JP2001076851A - Heating device and usage thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide high heating efficiency by obtaining a high temperature in a short time after carrying small electric power by providing a first heating element arranged in an unoxidized state and composed of carbon fiber connectable to an external power source and a linear or sheet-like second heating element arranged on this outer periphery. SOLUTION: Activated carbon fiber having a large number of micropores is desirably intertwisted on a surface to be formed in a bar shape, a first heating element 2 for installing electrodes 7 on both ends is arranged in the center, and this is deisrably housed in a heat resistant material 3 capable of passing an infrared ray, for example, a quartz glass tube to be constituted in an unoxidized state of being cut off from the atmosphere. A second heating element 4 is formed by winding, for example, a coil-shaped nichrome wire on the outer periphery of the heat resistant matertial 3. Far infrared radiation radiated from a surface of the first heating element 2 excites an energy level possessed by the second heating element 4 by carrying an electric current to the first heating element 2 via the electrodes 7 from an external power source. A large quantity of heat-rays are radiated from both heating elements 2, 4 to quickly turn an ambinent atmosphere into a high temperature area.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heating apparatus and a method of using the same, and more particularly, to a heating apparatus capable of heating to a high temperature in a short time by utilizing the characteristics of activated carbon fibers and a method of using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hitherto, heating elements using carbon fibers have been developed because of their convenience because they have a large heating surface area, a high heating efficiency, are lightweight, and can be formed into various shapes. I have. For example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-4409
The heating element described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 0 has carbon fibers arranged substantially in parallel, and the surface thereof is coated with a resin heat-resistant fiber, and further coated with a resin. It is used for a heat generating device that melts snow while heating to about 70 ° C.

[0003] Alternatively, in the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-55877, a high-strength heater is obtained by coating the surface of a carbon fiber with a ceramic, and electrodes are provided at both ends thereof to be used as an electric heater. Things.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned prior art using carbon fiber as a heating element is used as a relatively low-temperature heating device, or consumes a large amount of electric power to be used as a high-temperature heating element. It was just something to do. Heretofore, there has been no heat generating device using carbon fiber having high thermal efficiency such that power consumption is low and a high temperature can be obtained in a short time after energization.

In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to utilize a characteristic of a heating element made of carbon fiber to obtain a high efficiency in which a high temperature can be obtained in a short time after a small amount of power is supplied. An object of the present invention is to provide a heating device and a method of using the same.

[0006]

The above object is achieved by the invention described in each claim. That is, the characteristic configuration of the heat generating device according to the present invention includes a first heat generating element made of carbon fiber connectable to an external power supply and arranged in a non-oxidized state;
A linear or planar second heating element is provided on the outer periphery of the first heating element.

[0007] According to this structure, the radiation of infrared rays, particularly long-wavelength far-infrared rays, from the first heating element increases with heating by supplying electricity to the first heating element from an external power supply,
The second heating element disposed on the outer periphery of the first heating element is heated and quickly changes to a red heat state, so that the first and second heating elements can emit strong heat. Although this phenomenon itself has not yet been completely elucidated, strong radiant heat due to long-wavelength infrared rays radiated from carbon fibers of the first heating element promotes heating of the second heating element, thereby causing the second heating element to glow red. Then, it is considered that infrared rays are also emitted from the red-heated second heating element, and a high temperature can be obtained in a short time due to the mutual resonance (resonance) of the two. In addition, since only the first heating element is energized, power consumption is low, and a high temperature can be obtained in a short time in combination with the heating with the second heating element, so that a heating device with high thermal efficiency can be provided.

A fluid passage is arranged in close proximity to the first and second heating elements, and when a fluid such as water flows through the passage, a high-temperature fluid (hot water or high-temperature steam) can be obtained in a short time. Is obtained. In this case, the fluid passage may be arranged inside the second heating element (between the first heating element and the second heating element) or outside.

It is preferable that the carbon fiber is formed of a long activated carbon fiber having a large number of micropores formed on a surface thereof, and the second heating element on the outer periphery is made of a heat-resistant metal.

According to this structure, the interaction and interference of infrared rays radiated in a random direction from the surface of a large number of micropores formed on the carbon fiber as the heating element are increased, and in particular, a large amount of far infrared rays having a long wavelength is produced. , And can be efficiently radiated. Moreover, since the second heating element on the outer periphery of the first heating element made of carbon fiber is made of a heat-resistant metal, it tends to be in a red-hot state due to the heating. Is convenient. Examples of the heat-resistant metal include nichrome, Kanthal (trade name) heating element, tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, alloys thereof, and other heat-resistant materials. In this case, when a metal that promotes high-temperature oxidation such as tungsten or molybdenum is used, the surface is coated with a ceramic or the like, or is placed in a pipe that is depressurized and cut off from the atmosphere. . In addition, the above-mentioned metal includes metal simple substance,
It is used as a concept that includes not only alloys but also compounds with nonmetals or semimetals. In addition, "long" is used as a general term for a shape whose length is long with respect to its thickness.
It is used as a concept including a polygonal rod shape.

Preferably, the second heating element is arranged in a non-oxidized state.

According to this configuration, it is possible to reliably prevent the second heating element from being oxidized, and it is convenient to increase the durability of the entire apparatus.

It is preferable that the non-oxidized state is a reduced pressure state formed in a space sealed with a heat-resistant material that can transmit infrared rays.

According to this configuration, since the existing technology can be used, the operation is easy and the processing cost is not increased, which is convenient. As a heat-resistant material that can transmit infrared rays, for example, when a quartz tube or the like is used, it is easy to achieve a reduced pressure state by a vacuum pump or the like, and it is easy to seal,
In addition, the reduced pressure after sealing can be maintained for a long time, which is convenient.

Further, the characteristic structure of the method of using the heat generating device according to the present invention is as follows.
Heating appliances, cooking appliances, heating furnaces, thermal fluid generators,
It is to be used as a heat source of any one of the steam generators.

According to this configuration, since a heating device capable of reaching a high temperature in a short time is used, remarkable energy saving can be achieved, which is convenient. When the heat generating device of the present invention is used for a thermal fluid generating device or a steam generating device, water or other fluid may be used as a heat medium, and the fluid may be caused to flow in the vicinity of a heating element constituting the heat generating device. .

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic vertical cross-sectional structure of a heating device 1 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional structure taken along line II-II of FIG. The structure of this heating device 1 is such that activated carbon fibers having a large number of micropores on the surface are arranged around a first heating element 2 formed into a rod shape by twisting the first heating element 2, and the first heating element 2 is depressurized quartz glass. It is housed in a tube 3 and is in a non-oxidized state in which it is isolated from the atmosphere. The first heating element 2 has electrodes 7 attached to both ends thereof,
The electrode 7 is connected to an external AC power supply and is configured to be able to conduct electricity to the first heating element 2.

The quartz glass tube 3 is capable of transmitting infrared rays emitted from the first heating element 2 when energized, and the inside thereof is decompressed to maintain a non-oxidized state. Therefore, the quartz glass tube 3 is made of a heat-resistant material that can transmit infrared rays.

The second heating element 4 is made of a coiled nichrome wire having a diameter of 1 mm, and is wound around the outer periphery of the quartz glass tube 3. Unlike the first heating element, the second heating element 4 is not connected to an external power supply. However, the first
When the heating element 2 is energized, the second heating element 4 generates heat, and becomes red with time to exhibit its function as a heating element. That is, the activated carbon fibers of the first heating element 2 have an extremely large surface area and emit a large amount of so-called far infrared rays having a wavelength of 25 μm or more. Far infrared rays emitted from the surface of the second heating element excite the energy level of the second heating element, and the second heating element glows red. A large amount of heat rays are radiated from these two heating elements 2 and 4 to the outside, and the surrounding atmosphere can be quickly brought to a high temperature range.

Incidentally, as the first heating element and the second heating element become red and become high in temperature, the input power to the first heating element is reduced, whereby the adjustment control becomes possible. A control means for automatically performing such power control may be connected to maintain a predetermined state.

The activated carbon fibers having a large number of micropores on the surface used in the present embodiment are, for example, fibers of cellulose type, phenol type, aramid type or the like as raw material fibers, and are used in a vacuum atmosphere at 1000 ° C. or higher, preferably at 1000 ° C. or higher. 1250
It is manufactured by heating to about ° C. The carbon fiber manufactured in this way has a large number of micropores having a diameter of several μm to 1 μm or less and a length of about several μm formed on the surface thereof. This is a preferred form of the heating element.

The heating device can be used as a heat source for a heating appliance, a cooking appliance, and various heating furnaces. By using the heating device, it is possible to obtain a high temperature in a short time as compared with conventional similar appliances and devices. And remarkable energy saving can be achieved.

[0023]

Next, a description will be given of a result of mounting the heating device 1 shown in FIG. 1 on an electric stove which is an indoor heating appliance.
An electric stove in which two heating devices shown in FIG. 1 are connected in series is connected to a 6-tatami room (room with a ceiling height of about 3.5) at a room temperature of 10 ° C.
m) using a 100V AC power supply
A current of 2.5 A was passed. A few minutes after energizing the first heating element, the nichrome wire used as the second heating element began to glow red and reached 800 to 900 ° C. The thermometer is placed 1 m away from the side of the electric stove and 1 m above the tatami mat. As a result, the temperature reached 20 ° C. in about 20 minutes. At that time, the room temperature variation was small, and reached approximately 20 ° C. almost uniformly.

It took about 40 minutes to increase the temperature of the same room from 10 ° C. to 20 ° C. using a commercially available 800 W electric stove. Moreover, the temperature variation in the room is large and the temperature on the front side of the electric stove increases relatively quickly, but it takes a longer time to reach 20 ° C. on the rear side.

[Other Embodiments] (1) In the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the first and second heating elements are used as heat sources. May be provided in close proximity to a heating fluid such as hot water or steam. In that case, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, between the first and second heating elements 2 and 4
A pipe 6 as an example of a plurality of fluid passages is arranged, and water is supplied to a fluid carry-in port of the pipe 6 at a predetermined flow rate by an external water supply pump (not shown). . When a small-scale water supply is sufficient as in a home device, a water supply pump can be omitted by using a faucet of a water supply pipe.

The water supply side and the water discharge side of the pipe 6 are connected to hoses and other pipes (not shown), respectively. When energization is started and the water temperature on the discharge side becomes high, hot water or heat It can be used as water, and if it is turned into steam, it can be used for steam heating or other steam-using equipment. Needless to say, the shape, dimensions, quantity, material, etc. of the piping can be appropriately changed according to the purpose.

Like the first heating element, the second heating element 4 is sealed under reduced pressure (non-oxidized state) in a quartz tube 5 made of a heat-resistant material that can transmit infrared rays. By doing so, the durability of the second heating element can be improved. Both ends of the nichrome wire constituting the second heating element 4 are grounded. By doing so, the second
The heating element 4 reaches the red heat state in a shorter time.

(2) In the above embodiment, the coil-shaped Ni-Cr-based alloy Nichrome wire is used as the second heating element, but a Kanthal heating element (trade name) having high temperature heat resistance is used. You may. The Kanthal heating element has a linear or rod shape and is made of an Fe-Cr-Al alloy. Further, a Kanthal super heating element (trade name) containing MoSi ₂ as a main component, which is a higher temperature heating element, may be used.

Further, the shape of the second heating element is not limited to a coil shape, but may be formed in a planar shape or a rod shape.

(3) In the above-described embodiment, the first heating element made of activated carbon fiber is sealed in a quartz glass tube in a decompressed state (after evacuating with a vacuum pump, the quartz glass tube is sealed).
Instead, the surface of the heating element may be covered with heat-resistant ceramic (alumina, silicon nitride, zirconium oxide, etc.) particles to achieve the non-oxidized state. Further, the entire heating device may be used in a non-oxidized state, for example, placed in a vacuum chamber.

(4) As a mode of use of the present heat generating device, an example of the steam generating device has been described in the above embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the use but can be widely applied. For example, if air is used as a fluid, it can be used for a heating hot air generator for heating air and discharging hot air, a dryer or a hot air dryer for various industries, an air circulation furnace, and various heat exchangers. It can be used for seawater desalination equipment, various heating furnaces, and other various industrial heating apparatuses.

(5) The external power supply connected to the first heating element of the present invention is not limited to the AC power supply, but may be a DC power supply such as a battery.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a heating device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a heating device according to another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heating device 2 1st heating element 3 Heat resistant material 4 2nd heating element 6 Fluid passage

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3K092 PP03 PP06 PP11 PP20 QA02 QB02 QB16 QB24 QB27 RA03 RD11 SS32 SS33 TT01 UB01 VV16 VV40

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A first heating element made of carbon fiber connectable to an external power supply and arranged in a non-oxidized state, and a linear or planar second heating element arranged on the outer periphery of the first heating element. A heating device comprising a body. 2. The carbon fiber comprises a long activated carbon fiber having a plurality of micropores formed on a surface thereof,
2. The heat generating element according to claim 1, wherein said second heating element on the outer periphery is made of heat-resistant metal.
Heating device. 3. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the second heating element is arranged in a non-oxidized state. 4. The heat generating device according to claim 1, wherein the non-oxidized state is a reduced pressure state formed in a space sealed with a heat-resistant material that can transmit infrared rays. 5. The heat generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a fluid passage can be formed close to said first heat generating element and said second heat generating element disposed on the outer periphery thereof. 6. A heat generating device using the heat generating device according to claim 1 as a heat source of any one of a heating appliance, a cooking heating appliance, a heating furnace, a thermal fluid generator, and a steam generator. how to use.