antennas. To the base station.
Further, the control unit (3) of the base station uses the antenna for vertical polarization (1) to measure the antenna of the terminal having the best reception level at the present time, and authenticates the antenna code and frequency designation of the antenna. It is transmitted to each terminal in addition to a request or reception signal. Also, when the reception level of the radio wave transmitted from one antenna of one terminal becomes lower than the reference value at a certain time, and the reception level of the radio wave transmitted from one of the other two antennas increases. Is a mechanism to change the specification.
In addition, the method of allocating antennas used by the base station in response to each mobile phone terminal is as follows: a vertically polarized antenna (1) in which antennas are arranged in multiple directions and have directivity in the horizontal direction covering a base area; Also, the control unit (3) controls the channels used by the horizontally polarized antenna (2) and the like, which are also arranged in multiple directions to cover the base area, the availability of the lines of the channels, and the movement status of each mobile phone terminal. Make a comprehensive decision, determine the usage distribution of both antennas, and redistribute them in a fixed cycle. The direction of each terminal can be recognized by the receiving sensitivity of an antenna having directivity on a horizontal plane. When the calling side is a base station, the control unit (3) judges from the antenna code signals attached to the three types of location registration at that time, and also calls an antenna designation for each terminal to transmit with vertical polarization. A communication form and a wireless terminal function of a wireless base station, wherein the control signals are transmitted at a specific frequency accompanying the signals. 3. The antenna form used by the portable telephone terminal for receiving and transmitting is composed of an aggregate of three antennas having different directions of the respective antennas as described in claim 2. And
The shape of the aggregate portion of the three antennas is spherical or hexahedral, and both ends of each antenna reach the surface layer.
Further, the assembly portion is composed of an antenna portion, an insulator portion (6) of metal or metal oxide, and a material portion (7) having good radio wave transparency such as plastic. With such an antenna configuration, even if the mobile phone terminal is in any inclined state, one of the antennas can emit a vertically polarized wave. Furthermore,
A wireless terminal function characterized in that this antenna form can be used as a circularly polarized antenna.