JP2001079657A - Fixing method with brazing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily execute brazing and inspection with visual observation by disposing brazing filler metal in a hole of a first member, melting the brazing filler metal under a contacting state of a second member with the brazing filler metal and fixing the first member and the second member with the brazing. SOLUTION: In the hole 90a of the first member 90, the brazing filler metal 110 is laid, and the second member 100 is inserted in the hole 90a so as to interpose the grazing filler metal 110 to allow the second member 100 to contact with the brazing filler metal 110. Successively, the first member 90 and the second member 100 are heated. The brazing filler metal 110 is melted and penetrated into a gap between the first member 90 and the second member 100 and raised into the gap and comes to an outer end of the gap. The second member 100 is naturally dropped, and an end surface of the second member 100 is closely stuck to the bottom surface of the hole 90a. In the hole 90a, a step part is arranged and the brazing filler metal 110 is disposed in the step part. When a pipe material is brazed into the hole of a hollow member, the brazing filler metal 110 is disposed in the hole in the hollow member, the pipe material is brought into contact with the brazing filler metal 110 to melt the brazing filler metal 110.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention generally relates to a method for fixing various members by brazing in various technical fields. Typically, the present invention is an elbow type suitable for a device having a high pressure fluid path such as a hydraulic device, a hydraulic device, a pneumatic device, etc. (including a nuclear device, a high pressure jet nozzle device, a high pressure cutting device, etc.). (Not only 90 degrees but 4
(Including 5 degrees and other angles). Examples of this type of fluid fitting are a fitting for connecting a high-pressure hose and a connection adapter. Of course, the present invention can be applied not only to high pressure but also to joints used for various low pressure fluid pipes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An elbow-shaped fluid fitting will be described as an example, but this is for convenience and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0003] The manufacturing process of an elbow-shaped fluid fitting may include brazing.

[0004] Brazing is preferred by people for its simplicity and beautiful finish, and it is used as a metal joining technique familiar to daily life, and as a science that has accumulated knowledge and experience of humankind since ancient times. Has also continued to evolve.

As can be seen today, accessories such as metal frame glasses and pendants finished with an elegant design or gas lighters, light-frame bicycles, radiators and air-conditioning equipment for passenger cars with increasingly lighter aluminum weight, refrigeration This brazing technology is actually applied to storage and cooling facilities related to the distribution of food, refrigeration showcases and home-use refrigerators that save power, engines and reactor parts of jumbo jets, etc. The fact that it operates under extreme conditions shows how effective and reliable this technology is.

[0006] Thus, the brazing technique occupies an almost entire field of various advanced machinery and equipment manufacturing industries, and furthermore, is an important position at the forefront of modern technology civilization, and is expected to greatly contribute to its promotion. Have been.

Conventionally, in the case of manufacturing an elbow-shaped fluid fitting using, for example, brazing, first, a pipe member and a hollow member, which are components of the elbow-shaped fluid fitting, are connected. Then, a brazing material is placed near one end of the gap between the connected pipe member and the hollow member. After that, the brazing material is melted and the brazing material flows into the gap between the pipe member and the hollow member. As described above, the pipe member and the hollow member were fixed by brazing.

In the above-described method of manufacturing an elbow-shaped fluid fitting, it is desirable that the flow rate of the brazing material to the other end between the gap between the pipe member and the hollow member is, for example, 50% or more. . That is, it has been desired to braze the gap between the pipe member and the hollow member from one end to the other end so that the brazing material can more easily penetrate.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a fixing method which makes it easy to braze a second member to a hole of a first member and makes it easy to perform a visual inspection.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fixing method which makes it easy to braze a pipe material into a hole of a hollow member and makes it easy to perform a visual inspection.

[0011]

The solution of the present invention is a fixing method according to claims 1 to 5.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention relates to a method for fixing various members in various technical fields by brazing.

In a typical example of the present invention, in a method of brazing a second member to a hole of a first member and fixing the second member to a hole of the first member, the second member is placed in the hole of the first member. The first member and the second member are fixed by brazing while the brazing material is melted in a state of contacting the first and second members.

Preferably, a step is provided in the hole of the first member, and a brazing material is disposed in the step, and the brazing material is interposed between the step of the first member and the end of the second member. Scissors.

[0015] Preferably, the first member is a hollow member and the second member is a pipe member.

[0016] The hollow member has an open shape at a first end,
The second end is in a closed shape, an intermediate portion located between the first end and the second end has a hollow, and a first hole exists from the first end to the intermediate portion. Preferably, the second hole is formed in the intermediate portion or a part of the first end, and the first hole and the second hole intersect. Then, in a fixing method including a step of fixing a pipe material to the second hole of the hollow member and forming a through hole by the first hole, the second hole, and the hole of the pipe material, a step is formed in the second hole of the hollow member. In a preferred embodiment, the brazing material is melted, and the hollow member and the pipe material are fixed by brazing in a state where the brazing material is interposed between the step of the hollow member and the end of the pipe material.

The "gap" in the present invention may be such that the molten brazing material can move by capillary action.
Even if there is a contact portion or a close contact portion, a portion where the capillary phenomenon is possible can be said to be a gap.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A method for manufacturing an elbow-shaped fluid fitting which is one of the examples to which the fixing method according to the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
An embodiment will be described. The hollow member shown in FIG. 1 is obtained as follows.

A large number of material pieces are obtained by cutting a solid round bar of a material generally used for a fluid fitting of a hydraulic device into predetermined dimensions. Next, forging is continuously performed on each of the above-mentioned pieces using a cold forging machine such as a five-stage type. In the first and second stages of forging, a preliminary hole is first formed in the axial direction from the end face of the first end to obtain a molded body having one end open. Subsequently, in the second and third stages of forging, a preliminary hole having a smaller diameter than the preliminary hole is formed from the end face of the first end portion to obtain a molded body having a two-stage preliminary hole and one end open. The second end forms the bottom of the preliminary hole and closes one end of the hole.

In the hollow molded body, the preliminary hole formed at the first end has a large inner diameter, and the preliminary hole formed at the intermediate portion has a small inner diameter. The thickness of the intermediate portion is larger than the thickness of the thin portion at the first end.

In the fourth stage of forging, the first end portion (thin portion) of the hollow molded body is subjected to drawing to reduce the inner diameter of the hole to a smaller diameter. As a result, the first end becomes a first end having a small diameter. At this time, the thickness and the inner diameter of the intermediate portion are not substantially changed in plasticity. Therefore, the hollow molded body is
The first end will have a small thickness and a small diameter while the intermediate portion will have the same inner diameter and thickness.

The thickness of the thin first end is set to a value suitable for forming a small diameter portion by drawing. The thickness of the intermediate portion is set to a large value that does not substantially cause plastic deformation when drawing the first end.

Further, the hollow member 30a shown in FIG. 1 is obtained through the following steps.

The second having a diameter K smaller than the inner diameter of the intermediate portion 24
A hole 31 is formed in a part around the intermediate portion 24 so that the first hole 2 is formed.
The first hole 22 and the second hole 31 intersect. A large-diameter stepped portion 33 is formed outside the second hole 31 formed in a part around the intermediate portion 24, and the hollow member 30a shown in FIG. 1 is obtained.

In the hollow member 30a shown in FIG. 1, the inner diameter of the hole 21 formed in the first end 32 after drawing is smaller than the inner diameter of the hole 22 formed in the intermediate portion 24.
In addition, the thickness of the intermediate portion 24 is larger than the thickness of the first end portion 32.

Next, a pipe member 34 is provided on the step 33 of the hollow member.
Is fixed with brazing.

The brazing is performed as follows.

First, the hollow member 30a and the pipe member 34 are washed to remove dirt and the like adhering to the metal surface. Next, the brazing material 70 is placed near the step 33 formed in the cleaned hollow member 30a. Then, the pipe member 34 is connected to the step 33 of the hollow member, and a brazing material is interposed between the step 33 of the hollow member and the end of the pipe member 34. The hollow member 30a with the brazing material 70 interposed therebetween and the pipe material 34 are placed in a reducing atmosphere furnace or a vacuum furnace. In a reducing atmosphere furnace or a vacuum furnace, the vicinity of the step 33 of the hollow member is heated to melt the brazing material 70 while the end of the pipe material 34 is in contact with the brazing material 70. The melted brazing material 70 is connected to the step 3 of the hollow member.
It penetrates by the capillary phenomenon between the small gaps between 3 and the pipe material 34. Here, the size of the gap between the step 33 of the hollow member and the end of the pipe member 34 is set to a value in consideration of the ease of penetration of the brazing material 70 into the gap and the joint strength. For example, the size of the gap between the step 33 of the hollow member and the end of the pipe member 34 is set to within 0.08 mm.

When the brazing material 70 melts, the pipe material 34 falls naturally. Then, the end surface of the pipe member 34 is in close contact with the upper surface of the step portion 33 of the hollow member.

As described above, the brazing material 70 penetrates between the end face of the pipe material 34 and the step 33 of the hollow member by capillary action. The brazing material 70 penetrates between the outer peripheral surface of the pipe material 34 and the step 33 of the hollow member by capillary action. As a result, the end of the pipe member 34 and the step 33 of the hollow member come into close contact with each other. Then, the brazing material 70 rises along the gap between the pipe material 34 and the step 33 of the hollow member, and reaches the outer end of the gap.

After brazing, an elbow-shaped fluid fitting shown in FIG. 2 is obtained.

An elbow-shaped fluid fitting 3 shown in FIG.
0 is a shape in which the first end portion 32 is open, the second end portion 23 is closed, and the intermediate portion 24 located between the first end portion 32 and the second end portion 23 forms the hollow 22. Have. The first holes 21 and 22 formed by cold forging extend from the first end portion 32 to the intermediate portion 2.
4 and are closed at the second end 23. The inner diameter of the intermediate portion 24 is larger than the inner diameter of the first end 32. The second hole 31 having a diameter K smaller than the inner diameter of the intermediate portion 24 is
A pipe member 34 is fixed to the second hole 31 of the intermediate portion 24 by brazing. Then, the first holes 21 and 22, the second holes 31 and the pipe material 34
Through holes 21 and 2 having a substantially L-shaped cross section
2, 31, 35 are formed. In particular, the intermediate part 24
A step 33 having a large diameter is formed outside a second hole 31 formed in a part of the periphery of the pipe, and a pipe member 34 is fixed to the step 33 by brazing.

An elbow-shaped fluid fitting 3 shown in FIG.
0 indicates that the inside diameter of the hollow portion 22 of the intermediate portion 24 is set to be much larger than the inside diameter of the first end portion 32 and the inside diameter K of the second hole 31, and flows through the through holes 21, 22, 31, and 35. The structure is such that the fluid becomes turbulent in the hollow portion 22 of the intermediate portion 24.

The fluid fitting 30 shown in FIG.
Has an elbow shape as a whole, and has substantially L-shaped through holes 21, 22, 31, and 35 therein. The longer first holes 21 and 22 inside the fluid fitting 30 are formed without cutting. That is, it is formed by cold forging. On the other hand, the shorter second hole 31 is formed by an end mill or other cutting. Then, a boundary portion 36 between the cut second hole 31 and the cold-forged first holes 21 and 22 is chamfered so as to be lightly rounded, so that no contaminants will be generated therefrom in the future.

The processing of the second hole 31 may be performed by cutting such as an end mill. Since the distance of the second hole 31 may be very short, it is easy to process the second hole 31 so as not to cause contamination. For example, the length of the second hole 31 is 2 mm
Within.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 3 shows a hollow member and a pipe member formed by a number of cold continuous forgings including substantially the same steps as in the first embodiment, although the size and shape of the die used are different. I have.

In the hollow member 50a shown in FIG. 3, after drawing, the first end portion 52 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the tip end portion 55 has a tapered shape. The hole 51 formed in the first end 52 has a small inner diameter, and the hole 53 formed in the intermediate portion 54 has an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the hole 51. The second end portion 56 and the intermediate portion 54 have a shape that is substantially similar in appearance to a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole. And the intermediate part 54
Has a thickness that is substantially the same as the thickness of the first end portion 52 and a portion that is larger than that.

In the hollow member 50a shown in FIG.
4, a second hole 57 having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the first hole 51,5 is formed in the thickest portion 54a around the intermediate portion 54.
3 and the second hole 57 intersect. A large-diameter stepped portion 58 is formed outside a second hole 57 formed in a part 54a around the intermediate portion 54, and a pipe material 59 is fixed to the stepped portion 58 by brazing.

The brazing is performed as follows.

First, the hollow member 50a and the pipe material 59 are washed to remove dirt and the like adhering to the metal surface. Next, the brazing material 80 is placed near the step 58 formed in the cleaned hollow member 50a. The pipe member 59 is connected to the step 58 of the hollow member, and the brazing material 80 is interposed between the step 58 of the hollow member and the end of the pipe member 59. Brazing material 80
Is placed in a reducing atmosphere furnace or a vacuum furnace. In a reducing atmosphere furnace or a vacuum furnace, with the end of the pipe material 59 in contact with the brazing material 80, the vicinity of the step 58 of the hollow member is heated to form a brazing material 8.
0 is melted. The molten brazing material 80 penetrates by a capillary phenomenon in a minute gap between the step 58 of the hollow member and the end of the pipe material 59. Here, the size of the gap between the step 58 of the hollow member and the end of the pipe material 59 is set to a value in consideration of the ease of penetration of the brazing material 80 into the gap and the joint strength. For example, the size of the gap between the step 58 of the hollow member and the end of the pipe material 59 is within 0.08 mm.

When the brazing material 80 is melted, the pipe material 59 falls naturally. Then, the end surface of the pipe member 59 is in close contact with the upper surface of the step portion 58 of the hollow member.

As described above, the brazing material 80 penetrates between the end face of the pipe material 59 and the step 58 of the hollow member by capillary action. The brazing material 80 penetrates between the outer peripheral surface of the pipe material 59 and the step 58 of the hollow member by capillary action. As a result, the end of the pipe member 59 and the step 58 of the hollow member come into close contact with each other. Then, the brazing material 80 rises along the gap between the pipe material 59 and the step 58 of the hollow member, and leaks out of the gap.

After brazing, an elbow-shaped fluid fitting shown in FIG. 4 is obtained.

The elbow-shaped fluid fitting 5 shown in FIG.
0 is a shape in which the first end 52 is open and the second end 56 is closed, and the intermediate portion 54 located between the first end 52 and the second end 56 defines the hollow 53. Have. The first holes 51 and 53 formed by cold forging extend from the first end 52 to the middle 5.
4 and is closed at the second end 56. The inner diameter of the intermediate portion 54 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the first end 52. A second hole 57 having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the intermediate portion 54 is formed in a part of the periphery of the intermediate portion 54, and
The pipe member 59 is fixed to the second hole 57 of the fourth member by brazing. The diameter of the hole 60 of the pipe material 59 is the same as the diameter of the second hole 57. In FIG. 4, the diameter K of the second hole 57 and the inner diameter of the first end 52 are the same, but they may be different. The first holes 51, 53, the second holes 57, and the holes 60 of the pipe material 59 are used to form through holes 51, 53,
57 and 60 are formed. In particular, a step portion 58 having a large diameter is formed outside a second hole 57 formed in a part 54 a around the intermediate portion 54, and a pipe material 59 is fixed to the step portion 58 by brazing. I have.

The elbow-shaped fluid fitting 5 shown in FIG.
0 indicates that the inner diameter of the hollow 53 of the intermediate portion 54 is not set so much larger than the inner diameter of the first end portion 52 or the inner diameter of the second hole 57, and the fluid flowing through the through holes 51, 53, 57, 60 Are not turbulent due to the hollow 53 of the intermediate portion 54.

The fluid fitting 50 shown in FIG.
Has an elbow shape as a whole, and has substantially L-shaped through holes 21, 22, 31, and 35 therein. The longer first holes 51 and 53 inside the fluid fitting 50 are formed without cutting, that is, by cold forging. On the other hand, the shorter second hole 57 is formed by an end mill or other cutting. Then, the boundary portion 61 between the cut second hole 57 and the cold forged first holes 51 and 53 is chamfered so as to be lightly rounded so that no contamination will be generated in the future. The processing of the second hole 57 may be performed by cutting such as an end mill. Since the distance of the second hole 57 may be very short, it is easy to process the second hole 57 so as not to cause contamination. For example, the length of the second hole 57 can be within 2 mm.

In the first and second embodiments, the first hole and the hole of the pipe member have a mirror surface or a state close to the mirror surface, and the second hole is formed by a brazing surface made of a copper material.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a method of fixing a first member and a second member by brazing according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The first member 90 and the second member 100 of the present embodiment
Is fixed in the following manner.

First, the first member 90 and the second member 100 are washed to remove dirt and the like adhering to the member surface. Then, the brazing material 110 is placed in the hole 90 a of the first member 90. Furthermore, the hole 9 of the first member 90 is sandwiched between the brazing materials 110.
The first member 100 is inserted into Oa, and the first member 90 and the second member 100 are connected. The second member is brought into contact with the brazing material 110.

Next, the first member 90 and the second member 100 sandwiching the brazing material 110 are placed in a reducing atmosphere furnace or a vacuum furnace, and the first member 90 and the second member 100 are heated.
By heating the first member 90 and the second member 100, the brazing material 110 sandwiched between the first member 90 and the second member 100 is melted. The melted brazing material 110 penetrates into the gap between the first member 90 and the second member 100. Part of the brazing material 110 penetrates into the gap between the first member 90 and the second member 100 and rises in the gap to reach the outer end of the gap.

On the other hand, when the brazing material 110 melts, the second member 100 falls naturally and the end face of the second member 100
It is in close contact with the bottom surface of the hole of the member 90.

As described above, the brazing material is sufficiently penetrated between the first member 90 and the second member 100,
0 and the second member 100 are fixed with a brazing material.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The brazing material is not limited to a copper material, but may be another brazing material such as a silver material.

Although the dimensions of the brazing material are exaggerated in the figure for easy viewing, the actual amount of brazing material may be arranged.

[0058]

According to the present invention, the brazing material is arranged in the hole of the first member, the brazing material is interposed between the second member and the first member, and the second member and the first member are connected. Since the brazing is performed in a state in which the brazing material is in contact with the brazing material, the brazing material easily penetrates into a gap in a connection portion between the second member and the first member. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the situation where the brazing material is insufficiently penetrated in the gap at the connection portion between the second member and the first member, and it is possible to reduce the defective rate of the product.

Further, according to the present invention, at the time of brazing, the brazing material rises along the gap at the connection portion between the second member and the first member. If it is confirmed that the brazing material has reached one end of the gap, it can be used as one criterion for checking how much the brazing material has penetrated into the gap. Then, it is possible to easily perform a visual inspection of how much the brazing material has penetrated into the gap between the second member and the first member. For example, when the first member is a hollow member and the second member is a pipe material, conventionally, a brazing material flows from one end (outside) of a gap between the pipe material and the hollow member, and the other end (inside) of the gap. The visual inspection of how much brazing material was flowing through the hole in the pipe material using a fiberscope. However, in the case of the present invention, the brazing material is melted by sandwiching the brazing material between the pipe material and the hollow member, and a part of the melted brazing material reaches one end (outside) of the gap between the pipe material and the hollow member. It is possible to inspect how much the brazing material that has reached one end of the gap has penetrated from outside the pipe material and the hollow member. In other words, it is possible to directly check with the naked eye without using a fiberscope.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a method of fixing a hollow member and a pipe member by brazing according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing an elbow-shaped fluid fitting according to the fixing method of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a method of fixing a hollow member and a pipe member by brazing according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing an elbow-shaped fluid fitting according to a fixing method of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a method of fixing a first member and a second member by brazing according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 End surface 12 End surface 21, 22 1st hole 23 2nd end 24 Intermediate part 30a Hollow member 30 Elbow type fluid fitting 31 2nd hole 32 1st end 33 Large diameter step part 34 Pipe material 35 Hole 36 Boundary part 50a hollow member 50 elbow-shaped fluid fitting 51 hole 52 first end 53 hole 54 middle part 55 tip end 56 second end 57 second hole 58 step 59 pipe material 60 hole 61 boundary portion 90 first member 100 first 2 members 110 brazing material

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A method of fixing a second member to a hole of a first member by brazing, wherein a brazing material is disposed in the hole of the first member, and the second member is brought into contact with the brazing material. A fixing method, comprising melting a material and fixing the first member and the second member by brazing. 2. A step is provided in a hole of a first member, and a brazing material is disposed at the step, and the brazing material is inserted between the step of the first member and an end of the second member. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein
The fixing method described in 1. 3. A method of brazing a pipe material into a hole of a hollow member and fixing the brazing material in the hole of the hollow member, and melting the brazing material while the pipe material is in contact with the brazing material. And fixing the hollow member and the pipe member by brazing. 4. A step is provided in a hole of a hollow member, a brazing material is arranged at the step, and a brazing material is inserted between the step of the hollow member and an end of a pipe material. Claim 3
The fixing method described in 1. 5. A first end having an open shape, a second end having a closed shape, an intermediate portion located between the first end and the second end having a hollow, One hole is present from the first end to the middle part, a second hole is formed in the middle part or a part of the first end, and the first and second holes intersect with each other. 2
In a fixing method including a step of fixing a pipe material to a hole and forming a through hole by the first hole, the second hole, and the hole of the pipe material, a step is formed in a second hole of the hollow member, With the brazing material interposed between the step and the end of the pipe material,
A fixing method comprising melting a brazing material and fixing the hollow member and the pipe material by brazing.