JP2001061796A - Pulse wave sensor - Google Patents
Pulse wave sensorInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001061796A JP2001061796A JP24538199A JP24538199A JP2001061796A JP 2001061796 A JP2001061796 A JP 2001061796A JP 24538199 A JP24538199 A JP 24538199A JP 24538199 A JP24538199 A JP 24538199A JP 2001061796 A JP2001061796 A JP 2001061796A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- receiving element
- pulse wave
- wave sensor
- transmitting plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、発光素子と受光素
子を有する反射型の脈波センサに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reflection type pulse wave sensor having a light emitting element and a light receiving element.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、光学式の脈波計測装置とし
て、例えば図１０に示すように、発光素子１００と受光
素子１１０を並べて配置した反射型の脈波センサが公知
である。この脈波センサは、発光素子１００と受光素子
１１０の上部に透光板１２０（例えばガラス板）が設け
られ、この透光板１２０の表面を人体の皮膚表面に密着
させて使用するもので、発光素子１００から人体に向け
て光を照射し、反射してきた光を受光素子１１０で受光
して、その受光量の変化により人体の脈波を計測してい
る。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an optical pulse wave measuring device, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a reflection type pulse wave sensor in which a light emitting element 100 and a light receiving element 110 are arranged side by side is known. In this pulse wave sensor, a light-transmitting plate 120 (for example, a glass plate) is provided above the light-emitting element 100 and the light-receiving element 110, and the surface of the light-transmitting plate 120 is used in close contact with the skin surface of a human body. Light is emitted from the light emitting element 100 toward the human body, the reflected light is received by the light receiving element 110, and the pulse wave of the human body is measured based on a change in the amount of received light.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、反射型の脈
波センサは、発光素子１００と受光素子１１０とを並べ
て配置しているため、図１０に破線矢印で示すように、
人体の皮膚表面と透光板１２０の表面との界面で反射し
た光がノイズ光として受光素子１１０に入り込んでしま
う。この場合、人体の動き等によって皮膚と透光板１２
０との密着度が変わると、皮膚表面における反射率が変
化して、受光素子１１０に入る受光量が変動することに
より、人体の脈波を正常に計測できなくなるという問題
があった。また、外部からの光（例えば太陽光や螢光燈
の光）がノイズ光として受光素子１１０に入ると、その
入射量の変動に伴って受光量が変動するため、外部から
の光を極力遮断する必要がある。本発明は、上記事情に
基づいて成されたもので、その目的は、ノイズ光を低減
でき、検出確率の高い脈波センサを提供することにあ
る。However, in the reflection type pulse wave sensor, since the light emitting element 100 and the light receiving element 110 are arranged side by side, as shown by a broken line arrow in FIG.
Light reflected at the interface between the skin surface of the human body and the surface of the light transmitting plate 120 enters the light receiving element 110 as noise light. In this case, the skin and the light transmitting plate 12
When the degree of close contact with 0 changes, the reflectance on the skin surface changes, and the amount of light received by the light receiving element 110 fluctuates, so that there is a problem that pulse waves of a human body cannot be measured normally. Also, when external light (eg, sunlight or fluorescent light) enters the light receiving element 110 as noise light, the amount of received light fluctuates in accordance with the change in the amount of incident light. There is a need to. The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pulse wave sensor that can reduce noise light and has a high detection probability.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】（請求項１の手段）本発
明の脈波センサは、発光素子から照射された光のうち、
人体の皮膚表面と透光板の表面との界面で反射した光が
受光素子へ入ることを阻止する遮光部材を設けたことを
特徴とする。これにより、人体の皮膚表面と透光板の表
面との界面で反射する光の影響を抑制できるため、ノイ
ズ光による誤検出を低減でき、検出確率を向上できる。(Means for Solving the Problems) A pulse wave sensor according to the present invention is a pulse wave sensor which emits
A light-blocking member is provided to prevent light reflected at the interface between the skin surface of the human body and the surface of the light-transmitting plate from entering the light-receiving element. Thus, the influence of light reflected at the interface between the skin surface of the human body and the surface of the light transmitting plate can be suppressed, so that erroneous detection due to noise light can be reduced and the detection probability can be improved.
【０００５】（請求項２の手段）請求項１に記載した脈
波センサにおいて、遮光部材は、透光板を発光素子側と
受光素子側とに分離して両者間に配され、且つ発光素子
と受光素子との間にまで介在されている。この構成によ
れば、発光素子から照射された光のうち、界面で反射し
た光が遮光部材より受光素子側へ入り込むことを略確実
に阻止できる。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the pulse wave sensor according to the first aspect, the light shielding member is provided by separating the light transmitting plate into a light emitting element side and a light receiving element side. And the light receiving element. According to this configuration, of the light emitted from the light emitting element, the light reflected at the interface can be almost certainly prevented from entering the light receiving element side from the light blocking member.
【０００６】（請求項３の手段）請求項１及び２に記載
した脈波センサにおいて、遮光部材は、少なくとも受光
素子側の表面が黒色である。この場合、受光素子側の遮
光部材の表面で反射する光を低減できるので、更に受光
素子に対して大きな入射角度で入射してくるノイズ光の
影響を抑制できる。According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the pulse wave sensor according to the first or second aspect, at least the surface of the light shielding member on the light receiving element side is black. In this case, since the light reflected on the surface of the light shielding element on the light receiving element side can be reduced, the influence of noise light incident on the light receiving element at a large incident angle can be further suppressed.
【０００７】（請求項４の手段）請求項１及び２に記載
した脈波センサにおいて、遮光部材は、発光素子側の表
面が鏡面である。この場合、界面での反射光を遮断でき
るだけでなく、発光素子から照射された光を鏡面によっ
て有効に人体に投光できるため、検出感度を向上でき
る。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the pulse wave sensor according to the first or second aspect, the light shielding member has a mirror surface on the light emitting element side. In this case, not only the light reflected at the interface can be blocked, but also the light emitted from the light emitting element can be effectively projected on the human body by the mirror surface, so that the detection sensitivity can be improved.
【０００８】（請求項５の手段）本発明の脈波センサ
は、透光板に対し受光素子を所定距離だけ下げた位置に
配置したことを特徴とする。例えば脈波センサを人体の
指に取り付けて使用する場合、太陽光や螢光燈などの光
（外乱光と呼ぶ）は、指を導光体として受光素子に入射
することがある。この外乱光は、指の皮膚を導光してく
ると思われることから、受光素子には大きな入射角度で
入射してくると考えられる。そこで、透光板に受光素子
を近接して配置した場合より、透光板に対し受光素子を
所定距離だけ下げた位置に配置した方が、透光板を透過
して受光素子に入り込む光の入射角が小さくなるため、
受光素子に入る外乱光を低減することが可能である。そ
の結果、外乱光の影響による誤検出を低減でき、検出確
率を向上できる。The pulse wave sensor according to the present invention is characterized in that the light receiving element is disposed at a position lower than the light transmitting plate by a predetermined distance. For example, when the pulse wave sensor is used by attaching it to a finger of a human body, light such as sunlight or fluorescent light (referred to as disturbance light) may enter the light receiving element using the finger as a light guide. Since it is considered that the disturbance light guides the skin of the finger, it is considered that the disturbance light enters the light receiving element at a large incident angle. Therefore, when the light receiving element is disposed at a position lower than the light transmitting plate by a predetermined distance than when the light receiving element is disposed close to the light transmitting plate, the light transmitted through the light transmitting plate and entering the light receiving element is reduced. Because the angle of incidence is small,
It is possible to reduce disturbance light entering the light receiving element. As a result, erroneous detection due to the influence of disturbance light can be reduced, and the detection probability can be improved.
【０００９】（請求項６の手段）請求項５に記載した脈
波センサにおいて、発光素子を受光素子より透光板に近
接して配置している。この場合、発光素子を透光板に近
接させることで、発光素子から人体までの光路長をより
短くできるので、発光素子から照射された光を有効に人
体に投光でき、検出感度が向上する。According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the pulse wave sensor according to the fifth aspect, the light emitting element is arranged closer to the light transmitting plate than the light receiving element. In this case, since the light path length from the light emitting element to the human body can be further reduced by bringing the light emitting element close to the light transmitting plate, light emitted from the light emitting element can be effectively projected on the human body, and the detection sensitivity is improved. .
【００１０】（請求項７の手段）請求項５及び６に記載
した脈波センサにおいて、受光素子の上部に光の入射角
度を制限する窓を設けている。この場合、窓の開口幅を
適宜に選択することで、受光素子に入射する光の入射角
度を制限できるため、入射角度の大きい外乱光を効果的
に遮断できる。(Means of Claim 7) In the pulse wave sensor according to claims 5 and 6, a window for limiting the incident angle of light is provided above the light receiving element. In this case, by appropriately selecting the opening width of the window, the incident angle of light incident on the light receiving element can be limited, so that disturbance light having a large incident angle can be effectively blocked.
【００１１】（請求項８の手段）本発明の脈波センサ
は、入射角が所定値以上の光を遮断できるライトコント
ロールフィルムを受光素子の上部に設けたことを特徴と
する。請求項５の手段に記載したように、指の皮膚を導
光してくる外乱光は、受光素子に対し大きな入射角度で
入射していると考えられる。従って、受光素子の上部に
ライトコントロールフィルムを設けることで、入射角が
所定値以上の外乱光をカットできるため、外乱光の影響
による誤検出を低減でき、検出確率を向上できる。The pulse wave sensor according to the present invention is characterized in that a light control film capable of blocking light having an incident angle of a predetermined value or more is provided on the light receiving element. As described above, it is considered that the disturbance light that guides the skin of the finger is incident on the light receiving element at a large incident angle. Therefore, by providing the light control film above the light receiving element, disturbance light having an incident angle equal to or larger than a predetermined value can be cut, so that erroneous detection due to the influence of disturbance light can be reduced and the detection probability can be improved.
【００１２】（請求項９の手段）請求項８に記載した脈
波センサにおいて、ライトコントロールフィルムを透光
板として用いている。例えば、透光板にライトコントロ
ールフィルムを重ねて使用した場合、両者の屈折率が異
なるために、透光板とフィルムとの界面で反射が生じ
る。そこで、ライトコントロールフィルムを透光板とし
て用いれば、界面での反射を無くすことができる。ま
た、透光板にライトコントロールフィルムを重ねて使用
する場合は、当然ながら部品点数が増加し、且つ両者の
屈折率を調整液等によって調整する必要が生じるため、
コストが高くなってしまう。これに対し、ライトコント
ロールフィルムを透光板として用いれば、部品点数が増
えることはなく、且つ屈折率の調整も不要であるため、
コストを低く抑えることが可能である。(Means of Claim 9) In the pulse wave sensor according to claim 8, a light control film is used as a light transmitting plate. For example, when a light control film is used on a light-transmitting plate, reflection occurs at the interface between the light-transmitting plate and the film because the two layers have different refractive indices. Therefore, if the light control film is used as a light transmitting plate, reflection at the interface can be eliminated. Also, when the light control film is used on the light-transmitting plate, the number of parts naturally increases, and it is necessary to adjust the refractive indexes of the two with an adjusting liquid or the like.
The cost increases. On the other hand, if the light control film is used as the light-transmitting plate, the number of components does not increase, and the adjustment of the refractive index is not necessary.
Costs can be kept low.
【００１３】（請求項１０の手段）本発明の脈波センサ
は、波長が７００ｎｍ以上の光を遮断できるＩＲカット
フィルタを受光素子の上部に設けたことを特徴とする。
請求項５の手段にも記載したように、脈波センサを人体
の指に取り付けて使用する場合、外乱光が指を導光体と
して受光素子に入射することがある。しかし、波長が７
００ｎｍ以下の光は、指を導光体として受光素子まで到
達しないことが判明されている。そこで、波長が７００
ｎｍ以上の光を遮断できるＩＲカットフィルタを受光素
子の上部に設けることで、指を導光体として入り込む外
乱光をカットすることができる。その結果、外乱光の影
響による誤検出を低減でき、検出確率を向上できる。The pulse wave sensor according to the present invention is characterized in that an IR cut filter capable of blocking light having a wavelength of 700 nm or more is provided above the light receiving element.
In the case where the pulse wave sensor is used by attaching it to a finger of a human body, disturbance light may be incident on the light receiving element using the finger as a light guide. However, if the wavelength is 7
It has been found that light of 00 nm or less does not reach the light receiving element using the finger as a light guide. Therefore, if the wavelength is 700
By providing an IR cut filter capable of blocking light of nm or more above the light receiving element, it is possible to cut disturbance light that enters with a finger as a light guide. As a result, erroneous detection due to the influence of disturbance light can be reduced, and the detection probability can be improved.
【００１４】（請求項１１の手段）請求項１０に記載し
た脈波センサにおいて、ＩＲカットフィルタを透光板と
して用いている。例えば、透光板にＩＲカットフィルタ
を重ねて使用した場合、両者の屈折率が異なるために、
透光板とフィルタとの界面で反射が生じる。そこで、Ｉ
Ｒカットフィルタを透光板として用いれば、界面での反
射を無くすことができる。また、透光板にＩＲカットフ
ィルタを重ねて使用する場合は、当然ながら部品点数が
増加し、且つ両者の屈折率を調整液等によって調整する
必要が生じるため、コストが高くなってしまう。これに
対し、ＩＲカットフィルタを透光板として用いれば、部
品点数が増えることはなく、且つ屈折率の調整も不要で
あるため、コストを低く抑えることが可能である。(Means of Claim 11) In the pulse wave sensor according to claim 10, an IR cut filter is used as a light transmitting plate. For example, when an IR cut filter is used by overlapping it on a light-transmitting plate, the two have different refractive indices.
Reflection occurs at the interface between the light transmitting plate and the filter. Then I
If an R-cut filter is used as the light-transmitting plate, reflection at the interface can be eliminated. In addition, when an IR cut filter is used by being superimposed on a light-transmitting plate, the number of components naturally increases, and the refractive index of both need to be adjusted with an adjusting liquid or the like, so that the cost increases. On the other hand, if the IR cut filter is used as the light-transmitting plate, the number of components does not increase and the adjustment of the refractive index is not required, so that the cost can be reduced.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】次に、本発明の実施の形態を実施
例に基づいて説明する。 （第１実施例）図１は人体の指と脈波センサの断面図で
ある。本実施例の脈波センサ１は、図１に示すように、
上面に開口部を有するパッケージ２、このパッケージ２
に収納される発光素子３と受光素子４、パッケージ２の
開口部に取り付けられる透光板５、及び発光素子３と受
光素子４との間に配される遮光部材６等より構成され、
図２に示すように、固定用ベルト７によって人体の指Ｆ
に装着して使用される。Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a finger of a human body and a pulse wave sensor. The pulse wave sensor 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Package 2 having an opening on the top surface, this package 2
A light-transmitting plate 5 attached to the opening of the package 2, a light-shielding member 6 disposed between the light-emitting element 3 and the light-receiving element 4, and the like.
As shown in FIG. 2, the finger F of the human body is
Used by being attached to.
【００１６】パッケージ２の内部には、図示しない回路
基板が固定され、この回路基板に電子部品である発光素
子３（例えばＬＥＤ）と受光素子４（例えばＰＤ）とが
並んで実装されている。透光板５は、光を透過できる例
えばガラス板であり、遮光部材６によって発光素子３側
と受光素子４側とに分離されている。遮光部材６は、光
を透過できない構成で、図１に示すように、所定の厚み
を有する板状に設けられて、発光素子３と受光素子４と
の間に介在され、透光板５及びパッケージ２の内部を発
光素子３側と受光素子４側とに分離している。A circuit board (not shown) is fixed inside the package 2, and a light emitting element 3 (eg, LED) and a light receiving element 4 (eg, PD), which are electronic components, are mounted side by side on the circuit board. The light transmitting plate 5 is, for example, a glass plate that can transmit light, and is separated into a light emitting element 3 side and a light receiving element 4 side by a light shielding member 6. The light-blocking member 6 has a configuration that cannot transmit light and is provided in a plate shape having a predetermined thickness as shown in FIG. 1 and is interposed between the light-emitting element 3 and the light-receiving element 4. The inside of the package 2 is separated into a light emitting element 3 side and a light receiving element 4 side.
【００１７】固定用ベルト７は、受光素子４に外乱光が
入り込むのを防止するために、例えば脈波センサ１の周
囲を半径８mmの範囲で覆うことができるだけのベルト幅
を有している。なお、固定用ベルト７には、図示しない
信号線を介して脈波センサ１の回路基板に接続される回
路部８が取り付けられている（図２参照）。この回路部
８には、増幅回路と送信回路とが形成され、脈波センサ
１から信号線を通じて送られた検出信号を増幅して別体
の受信機に送信することができる。The fixing belt 7 has a belt width enough to cover the periphery of the pulse wave sensor 1 with a radius of 8 mm, for example, in order to prevent disturbance light from entering the light receiving element 4. A circuit section 8 connected to a circuit board of the pulse wave sensor 1 via a signal line (not shown) is attached to the fixing belt 7 (see FIG. 2). The circuit section 8 includes an amplification circuit and a transmission circuit, and can amplify a detection signal sent from the pulse wave sensor 1 through a signal line and transmit the amplified detection signal to a separate receiver.
【００１８】次に、本実施例の作動及び効果を説明す
る。発光素子３から照射された光は、その一部が指Ｆの
内部を通る毛細動脈９に当たって毛細動脈９を流れる血
液中のヘモグロビンに吸収され、残りの光が毛細動脈９
で反射して散乱し、一部が受光素子４に入射する。ここ
で、血液の脈動により、毛細動脈９にあるヘモグロビン
の量が波動的に変化するので、ヘモグロビンに吸収され
る光も波動的に変化する。その結果、毛細動脈９で反射
して受光素子４に入射する光も変化し、その変化量が脈
波となる。Next, the operation and effect of this embodiment will be described. Part of the light emitted from the light emitting element 3 hits the capillary artery 9 passing through the inside of the finger F and is absorbed by hemoglobin in the blood flowing through the capillary artery 9, and the remaining light is absorbed by the capillary artery 9.
The light is reflected and scattered, and a part of the light is incident on the light receiving element 4. Here, since the amount of hemoglobin in the capillary arteries 9 changes in a wave-like manner due to the pulsation of blood, the light absorbed by the hemoglobin also changes in a wave-like manner. As a result, the light reflected by the capillary artery 9 and incident on the light receiving element 4 also changes, and the change amount becomes a pulse wave.
【００１９】但し、発光素子３から照射された光の一部
が、透光板５の表面と指Ｆの皮膚表面との界面で反射
し、再び透光板５に戻ってしまう場合がある。この場
合、前記界面での反射光が受光素子４に入ると、正常に
脈波を計測することが困難である。これに対し、本実施
例の脈波センサ１では、遮光部材６によって透光板５を
発光素子３側と受光素子４側とに分離し、更に発光素子
３と受光素子４との間にまで遮光部材６を配置している
ので、発光素子３から照射された光のうち、前記界面で
反射した光が遮光部材６より受光素子４側へ入り込むこ
とを阻止できる。その結果、図１に示すように、前記界
面で反射した光が直接受光素子４に入射することはな
く、脈波の計測において反射光の影響を排除できるた
め、検出確率を向上できる。However, a part of the light emitted from the light emitting element 3 may be reflected at the interface between the surface of the light transmitting plate 5 and the skin surface of the finger F and return to the light transmitting plate 5 again. In this case, when light reflected at the interface enters the light receiving element 4, it is difficult to measure a pulse wave normally. On the other hand, in the pulse wave sensor 1 of the present embodiment, the light transmitting plate 5 is separated into the light emitting element 3 side and the light receiving element 4 side by the light shielding member 6, Since the light-blocking member 6 is provided, of the light emitted from the light-emitting element 3, light reflected at the interface can be prevented from entering the light-receiving element 4 side from the light-blocking member 6. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the light reflected at the interface does not directly enter the light receiving element 4, and the influence of the reflected light can be eliminated in the measurement of the pulse wave, so that the detection probability can be improved.
【００２０】（第１実施例の変形例）上記の遮光部材６
は、少なくとも受光素子４側の表面を黒色にすると良
い。この場合、受光素子４側の遮光部材６の表面で反射
する光を低減できるので、受光素子４にノイズ光が入り
込む確率を小さくできる。また、遮光部材６は、発光素
子３側の表面を鏡面としても良い。この場合、前記界面
での反射光を遮断できるだけでなく、発光素子３から照
射された光を鏡面によって有効に人体に投光できるた
め、検出感度を向上できる効果も生じる。更に、上記の
実施例では、固定用ベルト７に回路部８を設けて、回路
部８から受信機へ送信する構成であるが、例えばマイク
ロコンピュータを内蔵する腕時計型の脈波計測装置を設
け、この計測装置と脈波センサ１とを直接リード線で接
続しても良い。(Modification of First Embodiment) The above-mentioned light shielding member 6
It is preferable that at least the surface on the light receiving element 4 side be black. In this case, since the light reflected on the surface of the light shielding member 6 on the light receiving element 4 side can be reduced, the probability that noise light enters the light receiving element 4 can be reduced. Further, the light-shielding member 6 may have a mirror surface on the light-emitting element 3 side. In this case, not only the reflected light at the interface can be blocked, but also the light emitted from the light emitting element 3 can be effectively projected on the human body by the mirror surface, so that the effect of improving the detection sensitivity also occurs. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the circuit unit 8 is provided on the fixing belt 7 and the circuit unit 8 transmits the signal to the receiver. For example, a wristwatch-type pulse wave measuring device incorporating a microcomputer is provided. The measuring device and the pulse wave sensor 1 may be directly connected by a lead wire.
【００２１】（第２実施例）本実施例の脈波センサ１
は、指Ｆを導光体として受光素子４に入射する外乱光を
低減するために、透光板５に対し受光素子４を下げて配
置した一例である。つまり、図３に示すように、透光板
５から受光素子４を離して配置し、透光板５の表面と受
光素子４の受光面との間に所定の距離ｓ（例えば０．５
〜２mm）を設けている。太陽光や螢光燈等の光（外乱
光）が受光素子４に入射する場合、指Ｆの皮膚を導光し
て受光素子４まで到達するものと考えられる。(Second Embodiment) The pulse wave sensor 1 of the present embodiment
Is an example in which the light receiving element 4 is disposed lower than the light transmitting plate 5 in order to reduce disturbance light incident on the light receiving element 4 using the finger F as a light guide. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the light receiving element 4 is disposed apart from the light transmitting plate 5 and a predetermined distance s (for example, 0.5
２2 mm). When light (disturbance light) such as sunlight or fluorescent light enters the light receiving element 4, it is considered that the light guides the skin of the finger F and reaches the light receiving element 4.
【００２２】そこで、受光素子４を透光板５に対し下げ
て配置すると、透光板５を透過して受光素子４まで到達
できる光の入射角θが小さくなるため、指Ｆの皮膚を導
光してくる様な入射角θの大きな外乱光を阻止すること
が可能である。その結果、外乱光の影響による誤検出を
低減でき、検出確率を向上できる。但し、本実施例の場
合、透光板５に対し受光素子４を下げて配置しているだ
けで、発光素子３は出来るだけ透光板５に近接して配置
した方が望ましい。透光板５に対し発光素子３を近接さ
せた方が、発光素子３から指Ｆの毛細動脈９までの光路
長をより短くできるため、発光素子３から照射された光
を有効に人体に投光でき、検出感度が向上する。なお、
図１に示したように、本実施例と第１実施例とを組み合
わせて構成することにより、各実施例に記載した効果を
合わせて得ることができることは言うまでもない。Therefore, when the light receiving element 4 is disposed lower than the light transmitting plate 5, the incident angle θ of the light that can pass through the light transmitting plate 5 and reach the light receiving element 4 becomes small, and the skin of the finger F is guided. It is possible to prevent disturbance light having a large incident angle θ that emits light. As a result, erroneous detection due to the influence of disturbance light can be reduced, and the detection probability can be improved. However, in the case of this embodiment, it is preferable that the light-emitting element 3 is arranged as close to the light-transmitting plate 5 as possible, only by arranging the light-receiving element 4 lower than the light-transmitting plate 5. Since the light path length from the light emitting element 3 to the capillary artery 9 of the finger F can be made shorter by bringing the light emitting element 3 closer to the light transmitting plate 5, the light emitted from the light emitting element 3 is effectively projected on the human body. Light can be emitted, and the detection sensitivity is improved. In addition,
As shown in FIG. 1, it is needless to say that by combining this embodiment with the first embodiment, the effects described in each embodiment can be obtained in combination.
【００２３】（第３実施例）本実施例の脈波センサ１
は、図４に示すように、受光素子４の上部にライトコン
トロールフィルム１０を配置した一例である。指Ｆの皮
膚を導光してくる外乱光は、受光素子４に対し大きな入
射角度で入射していると考えられる。何故なら、図５に
示す特性（入射角θが３５度以上の光を透過させない）
を持ったフィルムを受光素子４の上部に設けて外乱光の
影響を調べたところ、図６に示すように、外乱光の揺ら
ぎの影響が小さくなる結果が得られた。従って、受光素
子４の上部にライトコントロールフィルム１０を配置す
ることで、入射角が所定値（例えば３５度）以上の外乱
光をカットできるため、外乱光の影響による誤検出を低
減でき、検出確率を向上できる。なお、脈波センサ１を
固定用ベルト７で指Ｆに装着した場合、脈波センサ１に
対し指Ｆの周方向は固定用ベルト７で覆われているた
め、外乱光は指Ｆの長さ方向から導光される。従って、
ライトコントロールフィルム１０は、指Ｆの長さ方向に
フィルム１０の角度依存性を持たせて使用する必要があ
る。(Third Embodiment) The pulse wave sensor 1 of the present embodiment
Is an example in which a light control film 10 is disposed above the light receiving element 4 as shown in FIG. It is considered that the disturbance light that guides the skin of the finger F is incident on the light receiving element 4 at a large incident angle. This is because the characteristics shown in FIG. 5 (the light having an incident angle θ of 35 degrees or more is not transmitted)
When the influence of disturbance light was examined by providing a film having the above on the light receiving element 4, as shown in FIG. 6, a result was obtained in which the influence of disturbance light fluctuation was reduced. Therefore, by disposing the light control film 10 above the light receiving element 4, disturbance light having an incident angle equal to or more than a predetermined value (for example, 35 degrees) can be cut, so that erroneous detection due to the influence of disturbance light can be reduced, and the detection probability can be reduced. Can be improved. When the pulse wave sensor 1 is worn on the finger F with the fixing belt 7, the circumferential direction of the finger F is covered by the fixing belt 7 with respect to the pulse wave sensor 1, so that the disturbance light is the length of the finger F. It is guided from a direction. Therefore,
The light control film 10 needs to be used with the angle dependence of the film 10 in the length direction of the finger F.
【００２４】本実施例の場合、ライトコントロールフィ
ルム１０を透光板５として使用することもできる。例え
ば、透光板５にライトコントロールフィルム１０を重ね
て使用した場合、両者の屈折率が異なるために、透光板
５とフィルム１０との界面で反射が生じる。そこで、ラ
イトコントロールフィルム１０を透光板５として用いれ
ば、界面での反射を無くすことができる。また、透光板
５にライトコントロールフィルム１０を重ねて使用する
場合は、当然ながら部品点数が増加し、且つ両者の屈折
率を調整液等によって調整する必要が生じるため、コス
トが高くなってしまう。これに対し、ライトコントロー
ルフィルム１０を透光板５として用いれば、部品点数が
増えることはなく、且つ屈折率の調整も不要であるた
め、コストを低く抑えることが可能である。In this embodiment, the light control film 10 can be used as the light transmitting plate 5. For example, when the light control film 10 is used by being superposed on the light transmitting plate 5, reflection occurs at the interface between the light transmitting plate 5 and the film 10 because the two have different refractive indices. Therefore, if the light control film 10 is used as the light transmitting plate 5, reflection at the interface can be eliminated. In addition, when the light control film 10 is used by being superposed on the light transmitting plate 5, the number of parts naturally increases, and the refractive index of both need to be adjusted with an adjusting liquid or the like, so that the cost increases. . On the other hand, if the light control film 10 is used as the light-transmitting plate 5, the number of components does not increase and the adjustment of the refractive index is not required, so that the cost can be reduced.
【００２５】（第４実施例）本発明の脈波センサ１は、
図７に示すように、受光素子４の上部にＩＲカットフィ
ルタ１１を配置した一例である。外乱光が指Ｆを導光体
として受光素子４に入射する場合、波長が７００ｎｍ以
下の光は、指Ｆを導光体として受光素子４まで到達でき
ないため、波長が７００ｎｍ以上の光だけを遮断できれ
ば良い。そこで、波長が７００ｎｍ以上の光を遮断でき
るＩＲカットフィルタ１１を受光素子４の上部に設ける
ことで、指Ｆを導光体として入り込む外乱光をカットす
ることができ、外乱光の影響による誤検出を低減できる
ので、検出確率を向上できる。(Fourth Embodiment) The pulse wave sensor 1 of the present invention
As shown in FIG. 7, this is an example in which an IR cut filter 11 is arranged above the light receiving element 4. When disturbance light enters the light receiving element 4 using the finger F as a light guide, light having a wavelength of 700 nm or less cannot reach the light receiving element 4 using the finger F as a light guide, and thus only light having a wavelength of 700 nm or more is blocked. Good if you can. Therefore, by providing an IR cut filter 11 capable of blocking light having a wavelength of 700 nm or more above the light receiving element 4, it is possible to cut disturbance light that enters the finger F as a light guide, and erroneous detection due to the influence of disturbance light. Can be reduced, so that the detection probability can be improved.
【００２６】本実施例の場合、ＩＲカットフィルタ１１
を透光板５として使用することもできる。例えば、透光
板５にＩＲカットフィルタ１１を重ねて使用した場合、
両者の屈折率が異なるために、透光板５とフィルタ１１
との界面で反射が生じる。そこで、ＩＲカットフィルタ
１１を透光板５として用いれば、界面での反射を無くす
ことができる。また、透光板５にＩＲカットフィルタ１
１を重ねて使用する場合は、当然ながら部品点数が増加
し、且つ両者の屈折率を調整液等によって調整する必要
が生じるため、コストが高くなってしまう。これに対
し、ＩＲカットフィルタ１１を透光板５として用いれ
ば、部品点数が増えることはなく、且つ屈折率の調整も
不要であるため、コストを低く抑えることが可能であ
る。In the case of this embodiment, the IR cut filter 11
Can be used as the light transmitting plate 5. For example, when the IR cut filter 11 is used by overlapping the light transmitting plate 5,
Since the two have different refractive indexes, the light transmitting plate 5 and the filter 11
Reflection occurs at the interface with. Therefore, if the IR cut filter 11 is used as the light transmitting plate 5, reflection at the interface can be eliminated. Further, the IR cut filter 1 is provided on the light transmitting plate 5.
When 1 is used in an overlapped manner, the number of parts naturally increases, and the refractive index of both need to be adjusted with an adjusting liquid or the like, so that the cost increases. On the other hand, if the IR cut filter 11 is used as the light-transmitting plate 5, the number of components does not increase and the adjustment of the refractive index is unnecessary, so that the cost can be reduced.
【００２７】（第５実施例）本実施例は、図８に示すよ
うに、受光素子４の上部に光の入射角度を制限するため
の窓１２を設けた一例である。受光素子４の窓１２は、
例えば透光板５の表面に光を遮断できる遮断膜１３を設
け、この遮断膜１３の中央部を所定の大きさに開けて形
成される。受光素子４の上部に窓１２を設けることによ
り、例えば図８に示すように、透光板５と皮膚表面との
界面より１mm下に受光素子４を配置した場合、窓幅ｄ＝
０．５mmにすると、図９（ｂ）に示すように、入射角θ
＝±３０°以上の光をカットすることができる。(Fifth Embodiment) This embodiment is an example in which a window 12 for limiting the incident angle of light is provided above the light receiving element 4 as shown in FIG. The window 12 of the light receiving element 4
For example, a light-blocking film 13 capable of blocking light is provided on the surface of the light-transmitting plate 5, and a central portion of the light-blocking film 13 is formed to have a predetermined size. By providing the window 12 above the light receiving element 4, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the light receiving element 4 is arranged 1 mm below the interface between the light transmitting plate 5 and the skin surface, the window width d =
When the distance is set to 0.5 mm, as shown in FIG.
= ± 30 ° or more can be cut.
【００２８】これに対し、窓幅ｄ＝４mmにすると、受光
素子４に対して入射角θ＝±６０°以上の光しか遮断で
きないため、図９（ａ）に示すように、外乱光の影響に
よって脈波センサ１の検出結果（電圧値）に揺らぎが生
じていることが分かる。上記の第３実施例でも説明した
ように、指Ｆの皮膚を導光してくる外乱光は、受光素子
４に対し大きな入射角度（θ≧３０°）で入射している
と考えられることから、上記のように、窓幅ｄを制限す
ることで効果的に外乱光をカットすることができ、外乱
光の影響による誤検出を低減できる。On the other hand, if the window width d is 4 mm, only light having an incident angle θ = ± 60 ° or more with respect to the light receiving element 4 can be blocked, and as shown in FIG. This indicates that the detection result (voltage value) of the pulse wave sensor 1 fluctuates. As described in the third embodiment, the disturbance light that guides the skin of the finger F is considered to be incident on the light receiving element 4 at a large incident angle (θ ≧ 30 °). As described above, by limiting the window width d, disturbance light can be effectively cut, and erroneous detection due to the influence of disturbance light can be reduced.
【図１】指と脈波センサの断面図である（第１実施
例）。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a finger and a pulse wave sensor (first embodiment).
【図２】脈波センサの使用状態を示す図面である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a use state of a pulse wave sensor.
【図３】透光板に対し受光素子を下げた場合の一例を示
す図面である（第２実施例）。FIG. 3 is a drawing showing an example in which a light receiving element is lowered with respect to a light transmitting plate (second embodiment).
【図４】ライトコントロールフィルムを使用した場合の
一例を示す図面である（第３実施例）。FIG. 4 is a drawing showing an example when a light control film is used (third embodiment).
【図５】ライトコントロールフィルムの特性図である。FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram of a light control film.
【図６】ライトコントロールフィルムの効果を示すグラ
フである。FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of a light control film.
【図７】ＩＲカットフィルタを使用した場合の一例を示
す図面である（第４実施例）。FIG. 7 is a drawing showing an example when an IR cut filter is used (fourth embodiment).
【図８】受光素子の上部に窓を設けた場合の一例を示す
図面である（第５実施例）。FIG. 8 is a drawing showing an example in which a window is provided above a light receiving element (fifth embodiment).
【図９】窓による外乱光の影響を測定したグラフであ
る。FIG. 9 is a graph showing an influence of disturbance light due to a window.
【図１０】従来の脈波センサの使用状態を示す断面図で
ある。FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a use state of a conventional pulse wave sensor.
１ 脈波センサ ３ 発光素子 ４ 受光素子 ５ 透光板 ６ 遮光部材 １０ ライトコントロールフィルム １１ ＩＲカットフィルタ １２ 窓 Reference Signs List 1 pulse wave sensor 3 light emitting element 4 light receiving element 5 light transmitting plate 6 light shielding member 10 light control film 11 IR cut filter 12 window
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 難波 晋治 愛知県刈谷市昭和町１丁目１番地 株式会 社デンソー内 (72)発明者 甲村 司 愛知県刈谷市昭和町１丁目１番地 株式会 社デンソー内 Ｆターム(参考） 4C017 AA09 AB03 AC28 EE01 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shinji Namba 1-1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Pref. F-term (reference) 4C017 AA09 AB03 AC28 EE01
Claims (11)
センサにおいて、 前記発光素子と受光素子の上部に光を透過できる透光板
を有し、この透光板の表面を人体の皮膚表面に密着させ
て使用する脈波センサであり、 前記発光素子から照射された光のうち、人体の皮膚表面
と前記透光板の表面との界面で反射した光が前記受光素
子へ入ることを阻止する遮光部材を設けたことを特徴と
する脈波センサ。1. A reflection type pulse wave sensor having a light emitting element and a light receiving element, wherein a light transmitting plate capable of transmitting light is provided above the light emitting element and the light receiving element, and the surface of the light transmitting plate is a human skin A pulse wave sensor used in close contact with the surface, of the light emitted from the light emitting element, light reflected at the interface between the skin surface of the human body and the surface of the light transmitting plate enters the light receiving element. A pulse wave sensor comprising a light blocking member for blocking.
子側とに分離して両者間に配され、且つ前記発光素子と
受光素子との間にまで介在されていることを特徴とする
脈波センサ。2. The pulse wave sensor according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding member is arranged such that the light transmitting plate is separated into the light emitting element side and the light receiving element side, and the light transmitting element is disposed between the light emitting element side and the light receiving element side. A pulse wave sensor interposed between the light receiving element and the light receiving element.
いて、 前記遮光部材は、少なくとも前記受光素子側の表面が黒
色であることを特徴とする脈波センサ。3. The pulse wave sensor according to claim 1, wherein at least a surface of the light shielding member on the light receiving element side is black.
いて、 前記遮光部材は、前記発光素子側の表面が鏡面であるこ
とを特徴とする脈波センサ。4. The pulse wave sensor according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding member has a mirror surface on the light emitting element side.
センサにおいて、 前記発光素子と受光素子の上部に光を透過できる透光板
を有し、この透光板の表面を人体の皮膚表面に密着させ
て使用する脈波センサであり、 前記透光板に対し前記受光素子を所定距離だけ下げた位
置に配置したことを特徴とする脈波センサ。5. A reflection type pulse wave sensor having a light-emitting element and a light-receiving element, wherein a light-transmitting plate capable of transmitting light is provided above the light-emitting element and the light-receiving element, and the surface of the light-transmitting plate is a human skin A pulse wave sensor used in close contact with a surface, wherein the light receiving element is disposed at a position lower than the light transmitting plate by a predetermined distance.
配置したことを特徴とする脈波センサ。6. The pulse wave sensor according to claim 5, wherein the light emitting element is arranged closer to the light transmitting plate than the light receiving element.
いて、 前記受光素子の上部に光の入射角度を制限する窓を設け
ていることを特徴とする脈波センサ。7. The pulse wave sensor according to claim 5, wherein a window for limiting an incident angle of light is provided above the light receiving element.
センサにおいて、 前記発光素子と受光素子の上部に光を透過できる透光板
を有し、この透光板の表面を人体の皮膚表面に密着させ
て使用する脈波センサであり、 入射角が所定値以上の光を遮断できるライトコントロー
ルフィルムを前記受光素子の上部に設けたことを特徴と
する脈波センサ。8. A reflection type pulse wave sensor having a light emitting element and a light receiving element, wherein a light transmitting plate capable of transmitting light is provided above the light emitting element and the light receiving element, and the surface of the light transmitting plate is a human skin. A pulse wave sensor used in close contact with a surface, wherein a light control film capable of blocking light having an incident angle of not less than a predetermined value is provided on the light receiving element.
いたことを特徴とする脈波センサ。9. The pulse wave sensor according to claim 8, wherein the light control film is used as the light transmitting plate.
波センサにおいて、 前記発光素子と受光素子の上部に光を透過できる透光板
を有し、この透光板の表面を人体の皮膚表面に密着させ
て使用する脈波センサであり、 波長が７００ｎｍ以上の光を遮断できるＩＲカットフィ
ルタを前記受光素子の上部に設けたことを特徴とする脈
波センサ。10. A reflection type pulse wave sensor having a light emitting element and a light receiving element, wherein a light transmitting plate capable of transmitting light is provided above the light emitting element and the light receiving element, and the surface of the light transmitting plate is a human skin. A pulse wave sensor used in close contact with a surface, wherein an IR cut filter capable of blocking light having a wavelength of 700 nm or more is provided above the light receiving element.
て、 前記ＩＲカットフィルタを前記透光板として用いたこと
を特徴とする脈波センサ。11. The pulse wave sensor according to claim 10, wherein the IR cut filter is used as the light transmitting plate.
Priority Applications (2)
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| JP24538199A JP3997666B2 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 1999-08-31 | Pulse wave sensor |
| US09/651,078 US6608562B1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2000-08-30 | Vital signal detecting apparatus |
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| JP24538199A JP3997666B2 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 1999-08-31 | Pulse wave sensor |
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| JP2007102075A Division JP4400643B2 (en) | 2007-04-09 | 2007-04-09 | Pulse wave sensor |
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