JP2001096186A - Simple floating/sinking separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple floating/sinking separator suitable for treating waste materials from civil engineering and building fields and for removing wood chips from gravel and crushed stone which are mainly used as aggregate. SOLUTION: A floating/settling separator 10 is composed at least from a water tank 12 expanding upward from an upward inclined semi-cylindrical bottom part 18, a screw 16 which, with its discharge side end 17 exposed on a water surface, is fitted along the bottom part 18 and functions as a screw conveyer, a means for rotating the screw 16, a means for removing precipitates 36 to be discharged by the screw 16, a means for separating/removing water overflowing from the tank 12 and suspended substances 38, and a circulating means for returning the removed water to the tank 12. The upper part of the tank 12 is opened so that the surface water flow of the tank 12 flows from the discharge side of the screw 16 toward an overflow port 26 formed in the fringe on the charge side of the tank 12 to prevent the water flow from being hindered.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a simple floating sedimentation separator suitable for treating waste materials from civil engineering and construction, and removing wood chips and the like from gravel and crushed stone mainly used as aggregate.

[0002]

In recent years, as the importance of preserving the natural environment and protecting natural resources has been recognized, there has been an increasing trend to reduce waste by recycling as much as possible. Generally, when dismantling buildings and civil engineering structures, after relatively large materials have been recovered,
A mixture of concrete pieces, steel chips and wood chips remains. In order to recycle this mixture or dispose of it without polluting the environment, it is important to first classify the mixture into similar ones. Wood chips have a lower specific gravity than water, and concrete chips and reinforced scraps have a higher specific gravity than water. Flotation separation is performed. Therefore, by separating and collecting them, for example, concrete pieces can be recycled as aggregate, rebar scraps can be recycled into iron raw materials, and wood pieces can be returned to pulp or formed into resin plates for effective recycling.

[0003] There is also a similar problem in collecting gravel used for concrete aggregate. Gravel used for aggregate is collected from rivers or by cutting down mountains, but it is necessary to remove mixed driftwood and tree branches. Therefore, a floating sedimentation method that can easily separate low-density substances such as wood chips by throwing the collected gravel into water is very useful. Alternatively, the flotation separation method is also useful for removing impurities from wood chips in a paper mill.

Heretofore, the flotation separation method has been employed in many industries in various forms, and there are many new proposals. For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 8-155330 proposes a device for promoting floatation and segregation in the process of being thrown and settled. In other words, in order to remove the light substances in the gravel and obtain aggregate, the gravel is put in a curtain shape and thrown in, and during the sedimentation, a jet stream is applied from the side to promote the separation of the light substances, and the light substances are turned into ascending flows. It is intended to be loaded and collected.

A more detailed description will be given with reference to FIG. The gravel 58 is sent to the feeder 62 by the carry-in conveyor 60 and is put into the classification tank 52 as a curtain having a certain layer thickness and width. Then, a jet water stream is sent from the water flow generator 72 in a horizontal direction so as to penetrate the curtain-shaped and settled gravel 58 in a direction perpendicular to the gravel 58, and the light substance 68 mixed in the gravel 58 is removed from the gravel 58. Drive out. And the rectifying plate 56 for changing the direction of the flow to the upward flow
The light substance 68 is guided between them and floats on the surface of the classification tank 52, and is moved from the overflow water gutter 76 to the foreign matter removing sieve 78 together with the overflow. The light substance 68 is separated from the overflow by the foreign matter removing sieve 78 and collected, and the overflow is returned to the water flow generator 72 by the circulation pump 70. On the other hand, the gravel particles from which the light substances 68 have been expelled are carried out of the classification tank 52 by the carry-out conveyor 64 and collected as aggregates 66.
In order to prevent the input gravel 58 from entering the overflow gutter 76,
A partition 74 separates the place where the gravel 58 is charged and the overflow gutter 76.

According to this proposal, the effect that the separation of the light substance 68 is promoted by the jet water stream is certainly expected. However, there are some problems as follows. The primary problem is that the material to be separated, such as gravel, must be put in and settled in a curtain shape. Generally, objects to be separated such as gravel and demolition of construction and civil engineering are handled by buckets and excavators.
In order to continuously supply this in the form of a curtain, a stock tank or a carry-in conveyor for temporarily storing the same is required, and the equipment becomes large. As the size of the equipment increases, the equipment cost naturally increases, and above all, there is a problem in that the movement of the equipment becomes difficult.

The price of gravel per weight is very low. In addition, construction and civil engineering waste material disposal costs are set to be extremely low in terms of weight. Therefore, in these handling, reducing distribution costs is of utmost importance, and transportation costs must be minimized. That is, it is desirable that the removal of impurities from the collected gravel be performed at the collection site, and in the case of construction and civil engineering waste material treatment, it is desirable to separate and collect it at the site where the waste material is generated.
Therefore, it is preferable that the separation device is a small separation device that can be easily moved, and a large separation device is useful when installed in a factory.

The next problem of the present proposal is that the object to be separated is limited. That is, a relatively large light substance 6
In the material to be separated, such as construction and civil engineering waste, containing 8, the light substance 68 immediately rises when it is put into the classification tank 52, but no water flows toward the overflow water gutter 76, The light substance 68 is suspended on the water surface without moving to the overflow water gutter 76 because it is obstructed by the partition plate 74. Alternatively, even if it starts to float after receiving the jet flow, it may not be able to pass between the flow straightening plates 56 and may remain stuck. The present proposal is effective only for the treatment of the separation target material in which the fine light material 68 is mixed, and is unsuitable for the treatment of construction and civil engineering waste including the relatively large light material 68.

The inventor of the present invention has conducted intensive studies on a simple and versatile floating sedimentation separator which can easily move to the place where the material to be separated is generated and which can also process relatively large pieces of wood, etc. and has high versatility. It was reached.

[0010]

The gist of the simple floating / sinking separator according to the present invention is to provide a water tank having a shape that extends upward from a semi-cylindrical bottom with an upward slope and a semi-cylindrical bottom. A screw that is provided along and functions as a screw conveyor and has a discharge end exposed on the water surface, a means for driving the screw, a means for removing sediment discharged by the screw, and a water overflowing from the water tank and floating. Means for separating and taking out the object, and a circulating means for returning the separated and taken out water to the water tank, and the surface water flow of the water tank is provided at the edge of the screw tank on the input side of the screw from the unloading side of the screw. The upper part of the aquarium is open so that the surface water flow is not obstructed.

Furthermore, in such a simple floating sedimentation separator, the screw is provided with a projection extending radially from the axis of the screw.

Furthermore, in such a simple floating sedimentation separator, the width of the upper end of the water tank is at least twice the diameter of the screw.

[0013] Furthermore, in such a simple floating sedimentation separator, an inlet for an object to be separated is provided above the input side of the screw at a distance from the water surface, and the width of the input port is half the width of the upper end of the water tank. It was decided that it was less than one.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of a simple float-sink separator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention. The flotation / sedimentation separator 10 has a water tank 12 having a shape extending upward from a semi-cylindrical bottom 18 having an upward slope.
A screw 16 provided along a semi-cylindrical bottom portion 18 to expose the carry-out side end 17 above the water surface; a motor 20 for driving the screw 16 and a power transmission system 21
A sediment carrying-out apron 22 for taking out sediment 36 carried out by the screw 16; a take-out roll 28 and a floating matter for taking out and separating water and floating matter 38 overflowing from the water tank 12 from the overflow port 26; It comprises a carry-out apron 24, a tank 32 for storing water separated and taken out, a circulation pump 30 and a piping system 31 for returning the water from the tank 32 to the water tank 12, and a supporting water tank 14 for housing the water tank 12. Have been. The water returned to the water tank 12 is returned to the unloading side of the screw 16 by the circulation pump 30, so that the water flowing on the surface of the water tank 12 is:
It points in the direction of arrow A from the carry-out side of the screw 16 to the overflow port 26 provided at the edge of the water tank on the input side of the screw 16.

According to the present floating sedimentation separator 10, the bucket 40
Gravel, construction,
The material 34 to be separated, such as civil engineering waste, settles on the screw 16 in a mixed state without sufficient floating and separating. The screw 16 is provided along a semi-cylindrical bottom portion 18 of the water tank 12 and is rotated by a motor 20, so that it functions as a screw conveyor. Therefore, the mixture that has been thrown in and settled is carried by the screw 16 to the carry-out side end 17 of the water tank 12, and during this movement, the mixture is subjected to the stirring action by the rotation of the screw 16, and a floating substance 38 such as a piece of wood lighter than water, Separation from gravel, concrete pieces, iron shavings, etc. that is heavier than water proceeds.

The separated floating material 38 floats up to the water tank 12
Floats on the surface of the water, flows into the surface water flow flowing in the direction of arrow A, reaches the overflow port 26, and is taken out on the suspended matter discharge apron 24 by the rotating take-out roll 28. The suspended matter discharge apron 24 is formed of a roller conveyor, and the water that has overflowed from the overflow port 26 together with the suspended matter 38 drips downward from between the rollers of the roller conveyor to form a tank 32.
Can be received. In addition, the floating material 38 separated from the water while the floating material carrying apron 24 is being carried is dropped on the floor and collected. The water once received in the tank 32 is returned to the water tank 12 via the circulation pump 30 and the piping system 31. Since the upper part of the water tank 12 is open without any partition plate or the like so as not to obstruct the surface water flow from the discharge side of the screw 16 toward the overflow port 26, the floating material 38
Is smoothly carried to the overflow port 26. The overflow port 26 and the reflux port 47 are preferably as wide as possible so that the surface water flow is formed over the entire width of the water tank 12.

On the other hand, sediments 36 such as gravel, concrete pieces, iron chips and the like separated while being carried by the screw 16 are carried to the surface of the water by the screw 16 as they are, and the accompanying water returns to the water tank 12. , Only the sediment 36 is left on the screw 16. And it is released on the sediment discharge apron 22 and slides down on the floor,
They are piled up and collected.

According to the floating / sedimentation separator 10 of the present invention, the floating / sedimentation is carried out in the conveying process by the screw 16 by utilizing the stirring action of the screw 16, so that the material 34 to be separated is directly transferred from the bucket or shovel to the water tank 12. Can be put in As a result, a stock tank or a carry-in conveyor for the material to be separated 34 required for charging in the form of a curtain is not required, and a small facility can be provided. Be able to move easily. Also, the overflow port 2
Since the surface water flow toward 6 is maintained and the upper part of the water tank 12 is opened so that this flow is not obstructed, the suspended matter 38 which is stirred and separated and floats by the screw 16 is smoothly carried to the overflow port 26. Become like Further, since the upper portion of the water tank 12 is open, even a large floating substance 38 can be moved to the overflow port 26 without being obstructed.

The screw 16 used in the present invention is not limited to the shape illustrated in FIG. 1, but may be used in various shapes.
For example, in the screw 16 shown in FIG. 3, in order to enhance the stirring effect, a blade 42 provided with a deep cut portion 44 is provided.
It has been. Alternatively, projections and irregularities may be provided on the side surface of the blade 42 to enhance the stirring effect.

FIG. 4 shows a screw 16 of a particularly useful shape in the practice of the present invention. That is, a projection 46 extending in the radial direction from the shaft 45 is provided, and the projection 46 stirs the material to be separated carried by the screw 16 and promotes the floating and segregation of an object lighter than water and an object heavier than water. What you want to do. FIG. 6A shows an example in which protrusions 46 are provided up and down uniformly in the longitudinal direction of the screw 16, and FIG. The example in which the protrusions 46 are provided in a concentrated manner is shown. The projection 46 is the blade 42
Preferably, the height is substantially the same as

In the floatation / sedimentation separator 10 of the present invention, the suspended matter 38 is conveyed to the overflow port 26 across the place 47 in the water tank 12 where the material 34 to be separated is introduced. Therefore, it is preferable that the width of the water tank 12 be widened so that the floating thing 38 can be bypassed so that the movement of the floating matter 38 is not hindered by the introduction of the object 34 to be separated. The inventor repeated many experiments, and as a result, the width W of the upper end of the water tank 12 shown in FIG.
It has been found that if 1 is at least twice the diameter W2 of the screw 16, sufficient practicality can be obtained.

Further, for the same purpose, it is preferable to provide an inlet for regulating the width of the object 34 to be separated, and the width W3 of the inlet 48 shown in FIG. It has been found that if the width is not more than half of the width W1 of the upper end, it is practically sufficient.

In FIG. 1, the water tank 12 is accommodated in a supporting water tank 14. The supporting water tank 14 is for supporting the unstable water tank 12 having a high center of gravity to ensure safe operation. However, as shown in FIG. It can also be configured. Alternatively, pores are provided in the semi-cylindrical bottom of the water tank 12 so that sand or the like is dropped into the support water tank 14 and collected, and the support water tank 1
4 may be used effectively.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the flotation separator 10 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the present invention is not limited to this example but may be implemented in various modes. For example, the screw 16 may be temporarily made reversely rotatable in order to enhance the stirring effect, or the bearing of the screw 16 may be made of a metal structure instead of a bearing to prevent trouble of bearing damage due to biting of earth and sand. . Further, the water refluxed to the water tank 12 via the circulation pump 30 is supplied to the water tank 12.
Whether injected from the top or from the bottom 18,
It may be implanted at a mid depth.

Alternatively, the sediment discharge apron 22 may be replaced with a belt conveyor, a roller conveyor, or the like, or the floating material discharge apron 24 may be replaced with a belt conveyor, a punching metal, or the like. Further, the sediment 36 can be directly introduced into the crushing machine from the sediment discharge apron 22 or the floating material 38 can be transferred from the floating discharge apron 24 to a moving means such as a belt conveyor to be connected to a predetermined next process.

[0027] The present invention does not depart from the gist thereof,
Various improvements, corrections, and modifications to the means for charging the material to be separated, the shape of the water tank or conveyor, the reflux means, the means for forming the surface flow inside the water tank, and the means for discharging the separated sediment or suspended matter. It can be implemented in.

[0028]

According to the simple flotation / separation apparatus of the present invention, the floating / sedimentation is carried out in the conveying process by the screw by utilizing the stirring action of the screw. Can be put in As a result, there is no need for a storage tank or carry-in conveyor for the material to be separated, which is necessary for loading in the form of a curtain. Be able to move.

Further, the surface water flow from the screw discharge side to the overflow port is maintained, and the upper part of the water tank is opened so that this flow is not obstructed. Will be transported to the overflow.

Further, since the upper portion of the water tank is open, even a large suspended matter can be moved to the overflow port without being disturbed, so that it is possible to cope with various kinds of materials to be separated and the versatility is improved.

In particular, if the screw is provided with a projection extending radially from the axis of the screw, the agitating action of the screw is enhanced, and the function of floating / separation separation accompanying the rotation of the screw is improved. Separation and collection from heavy objects such as steel and iron scraps is facilitated.

In particular, the width of the upper end of the water tank is at least twice as large as the diameter of the screw, or the width of the inlet of the object to be separated provided away from the water surface is half the width of the upper end of the water tank. If it is less than one, the suspended matter can be bypassed and moved to the overflow port without being disturbed by the material to be separated, so that the suspended matter can be reliably collected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a simple floating sedimentation separator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the simple flotation separator shown in FIG. 1 according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing an example of the shape of a screw according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing another example of the shape of the screw according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 4 (a) shows an example in which projections are provided uniformly in the length direction, and FIG. This is an example in which projections are provided intensively in the portion.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing another example of a simple floating sedimentation separator according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing an example of a floating / sedimentation separator according to a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10, 50: Floating / sinking separator 12: Water tank 14: Supporting water tank 16: Screw 18: Water tank bottom 20: Motor 22: Sediment discharge apron 24: Floating matter apron 26: Overflow port 28: Take-out roll 30, 70: Circulation pump 32: Tank 34: Separation target material 36: Settled matter 38: Floating matter 40: Bucket 42: Blade 44: Cut portion 45: Shaft 46: Projection 47: Reflux port 48: Input port 52: Classification tank 54: Settling path 56 : Conveyor plate 58: Gravel 60: Conveyor for gravel carry-in 62: Feeder 64: Conveyor for gravel carry-out 66: Aggregate 68: Light substance 72: Water flow generator 74: Partition plate 76: Overflow water gutter 78: Foreign matter removal sieve 80: Circulating water tank

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A water tank having a shape extending upward from a semi-cylindrical bottom having an upward inclination, provided along the semi-cylindrical bottom, functioning as a screw conveyor, and having a discharge end on the water surface. A screw to be exposed; a means for driving the screw; a means for removing sediment carried out by the screw; a means for separating and removing water and suspended matter overflowing from the water tank; Circulating means for returning the water to the water tank, and the surface water flow of the water tank is directed from the unloading side of the screw to an overflow provided at the input-side water tank edge of the screw. A simple floating sedimentation separator characterized in that the upper part of the water tank is opened so that the surface water flow is not obstructed. 2. The simple floating-sedimentation separator according to claim 1, wherein the screw is provided with a projection extending radially from an axis of the screw. 3. The width of the upper end of the water tank is at least twice the diameter of the screw.
Or a simple floatation / sedimentation separator according to claim 2. 4. An inlet for an object to be separated is provided above the input side of the screw at a distance from the water surface, and the width of the input port is set to not more than half the width of the upper end of the water tank. 4. A simple float-sedimentation separator according to claim 1, wherein: