JP2001098567A - Retaining wall block and retaining wall construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a retaining wall block being excellent in stacking strength, requiring no fixation of a block by backfilling of concrete, capable of largely shortening a construction time and capable of reducing the constitution cost because construction work can be easily performed in a short time, capable of reducing a transport cost because the construction work can be easily performed, generating no block residual so far generated at retaining wall disassembling time, requiring no waste disposal and capable of largely contributing to reducing construction waste because of being reusable many times as a retaining wall block. SOLUTION: A retaining wall block is formed by arranging mutually fittable projecting parts and/or recessed parts on upper/under surfaces and side surface, and is mainly composed of at least one or more kinds of components: 90 to 10 wt.% selected from 10 to 90 wt.% of a resin component, an inorganic substance of earth, sand and stones and a metallic component.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising upper and lower surfaces and both side surfaces provided with a protruding portion and / or a concave portion which can be fitted to each other. The present invention relates to a retaining wall block mainly composed of 90 to 10% by weight of at least one or more components selected from stone, minerals and metal components. Also, the present invention
The present invention relates to a retaining wall block having a shape structure in which an upper portion has a convex shape and a lower portion has a concave shape that fits into the upper convex shape. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a retaining wall construction method in which the above-mentioned retaining wall block is used, and the convex portion and the concave portion of the block are fitted and sequentially stacked.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a method of constructing a retaining wall, a wooden formwork is assembled at a site, a reinforcing bar is placed in the formwork, concrete is poured, and after the concrete is hardened, the formwork is dismantled and removed. So-called cast-in-place method or Jls
2. Description of the Related Art A block stacking method of stacking concrete stacking blocks manufactured in a factory or the like specified in A5323 on site and backing up soil, concrete, or the like is generally adopted. In the cast-in-place method, the use of a wooden form is indispensable, and a lot of construction time is required for assembling the form on site and curing the concrete. Also, when assembling a formwork on site, empirical skills by skilled workers are required, but recently, the number of hot technicians has decreased and labor and labor have been expended in assembling the formwork. In addition, on the retaining wall of the block stacking method, two or three concrete
When the concrete is backed up every time the step is stacked and the concrete is hardened, the next two or three steps are stacked, or when fixing the retaining wall block, place the rebar in the specified rebar insertion hole etc. There are methods such as concrete casting, mortar pouring, and fixing, but this method also requires skillful empirical skills. As described above, in both the cast-in-place method and the block-laying method, curing of concrete is required, and it takes a long time to construct the concrete. Due to these various circumstances, the construction cost of the overall construction is increasing more and more, and concerned parties are worried about the cost.

[0003] In addition, when the retaining wall of the cast-in-place method is dismantled and removed, it is crushed and dismantled by heavy equipment or the like.
Since it cannot be reused as a retaining wall, it becomes industrial waste, and it is difficult to dispose of that huge amount of waste. In addition, on the retaining wall of the block stacking method, at the time of construction, the formwork is usually used only for foundation work, so the waste of the form used for the formwork does not occur as much as in the case of the cast-in-place method, When the walls are demolished and removed, the concrete used as the block material becomes a large amount of industrial waste. From the viewpoint of reusing these construction wastes, there has recently been reported a technology to use them as filling materials for backfilling of retaining wall blocks, including soil and sand generated by the construction of retaining walls. However, the amount of waste that is reused as filling material is much smaller than the amount of concrete waste generated.

[0004]

In the method of retaining wall according to the prior art, the use of a formwork is indispensable in the cast-in-place method, so that a lot of construction time is required for formwork assembly and curing of concrete. The construction cost associated with this will be very large. Also, in the block stacking method, since concrete is cast for backfilling and fixing of the block, curing of the concrete is required, and it takes a long time to construct. In addition, when a retaining wall constructed by the conventional technique is dismantled, it is dismantled and crushed by heavy equipment and becomes industrial waste. The retaining wall block of the present invention has the advantages that the structure is simple, easy to mold, and that the physical strength of the block can be remarkably improved by effectively utilizing various plastic wastes as a component material. . Therefore, the retaining wall block and the retaining wall construction method of the present invention use the retaining wall block to reduce the construction time and the construction cost in the retaining wall construction, and reduce the industrial waste associated with the retaining wall construction. It is possible to greatly reduce the amount of generation of odor. Further, the retaining wall construction method of the present invention is a process of assembling a formwork, placing concrete, curing concrete, dismantling and removing the formwork, and fixing a retaining wall block, which are steps of the conventional retaining wall construction method. Installation, concrete curing, mortar injection, etc.
The construction time can be greatly reduced and the construction cost can be reduced.

[0005]

According to the present invention, a retaining wall block according to the present invention is prepared by appropriately mixing a mixture of at least one or more components selected from the group consisting of soil, sand, stone, inorganic substance and metal as a forming raw material with a resin component. It is a molded article formed by the means described above. As one of the raw material components, soil, black soil, red soil, earth and sand, etc. are used. For sand, earth and sea sand is used. The stone is concrete, crushed stone, asphalt mixture, or the like. The inorganic substance is glass, ceramic, or the like. Further, the metal is iron, aluminum, or the like. These glass and metal are used in the form of crushed and pulverized into particles and / or powder.
As these raw material components, concrete scraps, residual concrete, shredder dust, steelmaking dust, earth and sand and crushed stones secondary to the retaining wall construction may be used. The resin of the other raw material component is a component having the effect of improving the heat moldability of the retaining wall block and imparting physical strength to the block as a binder, and is mainly a polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, acrylic polymer, or the like. Use a thermoplastic resin. In some cases,
It is also possible to mix and use various plastic waste leaves. As the resin material, a thermosetting resin other than the thermoplastic resin can be used as one of the components constituting the block. The retaining wall block of the present invention is formed from a material obtained by appropriately combining the thermoplastic resin or the thermosetting resin. In any case, there is no problem even if recycled materials from wastes such as waste asphalt mixture and waste plastic are used.

In the present invention, the retaining wall block mainly composed of 10 to 90% by weight of a resin component and 90 to 10% by weight selectively used from soil, sand, stone, inorganic substances and metal components is used. By heating the components in a kneading machine, a screw extruder or other molding machine, the thermoplastic resin is melted and mixed with the remaining components, and then easily manufactured by press-molding the molten mixture. Can be. In addition, in the case of the retaining wall block using concrete, since the hardness is high and brittle, chipping and cracking often occur in the block itself. However, the retaining wall block of the present invention has a resin component of 10 to 90% by weight, soil, sand, Stone, at least one or more components selected from minerals and metal components 90 to 10% by weight is constituted as a main component,
In each case, since the resin component was contained, the block was hard to crack, and physical properties tests revealed that the physical properties were superior to those of concrete blocks containing no resin component in other physical properties. Was.

[0007] The retaining wall construction method using the retaining wall block of the present invention is not based on the conventional mortar injection or concrete casting, but uses the convex or concave shape provided in the retaining wall block of the present invention. Basically, the convex portions and the concave portions are fitted and sequentially stacked by utilizing. When it is necessary to fix the adjacent blocks firmly in the horizontal direction, a convex shape and a concave shape that can be fitted to each other are provided on the side surface of the retaining wall block, and the blocks are sequentially fitted and arranged. Thus, the horizontal direction can be fixed. In any case, in a case where the retaining wall block is more firmly fixed, it is also a preferable embodiment to fix the retaining wall block by sandwiching a special caulking material formed of a plastic sheet. Further, in order to firmly fix the retaining wall block, the convex and concave portions of the retaining wall block are laterally moved by a taper and / or a hook, an anchor or a harpoon. It is appropriate to have a difficult key structure. The above taper, hook, anchor or harpoon type means those having a cross-sectional shape such as T-shape, L-shape, spear shape, egg shape, but the shape is not limited to these. is not. In addition, in the retaining wall block and retaining wall construction method of the present invention, when dismantling the retaining wall, there is no need to carry out demolition and crushing with a conventional heavy machine, and it is possible to disassemble in the reverse order of the steps during construction. Because there is, the retaining wall block after dismantling can be reused as a retaining wall block many times without becoming waste.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A retaining wall block according to the present invention is a retaining wall block having a structure in which upper and lower surfaces or side surfaces have a convex or concave shape that can be fitted to each other. Means a method of constructing a retaining wall in which the convex portions or concave portions that can be fitted to the retaining wall block are regularly fitted and sequentially stacked, and the present invention is specifically described below with reference to the drawings. Will be described.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a retaining wall block having a convex portion on the upper side and a concave portion on the lower side of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a retaining wall having a concave portion only on the lower portion for use at the top. FIG. 3 is a side view of the retaining wall block of the present invention of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. FIG.
Is an assembled sectional view of the retaining wall block of FIG. 1, and FIG.
7 to 11 are cross-sectional views of another example of the retaining wall block of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a view showing a gap between a convex shape and a concave shape. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view with a coking interposed therebetween, and FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing another example of assembling the retaining wall block of the present invention.

In the figures, 1 is a convex portion of a retaining wall block, 2 is a concave portion of a retaining wall block, 3 is a horizontal portion of a block used as the uppermost surface of the retaining wall block, and 4 is a stacking block. 5 is a stacking contact surface between the convex and concave portions of the standard retaining wall block of the present invention, and 6 is a stacking contact between the convex and concave portions of the tapered retaining wall block. Surface, 7 is a stacking contact surface of a convex portion and a concave portion of a retaining wall block provided with a T-shaped key, and 8 is a convex portion and a concave shape of a retaining wall block provided with an L-shaped key. The stacking contact surface of the portion, 9 is the projecting portion of the retaining wall block provided with a spear-shaped key and the stacking contact surface of the concave portion, 10 is the projecting portion of the retaining wall block provided with an egg-shaped key. The stacking contact surface of the concave portion, 11 is a sheet-like caulking material, and 12 is a fitting provided on the side surface of the retaining wall block. Showing convex portions and concave portions that respectively.

Production of a retaining wall block ; heating in an extruder at a component ratio of 30% by weight of a waste plastic composed mainly of polyethylene and 70% by weight of a waste asphalt mixture, placing the molten mixture in a mold, and cooling. A retaining wall block having a shape as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 was formed. In addition, as waste plastic, mixed waste of polyethylene and polypropylene, waste asphalt replaced concrete waste 60% by weight
Using a mixture of 10% by weight and shredder dust, a retaining wall block also shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 was molded.

The shape of the retaining wall block; as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the retaining wall block is sequentially stacked by fitting one or more convex portions and concave portions present above and below.
In order to assemble more firmly and stably, the retaining wall block should have a convex and concave shape that is difficult to move laterally, such as a taper, hook, anchor or harpoon. Appropriate. The taper, hook, anchor or harpoon type means a shape having a T shape, an L shape, a spear shape, an egg shape, or the like as shown in FIGS. 7 to 11. It is not limited to these.
When the convex and concave portions of the respective shapes are fitted and fitted while sliding in the horizontal direction of the retaining wall, the retaining wall is fixed by the keys and does not come off in the vertical direction. When the block is more strongly fixed at the time of construction, as shown in FIG. 12, a caulking material formed of a plastic sheet is inserted between the convex and concave portions of the retaining wall block. Can be further stabilized. When the adjacent retaining wall blocks are also fixed in the horizontal direction, as shown in FIG. 13, convex and concave shapes are provided on the side surfaces of the retaining wall block so as to fit each other, and the retaining wall blocks are sequentially fitted. By arranging them in this manner, they can be fixed stably both vertically and horizontally.

[0013]

According to the present invention, the construction time is long and the construction cost is high in the conventional cast-in-place method, but the retaining wall block of the present invention is excellent in strength by stacking, and is used for backing concrete. Therefore, since it is not necessary to fix the block and the construction can be easily performed in a short time, it is possible to significantly reduce the construction time and the construction cost. Various waste plastics and other wastes can be effectively used as the molding material of the retaining wall block of the present invention. In addition, since the retaining wall block of the present invention can be stacked even when transported to the site, the transport efficiency is good, it can be easily implemented, and the transport cost is not increased. In addition, according to the retaining wall construction method of the present invention, there is no block residue generated when the retaining wall is dismantled as in the related art, there is no need to dispose, and it can be reused as a retaining wall block many times. It can also greatly contribute to reducing waste vehicles.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a standard retaining wall block embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a top retaining wall block according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the retaining wall block shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A 'of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an assembled sectional view of the retaining wall block of FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 6 is an assembled perspective view of the retaining wall block shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of another example of the retaining wall block of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of another example of the retaining wall block of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of another example of the retaining wall block of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of another example of the retaining wall block of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of another example of the retaining wall block of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view in which a sheet-like coking material is interposed on the contact surface of the retaining wall block shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of another example of assembling the retaining wall block of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 The convex part of this block 2 The concave part of this block 3 The horizontal part of the block used for the uppermost surface of the retaining wall block 4 The horizontal part of this block for stacking 5 The convex part and concave part of the retaining wall block Stacking contact surface 6 Stacking contact surface of the convex and concave portions of the block provided with a taper 7 Stacking contact surface of the convex and concave portions of the block provided with a T-shaped key 8 L-shape Stacking contact surface of the convex and concave portions of the block provided with a key of shape 9 Stacking contact surface of the convex portion and the concave portion of the block provided with a key of the spear shape 10 Key of an egg shape Stacking contact surface of the convex and concave portions of the provided block 11 Sheet-shaped caulking material 12 Convex and concave portions fitted to each other provided on the side surface of the retaining wall block

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An upper and lower surface and a side surface provided with a convex portion and / or a concave portion which can be fitted to each other, and 10 to 90% by weight of a resin component, soil, sand, stone, inorganic material and metal. At least one or more components 90 to 90
A retaining wall block comprising 10% by weight as a main component. 2. The retaining wall block according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion and / or the concave portion have a tapered shape and / or a hook shape. 3. A retaining wall block, wherein the upper portion has a convex shape and the lower portion has a concave shape that fits into the upper convex shape. 4. The retaining wall block according to claim 1, wherein the resin component and the soil, sand, stone, inorganic substance, or metal component are made of waste or recycled material. 5. Using the retaining wall block according to any one of claims 1 to 4, fitting a convex shape portion and a concave shape portion, which can be fitted to each other, on upper and lower surfaces and / or side surfaces. Retaining wall construction method characterized by stacking sequentially.