JP2001066009A - Method for renewing absorption chiller and heater installed in existing building and renewed absorption chiller and heater - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To construct a lithium bromide absorption chiller and heater which can be divided into blocks of such shape and dimensions as can be contained in the cage of an elevator and can be coupled quickly and easily through piping by improving the basic structure thereof. SOLUTION: Assuming the cooling capacity (target value) after renewal is S (unit RT), two absorption chiller and heaters A and B having cooling capacity of S/2 (unit RT) are constructed. Heat transfer pipelines 12A, 12B of the evaporators 4A, 4B in the absorption chiller and heaters A, B are coupled in parallel and further coupled with an existing cooling and heating load unit (fan coil unit 21) through a hot and chilled water circulation pump 20.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater, and more particularly to an absorption chiller / heater suitable for construction in an existing building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater is a heat cycle device using water as a refrigerant and lithium bromide as an absorbent, and absorbs and generates latent heat mainly due to evaporation, vaporization and condensation of water. It is used for cooling, heating and others. By using the same mechanical equipment and switching the flow path of the heat transfer medium, a cooling function or a heating function can be exhibited. The present invention provides a
A chiller / heater configured for warming is intended for application. However, even a device designed and manufactured exclusively for cooling without using a heating function belongs to the technical scope of the present invention. . The lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater uses a valve to switch the flow path of the heat transfer medium (liquid, gaseous water, and aqueous lithium bromide solution) without modifying the main components, piping, and wiring. , A warm switching operation is possible.

[0003] Therefore, in the construction of a lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater, it is not so conscious that the equipment is used for cooling or heating. Therefore, in the present invention, the operation of each component device of the absorption chiller / heater will mainly be described during the cooling operation. For example: When the absorption type chiller / heater operates for cooling (cooling), the chilled water is further cooled and circulated to the cold load device, and the cold water returned by removing heat from the cold load device is further cooled again. And then continuously repeats the process. In addition, when the absorption chiller / heater operates for heating (heating), the hot water is further heated and circulated to the heat load device. Here, the flow path of the hot water (especially, the heat transfer tube passed through the absorption chiller / heater) is the same equipment as in the cooling operation. The warm water returned from the heat load device is further heated and sent out again to the heat load device. In view of these effects, the cold water and the hot water in the absorption chiller / heater are collectively referred to as “cold / hot water”. However, in the present invention, the function of cooling the cold / hot water will be mainly described, and when it is not confusing, this function is abbreviated as “cold water”. The word "cooling water" is also used separately from "cold water". This is always cooled by, for example, a cooling tower (not used during heating), and serves only as a cooling function, such as depriving liquefied latent heat from water vapor as a refrigerant and condensing it, or taking away the heat of absorption of water by lithium bromide. I am carrying it.

FIG. 5 is a schematic piping diagram showing a conventional example of a lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater, showing a state in which two cold / hot switching flights are closed to perform a cooling (cooling) operation. The liquid water (refrigerant liquid) is spotted, the concentrated aqueous lithium bromide solution is cross-hatched, and the dilute aqueous lithium bromide solution is hatched in parallel. The high-temperature regenerator 1 is provided with a heating source, and heats an aqueous solution of lithium bromide to generate steam. In this example, the burner 1a is provided as the above-mentioned heating source, but there is also a type provided with a steam pipe (a heat transfer pipe through which superheated steam flows) instead of the burner. Although an electric heater may be used simply considering the theory of the cooling / heating function, as a practical matter, a method of heating with an electric heater has not been adopted due to energy cost. The aqueous lithium bromide solution that has generated steam as described above is boiled down to a concentrated aqueous lithium bromide solution. The following operation can be considered in two cycles. That is, the generated steam is condensed and liquefied,
It is depressurized and evaporated, and at this time, it takes away the heat of evaporation to perform the core part of the cooling (cooling) action. This operation will be described in detail below, but the cooling cycle does not rotate only by the evaporation of water (refrigerant) → condensation → evaporation. The reason is,
This is because the concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide boiled down in the high-temperature regenerator 1 cannot generate steam even if heating is further continued. For this reason, another cycle must be carried out in parallel with the concentrated aqueous lithium bromide solution for re-containing water and restoring "a state in which steam can be generated by heating".

First, the refrigerant vapor (steam) generated in the high-temperature regenerator 1 is traced, and flows into the condenser 3 (arrow b) via the low-temperature regenerator 2 (arrow a). At this time, since the cold / hot switching valve V1 is closed, it does not flow into the evaporator 4. The low-temperature regenerator 2 is provided to increase the thermal efficiency of the absorption chiller / heater, and details of its operation will be described later. A heat transfer tube 11 is provided in the condenser 3, and cooling water flows as shown by arrows c and d. The water vapor in contact with the heat transfer tube 11 is deprived of the latent heat of liquefaction and condensed and liquefied, and liquid water accumulates at the bottom of the condenser 3. The water collected at the bottom of the condenser 3 flows into the top of the evaporator 4 (arrow e) and is sprayed.

[0006] Evaporation evaporates into steam. The water (speckles) remaining at the bottom of the evaporator 4 without being completely evaporated is pumped up by the refrigerant pump 7 and sprayed on the top of the evaporator 4 to be evaporated. A heat transfer tube 12 is provided in the evaporator 4. In the heat transfer tube 12, return cold / hot water (in this case, cold water) 5 from a cooling load (not shown) flows. This cold water is cooled by deprived of the latent heat of vaporization by the evaporated water vapor, and is sent as colder cold water 6 to a cold load (not shown). The refrigerant (water) that has performed the core function of cooling the cold water as described above flows to the absorber 8 as shown by the arrow f, where it is absorbed by lithium bromide and disappears as steam. .

On the other hand, refrigerant vapor (water vapor)
The concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide (cross-hatched, checkerboard pattern) boiled down by the generation of is supplied to the absorber 8 via the heat exchanger 10 and sprayed on the top space thereof (arrow g). This lithium bromide has a significant deliquescence (the property of absorbing water vapor) and absorbs the water vapor generated in the evaporator 4. Absorber 8 by absorbing water vapor
Since the pressure in the evaporator 4 is reduced, the water vapor in the evaporator 4 is caused to flow in the direction indicated by the arrow f. ) Is promoted. Thus, absorbing the water vapor in the absorber 8 communicated with the evaporator 4 with the concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide and depressurizing the inside of the vessel is the core of evaporating water and cooling cold water. It strongly backs up the action. However, not only that, the concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide (cross-hatching), which has absorbed water vapor, is diluted to contain water and returns to a dilute aqueous solution of lithium lithium bromide (parallel diagonal lines). It is of great significance to be restored to a “state that can be crushed”. This establishes a cycle. As described above, the cycle in which the water as the refrigerant changes as "liquid water → steam → liquid water → steam", and the aqueous lithium bromide solution becomes “concentrated aqueous solution → dilute aqueous solution → concentrated aqueous solution → dilute aqueous solution”
Cooling (cooling) by repeating two cycles with a cycle that changes like
Function is exhibited.

[0008] As ancillary to the above two main cycles, there is a next sub-cycle provided for improving thermal efficiency. That is, in the heat exchanger 10, the lower left portion schematically depicted is a flow path of the fluid to be heated,
The upper right part is the flow path of the heating-side fluid. The high temperature regenerator 1
Since the concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by heating in the burner 1a is at a high temperature, it is used as a fluid on the heating side. And, as described above, the dilute aqueous solution of lithium bromide (parallel oblique lines) generated in the absorber 8 is connected to the heat transfer tube 1.
The cooling water in 3 deprives the heat of absorption and lowers the temperature. However, since it is necessary to be heated again to generate steam, it is guided to the heated side of the heat exchanger 10 and preheated. . As described above, the flow path of the dilute lithium bromide aqueous solution flowing in the heat transfer tube of the heat exchanger 10 is branched, and the dilute lithium bromide aqueous solution flowing through all the flow paths is sent to the high-temperature regenerator 1 (arrow h). The dilute aqueous solution of lithium bromide that is branched on the way is sent to the low-temperature regenerator 2 (arrow i).
Is done. Since the high-temperature steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator 1 flows through the heat transfer tube 14 of the low-temperature regenerator 2, the dilute aqueous solution of lithium bromide sent as shown by the arrow i is heated to form a refrigerant vapor. (Water vapor). The generated steam flows into the condenser 3 as indicated by an arrow j, and joins with the steam (arrow b) generated by the high-temperature regenerator 1 to be condensed and liquefied (joined to the water / steam main cycle described above). Link).

Since the steam flowing in the heat transfer tube 14 heats the dilute aqueous solution of lithium bromide sent to the low-temperature regenerator 2 as described above, the high-temperature steam in the heat transfer tube 14 is cooled. Since this high-temperature steam is to be cooled and condensed and liquefied in the condenser 3 in the next step, it is necessary to lower the temperature in the heat transfer tube 14 of the low-temperature regenerator 2 in advance from the viewpoint of thermal economy. However, it is also advantageous in terms of improving cooling efficiency.

If the cooling operation of the absorption chiller / heater described above with reference to FIG. 5 is viewed macroscopically as a heat flow, the cooling effect is returned by the temperature difference between the high-temperature burner 1a and the low-temperature cooling water (arrows c and d). It can be said that a temperature difference is generated between the hot water 5 and the supply / cooling hot water 6.

As can be inferred from the above-described functions and effects,
The heat transfer medium circulation flow path in which the water / steam circulation flow path and the lithium bromide aqueous solution circulation flow path are linked must form a closed system completely shielded from the atmosphere. In order to complete the above-mentioned airtightness, the main components are designed and manufactured in the following four blocks and connected to each other by piping. That is, (a) the low-temperature regenerator 2 and the condenser 3 which are connected by mutually communicating the inside of the vessel. (B) The evaporator 4 which is connected with the inside of the vessel by communicating with each other.
And absorber 8. (C) A high-temperature regenerator 1 provided with a heating means. (D) Heat exchanger 10 for a concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide and a dilute aqueous solution thereof. These four blocks are connected to each other by pipes. However, since strict airtightness must be ensured, pipes are generally connected to each other by welding without using a joint member.

[0012]

When installing a lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater for cooling and heating a building, it is often the case that a machine room installed on a basement or a rooftop has
The components shown in FIG. 5 are installed. Specifically, the above-described four blocks are installed, and these are connected by piping to construct an absorption chiller / heater. In this case, the construction of the building and the installation of the absorption chiller / heater are performed in parallel, and strictly speaking, the installation of the absorption chiller / heater is slightly advanced. That is,
Before the building is completed, the components of the absorption chiller / heater will be installed. Therefore, the loading of large heavy equipment can be performed without any particular difficulty by using a crane or the like. However, after the lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater has been installed, if it is operated for a long period of time (for example, over ten years), the abrasion progresses and renewal is required. Considering the reasons for the need for updating, α. Corrosion of heat transfer tube, β. Channel blockage due to accumulation of oxidation products on the surface that contacts the aqueous solution of lithium bromide, γ. Poor flow of the solution circulation system due to the same as above, δ. Thinning due to corrosion of steel members ε. Degradation of heat transfer performance due to scale adhesion on the inner surface of the heat transfer tube. However, the improvement in the performance of the recent absorption chiller / heater cannot be overlooked in comparison with the wear and tear.

[0013] Therefore, when an existing absorption chiller / heater is to be renewed, the components of the absorption chiller / heater manufactured in a specialized production factory are carried into a machine room of an existing building or a machine yard on the roof. Face the problem of not being able to.

That is, even if each component is divided into blocks in a state in which the piping member is removed from the configuration shown in FIG. 5, most of the divided blocks are mostly at the entrance of an existing building, an elevator, I can't go up the stairs. In this case, the biggest difficulty is not to enter the elevator car. For the elevators of the domestic standard, the relationship between the number of persons and the standard size in the cage (unit: millimeters) can be summarized as follows: Capacity entrance / exit width Ceiling height Maximum depth 11 800 2100 1430 15 900 2100 1580 On the other hand, absorption chiller / heater Although the dimensional standard of each block device that constitutes the above is not fixed, the absorption chiller / heater having the cooling capacity of 300RT class or more can be put into the elevator even if it is divided into blocks, when comparing the above-mentioned elevator internal volumes. I can't. If unavoidably breaking the walls and floor of an existing building and bringing in a block device of an absorption chiller / heater, it will require enormous costs for destruction and repair, and the construction period will be long.
In addition, it causes a great deal of inconvenience to residents of the building during the construction period. If the building is an office building or a manufacturing factory, the work of the building user must be interrupted during the construction period, so that there are many economic losses.
Furthermore, when the building is a multi-family house, the inconvenience received by residents is incalculable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and is directed to an operation of a lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater having a cooling capacity large enough to fit in an elevator even when divided into block devices. Without changing the principle
It is an object of the present invention to improve the basic configuration and the method of connecting pipes, to make it possible to carry the building into the building by an elevator, and to reduce the cost of replacement equipment. This allows
Along with the replacement of the absorption chiller / heater that has been operating for a long period of time, it is possible to greatly reduce the incidental construction costs (loading-related costs) and shorten the construction period. In addition, as for the removal of the existing absorption chiller / heater (obsolete machine), the use of the elevator can be easily performed because the fusing division can be freely applied.

[0016]

The basic principle of the present invention created to achieve the above object will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 1 corresponding to the embodiment. In other words, the basic configuration of the lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater can be improved so that it can be divided into block devices having a shape and size that can be put in an elevator cage, and each component block device can be connected quickly and easily with piping. In order to be able to renew the lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater, the cooling capacity (target value) after renewal is set to S (unit RT), and two absorption units corresponding to the cooling capacity S / 2 (unit RT) are used. The cooling water heaters A and B are constituted, and the heat transfer tubes 12A provided in the evaporators 4A and 4B of the respective absorption water cooling water heaters.
The evaporator heat transfer tubes 12A and 12B are connected to an existing cooling load device (fan coil unit 21) via a cold / hot water circulation pump 20 by disposing the evaporator heat transfer tubes 12A and 12B in parallel with each other.

Based on the principle described above, the construction of the method according to the first aspect of the present invention is to absorb the rated cooling capacity S (unit RT) installed in the building or on the roof of the building. A high-temperature regenerator that heats an aqueous solution of lithium bromide to generate a vapor of water as a refrigerant, and a high-temperature steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator as a heat source. The other part is heated to generate steam, and a low-temperature regenerator for lowering the temperature of the steam used as the heat source, and the steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator and the low-temperature regenerator are cooled by cooling water to be liquefied. A condenser, an evaporator for removing the heat of evaporation from the cold water by evaporating the liquid water generated in the condenser under reduced pressure and an evaporator for removing the heat of evaporation from the cold water. An absorbent that promotes evaporation of water in the evaporator by reducing the pressure in the vessel connected to the evaporator by absorbing the solution into the formed concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide. A heat exchanger for heating a dilute aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerator using a high-temperature concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide. In the method of renewing the chiller / heater, the high-temperature regenerator and the low-temperature regenerator constituting the absorption chiller / heater are provided by leaving the cooling / heating equipment and the chill / heat water circulation pump connected to the existing absorption chiller / heater. Vessel, condenser, evaporator, absorber,
And two high-temperature regenerators corresponding to a cooling capacity S / 2 (unit RT), which are new or are maintained in the same manner as new, are removed and removed from the building and removed for disposal. ,
Two low-temperature regenerators also corresponding to cooling capacity S / 2 (RT), two condensers also corresponding to cooling capacity S / 2 (RT), and equivalent to cooling capacity S / 2 (RT) Two evaporators, two absorbers also corresponding to the cooling capacity S / 2 (RT), and two heat exchangers corresponding to the cooling capacity S / 2 (RT). It is carried indoors or on the roof and installed. One of each of these two devices is connected to each other by pipes to construct two absorption chiller / heaters with a cooling capacity of S / 2 (RT). The heat transfer tubes for cooling and heating (heating) provided in each of the two evaporators are connected in parallel to each other, and the two groups of heat transfer tubes for the evaporators connected in parallel as described above are connected to the existing heat transfer tubes. The piping is connected to the cold load device and the existing cold / hot water circulation pump. According to the invention method of claim 1 described above,
Since two absorption chillers / heaters having a cooling capacity of S / 2 (unit RT) are newly provided, the main components constituting these newly installed absorption chillers / heaters correspond to the cooling capacity S / 2 (RT). It has a capacity, is much smaller and lighter than the components (before renewal) of the cooling capacity S (RT), and is easy to carry in. In addition, since the heat transfer tubes provided in the evaporators of the two newly installed absorption chiller / heaters are connected in parallel with each other, the cooling capacity of the two absorption chiller / heaters is summed, and (RT) cooling performance. In addition, since the cooling load device (for example, the fan coil unit) and its accessories are continuously used without being discarded, the cost of replacement equipment is reduced and the amount of industrial waste is reduced.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an absorption chiller / heater having a rated cooling capacity S (unit RT), which is installed in a building or on the roof of a building. A high temperature regenerator that heats an aqueous solution of lithium bromide to generate water vapor as a refrigerant, and using a high-temperature steam generated by the high temperature regenerator as a heat source, heats another part of the aqueous lithium bromide solution. A low-temperature regenerator that generates steam and lowers the temperature of the steam used as the heat source, a condenser that cools and liquefies the steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator and the low-temperature regenerator with cooling water, and a condenser that generates the steam. The evaporator that removes the heat of evaporation from the cold water by evaporating the liquid water under reduced pressure to evaporate, and the steam generated by the evaporator are referred to as “rich lithium bromide generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerators”. An aqueous solution "to reduce the pressure in the vessel connected to the evaporator, thereby promoting the evaporation of water in the evaporator; and the lithium bromide produced in the absorber. Diluted aqueous solution of
A heat exchanger that is heated by a “high-temperature concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerator”. The high-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-pressure regenerator, high-pressure regenerator, low-pressure regenerator, high-pressure regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, high-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-pressure regenerator , And remove the heat exchanger, carry it out of the building and dispose of it, and use N new high-temperature regenerators equivalent to the cooling capacity S / N (unit RT), which are new or have been maintained as well as new (Where N is an integer of 3 or more), N low-temperature regenerators corresponding to the cooling capacity S / N (RT), and N condensers also corresponding to the cooling capacity S / N (RT). , Also N evaporations corresponding to the cooling capacity S / N (RT) If, like cooling capacity S / N (R
N) absorbers corresponding to T) and cooling capacity S / N
(RT) and N heat exchangers are carried into the building or on the roof and installed, and one of these N components is connected to each other by pipes to provide cooling capacity. S / N (R
T) Construct N group of absorption chiller / heater, and
The heat transfer tubes for cooling and heating water (heating) provided in each of the evaporators are connected in parallel with each other, and the heat transfer tubes for the N groups of evaporators connected in parallel as described above are connected to the existing cooling load. The piping is connected to the equipment and the existing cold / hot water circulation pump. According to the method of the present invention described above, the N units of the absorption chiller / heater having the cooling capacity S / N (unit RT) are newly provided, so that the main components constituting the newly installed absorption chiller / heater are provided. Is the cooling capacity S / N
It has a capacity equivalent to (RT), is much smaller and lighter than components (before updating) of the cooling capacity S (RT), and is easy to carry in. Moreover, since the heat transfer tubes provided in the evaporator of each of the newly installed N units of absorption chiller / heater are connected in parallel with each other, the cooling capacity of the N units of absorption chiller / heater is added up, and (RT) cooling performance.

In addition, since the cooling load device (for example, a fan coil unit) and its attached devices are continuously used without being discarded, the cost of replacement equipment is reduced, and
Industrial waste is reduced.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an absorption chiller / heater having a rated cooling capacity S (unit: RT) which is installed in a building or on the roof of a building. A high temperature regenerator that heats an aqueous solution of lithium bromide to generate water vapor as a refrigerant, and using a high-temperature steam generated by the high temperature regenerator as a heat source, heats another part of the aqueous lithium bromide solution. A low-temperature regenerator that generates steam and lowers the temperature of the steam used as the heat source, a condenser that cools and liquefies the steam generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerators with cooling water, and a condenser that generates the steam. The evaporator that removes the heat of evaporation from the cold water by evaporating the liquid water under reduced pressure to evaporate, and the steam generated by the evaporator are referred to as “rich lithium bromide generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerators”. An aqueous solution "to reduce the pressure in the vessel connected to the evaporator, thereby promoting the evaporation of water in the evaporator; and the lithium bromide produced in the absorber. Diluted aqueous solution of
A heat exchanger that is heated by a “high-temperature concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerator”. The high-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-pressure regenerator, high-pressure regenerator, low-pressure regenerator, high-pressure regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, high-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, low-pressure regenerator , And remove the heat exchanger, carry it out of the building and dispose of it. Correspond to the cooling capacity S (unit RT) of the existing absorption chiller / heater to be updated, and set the cooling capacity C (RT). , C and D with respect to the cooling capacity D (RT) are set such that C + D = SC ≠ D (the unit is RT), and the cooling capacity C which is new or maintained in the same manner as the new is set. , High-temperature regenerators corresponding to D (unit RT) , Same cooling ability C, D (RT)
And low-temperature regenerators C and D
(RT), two evaporators also corresponding to cooling capacities C and D (RT), and two absorbers also corresponding to cooling capacities C and D (RT). , Two heat exchangers also corresponding to cooling capacity C, D (RT),
Is installed in the building or on the roof, and one of each of these two devices is connected to each other by piping, so that two absorption chiller / heaters having cooling capacity C and D (RT) are connected. In addition to the construction, the heat transfer tubes for cooling and heating water (heating) provided in each of the two evaporators are connected in parallel with each other, and the two groups of heat transfer tubes for the evaporator are connected in parallel as described above. Is connected to an existing cooling load device and an existing cold / hot water circulation pump. According to the method of the third aspect described above, the cooling capacity C, D (unit RT)
Of the new absorption chiller / heater (however, C + D = S), the main components constituting these newly installed absorption chiller / heater have a capacity corresponding to the cooling capacity C and D (RT), respectively. Constituent equipment with cooling capacity S (RT) (before updating)
It is much smaller and lighter than, and the carrying-in work is easy. In addition, since the heat transfer tubes provided in the evaporators of the two newly installed absorption chiller / heaters are connected in parallel with each other, the cooling capacity of the two absorption chiller / heaters is summed, and (RT) cooling performance. In addition, since the cooling load device (for example, a fan coil unit) and its accessories are continuously used without being discarded, the cost of replacement equipment is reduced, and the amount of industrial products is reduced.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent elements of the second aspect of the present invention, the N number of evaporators are provided in each of the N evaporators and connected in parallel with each other.
The group of heat transfer tubes is connected to a pipe connecting the N heat transfer tubes through an on-off valve so that the communication between the N heat transfer tubes can be divided into a plurality of heat transfer tubes. S /
N or a cooling capacity nS / N (where n is an integer of 1 or more and less than N) enables a partial load operation. According to the invention method of claim 4 described above,
By operating n of the N absorption chillers and hot water heaters, the small load of the integer fractional ratio can be obtained, as compared with the conventional small lithium bromide absorption chiller and water heaters which cannot generally perform the partial load operation. Driving becomes possible.

The configuration of the method according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is the same as that of the first to fourth aspects of the invention.
A control panel for controlling the absorption cycle of the absorption chiller / heater is provided for each of the plurality of absorption chiller / heaters having a total cooling capacity of S (unit RT). By providing an integrated control panel that supervises a plurality of control panels provided for each, receiving a signal output from the cooling load device by the integrated control panel, according to a program previously given to the integrated control panel, And outputting a command signal to the control panel of the absorption chiller / heater. According to the invention method of claim 5 described above, the heat balance and the flow rate balance of the absorption cycle for each absorption chiller / heater forming one absorption cycle can be appropriately controlled by the respective control panels. The desired performance can be exhibited as a whole of the cooling and heating equipment by making the absorption and cooling water heaters cooperate with each other.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an absorption chilled and heated water having an updated history of a rated cooling capacity S (unit RT), which is installed in a building or on the roof of a building. A high-temperature regenerator for heating an aqueous solution of lithium bromide to generate water vapor as a refrigerant,
Using the high-temperature steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator as a heat source,
The other part of the aqueous lithium bromide solution is heated to generate steam, and a low-temperature regenerator for lowering the temperature of the steam used as the heat source, and the steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator and the low-temperature regenerator are cooled by cooling water. A condenser that cools and liquefies, an evaporator that removes heat of evaporation from cold water by evaporating the liquid water generated in the condenser by depressurizing and evaporating, An absorber that absorbs into the concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated in the regenerator to reduce the pressure in the vessel connected to the evaporator, thereby promoting the evaporation of water in the evaporator; A heat exchanger that heats the dilute aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the absorber with the “high-temperature concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerator”. And a cooling load device receiving the circulating supply of the chilled water, and a lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater to which a pump for circulating the chilled water is connected by piping, to a cooling capacity S / 2 (unit RT). Corresponding two high-temperature regenerators, two low-temperature regenerators, and two
Each of the condensers, the two evaporators, the two absorbers, and the two heat exchangers is connected to each other by piping. / 2, the absorption chiller / heater having a smaller operating history than the calendar days since the building was constructed ", and the two evaporators are Two groups of heat transfer tubes provided in each of them and passing cold water are connected in parallel with one another by pipes, and the two groups of heat transfer tubes connected in parallel are referred to as "the building since the building was constructed. A pipe is connected to a cooling / heating load device having an operating history that is not much different from the calendar date passing through a cooling / heating water circulation pump. According to the sixth aspect of the present invention described above, two new absorption chiller / heater units having a cooling capacity of S / 2 (unit RT) are newly provided. Have a capacity corresponding to the cooling capacity S / 2 (RT), are much smaller and lighter than the components (before updating) of the cooling capacity S (RT), and are easy to carry in. . Moreover, since the heat transfer tubes provided in the evaporator of each of the two newly installed absorption chillers / heaters are connected in parallel with each other, the cooling capacity of the two absorption chillers / heaters is summed up to S (RT). In addition, since the cooling load device (for example, a fan coil unit) and its accessories are continuously used without being discarded, the cost of replacement equipment is reduced and the amount of industrial waste is reduced.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an absorption chilled and heated water having an updated history of a rated cooling capacity S (unit RT) installed in a building or on a roof of a building. A high-temperature regenerator for heating an aqueous solution of lithium bromide to generate vapor of water as a refrigerant,
Using the high-temperature steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator as a heat source,
The other part of the aqueous lithium bromide solution is heated to generate steam, and a low-temperature regenerator for lowering the temperature of the steam used as the heat source, and the steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator and the low-temperature regenerator are cooled by cooling water. A condenser that cools and liquefies, an evaporator that removes heat of evaporation from cold water by evaporating the liquid water generated in the condenser by depressurizing and evaporating, An absorber that absorbs into the concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated in the regenerator to reduce the pressure in the vessel connected to the evaporator, thereby promoting the evaporation of water in the evaporator; A heat exchanger that heats the dilute aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the absorber with the “high-temperature concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerator”. And a cooling load device that receives the circulating supply of the cold water, and a lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater to which a pump that circulates the cold water is connected by piping has a cooling capacity S / N (unit RT). Corresponding N high temperature regenerators (where N is an integer of 3 or more), N low temperature regenerators, N condensers, N evaporators, and N evaporators And one of the N heat exchangers is also connected by pipes, and the N units have “cooling capacity S / N, and the calendar since the building was constructed. An N-group heat transfer tube in which an absorption chiller / heater having an operating history less than the number of days passed has been constructed, and provided with each of the N evaporators to distribute cold water. Are connected in parallel with each other, and the N groups of heat transfer tubes connected in parallel are Things through the thermal load device "having no operating history years of significant difference compared to calendar days elapsed years since been built, and characterized in that it is connected by piping via a cold water circulation pump. According to the seventh aspect of the present invention described above, the cooling capacity S / N (unit R)
Since N units of the absorption chiller / heater of T) are newly installed, the main devices constituting these newly installed chiller / heater have a capacity corresponding to the cooling capacity S / N (RT), respectively. Significantly smaller than S (RT) components (before updating)
It is lightweight and easy to carry in. Moreover, since the heat transfer tubes provided in the evaporators of the new N-unit absorption chiller / heater are connected in parallel with each other, the cooling capacity of the N-group absorption chiller-heater is added up to S (RT) ability can be demonstrated. In addition, since the cooling load device (for example, a fan coil unit) and its accessories are continuously used without being discarded, the cost of replacement equipment is reduced and the amount of industrial waste is reduced.

An eighth aspect of the present invention is an absorption chiller / heater having an updated history of a rated cooling capacity S (unit RT) installed in a building or on a roof of a building. A high-temperature regenerator that heats an aqueous solution of lithium bromide to generate a vapor of water as a refrigerant, and a high-temperature steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator as a heat source. A low-temperature regenerator for heating a part to generate steam and lowering the temperature of the steam used as the heat source, and a condenser for cooling and liquefying the steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator and the low-temperature regenerator with cooling water. The evaporator that removes the heat of evaporation from the cold water by evaporating the liquid water generated in the condenser under reduced pressure and the water vapor generated in the evaporator are referred to as “concentrations generated in the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerators”. A water solution in the evaporator to reduce the pressure in the vessel connected to the evaporator, thereby promoting the evaporation of water in the evaporator, and the above-described absorber. A heat exchanger that heats the diluted aqueous solution of lithium bromide with “a high-temperature concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerator”, and circulates the cold water. In a cooling load device to be fed and a lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater to which a pump for circulating the chilled water is connected by piping, an absorption chiller / heater having a cooling capacity C (unit RT) and a cooling capacity D (RT) C (RT) + D (RT) = S (RT) and C ≠ D, and the cooling capacity C, D (unit R
T) the sum of the cooling capacity of the two absorption chillers / heaters is S (R
T), two high-temperature regenerators corresponding to the cooling capacity C, D (unit RT), and two low-temperature regenerators,
The same two condensers, the same two evaporators, the same two absorbers, and the same two heat exchangers are each connected to each other by pipes. "Cooling capacity C, D
(RT), wherein the absorption chiller / heater has an operating history less than that of a calendar day since the building was constructed. "
And two groups of heat transfer tubes provided in each of the two evaporators and allowing the cold water to flow therethrough are connected in parallel with each other, and the above-described two groups of the parallel connected heat transfer tubes are connected. The heat transfer pipe is connected to the pipe via a chilled / hot water circulation pump with respect to "a cooling load apparatus having an operation history that is not much different from the calendar days since the building was constructed". It is characterized by. According to the eighth aspect of the present invention described above, two absorption chiller / heater units (however, C + D = S) having the cooling capacity C and D (unit RT) are newly provided. Have the capacity corresponding to the cooling capacity C and D (RT), respectively, and are much smaller and lighter than the components (before updating) of the cooling capacity S (RT). , Easy carrying-in work. In addition, since the heat transfer tubes provided in the evaporators of the two newly installed absorption chillers / heaters are connected in parallel with each other, the cooling capacity of the two absorption chillers / heaters is summed up.
(RT). Moreover,
Since the cooling load device (for example, a fan coil unit) and its accessories are continuously used without being discarded, the cost of replacement equipment is reduced and the amount of work waste is reduced.

The construction of the absorption chiller / heater according to the ninth aspect of the present invention is the same as that of the seventh aspect of the invention.
Heat transfer tubes for a plurality of evaporators provided in each of a plurality of absorption chiller / heaters having a total cooling capacity of S (unit RT) are connected in parallel with each other via on-off valves. It is characterized by. According to the ninth aspect of the present invention described above, since the on-off valve is interposed between the plurality of heat transfer tubes for the evaporator, by operating this on-off valve, the "newly installed plurality of heat exchanger tubes are renewed. Absorption chiller / heater "
Can be fully exerted, and a part of the plurality of absorption chiller / hot water heaters can be stopped to perform a partial load operation of the cooling / heating equipment including the absorption chiller / heater.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the eighth aspect of the present invention, the absorption chiller / heater of a plurality of absorption chillers having a total cooling capacity of S (unit RT) is provided. The high-temperature regenerator constituting each of the water heaters and the cold water heaters is provided with a heating steam pipe as a heat source, and a plurality of groups of heating steam pipes provided in each of the plurality of high-temperature regenerators are heated. It is characterized in that it is connected in parallel with a supply source of steam for use. Claim 10 described above.
When the invention of claim 8 is applied to the invention of claim 8, the high-temperature regenerators of the two absorption chiller / hot-water machines having different cooling capacity values correspond to the cooling abilities of the respective absorption chiller / water heaters. And the thermal balance between the two absorption chiller / heaters can be effectively controlled.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the components of the sixth to tenth aspects, the sum of the cooling capacity is S (unit RT). Each of the plurality of absorption chiller / heater units is provided with a separate control panel for controlling the heat balance and flow rate balance of the absorption chill / heat cycle formed in each absorption chiller / heater unit. And an integrated control panel having a function of inputting a signal to be output and outputting a command signal to the plurality of individual control panels.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, since each of the plurality of absorption chiller / heaters has an individual control panel, the absorption chiller / heater formed in each absorption chiller / heater is provided. The heat balance and the flow rate balance are properly controlled by the individual control panels, and the plurality of absorption chillers / heaters are coordinated with each other by the integrated control panel, thereby exhibiting a cooling capacity S (unit RT) as a whole. Therefore, there is no problem such as overloading any one of the plurality of absorption chillers / heaters to promote wear.

[0030]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an absorption chiller / heater renewed by applying the present invention.
A schematic cross-sectional view of a base absorption chiller / heater, a schematic view of a cooling load, and a piping system connecting these are drawn. However, devices and wiring of the control system are not shown.
In contrast, FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the absorption chiller / heater before renewal, a fan coil unit as a cooling / heating load device, and a piping diagram illustrating a cooling tower, and a control system is illustrated. Is omitted. Figure 6 (before update)
The absorption chiller / heater shown in FIG. 5 is a conventional example shown in FIG.
This is the same configuration as. A cooling tower indicated by reference numeral 16 is connected to a cooling water system of an absorption chiller / heater through a cooling water circulation pump 19. Arrows c and d representing the flow direction of the cooling water shown in FIG. 6 are shown in FIG.
Arrows c and d. A large number of fan coil units 21 shown in FIG. Piping is connected. FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematically drawn, and the heat transfer tubes are represented as a single tube bent in a meandering shape. However, the actual shape of the heat transfer tube of the conventional example is one tube group. I can do it. The cooling capacity of the absorption chiller / heater shown in FIG. 6 (before updating) is represented by S (unit RT). Therefore, the cooling tower 16 has a capacity corresponding to the cooling capacity S (RT), and the capacity of the large number of fan coil units 21 corresponds to the cooling capacity S (RT).

In this embodiment, since the absorption chiller / heater of the cooling / heating equipment shown in FIG. 6 is deteriorated, the fan coil unit 21, the cooling tower 16, the cooling water circulation pump 19, and the cooling / heating water circulation pump 20 are left. Absorption chiller / heater S
Was abolished. For the convenience of transportation, the above disposal was appropriately divided by gas fusing, carried out outside the building using an elevator, and discarded. Absorption chiller / heater S with cooling capacity S (RT)
After the disposal of (FIG. 6), an absorption chiller / heater with a cooling capacity of almost S (RT) must be newly installed, but even if the absorption chiller / heater S (FIG. 6) before the update is divided into blocks. In this embodiment (FIG. 1), two absorption chilled / hot water heaters A and B having an cooling capacity S / 2 can be accommodated in the present embodiment (FIG. 1). The machine was configured. When implementing the present invention, there is no need to newly design an absorption chiller / heater with a cooling capacity of S / 2. That is, in the major cooling and heating equipment manufacturers, for example, the cooling capacity 5
0RT, 100RT cooling capacity, 150R
We have developed and manufactured absorption chiller / heaters of various capacities, such as T, 200RT, and 300RT, and listed them in the catalog. May be appropriately selected and used. Specifically, the cooling capacity of the absorption chiller / heater newly installed for updating does not necessarily need to be the same as the cooling capacity before updating. There may be some increase or decrease depending on the circumstances at that time.

In the present embodiment (FIG. 1), since the cooling capacity of the absorption chiller / heater A is S / 2RT, the high-temperature regenerator 1A, the low-temperature regenerator 2A, and the condenser 3A constituting the same are configured. , Also the evaporator 4A and the absorber 8A
Are devices each having a capacity corresponding to the cooling capacity S / 2. Therefore, these devices are the high-temperature regenerator 1, the low-temperature regenerator 2, the condenser 3, the evaporator 4, and the absorption chiller / heater S (the cooling capacity SRT shown in FIG. 5) before the update.
It is much smaller and lighter than the absorber 8. Therefore, the newly installed absorption chiller / heater A (cooling capacity S / 2R)
The devices constituting T) are easy to transport. In the present embodiment (FIG. 1), the high-temperature regenerator 1 was transported as a single block, which was housed in an elevator cage and could be carried into a basement machine room. Further, the low-temperature regenerator 2A and the condenser 3A could be housed in an elevator and brought into the machine room in a state where they were combined as an integral block. And the evaporator 4A and the absorber 8A are
This was housed in an elevator in a state where it was combined as an integral block, and could be carried into the machine room. In carrying out the present invention, there is no limitation on how the equipment constituting the absorption chiller / heater newly installed for renewal is divided into blocks and conveyed. When a low-temperature regenerator / condenser block in which a regenerator and a condenser are integrally connected and an evaporator / absorber block in which an evaporator and an absorber are integrated are configured and transported, they are brought in. ， It is easy to connect piping after installation,
This is preferable because the reliability of airtightness of the closed system forming the absorption cycle can be enhanced. The above is the consideration regarding the block configuration and the carrying in of the absorption chiller / heater A. Similarly, the absorption chiller / heater B having the cooling capacity S / 2 is the same as in the absorption chiller / heater A.

As described above, the two absorption chillers / heaters A,
If B is installed, the "heat transfer tube 12A provided in the evaporator 4A of the absorption chiller / heater A" and the "heat transfer tube 12B provided in the evaporator 4B of the absorption chiller / heater B" are mutually connected. Are connected in parallel to each other, and these heat transfer tubes are connected to a fan coil unit 21 which is an existing cooling load device.
The piping is connected via the existing cold / hot water circulation pump 20. Thereby, the cold (hot) water discharged from the cold / hot water circulation pump 21 is transferred to the heat transfer pipe 12A provided in the evaporator 4A of the absorption chiller / heater A and the evaporator 4B provided in the absorption chiller / heater B. It is split into the heat pipe 12B at substantially the same flow rate (point v in FIG. 1). Cold (warm) water flowing through the divided heat transfer tubes 12A and 12B is refrigerant (water) evaporated in the evaporator.
As a result, the heat of evaporation is taken away and the temperature falls. Cold (warm)
The water merges (point w in the drawing) and is circulated and sent to the fan coil unit 21 which is a cooling load device. In this way, the cooling outputs of the two absorption chiller / heaters A and B are summed. Since the cooling capacity per unit is S / 2 (RT), the desired cooling capacity S (RT) is obtained in total of the two units. In the present embodiment, the existing piping and equipment from the point w in the drawing to the point v in the drawing through the fan coil unit 21 and the cold / hot water circulation pump 20 to the point v in the drawing are used. This is not merely that the wear of the “fan coil unit 21, the cooling water circulating pump 20, and the piping” in the present embodiment was incidentally minor, but based on the knowledge accumulated by the inventor of the present invention over many years of practical experience. And that the fan coil unit, chilled / hot water circulating pump and piping do not need to be replaced even when the wear and tear of the lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater progresses and must be discarded. is there. Although this is an empirical fact, the theoretical support is as follows. Since lithium bromide is corrosive, the wear of equipment in contact with the aqueous lithium bromide solution proceeds relatively quickly. However, this is because the cold (warm) water as the secondary refrigerant system is almost pure water and does not contain corrosive agents.

As described above, when the absorption chiller / heater is renewed, the fan coil unit (cooling / heating load device) is left.
The cost of replacement equipment will be reduced as much as it continues to be used. In this way, as a result of reducing the disposal and renewal of existing equipment, the renewal work is mostly limited to the machine room. In actual construction, the benefit of the limited working area is very large. That is, (see FIG. 6) the absorption chiller / heater S is installed in an underground machine room, while the fan coil unit 21 is installed in an office or house. Therefore, if the absorption chiller / heater S is carried out of the building and discarded, and the absorption chiller / heater A and B are carried in and installed as shown in FIG. There is no danger of causing a great deal of trouble directly.

On the other hand, if the fan coil unit and its piping are removed and newly installed, the resident's life must be disturbed. Even if the building where the absorption chiller / heater is installed is an office building, remove the fan coil unit installed on the ceiling of the office, carry it out, carry in new products, install it, and install it in the office. Office work is often hindered, including cleaning and cleaning of items inside. Furthermore, when the building in which the absorption chiller / heater is installed is an apartment house, each of the living rooms in which each of the many fan coil units is installed has privacy, and the life of each family is The fan coil unit, pipes, and wiring cannot be replaced without disturbance. In addition, various troublesome problems arise, such as guaranteeing that the worker enters the room to prevent theft. In view of such practical problems, in the updating method according to the present invention, it is of great value to keep the existing fan coil unit 21 and the cold / hot water circulation pump 20 and to continue using them.

What has been described above with reference to FIG.
This is mainly the state of execution of the renewal work. Referring to FIG. 1, the state of the cooling and heating equipment using the absorption chiller / heater after the above-described renewal work is performed is as follows.

The components shown in FIG. 1 are installed in a building not shown. Absorption chiller / heater A and B
Is significantly newer (eg, countable yearly) than the calendar days since the building was constructed.

The operating history of the fan coil unit 21 is almost the same as the calendar year since the building was constructed. Although there may be a slight difference for various reasons, the calculation of the operation history of the fan coil unit in this case ignores the seasonal suspension, and the operation history before the absorption chiller / heater A, B is updated It is enough if you have a career. The chilled / hot water circulation pump 20 basically has substantially the same operating history as the fan coil unit 20, but does not prevent having a history of replacement and repair for some reason. From the point w shown, the fan coil unit 21,
The pipe member from the cold / hot water circulation pump 20 to the point v also has, in principle, almost the same calendar date as that of the building, but may be replaced due to circumstances such as remodeling of the interior of the building. You may have a career.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of an absorption chiller / heater in an embodiment different from that of FIG.
FIG. 2 is a piping system diagram to which a heating steam source as a heating means of the high-temperature regenerator is additionally shown. Next, the point that the embodiment of FIG. 2 is different from the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above will be described. The cooling capacity of the absorption chiller / heater D is D (unit RT), and the cooling capacity S of the absorption chiller / heater S (FIG. 6) before the update is used.
Compared with (unit RT), C + D = S C ≠ D, and in this example, C> D.

The high-temperature regenerator 1C of the absorption chiller / heater A has a heating steam pipe 1u and a steam valve Vc for controlling the flow rate thereof. 1u 'and a steam valve Vd, and these heating steam pipes 1u and 1u' are connected in parallel to a heating steam source (for example, a boiler). The above steam valve V
By adjusting c and Vd, each absorption chiller / heater C,
D can exhibit a predetermined cooling capacity.

FIG. 3 is a piping diagram of an absorption chiller / heater in an embodiment different from any of the above-described embodiments of FIGS. Next, the difference between FIG. 3 and FIG. 1 will be extracted and described. In the present embodiment, N cooling capacity S /
Install a N absorption chiller / heater. Here, N is an integer of 3 or more, and FIG. 3 shows a case where N = 3. Even with this configuration, the same operation and effect as those in FIG. 1 can be obtained. In particular, when the elevator car is small in comparison with the scale of the building, by appropriately setting the value of N, Carrying in can be made easier.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment different from that of FIG. 3 described above, in which a control system is added to the piping system of the absorption chiller / heater. FIG. 4 is different from FIG. 3 in that it differs from FIG. 3 in that three small absorption chillers / heaters E, F, and G having a cooling capacity S / 3 are respectively provided with evaporators 4E and 4E. 4F and 4G, a heat transfer tube 12E and a heat transfer tube 12F.
3 is connected to the heat transfer tube 12G in parallel with the heat transfer tube 12G, but an on-off valve Ve is inserted and connected in series with the heat transfer tube 12E. An on-off valve Vf is connected in series to 12F, and an on-off valve Vg is connected in series to the heat transfer tube 12G. That is, the three evaporators 4E, 4G, 4F
Heat transfer tubes 12E and 12F provided in each of
12G are mutually connected in parallel via an on-off valve. On the other hand, many fan coil units 21, 21 to 21
The pipes 21 are connected in parallel with each other, but the cooling / hot water flow path switching valves 22a and 22b are inserted and connected in the middle of the connection pipes, and divided into a plurality of (two in the present embodiment) fan coil unit groups. Have been. As a result, the operation of one or a plurality of absorption chiller / heaters can be stopped, or the flow of water through an arbitrary group of fan coil units can be stopped. The technical significance of being able to partially pause in this manner is understood in relation to the characteristics of the lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater. That is, a lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater generally has a difficulty in coping with partial loads. In particular, a small-sized (for example, 60 RT or less) operation such as "run / stop" is possible. Load operation and 1/3 load operation are not possible (though not theoretically impossible, they are not manufactured and supplied because they are not compatible with economy as a practical problem). Considering such circumstances, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, S is smaller than the cooling capacity S (unit RT).
The practical value of being able to operate at / 3 (RT) or 2S / 3RT is enormous.

Each of the absorption chiller / heaters E, F, and G is individually provided with a control panel CE, CF, and CG. These control panels control the heat balance and flow rate balance of the lithium bromide absorption cycle of each absorption chiller / heater, and
3 (RT) cooling capacity. Integrated control panel CM
Is primarily input with a signal (detection signal and / or request signal) output from each cooling / heating load (fan coil unit 21), and according to a program given in advance, each absorption chiller / heater E, F, G, And each on-off valve Ve, Vf, V
g, and a command signal is output to the cold / hot water flow path switching valves 22a and 22b to perform cooperative operation.

[0044]

According to the method of the first aspect of the present invention, the absorption cold / hot water having a cooling capacity S / 2 (unit RT) is described so as to clarify the structure and function of the embodiment of the present invention. Since two new units are installed, the main components constituting the newly installed absorption chiller / heater each have a capacity corresponding to the cooling capacity S / 2 (RT), and the cooling capacity S
It is much smaller and lighter than (RT) component equipment (before updating), and is easy to carry in. In addition, since the heat transfer tubes provided in the evaporators of the two newly installed absorption chiller / heaters are connected in parallel with each other, the cooling capacity of the two absorption chiller / heaters is summed, and (RT) cooling performance. In addition, since the cooling load device (for example, the fan coil unit) and its accessories are continuously used without being discarded, the cost of replacement equipment is reduced and the amount of industrial waste is reduced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the N units of the absorption chiller / heater having the cooling capacity S / N (unit RT) are newly installed, so that the main components constituting the newly installed absorption chiller / heater are provided. Each have a capacity corresponding to the cooling capacity S / N (RT), are much smaller and lighter than the components (before updating) of the cooling capacity S (RT), and are easy to carry in. . Moreover, since the heat transfer tubes provided in the evaporator of each of the newly installed N units of absorption chiller / heater are connected in parallel with each other, the cooling capacity of the N units of absorption chiller / heater is added up, and (RT) cooling performance.

In addition, since the cooling load device (for example, a fan coil unit) and its attached devices are continuously used without being discarded, the cost of replacement equipment can be reduced, and
Industrial waste is reduced.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the absorption chiller / heater having the cooling capacity C and D (unit RT) (where C + D =
S), the main components of the newly installed absorption chiller / heater are cooling capacity C and D, respectively.
It has a capacity equivalent to (RT), is much smaller and lighter than components (before updating) of the cooling capacity S (RT), and is easy to carry in. In addition, since the heat transfer tubes provided in the evaporators of the two newly installed absorption chiller / heaters are connected in parallel with each other, the cooling capacity of the two absorption chiller / heaters is summed, and S (RT) cooling performance. In addition, since the cooling load device (for example, the fan coil unit) and its accessories are continuously used without being discarded, the cost of replacement equipment is reduced and the amount of industrial waste is reduced.

According to the method of the present invention, as compared with the conventional lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater in which partial load operation is not possible, n of the N groups of absorption chiller / heater are used. The operation enables a partial load operation at an integer fractional ratio. According to the invention method of claim 5, for each absorption chiller / heater forming one absorption cycle, the heat balance and the flow rate balance of the absorption cycle can be appropriately controlled by the respective control panels, and
By mutually coordinating the respective absorption chiller / heaters, desired performance can be exhibited as a whole of the cooling and heating equipment.

According to the invention of claim 6, the cooling capacity S
/ 2 (unit RT) absorption chiller / heater is newly installed, and the main equipment constituting these newly installed absorption chiller / heater has a capacity corresponding to the cooling capacity S / 2 (RT). It is much smaller and lighter than the components (before renewal) of the cooling capacity S (RT), and the loading operation is easy. Moreover, since the heat transfer tubes provided in the evaporators of the two newly installed absorption chillers / heaters are connected in parallel with each other, the cooling capacity of the two absorption chillers / heaters is summed up, and (RT) ability can be demonstrated. In addition, since the cooling load device (for example, the fan coil unit) and its accessories are continuously used without being discarded, the cost of replacement equipment is reduced, and the amount of industrial waste is reduced.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the cooling capacity S / N
Since N units of (unit RT) absorption chiller / heater are newly installed, each of the main devices constituting the newly installed chiller / heater has a capacity corresponding to the cooling capacity S / N (RT),
It is much smaller and lighter than the components (before renewal) of the cooling capacity S (RT), and the loading operation is easy. In addition, since the heat transfer tubes provided in the evaporators of the new N absorption chiller / heaters are connected in parallel with each other, the cooling capacity of the N absorption chiller / heaters is summed up to S
(RT). Moreover,
Since the cooling load device (for example, a fan coil unit) and its accessories are continuously used without being discarded, the cost of replacement equipment is reduced, and the amount of industrial waste is reduced.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the cooling capacity C, D
(Unit RT) absorption chiller / heater (C + D =
S) is newly installed, so that the main components constituting these newly installed absorption chiller / heater are cooling capacity C, D (R
It has a capacity equivalent to T), is much smaller and lighter than components (before renewal) of the cooling capacity S (RT), and is easy to carry in. Moreover, since the heat transfer tubes provided in the evaporator of each of the two newly installed absorption chillers / heaters are connected in parallel with each other, the cooling capacity of the two absorption chillers / heaters is summed up to S (RT). In addition, the cooling load equipment (for example, fan coil unit) and its accessories are continuously used without being discarded, so that replacement equipment costs are reduced,
And industrial waste is reduced.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the on-off valve is interposed between the plurality of heat transfer tubes for the evaporator, by operating this on-off valve, the "newly installed plurality of heat exchanger tubes are renewed. It is also possible to make full use of the total cooling capacity of the `` absorption chiller / heater '', suspend a part of the plurality of absorption chiller / heater, and perform a partial load operation of the cooling / heating equipment including the absorption chiller / heater. You can also. Applying the invention of claim 10 to the invention of claim 8 above, the cooling of each absorption chiller / heater is performed for the high temperature regenerators of the two absorption chiller / heaters having different cooling capacity values. The heat quantity corresponding to the capacity can be given, and the thermal balance between the two absorption chiller / heaters can be effectively controlled.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, since each of the plurality of absorption chillers / heaters has an individual control panel,
The heat balance and flow rate balance of the absorption chiller / heater cycle formed in each absorption chiller / heater are appropriately controlled by the individual control panels, and the plurality of absorption chiller / heaters are mutually controlled by the integrated control panel. It can be coordinated and can exert the cooling capacity S (unit RT) as a whole,
There is no problem such as overloading any one of the plurality of absorption chiller / heaters to promote wear.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an absorption chiller / heater that has been updated by applying the present invention. FIG. The piping system to be connected is depicted. However, devices and wiring of the control system are not shown.

FIG. 2 is a piping diagram showing a schematic cross-sectional view of an absorption chiller / heater in an embodiment different from that of FIG. 1 described above, with a cooling load device and a heating steam source as a heating unit of a high-temperature regenerator added thereto.

FIG. 3 is a piping diagram of an absorption chiller / heater in an embodiment different from any of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 described above.

FIG. 4 is a view showing an embodiment different from FIG. 3 described above, in which a control system is added to a piping system of the absorption chiller / heater.

FIG. 5 is a schematic piping system diagram showing a conventional example of a lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater, showing a state in which two cooling / heating switching valves are opened and closed to perform a cooling (cooling) action. The liquid water (refrigerant liquid) is spotted, the concentrated aqueous lithium bromide solution is cross-hatched, and the dilute aqueous lithium bromide solution is hatched in parallel.

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of an absorption chiller / heater before updating, and a piping diagram illustrating a fan coil unit as a cooling / heating load device and a cooling tower, and a control system is not shown. .

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... High temperature regenerator of absorption chiller / heater before renewal, 1a ...
Burner as heat source of high-temperature regenerator, 1A, to 1G: high-temperature regenerator of absorption chiller-heater updated by applying the present invention;
u, 1u ′: heating steam pipe, 2: low-temperature regenerator of absorption chiller / heater before renewal, 2A to 2G: low-temperature regenerator of absorption chiller / heater renewed by applying the present invention, 3: before renewal Condenser of absorption chiller / heater, 3A to 3G ... Condenser of absorption chiller / heater updated by applying the present invention, 4 ... Evaporator of absorption chiller / heater before updating, 4A to 4G: Applying the present invention The evaporator of the absorption chiller / heater that has been renewed.
7: refrigerant pump, 8: absorber of absorption chiller / heater before renewal, 8A to 8G: absorber of absorption chiller / heater renewed by applying the present invention, 9: solution pump, 10 …
Heat exchanger of absorption chiller / heater before renewal, 10A, 10
B: heat exchanger of absorption chiller / heater renewed by applying the present invention, 11: heat transfer tube provided in condenser, 12: heat transfer tube provided in evaporator, 13: transfer provided in absorber Heat tubes,
14: a heat transfer tube provided in a low-temperature regenerator, 15: a building in which an absorption chiller / heater is installed, 16: a cooling tower that was not disposed of when renewed, 17: a cooling water supply pipe, 18: cooling Water return pipe, 19: cooling water circulation pump, 20: cooling / heating water circulation pump, 21: fan coil unit as cooling / heating load, 22a, 22b: cooling water flow path switching valve, 23: cooling / heating water control valve, A, B: cooling capacity S / 2 (RT) absorption chiller / heater, C: Medium absorption chiller / heater with cooling capacity C (RT), D ... Small absorption chiller / heater with cooling capacity D (RT),
E, F, G: small absorption chiller / heater with cooling capacity S / 3 (unit RT); S: absorption chiller / heater before cooling capacity S (unit RT); Vc, Vd: steam valve; Drive motor for fan coil unit, CE, CF, CG: Individual control panel for small absorption cooler / heater, CM: Integrated control panel for integrating multiple individual control panels.

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. An absorption chiller / heater having a rated cooling capacity S (unit RT) installed in a building or installed on the roof of a building, wherein an aqueous solution of lithium bromide is heated, A high-temperature regenerator for generating water vapor as a refrigerant, and high-temperature steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator as a heat source,
A low-temperature regenerator for heating the other part of the aqueous lithium bromide solution to generate steam and lowering the temperature of the steam used as the heat source, and the steam and cooling water generated by the high-temperature regenerator and the low-temperature regenerator. A condenser that cools and liquefies, an evaporator that removes heat of evaporation from cold water by evaporating the liquid water generated in the condenser by decompressing and evaporating the water, An absorber that absorbs into the concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated in the regenerator to reduce the pressure in the vessel connected to the evaporator, thereby promoting the evaporation of water in the evaporator; A heat exchanger that heats the dilute aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the absorber with the “high-temperature concentrated lithium bromide aqueous solution generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerator”; In the method of renewing the provided lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater, the absorption chiller / heater is configured by leaving the cooling load equipment and the chiller / heater circulation pump connected to the existing absorption chiller / heater. Remove the high-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, and heat exchanger, transport them out of the building and dispose of them, and maintain them as new or as new Cooling capacity S
/ 2 (unit RT), two high-temperature regenerators also corresponding to cooling capacity S / 2 (RT), and two low-temperature regenerators also corresponding to cooling capacity S / 2 (RT), and two also corresponding to cooling capacity S / 2 (RT) Condensers, two evaporators also corresponding to a cooling capacity S / 2 (RT), two absorbers also corresponding to a cooling capacity S / 2 (RT), and a cooling capacity S / 2 And two heat exchangers corresponding to (RT) are carried into the building or on the roof and installed. One of each of these two devices is connected to each other by piping, and the cooling capacity S / 2 (RT) absorption chiller / heater, and heat transfer tubes for cooling / heating water (heating) provided in each of the two evaporators are connected in parallel with each other. The two groups of evaporator heat transfer tubes connected in parallel as in Characterized by a pipe connected to the pump, a method for updating an absorption chiller heater installed in buildings. 2. An absorption chiller / heater having a rated cooling capacity S (unit RT) installed in a building or installed on the roof of a building, wherein an aqueous solution of lithium bromide is heated, A high-temperature regenerator for generating water vapor as a refrigerant, and high-temperature steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator as a heat source,
A low-temperature regenerator for heating the other part of the aqueous lithium bromide solution to generate steam and lowering the temperature of the steam used as the heat source, and the steam and cooling water generated by the high-temperature regenerator and the low-temperature regenerator. A condenser that cools and liquefies, an evaporator that removes heat of evaporation from cold water by evaporating the liquid water generated in the condenser by decompressing and evaporating the water, An absorber that absorbs into the concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated in the regenerator to reduce the pressure in the vessel connected to the evaporator, thereby promoting the evaporation of water in the evaporator; A heat exchanger that heats the dilute aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the absorber with the “high-temperature concentrated lithium bromide aqueous solution generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerator”; In the method of renewing the provided lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater, the absorption chiller / heater is configured by leaving the cooling load equipment and the chiller / heater circulation pump connected to the existing absorption chiller / heater. Remove the high-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, and heat exchanger, transport them out of the building and dispose of them, and maintain them as new or as new Cooling capacity S
/ N (unit RT) N high-temperature regenerators (where N is an integer of 3 or more), N cooling regenerators also corresponding to cooling capacity S / N (RT), and cooling capacity N condensers corresponding to S / N (RT), N evaporators also corresponding to cooling capacity S / N (RT), and N condensers corresponding to cooling capacity S / N (RT) An absorber and N heat exchangers, also corresponding to the cooling capacity S / N (RT), are loaded into the building or on the roof and installed. One of each of these N devices is installed. The N pipes are connected to each other to construct an N number of absorption chiller / heater having a cooling capacity S / N (RT), and a cooling / heating water cooling (heating) transmission provided in each of the N evaporators. The heat tubes are connected in parallel with each other, and the heat transfer tubes for the evaporators of the N groups connected in parallel as described above are connected to the existing cold heat source. Characterized by a pipe connected to equipment and existing hot and cold water circulation pump, a method for updating an absorption chiller heater installed in buildings. 3. An absorption chiller / heater having a rated cooling capacity S (unit RT) installed in a building or installed on the roof of a building, wherein the absorption chiller heats an aqueous solution of lithium bromide. A high-temperature regenerator for generating water vapor as a refrigerant, and high-temperature steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator as a heat source,
A low-temperature regenerator for heating the other part of the aqueous lithium bromide solution to generate steam and lowering the temperature of the steam used as the heat source, and the steam and cooling water generated by the high-temperature regenerator and the low-temperature regenerator. A condenser that cools and liquefies, an evaporator that removes heat of evaporation from cold water by evaporating the liquid water generated in the condenser by decompressing and evaporating the water, An absorber that absorbs into the concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated in the regenerator to reduce the pressure in the vessel connected to the evaporator, thereby promoting the evaporation of water in the evaporator; A heat exchanger that heats the dilute aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the absorber with the “high-temperature concentrated lithium bromide aqueous solution generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerator”; In the method for updating the provided lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater, the absorption chiller / heater is configured by leaving the cooling load equipment and the chiller / heater circulation pump connected to the existing absorption chiller / heater. The high-temperature regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, condenser, evaporator, absorber and heat exchanger are removed, transported out of the building and discarded, and the existing absorption chilled and hot water to be renewed The cooling capacity C (RT) and the cooling capacity D (RT),
D, two values are set as follows: C + D = S C ≠ D (all units are RT), and are equivalent to the cooling capacity C, D (unit RT) that is new or is maintained in the same way as a new one. High-temperature regenerators, two low-temperature regenerators also corresponding to cooling capacities C, D (RT), two condensers also corresponding to cooling capacities C, D (RT), and cooling capacities C , D (RT), two absorbers also corresponding to cooling capacity C, D (RT), and two heats also corresponding to cooling capacity C, D (RT) An exchanger is installed in the building or on the rooftop and installed. One of each of these two devices is connected to each other by piping, and the absorption chiller / heater with cooling capacity C, D (RT) is installed. And the cooling / heating water (heating) provided in each of the two evaporators Are connected in parallel with each other, and the two groups of evaporator heat transfer tubes connected in parallel as described above are connected to existing cooling load equipment and existing cold / hot water circulation pump by piping. How to update the absorption chiller / heater installed in the building. 4. An N-group heat transfer tube provided in each of the N evaporators and connected in parallel with each other, wherein an on-off valve is connected to a pipe connecting the N-group heat transfer tubes to each other. The cooling capacity S / N or the cooling capacity nS is inserted and connected so that the communication between the N groups of heat transfer tubes can be divided into a plurality of sections.
The method for renewing an absorption chiller / heater installed in a building according to claim 2, wherein a partial load operation of / N (where n is an integer of 1 or more and less than N) is enabled. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the total cooling capacity is S (unit R).
T) a plurality of absorption chiller / hot water heaters ”, a control panel for controlling an absorption cycle of the absorption chiller / heater is provided, and a plurality of control panels provided for each of the plurality of absorption chiller / heat water units. An integrated control panel is provided for controlling the cooling and heating equipment, and receives a signal output from the cooling and heating load device at the integrated control panel, and according to a program given to the integrated control panel in advance, to the control panel of each absorption chiller / heater. The method for updating an absorption chiller / heater installed in a building according to claim 1, wherein a command signal is output to the building. 6. A rated cooling capacity S (unit: RT) installed in a building or on a roof of a building.
A high-temperature regenerator for heating an aqueous solution of lithium bromide to generate water vapor as a refrigerant; and a high-temperature steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator. As a heat source,
A low-temperature regenerator for heating the other part of the aqueous lithium bromide solution to generate steam and lowering the temperature of the steam used as the heat source, and the steam and cooling water generated by the high-temperature regenerator and the low-temperature regenerator. A condenser that cools and liquefies, an evaporator that removes heat of evaporation from cold water by evaporating the liquid water generated in the condenser by decompressing and evaporating the water, An absorber that absorbs into the concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated in the regenerator to reduce the pressure in the vessel connected to the evaporator, thereby promoting the evaporation of water in the evaporator; A heat exchanger that heats the dilute aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the absorber with the “high-temperature concentrated lithium bromide aqueous solution generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerator”; A cooling load device receiving and circulating the cold water, and a lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater to which a pump for circulating the cold water is connected by piping, wherein a cooling capacity S / 2 (unit RT ), Two high-temperature regenerators, two low-temperature regenerators, two condensers, two evaporators, two absorbers, and two
One of each of the two heat exchangers is connected by piping,
A "absorption chiller / heater having a cooling capacity of S / 2 and an operating history less than that of a calendar day since the building was constructed"; and Two groups of heat transfer tubes provided in each of the two evaporators and allowing cold water to flow therethrough are connected in parallel with one another by pipes, and the two groups of heat transfer tubes connected in parallel are referred to as “the building”. That the piping is connected via a chilled / hot water circulating pump to a `` cooling / heating load device having an operating history that is not much different from the calendar days since the was built. '' Absorption chiller / heater. 7. A rated cooling capacity S (unit RT) installed in a building or on a roof of a building.
An absorption chiller / heater having an updated history, comprising: a high-temperature regenerator that heats an aqueous solution of lithium bromide to generate water vapor as a refrigerant; and a high-temperature steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator. As a heat source,
A low-temperature regenerator for heating the other part of the aqueous lithium bromide solution to generate steam and lowering the temperature of the steam used as the heat source, and the steam and cooling water generated by the high-temperature regenerator and the low-temperature regenerator. A condenser that cools and liquefies, an evaporator that removes heat of evaporation from cold water by evaporating the liquid water generated in the condenser by decompressing and evaporating the water, An absorber that absorbs into the concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated in the regenerator to reduce the pressure in the vessel connected to the evaporator, thereby promoting the evaporation of water in the evaporator; A heat exchanger that heats the dilute aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the absorber with the “high-temperature concentrated lithium bromide aqueous solution generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerator”; A cooling load device that receives and circulates the cold water, and a lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater to which a pump for circulating the cold water is connected by piping, wherein a cooling capacity S / N (unit RT ), N high-temperature regenerators (where N is an integer of 3 or more), N low-temperature regenerators, N condensers, N evaporators, and N absorbers and N
One of each of the heat exchangers is connected by piping, and N
A basic “absorption chiller / heater with a cooling capacity of S / N and a smaller operating history than the calendar days since the construction of the building” has been constructed, and N groups of heat transfer tubes provided in each of the N evaporators and allowing cold water to flow therethrough are connected in parallel with one another by pipes. Pipes are connected via a chilled / hot water circulation pump to a `` cooling load device having an operating history that is not much different from the calendar days since the product was built, '' Updated absorption chiller / heater. 8. A rated cooling capacity S (unit: RT) installed in a building or on a roof of a building.
A high-temperature regenerator for heating an aqueous solution of lithium bromide to generate water vapor as a refrigerant; and a high-temperature steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator. As a heat source,
A low-temperature regenerator for heating the other part of the aqueous lithium bromide solution to generate steam and lowering the temperature of the steam used as the heat source, and the steam and cooling water generated by the high-temperature regenerator and the low-temperature regenerator. A condenser that cools and liquefies, an evaporator that removes heat of evaporation from cold water by evaporating the liquid water generated in the condenser by decompressing and evaporating the water, An absorber that absorbs into the concentrated aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated in the regenerator to reduce the pressure in the vessel connected to the evaporator, thereby promoting the evaporation of water in the evaporator; A heat exchanger that heats the dilute aqueous solution of lithium bromide generated by the absorber with the “high-temperature concentrated lithium bromide aqueous solution generated by the high-temperature and low-temperature regenerator”; A cooling load device which receives and circulates the cold water, and a lithium bromide absorption chiller / heater to which a pump for circulating the cold water is connected by piping, wherein a cooling capacity C (unit: RT) Absorption chiller / heater and cooling capacity D
(RT) absorption chiller / heater is installed, C (RT) + D (RT) = S (RT) and C ≠ D, and the two cooling capacity C and D (unit RT) The total cooling capacity of the absorption chiller / heater is equivalent to S (RT), and the cooling capacity C and D (unit RT) are equivalent to two high-temperature regenerators, two low-temperature regenerators, and Two condensers, two evaporators, two absorbers, two
One of each of the two heat exchangers is connected by piping,
The basic "absorption cooling / heating machine having cooling capacity C, D (RT) and having a smaller operating history than the calendar date since the building was constructed" is constituted, In addition, two groups of heat transfer tubes provided in each of the two evaporators and allowing cold water to flow therethrough are connected in parallel with one another by pipes, and the two groups of heat transfer tubes connected in parallel are “ It is characterized by being connected to a pipe via a chilled / hot water circulation pump, for a `` cooling load device having an operating history that is not much different from the calendar days since the building was constructed, '' Updated absorption chiller / heater. 9. The total cooling capacity is S (unit R).
8. The heat transfer pipe for a plurality of evaporators provided in each of the plurality of absorption chiller / heaters as T) is connected in parallel with each other via an on-off valve. Updated absorption chiller / heater as described in. 10. The cooling capacity is S (unit R).
The high-temperature regenerators constituting each of the plurality of absorption chiller / heaters as T) include a heating steam pipe as a heat source, and a plurality of groups provided in each of the plurality of high-temperature regenerators. The renewed absorption chiller / heater according to claim 8, wherein the heating steam pipe is connected in parallel with the heating source. 11. The cooling capacity is S (unit R)
T) each of the plurality of absorption chiller / heaters has an individual control panel for controlling the heat balance and flow rate balance of the absorption chill / heat cycle formed in each absorption chiller / heater. A signal output from the load device is input, and an integrated control panel having a function of outputting a command signal to the plurality of individual control panels is provided.
The updated absorption chiller / heater according to claim 6.