JP2001098659A - Fire resistive construction for building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To form a steel column or steel beam constituting the steel structure of a building in a superior fire resistive structure through simple construction work and, at the same time, to secure ventilation. SOLUTION: A steel column C constituting a steel structure is formed in a synthetic fire resistive covering structure by covering the column C with a fire resistive exterior wall material W, fire resistive coating materials F1, and fire resistive ventilating members 1 which are put in the butting sections of the coating materials F1 with the exterior wall material W. Each ventilating member 1 is composed of a metallic plate-made ventilating member 2 and a thermally expansible sheet 3 stuck to the internal surface of the web of the member 2 confronted with the exterior wall material W. In addition, a vent hole is formed through a flange which is brought into contact with the exterior wall material W and the front and rear surface sides of the coating material F1, namely, both sides of the column C are communicated with each other through the vent hole.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refractory structure of a steel beam or a steel column constituting a steel structure of a building.
In order to prevent condensation inside the wall and the occurrence of mold due to the condensation,
The present invention relates to a fire-resistant structure of a building that allows ventilation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, multi-family dwellings having three stories or more, special buildings such as hospitals, etc., must have a fire-resistant structure having a predetermined fire resistance based on the Building Standard Law. For example,
As shown in FIG. 8, a steel column C or a steel beam G of a steel structure is coated with a fire-resistant coating material F in order to impart fire resistance to a building having a steel structure as a main structural part.
It is formed into a fireproof coating structure.

Further, in a building where it is necessary to ensure fire resistance for the steel column C and the steel beam G of the steel structure, a highly fire-resistant outer wall material or floor material such as a lightweight cellular concrete plate having a thickness of 100 mm is used. It is used. At least one surface of the steel column C or the steel beam G with which the outer wall material and the floor material are in contact is the outer wall material W and the floor material B having high fire resistance (see FIGS. 9 and 10).
Outer wall material W and floor material B
Is regarded as one refractory coating, and a composite refractory coating structure with another refractory coating F is recognized. When such a composite fire-resistant coating structure is adopted, the steel column C and the steel beam G
Since it is not necessary to cover one to three surfaces, there is an advantage that not only a great economic effect can be obtained but also the workability is greatly improved.

On the other hand, on the inner surface side of the outer wall material, an inner wall composed of a heat insulating material layer, a moisture-proof layer, and an interior base material is erected to form a certain space between the outer wall material and air. This prevents mold and corrosion caused by dew condensation on the inside of the inner wall, and increases the durability of the building.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned composite fire-resistant coating structure of the steel column and the steel beam made of the outer wall material and the fire-resistant coating material, the outer wall material and the fire-resistant coating material have a flame inside the steel column and the steel beam. Since it is necessary to install the airtight member without a gap so as not to enter, a ventilation passage formed between the outer wall material and the inner wall is shut off, and there is a problem that sufficient ventilation cannot be secured.

[0006] As described in JP-A-6-32664, a fire-resistant coating material obtained by mixing inorganic components such as vermiculite and rock wool with water glass or hydraulic cement is used in steel beams and columns of a steel structure. It is known that the fire resistance of steel beams and columns is ensured by spraying or applying to such steel.However, such fire-resistant coating materials must be sprayed or applied on site during construction. Therefore, there is a problem that the work environment is deteriorated, unevenness is easily generated, and some skill is required, so that the workability is deteriorated. In addition, when covering a steel column or a steel beam provided on an outer peripheral portion of a building, the work is performed at a high place, and there is a problem in safety.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a fireproof structure of a building which can be easily constructed, has excellent fireproof performance, and can secure ventilation. Is what you do.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a steel column and a steel beam constituting a steel structure, a fire-resistant outer wall material attached to the steel column or the steel beam at a predetermined interval, and a steel column or a steel frame. A fire-resistant covering material for covering the beam, and a fire-resistant ventilation member provided at a butt portion between the fire-resistant outer wall material and the fire-resistant coating material, wherein the fire-resistant ventilation member is formed of a metal having a ventilation path formed therein. The ventilation member made of a plate and the ventilation member are made of a heat-expandable sheet laminated on one side facing the fire-resistant outer wall material, and the front side and the back side of the fire-resistant covering material are communicated through the ventilation path of the fire-resistant ventilation member. In addition, the heat-expandable sheet forms a fire-resistant heat-insulating layer by heating to block a ventilation path.

According to the present invention, the steel column or the steel beam is formed by the fire-resistant outer wall material, the fire-resistant covering material, and the fire-resistant ventilation member provided at the butt portion between the fire-resistant outer wall material and the fire-resistant covering material. It is coated and formed into a composite refractory coating structure. Then, the front side and the back side of the refractory coating material, that is, one and the other of the steel column or the steel beam, are ventilated through the ventilation path of the fire-resistant ventilation member. Further, the heat expansion sheet of the fire-resistant ventilation member forms a fire-resistant heat-insulating layer by heating, so that the ventilation path is blocked.

As a result, since the steel column or the steel beam is covered with the fire-resistant outer wall material, the fire-resistant covering material, and the fire-resistant ventilation member, it is possible to reliably prevent the heat from the fire from being transmitted to the steel column or the steel beam. In addition, it can be constructed by a simple operation of simply covering a steel column or a steel beam with a fireproof covering material and a fireproof ventilation member. On the other hand, it is possible to ventilate one and the other of the steel column or steel beam through the ventilation path of the fire-resistant ventilation member, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of mold and corrosion due to dew condensation on the inner wall of the building, Durability can be increased.

[0011] The steel column or steel beam of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an H-shaped steel, a square steel pipe, and a round steel pipe.

Further, as the fire-resistant outer wall material, a conventionally used material such as a lightweight cellular concrete board (ALC board) and a precast concrete board (PC board) can be adopted.

On the other hand, as the fire-resistant coating material, a calcium silicate plate, a fiber reinforced gypsum board, a lightweight cellular concrete plate (ALC plate) or an extruded cement plate, a nonwoven fabric made of a fiber having high heat resistance such as ceramic fiber or rock wool. And a sheet in which a heat-expandable sheet is laminated on a metal plate.

The material of the calcium silicate plate is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as a calcium silicate plate. For example, the material contains inorganic fibers and organic materials in addition to calcium silicate. You may.
In particular, a calcium silicate plate containing 75 to 89% by weight of calcium silicate, 11% by weight or less of inorganic fibers, and 6% by weight or less of organic matter is preferable.

The thickness of the calcium silicate plate is from 25 to 50.
mm is preferred. If it is less than 25 mm, a sufficient fire resistance effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 50 mm, the fire resistance effect does not change, which is economically disadvantageous.

As the fiber reinforced gypsum board, lightweight cellular concrete board or extruded cement board, those conventionally used can be employed.

The thickness of these fiber-reinforced gypsum board, lightweight cellular concrete board or extruded cement board is 10
~ 50 mm is preferred. If it is less than 10 mm, a sufficient fireproof effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 50 mm, the fireproof effect does not change, which is economically disadvantageous.

Further, as the refractory coating material, a metal plate such as a galvanized steel plate, a stainless steel plate, or an aluminum-zinc alloy-plated steel plate laminated with a thermally expandable sheet may be used on at least one surface of the steel column or the steel beam. .

The thickness of the metal plate is preferably 0.2 to 0.6 mm. If it is less than 0.2 mm, the fireproof effect cannot be sufficiently obtained, and if it exceeds 0.6 mm, the fireproof effect does not change, which is economically disadvantageous.

The heat-expandable sheet forms a heat-insulating layer by, for example, receiving heat and expanding in the event of a fire, and prevents heat from being transmitted to the steel column or the steel beam by the heat-insulating layer. The heat-expandable sheet is laminated on the inner surface of the metal plate, but need not necessarily be disposed over the entire inner surface of the metal plate.

The heat-expandable sheet expands by heating to exhibit heat insulation performance, and has a thickness expansion ratio of 1.1 to 1.1 when expanded in volume under heating conditions of 50 kW / m ² for 30 minutes. Preferably it is 30 times. In particular,
Twenty times is preferred.

The thickness of the heat-expandable sheet is 0.3 to 5.0.
mm is preferred. If it is less than 0.3 mm, sufficient heat insulating properties cannot be exhibited even if expanded, and if it exceeds 5.0 mm, it becomes heavy and handling becomes difficult.

The heat-expandable sheet comprises a thermoplastic resin and / or
Alternatively, it is made of a resin composition containing a rubber substance, a phosphorus compound, and an inorganic filler, exhibits sufficient heat insulating performance due to expansion, can be formed into a sheet, and has excellent handleability.

The thermoplastic resin and / or rubber material is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include polyolefin resins such as polypropylene resins and polyethylene resins, polypentene resins, polystyrene resins, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins, Polycarbonate resin, polyphenylene ether resin, acrylic resin, polyamide resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, phenol resin, polyurethane resin, polybutene, polychloroprene, butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, polybutadiene, polyisobutylene, nitrile rubber, etc. Is mentioned.

In particular, halogenated resins such as polychloroprene and chlorinated butyl rubber have high flame retardancy by themselves, cross-linking occurs by a dehalogenation reaction by heat, and the strength of the residue after heating is improved. preferable.

These thermoplastic resins and / or rubber materials are very flexible and have rubber-like properties, so that they can be highly filled with an inorganic filler and the resulting resin composition Things become flexible and flexible. In order to obtain a more flexible and flexible resin composition, a non-vulcanized rubber or a polyethylene resin is preferably used.

The thermoplastic grease and / or rubber material comprises:
They may be used alone or in combination of two or more. A blend of two or more resins may be used as the base resin in order to adjust the melt viscosity, flexibility, tackiness, etc. of the resin.

The thermoplastic resin and / or rubber material may be crosslinked or modified within a range that does not impair the fire resistance of the thermally expandable sheet. There is no particular limitation on the timing of such cross-linking or modification, and other components such as a phosphorus compound or an inorganic filler described below may be added to the previously cross-linked and modified thermoplastic resin and / or rubber substance, Crosslinking or modification may be performed simultaneously with or after the other components are blended. The crosslinking method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a crosslinking method usually performed on a thermoplastic resin or a rubber material, for example, a method using various crosslinking agents, peroxides, and the like, and a method using electron beam irradiation.

The phosphorus compound is not particularly restricted but includes, for example, red phosphorus; various phosphates such as triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trixylenyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, xylenyl diphenyl phosphate; Metal phosphates such as sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate and magnesium phosphate; ammonium polyphosphates: general formula R3 (R
2) Compounds represented by PO (OR1) and the like.

In the formula, R1 and R3 represent hydrogen, carbon number 1
Represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 16 to 16 or an aryl group having from 6 to 16 carbon atoms. R2 is a hydroxyl group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkoxyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms,
Represents an aryl group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms or an aryloxy group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms.

Among these, from the viewpoint of fire resistance, red phosphorus, ammonium polyphosphates and compounds represented by the above general formula are preferred, and ammonium polyphosphates are more preferred in terms of performance, safety, cost and the like.

Red phosphorus improves the flame retardant effect by adding a small amount. Commercially available red phosphorus can be used as the red phosphorus, but those obtained by coating the surface of red phosphorus particles with a resin are preferably used from the viewpoints of moisture resistance and safety such as not spontaneously igniting during kneading.

The ammonium polyphosphates are not particularly limited, and include, for example, ammonium polyphosphate and melamine-modified ammonium polyphosphate. Of these, ammonium polyphosphate is preferably used from the viewpoint of handleability. Examples of commercially available products include “AP422” and “AP462” manufactured by Clariant, “Sumisafe P” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., and “Terageyu C60” manufactured by Chisso.

The compound represented by the general formula R3 (R2) PO (OR1) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include methylphosphonic acid, dimethylmethylphosphonate, diethylmethylphosphonate, ethylphosphonic acid, propylphosphonic acid, and butylphosphonic acid. 2-methylpropylphosphonic acid, t-butylphosphonic acid, 2,3-dimethyl-butylphosphonic acid, octylphosphonic acid, phenylphosphonic acid, dioctylphenylphosphonate, dimethylphosphinic acid, methylethylphosphinic acid, methylpropylphosphinic acid, Examples thereof include diethylphosphinic acid, dioctylphosphinic acid, phenylphosphinic acid, diethylphenylphosphinic acid, diphenylphosphinic acid, and bis (4-methoxyphenyl) phosphinic acid. Among them, t-butyl phosphonic acid is expensive, but is preferable in terms of high flame retardancy.

The phosphorus compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The inorganic filler is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, metal oxides such as alumina, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, iron oxide, tin oxide, antimony oxide, and ferrites; calcium hydroxide, hydroxide Hydrous inorganic substances such as magnesium, aluminum hydroxide, hydrotalcite; metal carbonates such as basic magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc carbonate, strontium carbonate, barium carbonate; calcium sulfate, gypsum fiber, calcium silicate, etc. Calcium salt; silica, diatomaceous earth, dawsonite, barium sulfate, talc, clay, mica, montmorillonite, bentonite, activated clay, sepiolite, imogolite, sericite, glass fiber, glass beads, silica-based balun, aluminum nitride, boron nitride Silicon nitride, carbon black, graphite, carbon fiber, carbon balun, charcoal powder, various metal powders, potassium titanate, magnesium sulfate, lead zirconate titanate, aluminum borate, molybdenum sulfide, silicon carbide, stainless steel fiber, boric acid Examples include zinc, various magnetic powders, slag fibers, fly ash, and dewatered sludge. Among them, hydrous inorganic substances and metal carbonates are preferred.

Water-containing inorganic substances such as magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide endothermic due to water generated by a dehydration reaction during heating, and the temperature rise is reduced to obtain high heat resistance. It is particularly preferable that the material remains and works as an aggregate, thereby improving the strength of the residue. Magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide have different temperature ranges where the dehydration effect is exhibited,
When used together, the temperature range in which the dehydration effect is exhibited is widened, and a more effective temperature rise suppression effect is obtained.

Metal carbonates such as calcium carbonate and zinc carbonate are considered to promote swelling by reaction with a phosphorus compound. Particularly, when ammonium polyphosphate is used as the phosphorus compound, a high swelling effect can be obtained. In addition, it acts as an effective aggregate and forms a residue having high shape retention after burning.

Among the metal carbonates, further, an alkali metal carbonate such as sodium carbonate; an alkaline earth metal carbonate such as magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate and strontium carbonate; a carbonate of a Group IIb metal such as zinc carbonate in the periodic table. Is preferred.

In general, the inorganic filler acts as an aggregate, and is considered to contribute to an improvement in residue strength and an increase in heat capacity.

The inorganic filler may be used alone or in combination of two or more. As the particle size of the inorganic filler, 0.5
１００100 μm, more preferably about 1 μm.
５０50 μm. Further, it is more preferable to use the inorganic filler having a large particle size and the inorganic filler having a small particle size in combination. By using the inorganic filler in combination, it is possible to increase the packing while maintaining the mechanical performance of the thermally expandable sheet. It becomes possible.

The resin composition may contain, in addition to the thermoplastic resin and / or rubber substance, the phosphorus compound and the inorganic filler, neutralized heat-expandable graphite, polyhydric alcohol, and the like.

The neutralized heat-expandable graphite is obtained by neutralizing heat-expandable graphite which is a conventionally known substance. The heat-expandable graphite is made from powders such as natural scale graphite, pyrolytic graphite, quiche graphite, concentrated sulfuric acid, nitric acid, inorganic acids such as selenic acid and concentrated nitric acid, perchloric acid,
It is a graphite intercalation compound generated by treating with a strong oxidizing agent such as perchlorate, permanganate, dichromate, hydrogen peroxide, etc.It is a crystalline compound that maintains the layered structure of carbon .

The heat-expandable graphite obtained by the acid treatment is further neutralized with ammonia, an aliphatic lower amine, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, etc. Expandable graphite.

The aliphatic lower amine is not particularly restricted but includes, for example, monomethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine and the like.

The alkali metal compound and alkaline earth metal compound are not particularly restricted but include, for example, hydroxides, oxides, carbonates, sulfates, organic acid salts of potassium, sodium, calcium, barium, magnesium and the like. Is mentioned.

Commercially available neutralized heat-expandable graphite includes, for example, "CA-60S" manufactured by Nippon Kasei Co., Ltd.

The particle size of the neutralized heat-expandable graphite is 2
0-200 mesh is preferred. When the particle size is smaller than 200 mesh, the degree of expansion of graphite is small and a predetermined refractory heat insulating layer cannot be obtained. When the particle size is larger than 20 mesh, there is an advantage that the degree of expansion of graphite is large. Alternatively, when kneaded with a rubber substance, the dispersibility becomes poor, and a decrease in physical properties is inevitable.

The polyhydric alcohol is a hydrocarbon compound having two or more hydroxyl groups in the molecule, and has a carbon number of 1 to 1.
50 is preferred. Examples of the polyhydric alcohol include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, monopentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, neopentaerythritol, Sorbitol, inositol, mannitol, glucose, fructose, starch, cellulose and the like.

The polyhydric alcohols may be used alone or in combination of two or more. As the polyhydric alcohol, the ratio of the number of hydroxyl groups to the number of carbon atoms in the molecule [(number of hydroxyl groups)
/ (Number of carbon atoms)] is preferably 0.2 to 2.0, and more preferably [(number of hydroxyl groups) / (number of carbon atoms) such as pentaerythritol, sorbitol, mannitol and the like. ] Is 0.7 to 1.5. Above all, pentaerythritols are most preferred because of their high hydroxyl group content and high carbonization promoting effect.

Polyhydric alcohols having a ratio of the number of hydroxyl groups to the number of carbon atoms in the molecule [(the number of hydroxyl groups) / (the number of carbon atoms)] in the range of 0.2 to 2.0 are effectively dehydrated and condensed during combustion. To form a carbonized layer. If the above ratio [(number of hydroxyl groups) / (number of carbon atoms)] is less than 0.2, decomposition of carbon chains is more likely to occur during combustion than dehydration condensation, so that a sufficient carbonized layer cannot be formed, If it exceeds 2.0, the formation of a carbonized layer is not hindered, but the water resistance is significantly reduced. When the water resistance decreases, there are problems such as the polyhydric alcohol being eluted when the resin composition immediately after molding is cooled with water, and the polyhydric alcohol bleeding out due to the humidity during storage of the molded article.

The heat-expandable sheet preferably has an initial bulk density at 25 ° C. of 0.8 to 2.0 g / cm ³ , more preferably 1.0 to 1.8 g / cm ³ . . 0.8-2.0 g / c initial bulk density at 25 ° C
By setting it within the range of m ³ , physical properties such as heat insulation and fire resistance required for the heat-expandable sheet are not impaired.
Excellent workability can be obtained.

The initial bulk density at 25 ° C. is 0.8 g
If it is less than / cm ³ , it is not possible to add a sufficient amount of an expanding agent, a carbonizing agent, a non-combustible filler, etc. to the resin composition, and the expansion ratio after heating and the amount of residues will be insufficient, resulting in fire resistance. A heat insulating layer cannot be formed. On the other hand, if the initial bulk density at 25 ° C. exceeds 2.0 g / cm ³ , the weight of the resin composition becomes too large, and the handleability decreases.

The heat-expandable sheet is heated at 500 ° C. for one hour.
When the bulk density is 0.05 to 0.5 g / cm^Threeso
Some are preferred, more preferably 0.1 to 0.3
g / cm^ThreeIt is. When heated at 500 ° C for 1 hour
The density is 0.05 g / cm ^ThreeIf it is less than
The shape of the fire-resistant heat-insulating layer due to collapse during expansion
0.5 g / cm^ThreeExceeds
Insufficient expansion ratio and sufficient fire resistance
Can form a refractory insulation layer in each case
You will not be able to do it.

The heat-expandable sheet has a heat conductivity of 0.5 after being expanded in volume under heating conditions of 50 kW / m ² for 30 minutes.
It is preferably from 0.01 to 0.3 kcal / m · h · ° C. If the thermal conductivity after the volume expansion for 30 minutes under the heating condition of 50 kW / m ² exceeds 0.3 kcal / m · h · ° C., the heat insulation performance is insufficient, so that sufficient fire resistance is exhibited. Can not be performed, 0.01 kcal / m · h ·
Anything below ℃ cannot be made with a mixture of organic and inorganic substances.

The heat-expandable sheet is a differential scanning calorimeter (DS)
According to C), the total endothermic amount when the temperature is raised to 600 ° C. at a rate of 10 ° C./min is preferably 100 J / g or more. If it is at least 100 J / g, the temperature rise will be slow, and the heat insulation performance will be better.

The resin composition constituting the heat-expandable sheet includes:
As long as the physical properties of the resin composition are not impaired, a refractory agent, an antioxidant, a metal harm inhibitor, an antistatic agent, a stabilizer, a crosslinking agent, a lubricant, a softener, a pigment, a tackifying resin, and the like are added. Good.

The resin composition can be obtained by melt-kneading the above-described components using a known kneading apparatus such as a single-screw extruder, a twin-screw extruder, a Banbury mixer, a kneader mixer, or a two-roller. The obtained resin composition can be formed into a heat-expandable sheet by a conventionally known method such as press molding, extrusion molding, or calendar molding.

A base layer may be laminated on one surface of the heat-expandable sheet for the purpose of improving workability and combustion residue strength. Examples of the material used for the substrate layer include cloth, nonwoven fabric, plastic film, split cloth, lath cloth, aluminum foil, and aluminum glass cloth. Preferably, it is a plastic film such as a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, and a polyester film. The thickness of the base material layer is preferably 0.25 mm or less.

The heat-expandable sheet having the substrate layer laminated thereon can be used by laminating a heat insulating material such as a rock wool heat insulating plate on the surface on which the substrate layer is laminated.

When a sheet made of an adhesive material is used as the heat-expandable sheet, the workability when the sheet is mounted on the ventilation member is improved. The term "having adhesiveness" means having a property that enables temporary fixing to a metal plate, and means having a wide range of adhesiveness and / or adhesiveness.

The provision of tackiness to the heat-expandable sheet can be performed, for example, by adding a tackifier to a thermoplastic resin and / or a rubber substance. The tackifier is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, tackifier resins, plasticizers, oils and fats, and low-polymerized polymers.

The rock wool heat insulating plate is not particularly limited, and a material conventionally used as a rock wool heat insulating material can be processed into a sheet and used. For example, “MG Felt No. 1” (manufactured by Nichias Co., Ltd.) 80 kg / m ³ )
And the like.

The thickness of the rock wool heat insulating plate is 25 to 15
0 mm is preferred. If it is less than 25 mm, the fire resistance cannot be sufficiently obtained, and if it exceeds 150 mm, the fire resistance does not change, which is economically disadvantageous.

The density of the rock wool heat insulating plate is 20 to 25.
Preferably 0 kg / m ^3, more preferably 30~80kg / m ^3.

As the metal plate forming the ventilation member of the fire-resistant ventilation member, a steel plate having high fire resistance, a stainless steel plate or the like is preferable. Further, a plurality of one or more metal plates may be stacked.

The thickness of the metal plate of the ventilation member is 0.1-1.
0 mm is preferred. If it is less than 0.1 mm, it will be difficult to function as a flameproofing material, and if it exceeds 1.0 mm, it will be heavy and the handling will be poor.

The heat-expandable sheet of the fire-resistant ventilation member is the same as the above-mentioned heat-expandable sheet.

However, the heat-expandable sheet is 50 kW / m
It is preferable that the change in thickness after the volume expansion for 30 minutes under the heating condition ² is 1.1 to 30 times. If the ratio is less than 1.1 times, it is difficult to exhibit heat insulation during a fire, and it is difficult to block the ventilation path. If it exceeds 30 times, the swelling residue is fragile, and it tends to be difficult to maintain it for a long time even if the ventilation path is blocked.

[0069]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (Embodiment 1) FIGS. 1 to 3 show Embodiment 1 of a fireproof structure for a building according to the present invention.

The refractory structure according to the first embodiment has a steel column C made of H-shaped steel constituting a steel structure, and a 50 mm interval between the steel column C via a C-type channel material (not shown). And fixed outer wall material W (100 mm thick ALC plate)
And a fire-resistant covering material F1 (25 mm thick) covering the steel column C.
Calcium silicate plate; Onoda Chemical Co., Ltd.) and outer wall material W
And a fire-resistant ventilation member 1 disposed at the butting portion of the fire-resistant coating material F1 (see FIG. 1).

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the fire-resistant ventilation member 1 has a H-shaped cross section, and a heat-expandable sheet adhered to one surface of a web 21 of the ventilation member 2. And 3.

The ventilation member 2 includes unit members 2A and 2B obtained by bending a 0.3 mm-thick colored plated steel sheet into a U-shaped cross section.
And a connecting member 2C for connecting these unit members 2A and 2B.
21 and each unit member 2A, 2B
Is formed by winding the connecting member 2C over the flanges 22 and 22 and integrally connecting them. Of the unit members 2A and 2B constituting the ventilation member 2, a plurality of ventilation openings 22x are formed at both flanges 22 and 22 of one of the unit members 2A at a set interval in the longitudinal direction, and the one unit The heat-expandable sheet 3 is provided on the inner surface of the web 21 of the member 2A.
Is affixed.

The edge of the refractory coating material F1 is set so as to be inserted into a space 2b formed by the web 21 and the upper and lower flanges 22, 22 of the other unit member 2B of the ventilation member 2.

Further, a cutout may be formed instead of the ventilation opening 22x of the ventilation member 2. The heat-expandable sheet 3 has the composition shown in Table 1 below and the composition (parts by weight) shown in Table 1 and a thickness of 2 m.
m, one surface of which is attached to the inner surface of the web 21 of one of the unit members 2A of the ventilation member 2. The other surface of the thermally expandable sheet 3 has a thickness of 0.25.
mm polyethylene film (not shown) is stuck.

[0075]

[Table 1] Then, the fire-resistant covering material F1 is formed in a U-shape using a fire-resistant adhesive ("Kilbond" manufactured by Ask Corporation) and nails corresponding to the three surfaces except the one facing the fire-resistant outer wall material W of the steel column C. Then, the hollow portion 2b of the other unit member 2B of the ventilation member 2 constituting the fire-resistant ventilation member 1 is inserted into the end portion of the fire-resistant covering material F1 which is brought into contact with the fire-resistant outer wall material W, and A nail was driven into the refractory coating material F1 and fixed. Then, the refractory covering material F1 to which the refractory ventilation member 1 is attached is
And the edge of the flange 22 of one unit member 2A of the ventilation member 2 of the fire-resistant ventilation member 1 was brought into contact with the fire-resistant outer wall material W and attached to the steel column C. Here, the heat-expandable sheet 3 attached to the inner surface of the web 21 of one of the unit members 2A of the ventilation member 2 of the fire-resistant ventilation member 1 faces the fire-resistant outer wall material W, and the fire-resistant ventilation member 1 ventilation member 2
Air flows through a ventilation opening 22x formed in the flange 22 of one of the unit members 2A, and the inside and outside of the refractory covering material F1 covering the steel column C is ventilated.

The expansion ratio of the thickness in Table 1 is W
A 100 × L100 × tmm sheet-like thermally expandable sheet sample was subjected to a 50 k
After heating for 30 minutes using an ATLAS cone calorimeter set to W / m ² and burning to obtain a fire-resistant heat-insulated material after expansion, the thickness t'mm of the fire-resistant heat-insulated material obtained
Is measured and calculated by t ′ / t. (Embodiment 2) FIGS. 4 to 6 show Embodiment 2 of a fireproof structure for a building according to the present invention.

The refractory structure of the second embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment in that a steel column C made of H-shaped steel constituting a steel structure is used.
And an outer wall material W (thickness 1) fixed to the steel column C at a distance of 50 mm via a C-shaped channel material (not shown).
ALC plate having a thickness of 00 mm), a refractory coating material F1 (calcium silicate plate having a thickness of 25 mm; manufactured by Onoda Chemical Co., Ltd.) that covers the steel column C, and a butt portion between the outer wall material W and the refractory coating material F1. And a fire-resistant ventilation member 4 (see FIG. 4).

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the fire-resistant ventilation member 4 is adhered to a ventilation member 5 having a substantially C-shaped cross section and a substantially middle portion of the inner surface of a web 51 of the ventilation member 5. And a heat-expandable sheet 3.

The ventilation member 5 is formed by bending a 0.4 mm-thick colored plated steel sheet into a substantially C-shaped cross section.
It has flanges 52, 52 bent at right angles in the same direction from both ends of the web 51 and a lip 53 bent at right angles inward from the tip of the flange 52. A concave depression 51a is formed toward the bottom. The depression 51a of the web 51 is set so as to face the opening of the refractory coating material F1. And
A plurality of ventilation openings 51x are formed in the web 51 of the ventilation member 5 at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction with the depression 51a interposed therebetween, and the heat-expandable sheet 3 is attached to the inner surface of the depression 51a of the web 51. Is being worn.

The heat-expandable sheet 3 is formed by forming the composition shown in Table 1 above with a composition shown in Table 1 to a thickness of 2 mm, and one surface thereof is formed by a depression 51 a of the web 51 of the ventilation member 5.
Is affixed to the inside. Further, a polyethylene film (not shown) having a thickness of 0.25 mm is adhered to the other surface of the heat-expandable sheet 3.

Then, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the fire-resistant coating material F1 is formed in a U-shape using a fire-resistant adhesive (“Kilbond” manufactured by Ask Corporation) and nails, and butted against the fire-resistant outer wall material W. The outer surface of the depression 51a of the web 51 of the ventilation member 5 constituting the refractory ventilation member 4 was abutted against the opening of the refractory coating material F1 and a nail was driven into the refractory coating material F1 from the refractory ventilation member 4 and fixed. Then, the fire-resistant covering material F1 to which the fire-resistant ventilation member 4 is attached is put on the steel column C, and the outer surface of the lip 53 of the ventilation member 5 of the fire-resistant ventilation member 4 is brought into contact with the fire-resistant outer wall material W, so that the steel column C Attached to. Here, the heat-expandable sheet 3 adhered to the inner surface of the depression 51a of the web 51 of the ventilation member 5 of the fire-resistant ventilation member 4 faces the fire-resistant outer wall material W. Air flows through a ventilation hole 51x formed in the web 51 of the ventilation member 5, and the inside and outside of the fireproof covering material F1 covering the steel column C is ventilated. (Embodiment 3) FIG. 7 shows Embodiment 3 of the fireproof structure of a building according to the present invention.

The refractory structure of the third embodiment has a steel column C made of H-shaped steel constituting a steel structure, and a 50 mm gap between the steel column C via a C-type channel material (not shown). And fixed outer wall material W (100 mm thick ALC plate)
And a refractory covering material F2 covering the steel column C, and the above-described refractory ventilation member 1 disposed at a butt portion between the outer wall material W and the refractory covering material F2. This refractory coating material F2 is formed by attaching a heat-expandable sheet f22 to the inner surface side of a 0.3 mm-thick galvanized steel sheet f21 and laminating a heat insulating material f23 on the other surface of the heat-expandable sheet f22, The steel column C is formed in a substantially U-shape along three surfaces except one surface facing the outer wall material W. This heat-expandable sheet f22 was formed by forming the composition shown in Table 1 above with the composition shown in Table 1 to a thickness of 2 mm. Insulation material f2
No. 3 is rock wool having a density of 80 kg / m ³ and a thickness of 25 m.
m.

The hollow portion 2b of the other unit member 2B of the ventilation member 2 constituting the above-described fire-resistant ventilation member 1 of the first embodiment is provided at the edge of the fire-resistant covering material F2 which abuts against the fire-resistant outer wall material W. Was inserted and fixed. Then, the fireproof covering material F2 to which the fireproof ventilation member 1 is attached is put on the steel column C, and the edge of the flange 22 of one of the unit members 2A of the ventilation member 2 of the fireproof ventilation member 1 is attached to the fireproof outer wall material W. It was brought into contact and attached to a steel column C. Here, the fire-resistant ventilation member 1
The heat-expandable sheet 3 attached to the inner surface of the web 21 of one of the unit members 2A of the ventilation member 2 faces the fire-resistant outer wall material W, and one of the ventilation members 2 of the fire-resistant ventilation member 1 Air flows through a ventilation opening 22x formed in the flange 22 of the unit member 2A, and the refractory covering material F covering the steel column C is provided.
1 is ventilated inside and outside.

With respect to Examples 1 to 3,
A refractory heating test was performed according to JIS A 1304, and 1
After a lapse of time, the surface temperature of the steel column C was measured. As a result, Example 1 was 325 ° C., Example 2 was 330 ° C., and Example 3 was 3 ° C.
The temperature was 35 ° C., and all the evaluations were ○.

In the above-described embodiment, the fireproof structure of the steel column C has been described, but the steel beam G can be similarly applied.

[0086]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the steel column or the steel beam is covered with the fire-resistant outer wall material, the fire-resistant covering material and the fire-resistant ventilation member, the steel column or the steel beam is fired. The transmission of heat can be reliably prevented, and the construction can be carried out by a simple operation of simply covering a steel column or a steel beam with a fireproof covering material and a fireproof ventilation member. On the other hand, it is possible to ventilate one and the other of the steel column or steel beam through the ventilation path of the fire-resistant ventilation member, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of mold and corrosion due to dew condensation on the inner wall of the building, Durability can be increased.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing Embodiment 1 of a fireproof structure for a building according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a fire-resistant ventilation member constituting the fire-resistant structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing Embodiment 2 of the fireproof structure of a building according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG. 4;

6 is a perspective view of a fire-resistant ventilation member constituting the fire-resistant structure of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing Embodiment 3 of the fire-resistant structure of a building according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a fireproof covering structure of a steel column or a steel beam.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a composite fire-resistant coating structure of a steel beam.

FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an example of a composite fire-resistant coating structure of a steel column.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,4 Fire-resistant ventilation member 2 Ventilation member 21 Web 22 Flange 22x Ventilation opening (air passage) 3 Thermal expansion sheet 5 Ventilation member 51 Web 51x Ventilation opening (air passage) C Steel column W Fire-resistant outer wall material F1 Fire-resistant covering material (Calcium silicate plate) F2 Refractory coating material f21 Metal plate (galvanized steel plate) f22 Thermal expansion sheet f23 Heat insulation material

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2E001 DB02 DB05 DE01 DE04 DH12 EA06 FA01 FA02 GA13 GA18 GA22 GA23 GA24 GA26 GA28 GA64 HA32 HA33 HB01 HB02 HB04 HD11 HE01 HF12 NA07 NB01 NC01 ND00

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A steel column and a steel beam constituting a steel structure, a fire-resistant outer wall material attached at a predetermined interval from the steel column or the steel beam, and a fire-resistant coating material covering the steel column or the steel beam. A fire-resistant ventilation member disposed at a butt portion between the fire-resistant outer wall material and the fire-resistant covering material, wherein the fire-resistant ventilation member is a metal plate ventilation member having a ventilation path formed therein, and the ventilation member Of the fire-resistant outer wall material, the heat-expandable sheet laminated on one side facing the fire-resistant outer wall material, the front side and the back side of the fire-resistant covering material communicate with each other through the ventilation path of the fire-resistant ventilation member, and the heat-expandable sheet is heated. A fire-resistant structure for a building characterized by forming a fire-resistant heat-insulating layer to block a ventilation path. 2. The building according to claim 1, wherein at least one surface of the steel column is covered with a refractory covering material composed of a metal plate and a heat-expandable sheet laminated on the metal plate. Fire resistant structure. 3. The refractory ventilation member has a web and a pair of upper and lower flanges, is formed in an H-shaped or E-shaped cross section, and a plurality of ventilation holes or notches are formed in the flange facing one surface of the web. A ventilation member made of a metal plate having an air passage formed of: a thermoplastic resin and / or a rubber substance, a phosphorus compound, and an inorganic filler adhered to one surface of a web on a side of the air passage where the air passage is formed; And a pair of upper and lower flanges comprising the other side of the web on the side of the ventilation member to which the thermally expandable sheet is not attached, and the other side of the web facing the other side of the web. 2. The fire-resistant structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein an edge portion of the fire-resistant covering material is inserted into the space formed by: 4. The fire-resistant ventilation member has a web, a pair of upper and lower flanges, and a lip, and is formed in a substantially C-shaped cross section, and a plurality of the fire-resistant ventilation members are provided on both sides of the web sandwiching a portion facing the opening of the fire-resistant covering material. A ventilation member made of a metal plate having a ventilation passage formed of a ventilation port formed on the metal plate, and a thermoplastic resin and / or a rubber substance, a phosphorus compound, and an inorganic material adhered to an inner surface of a web of the ventilation member so as not to interfere with the ventilation path. The architectural structure according to claim 1, wherein the heat-expandable sheet is made of a resin composition containing a filler, and the wick of the refractory coating material is fixed to the outer surface of the web of the ventilation member. The fireproof structure of things. 5. The heat-expandable sheet is 50 kW / m ^2.
Changes in thickness when heated for 30 minutes at a heat value of 1.1 to 3
The fire-resistant structure for a building according to claim 2, wherein the number is 0 times. 6. The fire-resistant structure of a building according to claim 2, wherein the heat-expandable sheet contains a heat-expandable inorganic substance.