JP2001064976A - Earth retaining member and slope protection construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To hold a natural vegetation state without collapsing a surface layer even when a lower layer is an unstable ground by forming a guide member for an anchor member guide on the base ends of a plurality of blade members formed radially, and driving an anchor member through the guide member into the ground. SOLUTION: A guide member 3 for an anchor member guide is formed on the base ends of a plurality of blade members 2, and the long strip-like steel plate-made blade member 2 radially extends by centering the cylindrically steel plate-made guide member 2. An anchor member 4 is driven through the guide member 3 into ground. The anchor member 3 is made a rod-like matter such as a reinforcing bar, a hook 30 for locking on one end is formed, and the other end forms an edge part for inserting in the ground, The earth retaining member 1 can not employ a concrete molding such as a block, the depth of the root of grass and tree is comparatively shallow, and even when it is used for a comparatively mild inclination in which an unstable ground layer exists on a lower layer, it can be maintained as it is.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an earth retaining member for stabilizing a slope having an unstable surface layer and greening the slope, and a slope protection method using the earth retaining member.

[Prior art]

[0002] As a means of retaining slopes on roads and rivers,
Various measures have been taken to prevent the slope from collapsing, such as by stacking block-shaped retaining walls or spraying mortar, etc. Soil is arranged in the area, and plants are vegetated using the soil, or plants are vegetated from between the nets by holding down the slope with a net-like material.

However, blocks cannot be used on gently slopes such as grassland areas, or in areas or places where it is not allowed to expose concrete moldings such as blocks on the surface due to the landscape or law, In addition to pressing the slope with a mesh from the surface side as described above, after laying a net on the slope, adopt a combined means of spraying mortar or the like as a fixing means, or on the upper surface of those faces They play upholstered grass.

[0004] As described above, in the construction means in which the surface layer is pressed by a net or the like in combination with a fixing means such as mortar from the surface layer, the slope surface of the surface layer portion is pressed down, but the slope surface falls down from the unstable ground underneath. I was worried. In addition, even in the case of upholstered turf, there is a fear that it will fall down from the unstable ground of the lower layer as well as the above, and at the same time, a result of removing a part of the valuable vegetation will have a sense of strangeness in the landscape.

[0005] In addition, the above-mentioned construction means in which holding is carried out only by a net or the like from the surface layer can make use of the vegetation as it is and is a desirable means from the viewpoint of the landscape. At the same time, since a short anchor bar is used as a means for fixing the net to the surface soil, there is a possibility that the anchor bar may rise and the fixed state of the net or the like may come off due to a phenomenon such as freezing of the soil.

For example, as shown in FIG. 13, as shown in the Kumamoto Aso field and the like which is a national park, blocks cannot be used, and the depth of the roots of vegetation in the area is about 2
It is shallow, about 0 to 30 cm, and its surface layer E side is relatively solid ground due to its roots, but its lower layer is eruptive soil and is unstable ground that becomes muddy when rain falls etc. Even when the ground surface is relatively gentle and the ground is pressed down from the surface layer by the above-described conventional means, the lower layer is eroded, causing a collapse phenomenon from the lower layer, and the collapsed portion F is formed. The collapse eroded part of the surface layer E on the road surface, causing problems in road maintenance.

Further, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 14, a plate-shaped G having a sting bar H attached thereto has been used for the purpose of preventing the surface soil serving as a base layer from collapsing.
This does not consider the collapse of the whole ground like the above,
The arrangement on the ground is also performed in a parallel manner as shown in FIG. 15, and it cannot resist the movement of the topsoil from the side.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The present invention is used for a gentle slope where a concrete molded product such as a block cannot be adopted as described above and an unstable ground layer is formed below, and the depth of a root of a plant is reduced. The purpose of the present invention is to obtain a slope that is relatively shallow (about 20 cm to 30 cm) and that the surface layer can be maintained as it is without collapse even if the underlying layer is unstable. .

[0009] Further, the present invention provides an earth retaining member and a method for constructing a slope which can be constructed extremely quickly, although conventionally it took time to construct the slope.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to form a vegetation base which enables the vegetation of natural plants to be used as it is as a local measure.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and has a plurality of radially formed blade members,
The present invention relates to an earth retaining member comprising a guide member for guiding an anchor member formed at a base end portion of the blade member and an anchor member driven into the ground via the guide member.

The present invention also relates to an earth retaining member, wherein the blade member and the guide member are formed integrally or detachably. Further, the present invention relates to an earth retaining member, wherein the blade member is formed so as to be wide so that an upper end portion thereof gradually rises upward toward a front end portion.

[0013] Further, the present invention relates to an earth retaining member, wherein the blade member is formed with an uneven portion at a lower end portion thereof in order to improve a contact state with the ground. Furthermore, to a predetermined place on the slope, a soil retaining member to which a plurality of blade members are fixed by appropriate means on the guide member, is installed on the surface layer of the ground at predetermined intervals while facing adjacent blade members, After the anchor member inserted into the guide member is driven into the ground to fix the earth retaining member, the earth retaining member is covered with soil collected from the construction site or soil obtained by appropriately mixing the material with the surface soil to form a surface layer. The present invention relates to a slope protection method characterized by being formed.

[0014] Further, the present invention relates to a slope protection method characterized in that after fixing the earth retaining member, the earth retaining member is covered with a sand layer for preventing frost heaving and / or freezing and thawing, and then covered with topsoil.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an earth retaining member 1 of the present invention, which is a relatively gentle earth retaining member used for a gradient of about 10 to 18 minutes. A plurality of blade members 2, a guide member 3 formed at the base end of the blade member 2 for guiding an anchor member, and an anchor member 4 driven into the ground via the guide member 3. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Example 1

The blade member 2 shown in FIG.
Six blades extend radially from the center. The blade member 2 is a long strip, and is about 30 cm to 50 c in length.
m, a width of about 5 to 10 cm, and a thickness of about 1, 5 to 2 mm made of a steel plate are used. The guide member 3 has a cylindrical shape and is made of a steel plate as described above. The guide member 3 may be formed integrally with the blade member 2 or may be formed separately. When integrally formed, a guide member 3 is provided at the center as shown in FIG. 1, and a blade member 2 is integrally formed therearound by welding 5 or the like.

When formed as a separate body, appropriate fixing means for attaching the blade member 2 to the periphery of the guide member 3 or to the base end of the blade member 2 are formed so that the assembly can be easily performed at the construction site. I do. Various means are conceivable as the separate fixing means as shown in FIGS.

FIG. 2A shows a dovetail groove 6 formed on the outer periphery of the guide member 3, and a dovetail tenon 7 formed at the base end of the blade member 2 in the dovetail groove 6 from below the guide member 3. Both are attached by inserting.

FIG. 2B shows a tapered dovetail 8 formed on the outer periphery of the guide member 3 and a tapered dovetail 8 formed at the base end of the blade member 2 along the tapered dovetail 8. The ant tenon 9 is inserted from below the guide member 3 to attach them.

FIG. 2 (c) is a view obtained by reversing the fixing means of FIG. 2 (a), wherein a dovetail tenon 7 is formed on the outer periphery of the guide member 3 and a dovetail formed on the base end of the blade member 2. The dovetail tenon 7 of the guide member 3 is inserted into the groove 6 from below to attach them.

FIG. 3A shows a dovetail groove 6 formed on the outer periphery of the guide member 3, and a forked bifurcated leg 10 formed at the base end of the blade member 2 in the dovetail groove 6. Are inserted from below the guide member 3 to attach them.

FIG. 3 (b) shows an appropriate number of small grooves 11 formed on the outer periphery of the guide member 3 and having a large hole at the top and bottom of the guide member 3. Various small grooves 11 formed at the base end of the blade member 2 are formed in the small grooves 11. The projections 12 having a shape are inserted into the small grooves 11 and the guide members 3 are dropped to attach them.

FIG. 3C shows a groove 1 on the outer periphery of the guide member 3.
3, a suitable number of hook-shaped projections 14 are formed from the grooves 13, and a groove 15 formed at the base end of the blade member 2 is dropped into the hook-shaped projections 14 to attach them. .

FIG. 4A shows an appropriate number of through holes 16 formed on the outer periphery of the guide member 3, and a protrusion 17 having a hollow portion formed at the base end of the blade member 2 in the through hole 16. And insert the wedge-shaped member or the rod-shaped member 1 from above the guide member 3.
8 and the like are driven into the hollow portion of the projection 17 to attach them. In this case, a fixing means is formed so as not to interfere with the anchor member 4.

FIG. 4B shows a groove 19 or a step-like groove 19 ′ formed at the upper and lower ends of the guide member 3.
9 ′ is inserted with a protrusion 20 or a hook-like protrusion 21 formed at the top and bottom of the base end of the blade member 2 and whose tip slightly swells,
The two are attached by engaging each other. A spring-shaped projection may be used instead of the bulging projection 20.

FIG. 4C shows a dovetail groove 22 formed at the upper end of the guide member 3 and a groove 23 formed at the outer periphery. Dovetail groove 22
And by fitting them into the groove 23.

FIG. 5A shows a groove 2 on the outer periphery of the guide member 3.
5 are formed, a U-shaped mounting bracket 26 is mounted in the groove 25, and the base end of the blade member 2 is engaged with the U-shaped mounting bracket 26 via the U-shaped mounting bracket 26, thereby attaching the two.
In this case, the U-shaped mounting bracket 26 is attached to the base end of the blade member 2.
By providing a concave portion 27 into which the is inserted, the movement can be prevented.

FIG. 5B shows a hook-shaped projection 28 formed on the outer periphery of the guide member 3, and a U-shaped mounting bracket 29 attached to the base end of the blade member 2 is engaged with the hook-shaped projection 28. By doing so, both are attached. Various fixing means are conceivable.

In these cases, various fixing means are provided in consideration of the fact that the attachment between the blade member 2 and the guide member 3 is not detached due to the impact of the impact for driving the anchor member 4 into the ground. Adopted.

As shown in FIG. 6, it is also possible to mount the guide member 3 and the blade member 2 only partially in advance by welding 5 or the like, and to mount another blade member 2 at the construction site. . In this case, if the state in which the two are attached is a plane state or a state close to the plane state, the handling is convenient for transportation or construction.

The anchor member 4 is a long bar-shaped object such as a reinforcing bar, and has a length of about 50 cm to 150 cm. A hook 30 for locking is formed at one end, and a sharp portion 31 for insertion into the ground is formed at the other end. The diameter of the anchor member 4 is about 16 to 22
mm is used. For example, in the above-mentioned Aso field, etc., about 50 to 30 cm below the surface layer
Piled up, and that part becomes unstable ground,
Since the anchor member 4 is driven so as to penetrate the layer and reach the lower layer, a length of about 100 cm is used. When embankment is performed, a material having a length of about 150 cm is used. Further, if necessary, by forming irregularities or the like around the rod-like body, it is possible to increase friction with the ground and to prevent the rod from coming off.

Since the anchor member 4 is a rod-shaped long object,
Just by driving the rod-shaped body into the ground, the earth retaining member 1 of the present invention is fixed to the ground, and the construction is extremely simple. It is also possible to drive into a layer mixed with stone. Further, since the construction can be performed without using a solidifying material such as mortar and concrete, maintenance after the construction can be easily performed. The blade member 2, the guide member 3, the anchor member 4 and the like are subjected to a treatment such as galvanization to maintain their strength.

The earth retaining member 1 having the above structure is used on a slope having a slope of about 10 to 18 minutes, and FIG. 7 shows the state of use. As a construction method, first, a guide member 3 is placed in a predetermined place to be a construction place.
And the blade member 2 are installed on the surface layer of the ground. When the guide member 3 and the blade member 2 are fixed in advance, the guide member 3 and the blade member 2
Are formed separately, the guide member 3
And the blade member 2 are installed.

Adjacent earth retaining members 1 are installed facing each other so that a slight gap is formed between the blade members 2. In FIG. 7, since six blade members 2 attached at equal intervals are used, when the adjacent blade members 2 of the earth retaining member 1 are installed facing each other, a substantially regular triangle A is formed by the blade members 2. Is formed. Therefore, the surface soil surrounded by the equilateral triangle A is prevented from moving by the blade member 2.

After the blade member 2 and the guide member 3 are installed, the anchor member 4 is inserted from the guide member 3 to
The side is driven into the ground, and the hook 30 at the tip is locked and fixed to the guide member 3. The above-mentioned anchor member 4
The tip side penetrates the surface soil and the unstable ground layer and reaches the lower relatively strong layer. Therefore, the anchor member 4 secures a firmly fixed state with the ground, and prevents movement of the entire soil.

The earth retaining member 1 fixed to the ground by the above-described construction method has a structure in which six blade members 2 extending radially at equal intervals have a slight length when the length of the blade members 2 is about 30 cm. Even if a large gap is formed, an equilateral triangle A having a side of about 60 cm is formed with the adjacent blade members 2. Then, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9,
Sand for preventing frost heaving and / or freezing and thawing is coated from above the earth retaining member 1 by means such as spraying. The sand layer 32 forms a layer having a thickness of about 5 cm. Therefore, the sand layer 32 is formed to such an extent that the upper end of the substantially blade member 2 is hidden.

Further, from the upper part of the sand layer 32, the topsoil collected at the construction site is covered with other materials as appropriate to form a surface layer 33. As a mixed material, a cellulosic erosion preventing material can be mixed. This surface layer 33 is also a layer having a thickness of about 5 cm. As the above-mentioned top soil, it is preferable to use the top soil of the place, but if that is not possible, the lower soil can be used. In that case, the topsoil can be reduced to about 30%.
In order to obtain topsoil, topsoil including seeds, rhizomes, roots and the like of plants generated after excavation is cut into pieces, and the size of the lump is adjusted, mixed with sand and sandy soil, and sprayed. Alternatively, it is sucked and transported by a suction machine. Also, after adjusting the size of the topsoil mass,
It is also possible to mix water or an adhesive, suction with a vacuum device, and transport. Spraying to a predetermined place may be performed while adjusting the spraying strength, amount, and the like. Example 2

In the above construction method, the sand layer 32 and the surface layer 33
About 10 cm in thickness was adopted, but the surface layer 3
3 alone. The thickness can be formed in the range of about 5 cm to 20 cm as needed. In order to prevent the movement of the layer from above the sand layer 32 or the surface layer 33, it is also possible to coat a perforated sheet or net-like one. Further, by appropriately mixing a fiber material or the like into the sand layer 32 and / or the surface layer 33, the layer thickness can be further increased. Example 3

FIG. 10 shows a blade member 2 in which the width is increased toward the tip. The lower end face is formed in a substantially horizontal state,
The upper end has a wide width that gradually rises upward toward the tip. In the case of this embodiment, when the construction is performed on site, the wide blade member 2 prevents the fall of the topsoil by adopting it on the bottom side of the horizontal portion which is the base of the equilateral triangle A shown in FIG. It becomes possible to do. Example 4

FIG. 11 shows a blade member 2 having a lower end portion in contact with the ground formed with an uneven portion for improving the state of contact with the ground. The shape of the uneven portion is not particularly limited, and may be any shape as long as the contact state with the ground is good. Example 5

FIG. 12 shows a state where the earth retaining member 1 in which the number of the blade members 2 is changed is constructed. FIG.
(A) is a construction in which an earth retaining member 1 composed of three blade members 2 is constructed. In this case, the space surrounded by the adjacent blade members 2 is a substantially regular hexagon B. This regular hexagon B
It is conceivable that the surface soil surrounded by is gathered more in the lower guide member 3 portion, but this portion is strongly fixed in the ground by the anchor member 4, and the arrangement is effective in terms of strength.

FIG. 12B shows an example in which an earth retaining member 1 composed of four blade members 2 is installed. In this case, the space surrounded by the adjacent blade members 2 is a substantially square C. In the above embodiment, the earth retaining member 1 of the present invention describes a slope such as a wilderness. However, the invention is not limited to such a slope.
It can be used in various places such as river slopes and seawall slopes.

【The invention's effect】

The earth retaining member 1 according to the present invention has a simple structure and a surface layer of a volcanic ash or shirasu with a simple construction, or a surface layer of a river embankment or the like constructed by recycling construction waste. Can prevent the unstable slope from collapsing and stabilize the slope. Moreover, soil retaining can be done while keeping the vegetation in the area as it is,
After completion, it became possible to obtain a lush landscape that is no different from the natural state of the past. In addition, the conventional means for holding the surface layer with a wire mesh may fall down from the unstable layer below the wire layer.Moreover, when performing cutting or the like at a predetermined time as maintenance, the cutting tool is often caught on the mesh. However, since the earth retaining member 1 of the present invention is fixed to the lower layer having a relatively high strength, there is no possibility that the earth retaining member 1 is lifted up like a net, and the slope can be prevented from collapsing and maintenance such as smooth cutting can be performed. It became possible to do.

The surface soil contains the roots and seeds of the plants in the area, and in the case of grassland, about 1-2 years later, and in the case of afforestation, after 10 to 15 years have passed, the slope will be lost. Vegetation that is no different from nature. Therefore, even if the effect of the rust prevention treatment of the blade member, the anchor member and the like is lost and they become rusted, at that time, as described above, the slope having the surface layer which is not changed from the natural state is formed. That is to say, there is no problem even if rust or the like occurs on those members.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an earth retaining member of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a connecting portion between a blade member and a guide member.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a connecting portion between a blade member and a guide member.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a connecting portion between a blade member and a guide member.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a connecting portion between a blade member and a guide member.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a connecting portion between a blade member and a guide member.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state where the earth retaining member of the present invention is installed.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a state where the earth retaining member of the present invention is installed.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view showing a state where the earth retaining member of the present invention is installed.

FIG. 10 is a partial sectional front view showing the shape of a blade member.

FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing the shape of a blade member.

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a state where another earth retaining member of the present invention is installed.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a state in which the ground has collapsed.

FIG. 14 is a front view of a surface soil fall prevention material of a conventional example.

FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a state in which a surface soil fall prevention material of a conventional example is constructed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, soil retaining member 2, blade member 3, guide member 4, anchor member 5, welding 6, dovetail 7, dovetail 8, tapered dovetail 9, tapered dovetail 10, bifurcated leg 11, small groove 12, projection 13, groove 14, hook-shaped projection 15, groove 16, through-hole 17, hollow projection 18, rod-shaped member 19, 19 ', groove 20, bulging projection 21, hook-shaped projection 22, dovetail groove 23, groove 24, dovetail tenon 25, groove 26, U-shaped mounting bracket 27, concave portion 28, hook-shaped projection 29, U-shaped mounting bracket 30, hook 31, sharp portion 32, sand layer 33, surface layer

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of blade members formed radially, a guide member for guiding an anchor member formed at a base end of the blade member, and an anchor member driven into the ground via the guide member. An earth retaining member characterized by being formed. 2. The earth retaining member according to claim 1, wherein the blade member and the guide member are formed integrally. 3. The earth retaining member according to claim 1, wherein the blade member and the guide member are detachably formed. 4. The soil according to claim 1, wherein the blade member is formed so as to be wide so that an upper end portion thereof gradually rises upward toward a front end portion. Fastening member. 5. The earth retaining device according to claim 1, wherein the blade member is formed with an uneven portion at a lower end portion thereof in order to improve a contact state with the ground. Element. 6. A soil retaining member having a plurality of blade members fixed to a guide member by a suitable means at a predetermined place on a slope, and a soil retaining member on a surface layer of the ground at a predetermined interval with adjacent blade members facing each other. After installing and anchoring the earth retaining member by driving the anchor member inserted into the guide member into the ground, covering the earth retaining member with the top soil collected at the construction site or the soil obtained by appropriately mixing the material into the top soil. A slope protection method characterized in that a surface layer is formed on the surface. 7. The slope protection method according to claim 6, wherein after fixing the earth retaining member, the soil retaining member is covered with a sand layer for preventing frost heaving and / or freezing and thawing, and then covered with topsoil.