JP2001088126A - Method and apparatus for treating plastic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dry processing method and apparatus for plastic waste containing plastic substances having different specific gravities and shapes or particularly containing flat and/or band-like film substances. SOLUTION: Plastic wastes are comminuted in a first comminuting step, metals are separated, and then wastes are again comminuted in a second comminuting step. The wastes are conveyed from the first step to the metal separating step and from the separating step to the second step by a conveyor separate at its rotary component to its peripheral environment. After the plastic containing a chlorine is separated from the wastes comminuted in the second step, the wastes are aggregated to generate an aggregate. In this aggregating step, the waste is previously mechanically volume reduced, and then thermally aggregated. Finally, metal coating or magnetized film-like or band-like substance is removed from the aggregate. A final product of high quality level can be obtained by selecting suitable conveying technique and aggregating technique.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for dry-processing plastic waste and a dry-processing apparatus for the same, and more particularly to recycling plastic waste discarded from households containing not less than a flat and band-like film substance. The present invention relates to a method for dry treatment of plastic waste suitable for converting into agglomerated particles and a dry treatment apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art From the viewpoint of effective use of resources, it is desired to recycle and reuse plastic waste discarded from households. Plastic waste discarded from homes includes plastics of different shapes and types. Municipalities have different standards for solid waste collection in different countries. In Germany, a national network has been established, including a method of putting it in a collection bag and putting it out on the sidewalk (for plastic and metal) and a method of putting it in an installed collection container. Furthermore, the so-called "yellow bag"
Is separated before processing, so that
PS (Styrofoam) is removed as another category. This system is different from other countries, for example the Japanese system.

[0003] Municipal solid waste in Japan has been found to contain audio and video cassettes at a much higher rate than in Germany. Audio and video cassettes are made of very thin PET (polyethylene terephthalate) in the form of metal-coated strips or strings. They exhibit magnetic behavior and can be easily separated on a drum-type magnetic separator if they are cut to a size of less than 20 mm. Furthermore, in contrast, the percentage of metals, especially tinplate and aluminum, is significantly lower than in the German "monofraction", even though the collection bags are not manually or automatically pre-sorted. Since the EPS is not sorted out, a visual inspection of the waste will notice a high percentage of EPS. Although careful pre-screening aids in subsequent waste disposal, the waste contains impurities such as, for example, metal, glass, gypsum, cloth, and paper. Some of the foreign matter is integral to the plastic material.

[0004] In order to treat flat, strip-like wastes with a high proportion of film material or foam, a modification of the waste treatment technology is necessary.

[0005] Usually, waste including audio cassettes and video cassettes is crushed and sieved in the first crushing step, and the mesh diameter of the sieve is 40 mm to 1 mm.
In the range of 00 mm, or even larger. In this first crushing step, the case of the audio and video tapes is broken and the wound magnetic tape is discharged from the crusher as a lump through the holes of the sieve. It has now been found that these wrapped tapes unwind rapidly during transport and come into contact with the rotating shafts that are components of many transport devices, such as scraper chain conveyors and pipe enclosed chain conveyors. This means that the tape wraps around the shaft at the point of return of the conveyor, so that the shaft cannot perform the function of returning the chain element. Eventually, the chains jump out of their guides, and the conveyor no longer moves or is even damaged.
Another consequence of the tape wrapping around the shaft is that the resistance of the conveyor increases as the drive of the chain conveyor becomes too tight. It can be that the tape gets into the shaft bearings, for example, because the conveyor belt jams at the end of the shaft. The bearing is overheated and destroyed by the increased frictional resistance.

[0006] Various methods and devices are already known for the treatment of plastic waste. For example, European Patent Publication EP 0 800 445 A1 (or
In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.-507304, a plastic is used in which, after the waste is crushed, a magnetic material is then separated by a magnetic separator, and a heavy plastic such as solid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is separated by a wind separator. A method for treating waste is described. Thereafter, the remaining plastic is thermally agglomerated or reduced in pressure. In the agglomeration process, fugitive substances such as, for example, steam, glass fibers and paper are sucked out by a suction device. The produced aggregates are crushed by a crusher to a size of less than 8 mm.

In US Pat. No. 5,522,554 (or Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-290457), after plastic waste is crushed in the first crushing step, magnetic materials are separated by a magnetic separator and non-ferrous metals are separated by an electrostatic separator. Another method of treating plastic waste is described which is separated and re-crushed in a second crushing step. The plastic waste crushed in the second crushing step is crushed again after being agglomerated by frictional force. A further problem with audio and video tapes is that PET has a high melting point. Typical temperatures in the agglomeration process range from 100 ° C. to 140 ° C., and thus are far below the softening temperature of PET, which is about 240 ° C. This has the consequence that the PET tape is not attached to the agglomerate and remains a flocculent that has not been reduced in volume. In this way, such aggregates cannot be used effectively in the steel and petrochemical industries because they reduce the final aggregate density and decrease the flowability. The relative high percentage of EPS is also significant because EPS affects the disadvantages of the agglomerator and does not make effective use of the fill volume in most environments.

[0008] The problem of PVC separation has already been raised. In many applications, especially when the treated plastic waste is used as a fuel in the steel and petrochemical industries, PVC not only increases corrosion, but also causes toxic substances such as dioxins and furans. PVC is quite harmful because it creates the dangers created.

[0009] NKK News Vol. 33 (Dec. 1998
“) NKK to Expand Waste Plastics Recycli
ng ForBlast Furnace Feed), waste plastics from households and industrial waste plastics are converted into primary crushers, rocking repulsion sorters, magnetic separators, wind separators, second crushers, and PVC separation and removal equipment. , A flow diagram of a waste plastic recycling system fed to a granulator and storage silo is shown. For the PVC separation, a wet centrifuge is used. The granulator granulates the PVC-removed plastic material so as to meet the conditions of blast furnace blowing.

In this way, it has been found that solid PVC plastics can be effectively separated.

[0011] Plastic waste from households includes not only solid pieces and similar chlorine-containing plastics, but also film-like chlorine-containing plastics that have been used especially for packaging to protect sensitive foods from ambient oxygen. Including.
These filmy materials cannot be processed by the centrifuge.

To cope with this problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2584
No. 28, in another wet separation apparatus, PE, P
Devices utilizing P, PVC, and other specific gravity differences are disclosed. First, a solid plastic such as a bottle and a film plastic are separated by a wind separator. Next, the plastic film is sent to a crusher and crushed to a size of 20 mm or less. The crushed plastic is sent to a wet vertical specific gravity separator, and lightweight materials are collected as floating.

[0013] In the past few years, wet processing has proven to be too expensive for efficient waste recycling. The method described in European Patent Publication EP 0 800 445 A1, which is a basic technology of waste treatment, is a dry treatment, and substantially no water is used in separating components of waste from each other. Therefore, it is highly desirable to provide a method and apparatus for treating plastic wastes that can separate chlorine-containing plastics without a wet separation step following this successful path.

US Pat. No. 5,042,725 (or JP-A-5-31447) discloses the use of a vibration table to separate vinyl chloride resin from lighter foam particles. At the vibrating table, the flow of air causes the less dense foamed particles to float and blow them away, leaving the PVC particles at the bottom of the vibrating screen. An antistatic machine sprays the vinyl and urethane mixed particles with a suitable reagent to remove static electricity therefrom. The film-like particles are removed again by applying static electricity to them, so that they can be separated.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-225931 proposes that a blower generates a flow of air from below the plate and uses a plate which can vibrate substantially horizontally in a predetermined vibration direction. The plate is inclined at an inclination angle oriented in the predetermined vibration direction and at a second inclination angle oriented in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the vibration direction. A plurality of baffles are arranged on the plate parallel to the direction of vibration. Thereby, PVC and PVDC films can be separated from waste plastic with high efficiency. A similar dry separator is
JP-A-10-314675, JP-A-10-225932, JP-A-9-216
No. 226, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-001192, in which an inclined rotating plate is used.

[0016]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a dry treatment of plastic waste, particularly applicable to the problem of plastic waste, such as audio and video tapes, which contains at least some flat and / or strip-like film material. It is to provide a method and a processing device thereof.

[0017]

This object is achieved by a method according to claim 1.

The method for treating plastic waste according to the present invention comprises plastic substances having different specific gravities and shapes,
In particular, a first crushing step for crushing plastic waste including a film-like substance, a metal separation step of separating a metal substance from the plastic waste thus crushed,
The plastic waste from which the metallic substance has been separated
Including a second crushing step for crushing to a size of not more than mm. As already mentioned, audio and video tapes can be easily removed by a drum-type magnetic separator as long as they are crushed to such size. The second crushing step is essential. If the waste is already in the first crushing process
Assuming that the crusher was crushed to a size of 20 mm, the crusher would be easily destroyed due to hard metal debris that had to be removed before crushing finely. Therefore, the present invention is based on the fact that long tapes are present in the processing system before leaving the second crusher, so that the rotating parts are separated from the surrounding environment by means of a transport device in which the plastic waste is removed in the first crushing process. From the metal separation step to the second crushing step.
Furthermore, in the present invention, after the plastic waste thus obtained is mechanically reduced in volume so as not to cause a substantial temperature rise, a coagulation step of thermally coagulating the plastic waste is performed. Have. As such, the fluffy nature of the film material is reduced and even the foamed material can be pre-reduced in volume. The present invention also provides
A second metal separation step is provided for specifically separating unagglomerated metallized or magnetized films or tapes. During this step, smaller metal particles, such as steel beads, which are part of the spray nozzle of a plastic detergent bottle, can also be removed. By choosing the appropriate transport and agglomeration techniques, a high quality end product can be obtained.

As used herein, "agglomeration" means heating a plastics material above its softening temperature and below its melting point. Thus, a surface effect occurs, whereby the single particles adhere to one another, forming agglomerates with a large specific surface area. There are special devices for agglomerating plastic materials at high pressure to create agglomerates, these are disc compactors and pelletizers. Only pot agglomerators can be agglomerated at approximately atmospheric pressure.

If the ratio of EPS and flocculent material in the waste plastic is high, the construction of the pot agglomerator, which is substantially non-pressurized, cannot be used effectively because the filling volume of the pot is not effectively used. The pot agglomerator that has been favored by has proved inadequate. Pelletizers also proved to be disadvantageous because of the limited space between the rollers and the dies and no pre-volume reduction. It is therefore appropriate to use a disc compactor in which the waste plastic supplied is pre-reduced by the supply screw. This pre-volume reduction makes it possible to increase the processing speed, and concomitantly ensure the quality of the aggregates. It was found that densities from 320 kg / m to 550 kg / m were achieved. This is important for using agglomerates as fuels in the steel and petrochemical industries.

In the case where the proportion of PVC is high, the present invention, shown in a preferred embodiment, comprises the step of removing chlorine-containing plastic from the plastic waste crushed in the second crushing step.
A plastic separation step, preferably by utilizing the specific gravity difference between the different types of plastic substances contained in the plastic waste, and optionally, the plastic waste from which the chlorine-containing plastic substance has been separated, Providing a sieving step to obtain a lumpable mass. At this time, the plastic separating step includes a step of supplying the plastic waste on the inclined plate, and a plurality of through holes provided in the inclined plate, the plastic waste being directed upward from below the inclined plate. The speed and the rate at which the chlorine-containing plastic material accumulates in the layer adjacent to the inclined plate, and the plastic material having a lower specific gravity than the chlorine-containing plastic material accumulates as a layer floating on the layer of the chlorine-containing material. Supplying air at a flow rate, and in such a state, the chlorine-containing substance is substantially conveyed in an upward direction of the inclined plate, and the layer of a plastic material having a small specific gravity is downwardly directed in the inclined plate. A step of applying a vibration exciting force to the inclined plate to substantially convey the sheet.

Since the plastic waste after the second crushing is fine, the degree of plastic size non-uniformity is small, and therefore, the influence of the size non-uniformity on the separation of chlorine-containing plastics is weak. As a result, chlorine-containing plastics can be separated from other plastics by taking advantage of differences in physical properties, for example, specific gravity. As such, the efficiency of separating chlorine-containing plastics from plastic waste can be significantly improved.

The invention in this embodiment is based on the recognition that the size of the plastic waste has a significant effect even on the separation of chlorine-containing plastics in the dry treatment of waste. It has been found that the separation effect of chlorine-containing plastics having a specific gravity slightly higher than the specific gravity of other plastics improves with reduced size heterogeneity.

The separation of the chlorine-containing plastic using the difference in specific gravity is performed on a tilt table that is tilted only in one direction. The plastic waste is supplied on the inclined plate and is exposed to air through a plurality of through holes provided in the inclined plate, and in such a state, the plastic waste is accelerated by the vibrational excitation force applied to the inclined plate. Exposed. By choosing the velocity and volumetric flow of air through the through-holes, the lower specific gravity plastics migrate over the chlorine-containing plastic, so that they are practically floating layers above the chlorine-containing plastic layer. Is separated into In this state, due to the acceleration due to the vibration of the inclined plate, the chlorine-containing plastic having a higher specific gravity rises along the inclination of the inclined plate, while the other plastics having a lower specific gravity descend along the inclination. Therefore, the separation efficiency of the chlorine-containing plastic is increased.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention is to contact ionized air with plastic waste in the step of separating chlorine-containing plastic.

By bringing the ionized air into contact with the plastic waste, the charged plastic waste is neutralized and neutralized by the ionized air. This prevents the plastic wastes from sticking together due to static electricity. This is particularly useful when the plastic waste contains film-like plastic material.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a flocculent non-volume reducing substance is separated from a flow of agglomerate obtained by flocculation of plastic waste, and the flocculent non-volume reducing substance is separated. Reagglomeration with plastic waste that does not contain chlorine-containing plastic. Small amounts of fugitive material are still present during this process.

The "scatterable substance" is a substance such as ash, cloth fiber, glass fiber, paper fiber, etc., which is a contaminant in the coagulation process.

By "fluffy non-volume reducing material" is meant a plastic that should have been agglomerated, but not agglomerated.

[0030] In this way, the aggregates that eventually leave the processing line are protected against mixing with any non-aggregates. The flocculent non-volume reducing material is recovered and re-agglomerated so that there is substantially no loss of usable material.

[0031] Yet another preferred embodiment of the invention is that the plastic waste produced is cooled by a mixture of water and air during the crushing in the third crushing step, wherein the water is contacted with the agglomerated material. Evaporate. In this way, the temperature of the aggregate is reduced and the aggregate is easily broken.

[0032] A further preferred embodiment of the invention is that the plastic waste discharged from the agglomeration device is conveyed to the cyclone device by low pressure, and the low pressure generating device is located on the clean side of the cyclone device. A suction device that creates a low pressure is located downstream of the cyclone, so that aggregates and fugitives do not pass through the suction device, only air. As a result, abrasion of the suction device by the aggregates can be avoided and noise can be considerably reduced. Ultimately, energy is saved because the gap between the rotor blades and its cover can be reduced and low pressures can be efficiently maintained, as compared to the case where the suction device is arranged in the material flow. . Another important outcome is that any air pollutants are recycled to the agglomerates until they are included in the agglomerates or separated by sieving, so that the air discharged from the device is cleaned.

[0033]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A plastic waste treatment apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4. FIG. The apparatus comprises a primary crusher connected to a primary magnetic sorter 3 by a conveyor 2 in which all rotating parts are isolated from their environment. This isolation can also be achieved with a belt conveyor having a rubber seal along the conveyor belt. Such a type of conveyor is hereinafter referred to as a closed structure conveyor.
Although not preferred here, a pneumatic conveyor is also included in the closed structure conveyor. The primary magnetic sorter 3 is connected to the non-ferrous metal sorter 5 by its chute 4. A closed structure conveyor 6 supplies the material from the non-ferrous metal sorter 5 to the primary silo 7. The primary silo 7 is connected to a wind separator 9 by a closed structure conveyor 8. The wind separator 9 is connected to a secondary crusher by a pipe-type closed structure conveyor 10. Therefore, video and audio tapes are transported without fear of damaging the transport device. The secondary crusher 11 further converts the crushed plastic waste to an air transport conveyor 30.
To the specific gravity sorter 31. The specific gravity sorter 31 supplies the secondary silo 50 with a pipe-type chain conveyor 49. The agglomerate production apparatus 52 is connected to a secondary silo by a pipe-type chain conveyor 51 and to a secondary magnetic separator by a pipe-type pocket conveyor. Eventually, material from the secondary magnetic separator reaches the sieve 86 by the chute 89 of the secondary magnetic separator.

The structure of the secondary crusher 11 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The secondary crusher 11 has a hopper 12 above a casing 13. The hopper 12 is supplied from the pipe-type chain conveyor 10 (see FIG. 1). The rotating rotor 14 is provided in the internal space 22 in the casing 13. A plurality of blades 14a are provided on the outer surface of the rotating rotor 14. The fixed blade 17 is installed on the casing 13 so as to face the rotating rotor 14. The discharge screen 16 is disposed in the internal space 22 on the side closer to the air conveyor 30 than the rotating rotor 14 and attached to the casing 13. An ionized air generation chamber 15 is provided in the casing 13 on the upstream side of the rotary rotor 14. A ground electrode 18 and a discharge electrode 19 are provided in the ionized air generation chamber 15. 2
0 is a grounding portion of the grounding electrode 18. The ground electrode 18 and the discharge electrode 19 are connected to an AC power supply 21. These components are arranged to form an ionized air generator.

The detailed structure of the specific gravity separator 31 will be described with reference to FIG. The specific gravity separator 31 includes a vibration table 34 at an upper end of a casing 38 and a hopper 32 located above the vibration table 34. Vibration table 34
Has a large number of through-holes 35 having a diameter of 1 mm, and is disposed to be inclined in one direction indicated by an arrow "X" at both ends. The vibration device 36 is connected to the vibration table 34. Fan 37
It is provided in a casing 38 below the vibration table 34 that produces table vibration in the X direction. A ground electrode 39 disposed in a casing 38;
It comprises a discharge electrode 40 and an AC power supply 41.
AC power supply 41 is connected to ground electrode 39 and discharge electrode 40. Reference numeral 42 denotes a ground portion of the ground electrode 139.

As shown in FIG. 4, the agglomerate production apparatus 52 includes a disk compactor constituted by a supply unit 53 and an aggregation unit 54. The supply unit 53 includes a buffer box 81 and a screw feeder 82 provided below the buffer box 81.
Having. The agglomerate production device 52 further includes a crusher 62 and a wind separator 70. The pipe type chain conveyor 51 is connected to the buffer box 81 of the supply unit 53. The screw feeder 82 pre-volumes the input material and conveys it to the coalescing unit 54. A cooling water supply pipe 55 having a flow control valve 56 is connected to the disks 54 a and 54 b of the aggregation unit 54. The cooling water discharge pipe 57 is connected to the disks 54a, 5a of the flocculation unit 54.
Contact 4b. The air supply pipe 58 is also a coagulation unit 54
Connected to. Disks 54a, 5 of the aggregation unit 54
4b is in the housing. The housing has an air inlet 58 and an outlet 59 for aspirating the agglomerated material. An air transport system for the coalescing unit 54 is connected to the cyclone 60. The cyclone 60 is connected to a crusher 62 via a rotary valve 61 acting as a pressure barrier. A water supply pipe 63 and an air supply pipe 64 are connected to a set of a plurality of spray nozzles 64, and the spray nozzles crush the water and air mixture into a crusher 62.
Spray. The pneumatic conveyor 67 crushes the material by the crusher 6
2 to the cyclone 68. The cyclone 68 is connected to a wind separator 70 via a rotary valve 69. A chute 83 downstream of the wind separator 70 is connected to a pipe-type pocket conveyor 85 and has an impact-type mass flow meter 71. The wind separator 70 is connected to a cyclone 73 by a return pipe 72.
The cyclone 73 is connected to a buffer box 81 via a rotary valve 74. The cyclone 73 has an air discharge pipe 76. The air discharge pipe 76 has a fan 75. The cyclone 60 is connected to the air discharge pipe 76 by an air discharge pipe 78 provided with a fan 77. The cyclone 68 is connected to an air pipe 76 by an air discharge pipe 80 provided with a fan 79. It will be noted that in the device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are three sets of units consisting of a fan, a cyclone and a rotary valve. In all units,
The fan is located downstream of the cyclone with respect to air flow, while the rotary valve is located downstream of the cyclone with respect to solid material flow. Since the cyclone separates all solid matter from the incoming stream,
The fan is always located on the clean air side of the cyclone, so that there is virtually no fan impeller and housing wear, less noise and lower energy consumption compared to prior art arrangements. There is an advantage that it becomes.

A method for treating plastic waste will be described below with reference to a preferred embodiment of the plastic waste treatment apparatus shown in FIGS.

[0038] The plastic waste separately collected from each home and building is supplied to the primary crusher 1. The plastic waste contains various types of plastics with different shapes. Generally, plastic waste contains impurities such as metal, glass, gypsum, cloth, and paper. Some of the foreign matter is associated with the plastic material. Various types of plastics include PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), PS (polystyrene), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), and PVC (polyvinyl chloride).

The typical composition of Japanese plastic waste is shown in the table below.

Table: Composition of plastic waste in Japan

The plastic waste is crushed in the primary crusher 1 so that the primary magnetic separator 3, the non-ferrous metal separator 5, and the wind separator 9 reduce the size of the plastic waste to a size suitable for removing foreign matter. You. As the primary crusher 1, a single-shaft crusher is used. Waste plastic is the primary crusher 1
Is fed into the primary crusher 1 from the supply hopper, and is pressed by a rotary blade attached to a rotary rotor by a pushing pusher. Waste plastic is crushed by entering between the rotary blade and the fixed blade in the primary crusher 1. Primary crusher 1
Inside, a discharge screen having a mesh hole having a diameter of 50 mm is provided below the rotating rotor. The waste plastic has a size (5
(Less than 0 mm) is repeatedly crushed in the primary crusher 1. Due to the frictional heat generated in the crushing step, a part of the moisture adhering to the waste plastic evaporates in the primary crusher 1, and the waste plastic is somewhat dried, but the drying is not controlled.

The crushed plastic waste including the long tape wrapped around the reel discharged from the primary crusher 1 is removed from the primary magnetic separator 3 by the closed structure conveyor 2.
Via the chute 4 of the primary magnetic sorter 3,
It is discharged to the non-ferrous metal sorter 5. During the transportation of plastic waste from the primary crusher 1 to the non-ferrous metal sorter 5,
Magnetic metals, such as iron, contained in the plastic waste are removed by the primary magnetic separator 3. A suspended magnetic separator and a drum magnetic separator are used as the primary magnetic separator 3. The suspended magnetic separator installed above the belt conveyor 2 has excellent processing capacity, but fails to remove small metal pieces. In order to remove the fine magnetic metal pieces, a drum-type magnetic separator is installed at the end of the belt conveyor 2 downstream of the hanging-type magnetic separator. The plastic waste enters the drum-type magnetic separator, leaves the chute 4 of the drum-type magnetic separator, and proceeds to the non-ferrous metal separator 5.

The non-ferrous metal sorter 5 removes non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and copper from waste plastic. As the non-ferrous metal sorter 5, an eddy current sorter is used. The waste plastic discharged from the non-ferrous metal sorter 5 is conveyed to a primary silo 7 by a closed structure conveyor 6. When the equipment (for example, the secondary crusher 11) located downstream of the primary silo 7 is stopped,
The equipment located upstream of the primary silo 7 (the primary crusher 1, the primary magnetic separator 3, and the non-ferrous metal separator 5) is not stopped immediately and the upstream equipment is operated for a certain period of time, that is, the primary silo 7 is full. Until it is provided to continue.

The closed structure conveyor 8 conveys the waste plastic from the primary silo 7 to the wind separator 9. Wind sorter 9
Removes non-metallic foreign matter such as glass and gypsum from waste plastic. Foreign substances such as paper and cloth are removed together with heavy non-metallic foreign substances such as glass and gypsum when the moisture is high, but are collected together with waste plastic which is lightweight when the moisture is low. . Since the waste plastic is exposed to the flow of the dry air in the wind separator 9, the drying proceeds. Foreign matter contained in the waste plastic is mostly removed from the waste plastic by the primary magnetic separator 3, the non-ferrous metal separator 5, and the wind separator 9. That is, most of the foreign matter which is a cause of damage to the blade of the crusher and impairing the function of the crusher is removed, so that the waste plastic can be further crushed. This crushing is performed by the secondary crusher 1
1 is performed.

The waste plastic from which foreign matter has been removed by the wind separator 9 is supplied into the hopper 12 of the secondary crusher 11 by the closed-structure conveyor 10. As shown in FIG. 2, the waste plastic includes a plastic 23 containing no chlorine and a PVC 24 containing chlorine. These waste plastics are guided to the internal space 22 and are finely crushed by the blades 14 a of the rotating rotor 14 and the fixed blades 17. The secondary crusher 11 is also a single-shaft crusher. The discharge screen 16 provided below the rotating rotor of the secondary crusher 11 has a large number of mesh holes with a diameter of 10 mm. The plastic 23 and the PVC 24 are rotated by the rotating rotor 14 until they are large enough to pass through the mesh holes.
Crushed repeatedly. Plastic 27 and PVC2 having a diameter of 10 mm or less passing through the discharge screen 16
8 is discharged to the air conveyor 30. The waste plastic put into the hopper 12 of the secondary crusher 11 has a diameter of 5
It is crushed to a size of 0 mm or less and is in the form of cotton (fluff). For this reason, in order to smoothly supply the waste plastic from the hopper 12 to the internal space 22 and smoothly pass through the discharge screen 16, a fan (not shown) connected to the pneumatic conveyor 30 through a cyclone (not shown). ) Sucks air in the internal space 22. The waste plastic transported by the air transport conveyor 30 and separated by the cyclone is sent into the hopper 32 of the specific gravity separator 31 by a rotary valve (not shown). The connection state of the cyclone, the fan and the rotary valve, not shown, and the air transport conveyor 30 is the same as the connection state of the cyclone 60, the fan 77, the rotary valve 61, and the air transport conveyor 59 shown in FIG.

The ground electrode 18 in the ionized air generating chamber 15
An AC high voltage from an AC power supply 21 is applied between the power supply and the discharge electrode 19. An AC corona discharge occurs between the ground electrode 18 and the discharge electrode 19, and positive ions 25 and negative ions 26 of air are generated alternately. This ionized air is supplied into the internal space 22. For this reason, the internal space 22
The waste plastic present in the interior is neutralized and neutralized by the ionized air, thereby preventing the waste plastics from sticking to each other.

The main components of useful plastics that can be recycled in general waste plastics are PP, PE, P
It is a plastic containing no chlorine such as S or PET. These specific gravities are 0.90 to 0.95 for PP and 0.1 for PE.
92 to 0.98, PS is 1.02 to 1.10, and PET is 1.30 to 1.40. As another main component, there is EPS (Styrofoam) obtained by subjecting PS to foaming treatment, but this specific gravity is much smaller than PP. On the other hand, since the specific gravity of PVC to be separated and removed is 1.25 to 1.45, it is possible to separate specific gravity from all the substances except PET. Several methods for separating PET are known and are disclosed, for example, in JP-A-9-299828. Part of the PET tape in the waste is separated together with the PVC.

The specific gravity separator 31 is a device that separates PVC, which is a kind of plastic, by utilizing a specific gravity difference. The plastic 27 and PVC 28 in the hopper 32 are supplied on an inclined vibration table 34. An AC high voltage from an AC power supply 41 is applied to the discharge electrode 40 and the ground electrode 39. Therefore, an alternating current corona discharge occurs between the discharge electrode 40 and the ground electrode 39. By this AC corona discharge, positive ions 44 and negative ions 45 of air are generated alternately and sequentially. Since the fan 37 is driven, the ionized air (including the positive ions 44 and the negative ions 45) becomes the air flow 43 and blows out from the through holes 35 above the vibration table 34. The PP, PE, PS and EP of the plastic 27 are ejected by the jet of the air flow 43.
Useful plastics with a lower specific gravity than S etc. go to the upper layer,
If the higher specific gravity PET among the higher specific gravity PVC 28 and plastic 27 still exists,
T also splits down. And PVC2 which became the lower layer
8 and PET receive a force moving upward on the inclined surface from the vibration table 34 due to a vibration component in the X direction, which is the direction of inclination of the vibration table 34, driven by the vibration device 36, and gradually advance above the vibration table 34. Go out. Eventually, PV
C28 and PET are collected from the upper end of the vibration table 34 into the crushed piece collection box 46. On the other hand, useful plastics having a low specific gravity as the upper layer are PVC28 and PET.
And gradually proceeds below the vibration table 34, and is collected on the pipe-type chain conveyor 49. The ionized air flow 43 is adjusted to a flow rate that does not blow away the waste plastic having a large specific gravity that forms the lower layer. The air flow 43 also promotes the formation of two layers, that is, a layer of a high specific gravity substance and a layer of a low specific gravity substance.

Since the ionized air flow 43 comes into contact with the waste plastic on the vibration table 34, even if the waste plastic rubs against each other due to the vibration of the vibration table 34, it is charged by either positive or negative ions 44,
45 immediately neutralizes and removes electricity. For this reason, the waste plastics on the vibration table 34 are prevented from sticking to each other due to static electricity, which is particularly effective when processing a film.

The ionized air generating device including the ground electrode 39, the discharge electrode 40, and the AC power supply 41 may be placed below and near the vibration table. This is because, as long as the ionized air generator is installed near the table 34, the positive ions 44 and the negative ions 45 are attracted to the charged plastic waste on the vibrating table 34 by Coulomb force.

In this embodiment, the waste plastic is preferably crushed to a diameter of 10 mm or less in the secondary crusher 11.
When separating 8 (and PET), variations in the size of the waste plastic are reduced, and the influence of the size of the shape is reduced. When the waste plastic is crushed only by the primary crusher 1 without using the secondary crusher 11 as in EP0800445A1, damage to the cutter of the primary crusher 1 is caused by metal foreign matter that may be contained in plastic waste. Therefore, the waste plastic cannot be crushed by the primary crusher 1 so as to have a diameter of 10 mm or less.
When the size of the waste plastic is large, the influence of the shape is large and the influence of the specific gravity of the material is canceled. This is especially important when there is a lot of plastic film material. For this reason, when the size of the waste plastic is large, PVC in the separation utilizing the difference in specific gravity is used.
The separation efficiency of 28 is low. If the waste plastic after crushing is 50 mm or less, the shape effect due to the variation in the size of the waste plastic is also hindered, and the separation efficiency of the PVC 28 also decreases. However, when the size of the waste plastic is reduced as in the present embodiment, the influence of the specific gravity difference becomes relatively large, and the separation efficiency of PVC 28 and PET using the specific gravity difference is improved. In other words, the fine waste plastics crushed by the secondary crusher 11 are separated by the specific gravity sorter 3.
1 to separate the crushed piece collection box 46.
PP, P mixed in PVC28 and PET existing in
The proportion of useful plastics having a low specific gravity such as E, PS and EPS is reduced. Conversely, pipe type chain conveyor 4
9 also reduces the amount of PVC 28 in the plastic waste. The effects described above become extremely large in combination with the improvement of the separation efficiency by using the ionized air. The air flow 43 through the through hole 35 of the vibration table 34
Jetting also contributes to improving the separation efficiency of waste plastic having a large specific gravity. Since the specific gravity separator 31 is arranged on the upstream side of the agglomerate manufacturing apparatus 52, particularly the disk compactor, the amount of chlorine contained in the manufactured granular agglomerates is significantly reduced. This can significantly reduce the possibility of corrosion of the blast furnace due to chlorine when the aggregates are supplied as a reducing agent into the blast furnace. Further, generation of dioxin and furan in the blast furnace can be prevented.

In particular, before the plastic waste is supplied to the plastic waste treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, the PET bottle is removed from the plastic waste by separate collection or the like, so that P is a useful plastic.
ET is not separated together with PVC, and the separation efficiency of chlorine-containing waste plastic and chlorine-free waste plastic in the specific gravity separator 31 can be significantly improved.
When the yield of chlorine-free waste plastic is about 75%, about 60% or more of chlorine-containing waste plastic can be removed. The PVC content in waste plastics in Japan is about 8% or less, and by removing PVC by 60% or more, the PVC content of the produced aggregated granules is reduced to 3.2%.
% And the chlorine concentration can be reduced to 1.6% or less. By removing the PET bottle in advance, the PET bottle material P
ET can be reused effectively.

The waste plastic discharged to the pipe type chain conveyor 49 is guided to the secondary silo 50. The installation of the secondary silo 50 enables continuous operation of the equipment located upstream of the secondary silo 50 when the equipment located downstream of the secondary silo 50 is stopped, similarly to the primary silo 7. . Further, the secondary silo 50 has a function of stirring the waste plastic, and realizes homogenization of the waste plastic (elimination of uneven distribution of a specific type of plastic). As a result, the agglomerate production device 5
The change over time of the composition of the waste plastic sent to 2 is small. Therefore, variation in the composition of each manufactured aggregated particle is reduced.

The agglomerate production apparatus 52 converts a non-homogeneous input substance into a porous, compact, granular substance having a bulk specific gravity of 0.32 to 0.53. Agglomerated granules have a variety of industrial uses, for example, they can be used in blast furnaces instead of heavy oil or coke, ie as reducing agents. Agglomeration unit 5 of agglomerate production device 52
At 4, the waste plastic is rapidly heated by friction. The heating temperature is controlled so as not to reach the melting point of the waste plastic as described above. Plastic waste is softened at a temperature slightly below its average melting point. Since this melting point is strongly dependent on the plastic composition in the plastic waste, the plastic waste should be homogenized in the secondary silo 50 described above.

The plastic waste in the secondary silo 50 is sent by a pipe type chain conveyor 51 into a buffer box 81 provided in a supply unit 53 of an agglomerate manufacturing apparatus 52. By driving the screw feeder 82 installed at the lower part of the buffer box 81, the waste plastic in the buffer box 81 is removed from the two discs 54a and 54b in the aggregation unit 54.
It is supplied to the gap formed between them. A plurality of paddle screws (not shown) are provided in the buffer box 81 to prevent the occurrence of a bridge by rotating, and to facilitate the plastic waste to be drawn into the screw feeder 82.

The two disks 54 in the aggregation unit 54
One of a and 54b is rotated by a motor (not shown). The waste plastic interposed between the two discs is helically deformed by the action of friction generated by the rotation of the rotating disc 54b, and is exposed to frictional heat. As a result, the deformed waste plastic is rapidly heated and converted into noodle-like aggregates. In the agglomeration process, springs used for spray products,
The metal used for the fruit storage net and the residual metal adhered to the plastic component such as the clip entangled with the film are separated from the plastic component by the frictional force. Both disks 54a, 54b
Is independently cooled with water supplied by piping 55 through valve 56 controlled by controller 87, as described in more detail below. Cooling water is pipe 57
And discharged from the aggregating unit 54.

If the moisture content of the waste plastic supplied to the agglomeration unit 54 is about 6% by weight or more, the frictional heat will be used only for drying the waste plastic, and the agglomerate will be less efficient. Not generated well. In the present embodiment, the primary crusher 1, the wind separator 9, the secondary crusher 11, and the specific gravity separator 31 on the upstream side of the agglomerate production device 52 are used.
In each of the steps, the waste plastic is partially dried. In this embodiment, the agglomerate manufacturing apparatus 5 is used.
No water is used in each treatment upstream of 2. Due to these reasons, when using waste plastic stored indoors so as not to be exposed to rainwater, the moisture content of the waste plastic at the time of being introduced into the disc compactor satisfies less than 6% by weight, and aggregates are formed. Be produced.

When the fan 77 is driven, the coagulation unit 5
An airflow is generated from the air supply pipe 58 in the housing of the fourth disk to the cyclone 60. The plastic agglomerates, along with the remaining metal, cloth, lightweight materials (eg, dry paper or glass fiber) and foreign matter such as water vapor generated in the agglomeration process, are discharged from the gaps between the discs in the airflow, It reaches the inside of the air conveyor 59. The plastic agglomerates, residual metal, cloth, lightweight material, and water vapor are directed to cyclone 60, at which time air is directed to air discharge pipe 76 via air discharge pipe 78. Even solid substances, i.e., fugitive obstacles such as lightweight substances, can be cyclone 60
And is conveyed to a post-crusher 62 via a rotary valve 61. The plastic aggregate discharged from the aggregation unit 54 is dried by the contact with air while moving in the air transport conveyor 59.

The fan 77 functions as a device for generating an air flow which is useful for conveying the plastic aggregate.
The cyclone 60 is a separation device that separates plastic aggregates and scattered substances from air for transportation. Cyclone 6
A setting of zero allows the fugitive material and plastic aggregates to be removed from the agglomeration unit 54 and to convey the fugitive material and plastic aggregates together. Since the transport device for the scatterable substance and the plastic aggregate can be shared, the configuration of the agglomerate production device 52 is simplified. A cyclone 68 described below is a device for separating the particulate aggregate from the carrier air, and a cyclone 73 is a device for separating the carrier air from the non-agglomerated plastic or the cotton-like non-volume-reduced plastic. The fans 75 and 79 are conveying air generators.

The transfer speed of the aggregate is controlled by the rotary valve 61.
Slow down to a certain level. Therefore, the temperature of the aggregate supplied by the rotary valve 61 can be effectively measured, and is directly measured by the far-infrared temperature sensor between the rotary valve 61 and the post-crusher 62. If desired, the temperature is measured indirectly by installing additional sensors on the fixed disk 54a of the disk compactor, for example, a resistance thermometer. The temperature measurement value measured by the temperature sensor 66 is transmitted to the controller 66, and the controller automatically sends an open / close signal to the solenoid valve 56 so as to maintain the temperature below the melting point of the plastic waste. Although not shown, the disk compactor 5
Two disks 54a, 54b provided on the third and the 54th
Each have a cooling water passage therein. When the measured temperature becomes higher than the set temperature, the controller 87 sends an open signal to the flow control valve 56, and the cooling water starts flowing. On the other hand, when the measured temperature value becomes lower than the set temperature, the controller 87 sends a close signal to the flow control valve 56, and the cooling water stops. Since the two disks 54a and 54b are cooled in this way, the plastic aggregate is softened at a temperature lower than the melting point in the aggregation unit 54.

The configuration of the crusher 62 is substantially the same as the configuration of the primary crusher 1 described above. Since the discharge screen arranged downstream of the rotating rotor has a mesh hole of 8 mm in diameter, the plastic aggregate is repeatedly crushed until the diameter becomes 8 mm or less. In order to facilitate crushing of the plastic aggregate, it is necessary to lower the temperature of the plastic aggregate. Spray nozzle 6 by water supply pipe 63
The water supplied to 5 is formed into fine droplets by the air supplied from the air supply pipe 64 and sprayed into the crusher 62 on the upstream side of the rotating rotor. The plastic aggregates guided into the crusher 62 are cooled by contact with the droplets, and then finely crushed by the rotating rotor to form aggregates. The sprayed droplets take away heat from the plastic aggregate and are completely vaporized into water vapor.

The agglomerated particles and the steam discharged from the crusher 62 are guided toward the cyclone 68 by the air flow in the air conveying conveyor 67. This air flow is generated by driving the fan 79. Air and water vapor are separated in the cyclone 68 and discharged to the air discharge pipe 80. The aggregated particles that have passed through the cyclone 68 are sent to a wind separator 70 by a rotary valve 69. The wind separator 70 separates some flocculated non-volume-reduced lightweight materials, such as a film that has been agglomerated and fines, that is sent together with the supplied agglomerated granules. The separated non-aggregate is sent to the cyclone 73 through the return pipe 72 by the driving of the fan 75. In the cyclone 73, air is separated,
This air is discharged to the air discharge pipe 76. Cyclone 7
The flocculent non-volume reducing substance separated in 3 is supplied to the buffer box 8 of the supply unit 53 by the rotary valve 74.
Returned to 1 The flocculent non-volume-reducing substance is supplied to the coagulation unit 54 together with the plastic waste guided by the pipe-type chain conveyor 51 and coagulated. In the early stage of the operation start when the disk temperature in the aggregating unit 54 is low, the ratio of the light-weight non-agglomerated material becomes large. Returning the recovered non-aggregate to the disk aggregator by the object feedback device and reaggregating it is particularly important in suppressing the non-aggregate in the agglomerated granules from being mixed. In the agglomerate manufacturing apparatus 52, since non-aggregate is separated after separating the scatterable substance, the scattered substance is not mixed into the reaggregated aggregate without returning the scattered substance to the aggregation unit 54. Can be prevented.

The agglomerated particles from which non-agglomerated materials have been removed in the wind separator 70 are discharged from the agglomerate manufacturing apparatus 52 via the chute 83 after the mass flow rate is measured by the mass flow rate measuring device 71. The aggregates are conveyed to a secondary magnetic separator 84 by a pipe-type pocket conveyor 85, and magnetic substances such as irons contained in the aggregates are separated. As the secondary magnetic separator 84, only a drum-type magnetic separator is used. The agglomerated particles from which the magnetic metal pieces and the magnetic tape have been removed are fed to the chute 89 of the secondary magnetic sorter 84.
Is sent to the sieve sorter 86 via

Since the water vapor generated by the contact between the plastic aggregates and the droplets in the crusher 62 is completely removed by the cyclone 68, the aggregates discharged from the agglomerate production device 52 and sent to the sieve sorter 86 Has a residual humidity of 1% or less. The air containing the scattered substance flowing in the air discharge pipe 76 is discharged to an external environment after being purified by a dust collector and a deodorizer (not shown).

The measured value of the mass flow rate of the agglomerated particles measured by the mass flow meter 71 is transmitted to the controller 88. The controller 88 controls the rotation speed of the screw feeder 82 so that the measured value becomes a set value. For this reason, since the amount of waste plastic supplied to the aggregating unit 54 can be appropriately adjusted, the production speed of the agglomerated granules is kept almost constant. The rotation speed of the screw feeder 82 may be controlled artificially in order to change the production speed of the aggregated particles.

In the agglomerated particle manufacturing apparatus 52, the fans 75, 77 and 79 for generating the air flow are
3, 60, and 68 are installed on the downstream side instead of the upstream side, respectively. The advantage of placing each fan downstream of each cyclone in this manner is that the plastic agglomerates, agglomerates or non-aggregates do not contact the impeller of the fan, so that the impeller wear can be significantly reduced. Further, the noise generated from the fan is reduced, and the effect of reducing the energy consumption by the motor of the fan is obtained. Undesired material side placement means that solid material is conveyed through the fan housing and impeller.

[0067] sieve sieve have sorter 86 is about 10mm. The sieving and sorting machine 86 removes foreign matters such as cloth pieces mixed in the agglomerated granules, whose shape is easily changed. The secondary crusher 11 uses a discharge screen having a hole of 10 mm in diameter, and the crusher 62 uses a discharge screen having a hole of 8 mm in diameter. In a normal state that is not a suction state, even a size larger than the discharge screen hole passes through the discharge screen hole. In order to remove such cloth pieces and the like, a sieve sorter 86 is provided. Sieve sorter 8
The agglomerated particles discharged from 6 become products and are used as a reducing material of a blast furnace.

In this embodiment, the separation efficiency of plastic containing chlorine can be enhanced, so that high-quality agglomerated granules (content of foreign matters other than plastic ≦ 10% by weight, bulk specific gravity ≧ 0.3, chlorine concentration ≦ 2% by weight, moisture ≦ 1% by weight, particle size ≦ 10 mm). Such high-grade aggregates can be used in various recycling fields. For example, as described above, it can be used as a substitute for heavy oil and coke in a blast furnace.

[0069]

According to the present invention, plastic wastes containing plastic substances having different specific gravities and shapes, particularly flat and / or strip-shaped film substances, can be easily treated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of one embodiment of a secondary crusher used in the present apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of one embodiment of a specific gravity sorter used in the present apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of one embodiment of an agglomerate manufacturing apparatus used in the present apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Primary crusher, 2 ... Belt conveyor, 3 ... Primary magnetic force sorter, 4 ... Chute, 5 ... Nonferrous metal sorter, 6,
8, 10 ... closed structure conveyor, 7 ... primary fixed quantity feeder, 9
… Wind separator, 11… Secondary crusher, 30… Pneumatic conveyor, 31… Specific gravity separator, 49, 51… Pipe type chain conveyor, 50… Secondary quantitative feeder, 52… Agglomerate manufacturing equipment, 85… Pipe Type pocket conveyor, 84 ... Secondary magnetic separator, 86 ... Sieve, 89 ...
shoot.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Nobuaki Uno 4-6 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor Heinz Earl. Schnetler Cologne, Germany D-51145 Franck-Furtel Street 720-726 Der Grün-Punkt-System Technology Embehr F-term (reference) 4D004 AA07 AA08 AA12 AA16 AA18 AA21 CA03 CA04 CA08 CA09 CA12 CA14 CA22 CA32 CB16 CB45 4D021 JA05 JB03 KA12 KB01 LA20 NA09 4F301 AA13 AA14 AA15 AA17 AA25 BA01 BA12 BA21 BA29 BD01 BE01 BE12 BE30 BF05 BF08 BF09 BF12 BF15 BF31 BF40

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A method for the dry treatment of plastic waste containing plastic substances of different specific gravity and shape, in particular containing a flat and / or strip-shaped film substance, comprising: a) a first crushing step of crushing the plastic waste; A metal separation step of separating the metal material from the plastic waste crushed as described above c) including a second crushing step of crushing the plastic waste from which the metal material has been separated to a size of 20 mm or less, Plastic waste is transported from step a) to b) and from step b) to c) by a transport device in which the parts are isolated from the surrounding environment, and e) in this way After mechanically reducing the volume of the obtained plastic waste so as not to cause a substantial temperature rise, the plastic waste is thermally condensed. Method characterized by having a flocculation step f) were not agglomerated, the second metal separation step of separating the metallized or magnetized film or strip material to. 2. The method according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: d) crushing in step c) by utilizing a specific gravity difference between the plastic substances contained in the plastic waste. A plastic separation process for separating the chlorine-containing plastic substance from the plastic waste. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein step d) comprises the step of: feeding said plastic waste onto a ramp; said chlorine-containing plastic material being applied to said ramp. Through a plurality of through-holes opened in the inclined plate, the plastic material having a lower specific gravity than the chlorine-containing material is accumulated in an adjacent layer and accumulated as a layer floating on the layer of the chlorine-containing material. Supplying air at a suitable speed and volume flow upward from the bottom of the plate; and in such a state, applying a vibrational excitation force to the inclined plate to cause the chlorine-containing substance to substantially move over the inclined plate. Transporting the layer of plastic material having a lower specific gravity substantially downwardly of the ramp. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein in step d), ionized air contacts the plastic waste.
The method according to. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the non-volume reducing material is separated from a flow of agglomerated material obtained by aggregating the plastic waste. And step g) is after step e) or step f), the non-volume reducing material thus separated is crushed in step d) and / or the chlorine-containing plastic material is separated. Agglomerated with the plastic waste. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising the step of: h) further crushing the aggregated substance while cooling the aggregated substance with a mixture of water and air; Is the step of evaporating after contact with the coagulated substance. 7. A first crusher for crushing plastic waste in a dry processing apparatus for plastic waste containing plastic materials having different specific gravities and shapes, especially containing flat and / or strip-shaped film materials. A metal separator for separating a metal substance from the plastic waste crushed by the crusher, a second crusher for crushing the plastic waste from which the metal substance has been separated, and It is installed between the first crusher and the metal separator and between the metal crusher and the second crusher, and the transport device comprises transport means in which rotating parts are isolated from the environment. Agglomeration device, further comprising a pre-volume reducing device for densifying the plastic waste without causing a substantial temperature rise before agglomeration, Were collected, apparatus characterized by consisting of the second metal separator, for separating metallized or magnetized film-like material. 8. A plastic separation device for separating a chlorine-containing plastic material from the plastic waste crushed by the second crusher based on a difference in specific gravity between the plastic materials contained in the plastic waste. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: 9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the plastic separating device for separating the chlorine-containing plastic material based on a specific gravity difference between the plastic materials includes: Having, disposed in an inclined manner, a plate on which the plastic waste is supplied on the upper surface; applying a vibration excitation force to the inclined plate, and transporting the chlorine-containing substance substantially upward in the inclined plate, A vibration exciter for transporting said layer of plastic material of low specific gravity substantially downwardly of said ramp; and said chlorine-containing plastic material accumulates in a layer adjacent to said ramp, and Through a plurality of through holes formed in the inclined plate, from the bottom of the plate, the plastic material having a low specific gravity is accumulated as a layer floating on the layer of the chlorine-containing material. Air generating apparatus for supplying an appropriate speed and volume flow of the air towards. 10. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the plastic separating apparatus includes an ionized air generator for generating ionized air to be brought into contact with the plastic waste. 11. Apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising: A non-volume-reducing substance separating device for separating the non-volume-reducing material from the flocculated material discharged from the flocculating device; and the non-volume-reducing material separated by the non-volume-reducing material separating device. Feeding device for feeding the device. 12. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the plastic waste from the agglomeration device is conveyed into the cyclone device by negative pressure, and the negative pressure generating device is located on the clean air side of the cyclone device. An apparatus according to any of the above. 13. The device according to claim 7, further comprising:
A third crusher for crushing the coagulated material discharged from the coagulation device; and connected to the third crusher, for cooling the agglomerate during crushing by evaporation of water by contact with the coagulated material. Coolant supply equipment.