JP2001089284A - Sulfur coated organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an organic fertilizer having a sulfur coating with which the growth of mold and emission of malodors are prevented and which has an insect repellent effect. SOLUTION: The sulfur coated granular fertilizer is prepared by coating the surfaces of granulated organic fertilizer particles with sulfur films.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic fertilizer provided with a sulfur-coated film having a function of preventing generation of mold and offensive odor and repelling pests.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, organic fertilizers have attracted attention as compared with inorganic fertilizers (chemical fertilizers) whose demand has been sluggish, and the growth rate of demand has been remarkable. This is because organic fertilizers not only provide fertilizer nutrients and trace elements slowly, but also their decomposition products, such as humus, amino acids, and polysaccharides, promote the growth of crops and increase soil It promotes grain structure formation, improves air permeability, water retention, and water permeability, and has the effect of improving the so-called soil environment (improvement of soil strength and soil making). It is thought that it is expected.

[0003] Organic fertilizers are often derived from natural products that have been used for a long time, and are generally more environmentally friendly and safer among consumers than artificial fertilizers. There is a positive image or religion.
Recently, full-time farmers have been actively appealing to the general consumer as a significant differentiating point that their vegetable products are `` organic vegetables '' using organic fertilizers, while customers are also Increasingly, people want to taste more expensive, safe and delicious real vegetables and fruits.

[0004] In addition, there are so-called gardening booms, as well as full-time farmers. It seems that gardening lovers who enjoy home gardening and sun gardens have increased in recent years. However, there is a great momentum to use organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers if possible.

[0005] Despite this high image, however, organic fertilizers are exceptional for professional full-time farmers,
Generally, it is not so easy to handle as a fertilizer that is generally used easily.

[0006] First, organic fertilizers generally emit a strong and peculiar odor due to the organic matter of the raw material. In an extreme case, the fertilizer also has a peculiar odor during the distribution process and at a store display. There are many companies who dislike. Due to such an unpleasant odor, even organic horticultural enthusiasts are unaware of this purchase.

[0007] Further, this off-flavor is a place favored by pests such as mites, aphids, flies and the like. When organic fertilizers are used, these pests are often attracted, and in extreme cases, the cultivated vegetables are innumerable. It is easy to be covered with aphids and flies.

[0008] Further, organic fertilizers have a problem that complex organic components are easily used as a mold medium and it is difficult to prevent the occurrence of mold. Is greatly reduced.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic fertilizer in a form which is easy to handle and has the above-mentioned problems, ie, generation of mold and unpleasant odor, and a repellent effect against insect pests.

[0010]

According to the present invention, (1)
A sulfur-coated granular fertilizer is provided, wherein the surface of the granulated organic fertilizer particles is coated with a sulfur coating.

According to the present invention, there is further provided (2) a sulfur-coated granular fertilizer according to (1), wherein an inorganic fertilizer component is blended.

According to the present invention, (3) the wax is used as a sealing material for a sulfur coating (1) or
(2) A sulfur-coated granular fertilizer according to (2) is provided.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

In the present invention, particles obtained by granulating an organic fertilizer are used as a core material for sulfur coating.

In the present invention, the organic fertilizer is a fertilizer mainly composed of a natural organic fertilizer of vegetable and animal origin. Examples of the organic fertilizer include soybean oil cake and its powder, rapeseed oil cake and its powder, Cottonseed oil cake and its powder, peanut oil cake and its powder, linseed oil cake and its powder, sesame oil cake and its powder, castor oil cake and its powder,
Rice bran oil cake and its powder, kapok oil cake and its powder, tofu cake dried fertilizer, corn germ oil cake and its powder, soy sauce cake and its powder, etc., and animal organic fertilizers such as fish cake powder, fish meal Powder, dried fish fertilizer powder, crab shell powder, shrimp shell powder and other crustacean fertilizer powder, meat lees powder,
Defined in the Fertilizer Control Law (Law No. 127 of 1950, hereinafter the same) for meat and bone powder, raw bone powder, steamed bone powder, dry blood (blood powder), steamed hoof horn powder, steamed leather powder, nitrogenous guano, etc. That fall under the category of common fertilizers.

Furthermore, processed poultry manure such as dried / fermented chicken dung, fermented / dried cow dung, dried / fermented pig dung, dried cell fertilizer, amino acid cake, coffee cake, soybean and soybean powder, tobacco soybean fertilizer and the like Powder, wormwood lees, plant ash,
Charcoal fertilizer, shellac lees, glutinous lees, shell powder, shell ash,
It may belong to special fertilizers specified in the Fertilizer Control Law, such as slag, pulverized coal combustion ash, calcium fertilizer, dust ash, sludge fertilizer, calcined sludge, and compost.

As the organic fertilizer of the present invention, at least one of the organic fertilizers exemplified above is used. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

In the present invention, other inorganic fertilizers, such as so-called three-element fertilizers, may be added to the organic fertilizer in a range of 50% by weight or less, preferably 30% by weight or less. By combining these,
The balance of the fertilizing component can be adjusted, or the granulation properties for granulation can be improved.

Examples of inorganic fertilizers that can be blended include nitrogenous fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, lime nitrate, urea, acetaldehyde condensed urea, isobutyraldehyde condensed urea, guanyl urea sulfate, oxamide, lime nitrogen and the like. Phosphoric acid fertilizers such as lime superphosphate, lime heavy phosphate, molten phosphorus manure, calcined phosphorus manure, and ammonium phosphate; potassium sulfate, potassium chloride,
Potassium fertilizers such as potassium sulphate and potassium bicarbonate; calcareous fertilizers such as quick lime, slaked lime and calcium carbonate fertilizers; siliceous fertilizers such as mineral siliceous fertilizers and wollastonite fertilizers; Manganese fertilizers such as fertilizers; manganese fertilizers such as manganese sulfate fertilizers; borate fertilizers such as borate fertilizers, boric acid fertilizers, boraxes; fused trace element complex fertilizers, liquid trace element complex fertilizers, mixed trace elements Trace element compound fertilizers such as fertilizers are included.

In the present invention, the compounding of the organic fertilizers or the compounding of the organic fertilizers with the inorganic fertilizer is performed by using a screw mixer,
It is preferable to carry out the kneading by using a powder mixer such as a pan mixer or a pug mixer or a kneader.

In the present invention, these organic fertilizers (or a mixture of an organic fertilizer and an inorganic fertilizer) (hereinafter, referred to as an organic fertilizer)
It may be called organic fertilizer powder. ) Is granulated into granular particles.

Granulation can be performed by a granulation operation known per se. As a typical molding method, for example,
(1) rolling granulation, (2) compression granulation, and (3) extrusion granulation, all of which can be suitably applied to the present invention.

(1) Rolling granulation uses a rolling granulator, and supplies organic fertilizer powder from an upper part of a rotating dish (bread) or cylinder (drum) arranged at an angle. At the same time, by spraying water (and a binder made of a water-soluble polymer such as starch, PVA, CMC, gelatin, etc.) onto the rolling powder, the powder is attached by capillary suction.・ Agglomerated and grown to form spherical particles. In this case, since the particles grow while rolling, there is a characteristic that spherical particles can be obtained.

(2) The compression molding uses a device called a briquetter. Two rolls having grooves (pockets) corresponding to pellets are engaged with each other and rotated, and an organic fertilizer powder is placed between the rolls. The body is continuously supplied, compressed and filled into the pocket to form a so-called briquette shape. It can be suitably applied when the amount of water in the organic fertilizer powder is relatively low.

(3) Extrusion granulation uses an apparatus called a pelletizer, in which organic fertilizer powder is extruded from a die (or a wire mesh) and formed into cylindrical or granular pellets. The method of extruding the powder is selected according to the physical properties such as the water content of the fertilizer powder, and either an extruder of plunger (screw) extrusion or a disk pelletizer of roll extrusion is employed.

When an extruder is used, the water content of the organic fertilizer powder is adjusted to be relatively high (15 to 2).
The fertilizer powder having a high water content is supplied into a barrel, and is pressurized and fed by a screw and extruded from a tip die to be pelletized. In the case of using a disk pelletizer, the moisture content of the fertilizer powder is set to a low moisture content lower than the above content, and the fertilizer powder is extruded under pressure from a cylindrical or flat die by rotating a roll to form a pellet. I do. In addition, it is also possible to adopt a method of compressing the organic fertilizer powder by engaging a set of cylindrical dies (roller ring dies) with each other.

As another granulation method, an organic fertilizer powder may be kneaded in a kneader to form a lump, which may be pulverized. In this case, the molded particles have an irregular shape.

In the present invention, the granulated organic fertilizer particles may be granular, and the particle size and shape are not particularly limited. Irregular shape, square shape, columnar shape, pellet shape, spherical shape, flat plate shape, scale shape etc.
For the sake of easy handling and easy formation of a sulfur film, a spherical or substantially spherical particle having a particle size of 0.5 to 15 mm, preferably about 2 to 8 mm is most desirable. The term “substantially spherical” as used herein includes a shape such as a rugby ball.

Therefore, in the present invention, as the granulation operation, it is most preferable to perform granulation by a rolling granulator capable of obtaining spherical particles. Furthermore, when a rolling coater is used also in the case of performing the coating of sulfur described later, it is convenient because the granulation of the organic fertilizer and the sulfur coating can be performed by the same apparatus.

In the present invention, the surface of the organic fertilizer particles obtained by granulation as described above is coated with a sulfur coating.

The coating of sulfur is most preferably a continuous coating, but in some cases, a continuous coating may not be formed and the surface may be discretely covered.

The amount of sulfur to be covered depends on the type of raw material of the organic fertilizer to be applied, the amount of fertilizer, the degree of foul odor, the soil environment to be applied, the soil temperature, the application season, the amount of rainfall, the type of plant to be applied, etc. Can be arbitrarily adjusted, but is usually about 5 to 50 parts, preferably about 10 to 40 parts, and more preferably about 15 to 35 parts, per 100 parts of organic fertilizer particles.

The sulfur used in the present invention may be either crystalline or amorphous as long as it is elemental sulfur, and may be any of sulfur recovered in a petroleum refining process, sulfur recovered from exhaust gas of sulfide ore refining, and flash sulfur. It may be. Sulfur from these various supply fields is inexpensive and readily available.

In the present invention, when forming a sulfur coating, it is preferable to further use a wax as a sealing material (sealant) on the sulfur coating. By coating the sulfur coating layer with wax and / or filling the voids or the like of the sulfur coating layer with a wax, the sealing ability as the sulfur coating is improved, the odor sealing power is increased, and the fertilizer component is increased. Can be changed.

The wax used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause plant damage, but vegetable waxes such as wood wax, jojoba oil, carnauba wax, rice wax, candelilla wax; lanolin, beeswax,
Animal waxes such as whale wax; mineral waxes such as montan wax, ceresin, and ozokerite; petroleum waxes such as paraffin wax, petrolatum, and microcrystalline wax; and synthetic hydrocarbon waxes such as Fischer-Tropsch wax and polyethylene wax, and hardening. Hydrogenated waxes such as castor oil can be used.
Above all, from room temperature to about 100 ° C., preferably 50 to 6
A wax having a low melting temperature such as melting in a temperature range of about 0 ° C. is more preferable because it can be sprayed on the surface of the sulfur-coated granular fertilizer in the same apparatus as it is without being dissolved in a solvent.

The amount of wax used is determined by the amount of organic fertilizer particles 10
With respect to 0 parts, 0.01 to 20 parts, preferably 0.1 part
About 10 to 10 parts.

The sulfur coating may further contain an inorganic powder as a filler. Such fillers include silica, talc, sericite (sericite), mica, clay, calcium carbonate, diatomaceous earth and the like. These are used in an amount of about 0.01 to 10 parts, preferably about 0.1 to 5 parts, per 100 parts of the organic fertilizer particles.

In the present invention, the sulfur film is formed by spraying molten sulfur onto the surface of the organic fertilizer particles.

Apparatuses particularly suitable for spray coating include:
For example, in addition to rolling coaters such as a rotating pan (rolling pan) type coater and a rotating drum (rolling drum) type coater, a rotary drop type coater, a Henschel mixer coater using a stirring blade, a spouted bed type coater Coaters, fluidized-bed coaters and the like can also be used.

When a rotary pan coater or a rotary drum type coater is used, molten sulfur is disposed at an appropriate position on the pan or drum while rolling the organic fertilizer particles in the rotary pan or drum. Spray from the spray nozzle. When wax is used as the sealant, the molten wax may be sprayed after spraying the molten sulfur. Subsequently, cold air is sent to cool the molten sulfur (and the molten wax) to form a sulfur film.

[0041]

In the present invention, the surface of the granulated organic fertilizer particles is covered with a sulfur coating, so that the odor of the organic fertilizer is blocked by the sulfur coating, and the odorless fertilizer is practically extremely easy to handle. It is in the form of particles.

Also, since the sulfur coating blocks the surface of the organic fertilizer particles from the outside air, mold is generated on the surface of the particles.
Does not grow.

Further, in the present invention, since the surface of the organic fertilizer particles is covered with a sulfur film, the odor peculiar to the organic matter preferred by the pests does not volatilize around, and the odor of the sulfur itself is mired by mites and flies. In combination with the repelling of the pests, the pests are prevented from being attracted to the organic fertilizer particles.

[0044]

The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. However, these are merely examples of the embodiments, and the technical scope of the present invention is not construed as being limited thereto.

A. Preparation of sulfur coated fertilizer particle sample for evaluation [Example 1]

(1) Preparation of Organic Fertilizer Powder Steamed bone powder, steamed leather powder, rapeseed oil cake, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate are mixed well by a mixer in parts by weight shown in Table 1, and the organic fertilizer powder ( Premix).

(2) Granulation operation As the granulation device, a rolling drum coater with a lifter was used. At a granulation temperature of 50 to 70 ° C., while supplying an organic fertilizer powder and tumbling in a drum coater, water containing CMC as a binder for granulation is added to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the organic fertilizer powder. The granulation was carried out while spraying a part to obtain spherical organic fertilizer particles having a particle diameter of about 3 mmφ.

(3) Sulfur coating The fertilizer particles were preheated to 55 to 60 ° C. in advance, fed into a rotary drum coater with a lifter used for granulation, and rolled. 20 parts by weight of molten sulfur melted at 0 ° C., and then 1 part by weight of molten paraffin wax, and then send cold air to 70 ° C. to 40 ° C. which is lower than the melting point of the wax. To form a film of sulfur containing paraffin wax. Table 1 shows the analysis values of the obtained sulfur-coated granular fertilizer.

Comparative Example 1 The same granular fertilizer as in Example 1 was obtained except that the sulfur coating was not performed.

Example 2 Fish meal powder, steamed leather powder, cottonseed oil meal, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate were mixed well by a mixer in parts by weight shown in Table 1 to obtain an organic fertilizer powder (premix). Obtained.

Using this organic fertilizer powder, granulation and sulfur coating were performed in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the analysis values of the obtained sulfur-coated granular fertilizer.

Comparative Example 2 A granular fertilizer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that sulfur coating was not performed.

Example 3 Steamed bone powder, dried blood, castor oil cake, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate were mixed well by a mixer in parts by weight shown in Table 1 to obtain an organic fertilizer powder (premix). Was. Using this organic fertilizer powder, granulation and sulfur coating were performed in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the analysis values of the obtained sulfur-coated granular fertilizer.

[0054]

[Table 1]

Comparative Example 3 A granular fertilizer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the sulfur coating was not performed.

B. Evaluation Test The sulfur-coated granular fertilizers obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were evaluated as follows.

Six glass bottles with a sealed stopper having a capacity of 500 cc were prepared, and 200 g of the granular fertilizers obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were inserted into each of the bottles and allowed to stand. The odor was measured by opening the stopper every 10 days, and the stopper was immediately closed and the measurement was performed seven times. The odor was evaluated by five expert panelists.

As a result, the granular fertilizers of Examples 1 to 3 had no or very weak odor at any measurement. On the other hand, it turned out that all of the granular fertilizers of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 have a strong unpleasant odor from the beginning and have a remarkable difference.

Mold generation Six pots were prepared, each filled with 500 ml of soil, and water was added to the pot to sufficiently moisten it. Approximately 50 granulated fertilizers obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were placed so as to be half filled, respectively, and further watered.

The pot was placed in a thermostat and the humidity was set to 80.
%, The temperature was kept at 30 ° C. for one week, and then the occurrence of mold was observed.

In Examples 1 to 3, no mold was observed at all. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 to
In No. 3, it was recognized that the entire surface of the fertilizer particles was covered with white mold, and that the surrounding soil was also moldy.

Pest repellency A medium in which spider mites are breeding was placed in a petri dish having a diameter of 9 cm, a large petri dish having a diameter of 13 cm was covered, and a considerable number of mites were crawled in the large petri dish and waited until the petri dish was stabilized.

Three large petri dishes were prepared, and two petri dishes each having a diameter of 5 cm were set. One of them was about 50 fertilizer particles obtained in Examples 1 to 3, and the other was Comparative Example 1. Approximately 50 fertilizer particles obtained in ~ 3 were added, and the number of mites crawling up in a petri dish containing the fertilizer particles was observed. In the case of the fertilizer particles of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, 30
Although ~ 60 ticks were attracted on the fertilizer particles, only a few crawls occasionally crept up on the fertilizer particles of Examples 1-3. That is, the sulfur-coated fertilizer particles of the present invention show almost 100% repellency against insects such as mites, whereas the organic fertilizer particles of the comparative example without sulfur coating show a considerable repellency. It was confirmed to show pest attraction.

C. Vegetation test Using the organic fertilizer particles obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, a vegetation test of Komatsuna was performed.

One part of organic fertilizer particles were mixed with 4 parts by weight of Akadama clay, put into a No. 5 pot, and three komatsuna were planted and cultivated for 45 days. After the cultivation, they were harvested and subjected to a growth survey (weight). In addition, 18 pots were prepared, and three test sections (No. 1 and No. 1) were prepared for each Example and Comparative Example.
2, No. 3).

Table 2 shows the results. It has been found that the sulfur-coated organic fertilizer particles of the present invention are rather high in terms of fertilizer efficacy as compared to organic fertilizer particles without sulfur coating.

[0067]

[Table 2]

[0068]

The sulfur-coated organic fertilizer particles of the present invention are in the form of odorless fertilizer particles which are practically extremely easy to handle because the odor of the organic fertilizer is blocked by the sulfur coating.

Further, since the sulfur coating blocks the surface of the organic fertilizer particles from the outside air, mold is generated on the surface of the particles.
Does not grow.

Further, in the present invention, since the surface of the organic fertilizer particles is covered with the sulfur film, pests are prevented from being attracted to the organic fertilizer particles.

It should be noted that the sulfur-coated organic fertilizer particles of the present invention are not at all inferior in terms of fertilizing effect to organic fertilizer particles without sulfur coating.

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Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A sulfur-coated granular fertilizer comprising the surfaces of granulated organic fertilizer particles coated with a sulfur coating. 2. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising an inorganic fertilizer component.
A sulfur-coated granular fertilizer according to the above. 3. The sulfur-coated granular fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein a wax is used as a sealing material for the sulfur coating.