JP2001061462A - Method and apparatus for molding food - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide both an apparatus and a method so as not to lose the shape of an ingredient in a food raw material. SOLUTION: This apparatus 10 for molding a food is composed by installing a first reciprocating means 18 for moving a paste product 11 of a potato extruded from a hopper 12 to a prescribed position 16 and a second reciprocating means 22 for moving the paste product 11 located at the prescribed position 16 into a mold 14 in the apparatus 10 for molding the food capable of molding the paste product 11 of the potato in order to produce a croquette.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a food molding apparatus and a food molding method for molding food raw materials such as potato kneaded products for producing croquettes and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a food forming apparatus for forming a food raw material such as a kneaded food product has been used. For example, a food molding apparatus 1 as shown in FIG. 12 is used. The food forming apparatus 1 puts a kneaded product of food such as potatoes into a material container 2, rotates the screw 3, and pushes out the kneaded product of food from the supply port 4 into the forming recess 5. It is configured to be formed in the shape of.

However, when croquettes containing crab-like ingredients are manufactured by such a food molding apparatus 1, the shape of the ingredients may be damaged. For this reason, when the croquette was eaten, the tactile sensation of the ingredients could not be felt, or the taste of the ingredients could not be understood.

[0004]

Therefore, the present inventor has proposed:
As a result of intensive studies to find out the cause of such a problem and to solve the problem, the present invention has been achieved.

[0005] That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a food molding apparatus and a food molding method capable of producing a croquette that allows the user to feel the touch and taste of a crab or the like when eating the croquette. .

[0006]

A food molding apparatus according to the present invention is a food molding apparatus for molding food raw materials into a predetermined shape by extruding food raw materials put in a hopper and putting them into a mold. The gist is that the extruded food material is put into the mold by at least one reciprocating means.

In this food molding apparatus, the food material is extruded from the hopper without being stirred by a screw and moved substantially in parallel by a reciprocating means so as not to impair the shape of the ingredients in the food material, and is moved into the mold by reciprocating means. It is a food molding device to put.

In the food molding apparatus according to the present invention, the food molding apparatus may further comprise a first reciprocating means for moving the food material extruded from the hopper to a predetermined position; And a second reciprocating means for moving to a second position.

In this food molding apparatus, the food material is extruded from the hopper without stirring by a screw so that the shape of the ingredients in the food material is not impaired, and then the food material is moved to a predetermined position by the first reciprocating means. This is a food molding apparatus in which a food material is put into a mold and solidified only by extruding and moving the food material by a second reciprocating means and moving the food material into the mold.

In the food molding apparatus of the present invention, in the food molding apparatus, the first reciprocating means is constituted by a piston for pushing out a food material to a predetermined position and a driving means for reciprocating the piston. The driving means has a link which is pin-connected near the center to a predetermined fixed point and has a link which reciprocally drives the piston at one end near the other end by being rotated by a cylinder near the one end. The gist is that the stroke of the piston can be changed by changing the position of the point. In this specification, the term “pin connection” refers to a connection that allows two-dimensional rotation.

In this food molding apparatus, the stroke of the piston is changed by changing the position of the fixed point without changing the stroke of the cylinder itself in order to accurately and easily change the stroke of the piston for pushing out the food ingredients. It is a food molding apparatus configured to be able to.

Further, the food molding apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the food molding apparatus, an extrusion wheel for extruding food ingredients from the hopper is provided, and the extrusion wheel is provided with a plurality of U-shaped pipes on a rotating shaft. The gist is that both ends are fixed.

[0013] This food molding apparatus is designed so that the ingredients in the food raw material are extruded and broken by the blades of the extruder wheel so that they are not broken.
It is a food molding apparatus in which an extruder is configured using a letter-shaped pipe.

Further, the food molding apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that in the food molding apparatus, the second reciprocating means moves the food material in two stages.

In this food molding apparatus, the second reciprocating means moves the food material in two stages so that the food material is once moved into the mold and then pushed out of the mold. It is a food molding device configured to be movable.

Further, in the food molding apparatus according to the present invention, in the food molding apparatus, the driving means of the piston is constituted by a pressurizing means, and the food raw material extruded into the mold by the piston passes through the mold. Then, the predetermined thickness is extruded, and the predetermined thickness is adjusted by adjusting the pressure of the pressing means.

Further, in the food molding apparatus according to the present invention, in the food molding apparatus, a sliding surface around the piston is provided with an air vent groove for bleeding air when the piston moves forward and backward. The sliding surface on which the piston slides is provided with an engaging member that engages with the air vent groove when the piston moves backward.

Further, in the food molding apparatus according to the present invention, in the food molding apparatus, the food material that has been extruded by a predetermined thickness through the mold is cut by a linear member.

Further, the food molding apparatus according to the present invention, in the food molding apparatus, is provided with an extrusion wheel for extruding food ingredients from the hopper, and the extrusion wheel is configured by fixing a plurality of extrusion members to a drum. It is characterized by having been done.

Further, the food molding apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that the food molding apparatus is provided with a scraping member for scraping food material collected in a gap between the pushing members in the center axis direction of the drum. And

Further, according to the food molding method of the present invention, the food material extruded from the hopper is extruded from the hopper by extruding the food material placed in the hopper into a mold to form the food into a predetermined shape. The gist of the present invention is that the mold is put into the mold in at least one reciprocating step.

In this food molding method, the food material is extruded from the hopper without being stirred by a screw and moved substantially in parallel in a reciprocating motion step so as not to impair the shape of the ingredients in the food material. This is a method of molding food into a mold.

Further, in the food molding method of the present invention, in the food molding method, a first reciprocating step of moving the food material extruded from the hopper to a predetermined position, And a second reciprocating motion step of moving to a second position.

In this food molding method, the food material is extruded from the hopper without being stirred by a screw so as not to impair the shape of the ingredients in the food material, and then the food material is moved to a predetermined position in the first reciprocating motion step. This is a food molding method in which the food material is put into the mold and solidified only by extruding the food material and moving it into the mold in the second reciprocating step.

[0025]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a food molding apparatus and a food molding method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3, reference numeral 10 denotes a food molding apparatus according to the present invention. The food forming apparatus 10 is a food forming apparatus for forming a potato kneaded product 11 (food raw material) for producing croquettes. The kneaded product 11 put in a hopper 12 is extruded and put into a mold 14. ,
This is a food forming apparatus for forming the kneaded product 11 into a predetermined shape.
Further, the food molding apparatus 10 includes a first reciprocating means 18 for moving the kneaded product 11 extruded from the hopper 12 to a predetermined position 16 and a second reciprocating movement for moving the kneaded product 11 at the predetermined position 16 into the mold 14. Exercise means 22; Further, a passage 26 is provided for moving the kneaded product 11 that does not enter the mold 14 again to the predetermined position 16 and collecting it.

The hopper 12 is configured to rotate the extrusion wheel 28 to feed the kneaded product 11 downward. As shown in FIG. 4, the extruder wheel 28 has two pairs of frames 32 composed of four pipes 30 orthogonal to each other, which are fixed to the rotating shaft 34 in two pairs. Two pairs of frames 32
Are fixed in a state of being twisted by 45 degrees with respect to each other in the rotation direction. The pipe 30 has a U-shape, and both ends of the pipe 30 are fixed to the rotating shaft 34, and the curved portion near the center protrudes radially. Also,
If the pipe 30 is too thin, the pipe 30 cuts or damages the components in the kneaded product 11 and impairs the shape of the components in the kneaded product 11, so that the pipe 30 has a thickness of about 2 to 10 mm. It is configured.

The mold 14 is formed in a croquette shape so that the kneaded product 11 can be put in from above and formed and then taken out from below. Under the mold 14, a receiving base 36 is provided. When the kneaded product 11 is put in from above, the kneaded product 11 is received by the receiving base 36, and when the kneaded product 11 is taken out from below, as shown in FIG. The receiving base 36 is configured to be slid by a cylinder 38 and retracted from under the mold 14. The mold 14 may be configured to be able to move up and down, or the up and down width of the mold 14 may be adjustable.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first reciprocating means 18 has a piston 42 for pushing the kneaded product 11 sent downward from the hopper 12 through the passage 40 toward the predetermined position 16.
And driving means 44 for reciprocating the piston 42. The driving means 44 rotates the link 48 around the pin 50 by the cylinder 46,
The sliding member 52 pin-connected to the distal end of the slider 8 is slid in a substantially horizontal direction, and the piston 42 is reciprocated together with the sliding member 52. The cylinder 46 has a pin 47
Is mounted so as to be rotatable around. Cylinder 4
The sixth piston 45 and the link 48 are connected by a pin 49. The sliding member 52 and the link 48 are pin 53
Are joined by The link 48 is a link member 54
Are configured to be able to expand and contract by sliding with respect to the link member 56.

The stroke of the piston 42 is determined by a hole (fixed point) 51 for attaching the pin 50 on the link member 54.
By changing the position, the distance can be changed in the range of 50 to 150 mm. That is, by increasing the ratio of the distance from the pin 49 to the pin 50 to the distance from the pin 53 to the pin 50, the stroke of the piston 42 can be reduced. 42 can be increased. The pin 50
The stroke of the piston 42 can be finely adjusted by providing a large number of holes 51 for attaching the.

The pin 50 is inserted through the hole 51 into the fixing plate 1.
10, the fixed plate 50 can slide with respect to the sliding rod 112 by loosening the screw 114,
The position with respect to the sliding rod 112 of 0 can be changed. That is, by configuring the position of the fixing plate 50 with respect to the sliding rod 112 in this manner, by changing the position of the hole 51 for attaching the pin 50, the stroke of the piston 42 can be changed. Is realized.

In the first reciprocating means 18,
The driving means 44 is provided with a link 48 which is connected to the hole 51 by a pin 50 near the center and is rotated by a cylinder 46 at one end so that the piston 42 is reciprocally driven at the other end. The stroke of the piston 42 can be changed by changing the hole 51 to be formed. As a result, the direction of movement of the piston 45 and the direction of movement of the piston 42 are opposite. This is also due to the fact that the piston 46 is moved by effectively utilizing the force for pushing the piston 45 by the cylinder 46, and that the stroke of the piston 42 can be easily changed. The reason why the movement direction of the piston 45 and the movement direction of the piston 42 are opposite is also due to the fact that the whole food forming apparatus 10 is made compact.

The second reciprocating means 22 is provided at the predetermined position 16
And a cylinder 60 that can move the piston 58 up and down in two stages. As the cylinder 60, a two-stage cylinder having two air chambers is used. The stroke of the piston 58 is 10 to 15 mm in one stage and approximately 10 mm in two stages.

The passage 26 is configured so that the piston 42 sends out the kneaded product 11 in the direction of the predetermined position 16 so that the kneaded product 11 accumulated therein returns to the hopper 12.

In the food molding apparatus 10 having such a structure, the kneaded product 11 is moved into the passage 40 by putting the kneaded product 11 into the hopper 12 and rotating the extrusion wheel 28. Next, by operating the cylinder 46, the kneaded product 11 is sent out in the direction of the predetermined position 16 by the piston 42.

Next, the cylinder 60 is operated, and as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
Can be lowered to the bottom. By lowering the piston 58 to the lowest part of the passage 40, the dough 11
4 inside.

Next, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 5, the cylinder 38 is operated, and the receiving base 36 is retracted from below the mold 14. With the cradle 36 retracted from below the mold 14, as shown in FIG.
Is moved further downward, and the kneaded product 11 hardened in a croquette shape is placed on the belt conveyor 62. The kneaded product 11 placed on the belt conveyor 62 is transported on the belt conveyor 62 to the next process, and after being attached with the garment 64, is fried in oil, and as shown in FIG. A croquette 68 of a predetermined shape containing a tool 66 is formed in 11.

According to the food molding apparatus 10 as described above, the extruding wheel 28 composed of the pipe 30 causes the passage 4
In order to send the kneaded product 11 into the
The shape of the tool 66 in the kneaded product 11 is not damaged or broken when the product is sent. Further, after the kneaded product 11 is translated by the piston 42, the kneaded product 11 is put into the mold 14 by the piston 58, and the belt conveyor 62 is moved from the mold 14.
Can be placed on For this reason, for example, when the crab is put as the ingredient 66, the taste of the crab, the tongue of the crab, and the texture of the crab can be felt when the manufactured croquette 68 is eaten.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the food molding apparatus and the food molding method of the present invention can be implemented in other embodiments.

For example, the food molding apparatus of the present invention may be a food molding apparatus 70 shown in FIG. The food molding apparatus 70 is configured such that the second reciprocating means 72 pushes the kneaded product 11 downward in two stages by two pistons 74 and 76. The kneaded product 11 passing through the passage 78 is configured to be pressed by the piston 80. The kneaded product 11 that has not entered the mold 82 is configured to return to the passage 78 from the passage 84 below the passage 78.

A food forming apparatus 80 as shown in FIG.
It may be. The food molding apparatus 80 is configured to return the kneaded product 11 that has not entered the mold 82 from the passage 92 above the passage 78 to the passage 78. Further, the piston 80 as shown in FIG. 7 is not provided.

Further, in the food molding apparatus 70 shown in FIG. 7, as shown in FIG. 9, the size of the entrance 98 to the passage 84 can be adjusted by moving the shielding plate 96 by rotating the screw 94. It may be configured as follows. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of molds 104 are provided on a rotating plate 102 that rotates around a rotating shaft 100, and
You may comprise so that the kneaded product 11 may be put into it. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, a configuration may be adopted in which the kneaded product 11 is put into a plurality of dies 108 provided around the rotating plate 106.

The food molding apparatus of the present invention may be a food molding apparatus 110 as shown in FIG. In this food molding apparatus 110, the driving means of the piston 112 is constituted by a pressurizing means such as an air cylinder.
The kneaded product 11 extruded into the mold 114 by the mold 11
4 and is extruded by a predetermined thickness t, and the predetermined thickness t is adjusted by adjusting the pressure of the pressurizing means. In the food molding device 110,
The front end of the kneaded product 11 that has not passed through the mold 114 without the cradle 36 is extruded freely. In addition, since no passage 26 is provided, a part of the kneaded product 11 is not returned into the hopper 12.

In the food molding apparatus 110, the extruded kneaded product 11 is cut by rotating the disk 118 having the hollow portion 116. Further, an extrusion wheel 120 for extruding the kneaded product 11 from the hopper 12 is provided, and the extrusion wheel 120 is configured by fixing a plurality of extrusion members 124 to a drum 122. Further, a scraping member 130 that intervenes in the gap 128 between the pushing members 124 in the direction of the rotation center axis 126 of the drum 122 and scrapes the kneaded product 11 accumulated in the gap 128 between the pushing members 124 is fixed in the hopper 12. ing.

A food forming apparatus 1 as shown in FIG.
It may be 32. In the food molding apparatus 132, a sliding surface 133 of the piston 112 is provided with an air vent groove 134 for releasing air accumulated between the tip of the piston 112 and the kneaded product 11 when the piston 112 moves forward. On the other hand, an engagement member 138 that engages with the air vent groove 134 when the piston 112 moves backward is provided on the sliding surface 136 on which the sliding surface 133 slides. That is, the piston 11
2. When the kneaded product 11 is pushed out by the
13, the engagement member 138 is separated from the engagement member 138 as shown by a broken line in FIG.
38 is configured to slide while engaging with the air vent groove 134 to remove the kneaded product 11 accumulated in the air vent groove 134. In addition, the food molding apparatus 132 is
Is extruded by a predetermined thickness t,
It is configured to be cut by the rotation of the linear member 140. A stop plate 142 for stopping the kneaded product 11 at the time of the first kneaded product introduction is provided. This stop plate 14
2 is removed when the kneaded product 11 is charged and the food molding apparatus 132 is operating.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, the food forming apparatus and the food forming method of the present invention are not limited to those shown in the drawings, but may be implemented in other modes.

For example, food raw materials molded by the food molding apparatus of the present invention are not limited to kneaded croquettes.
A kneaded product for mince cutlet may be used. Also, not limited to kneaded products, pudding, jelly, ice cream, tofu,
Or, it may be a food material such as chocolate. Also,
Ingredients to be put into food ingredients are not limited to crab meat, but may be seafood such as shrimp and fish, or vegetables such as beans and corn.

The driving means in the first reciprocating means is not limited to being constituted by a cylinder, but may be constituted by an electric motor and a screw mechanism. Also, the cylinder may be pneumatic or hydraulic.

In addition, the technical scope of the present invention includes embodiments in which various improvements, corrections, and modifications are made based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In addition, any technology may be replaced with another technology as long as the same operation or effect is generated.

[0050]

According to the food molding apparatus and the food molding method of the present invention, food ingredients are extruded from the hopper without being stirred by the screw, moved substantially parallel by the reciprocating means, and put into the mold to be molded. can do. For this reason, since the shape of the ingredients in the food material is not impaired, the taste of the ingredients, the tongue of the ingredients, and the texture of the ingredients can be ensured. In particular, by adopting a configuration in which the food raw material is pushed out of the food raw material and moved, it is possible to prevent the ingredients in the food raw material from being damaged.

Further, the food molding apparatus of the present invention wherein the food material extruded from the hopper is moved to a predetermined position by the first reciprocating means, and the food material at the predetermined position is moved into the mold by the second reciprocating means. According to the food molding method, the food material is extruded from the hopper without being agitated by the screw, the food material is extruded to a predetermined position by the first reciprocating means, and moved by the second reciprocating means. The food material can be put into the mold and solidified only by extruding and moving it into the mold. For this reason, not only does the shape of the ingredients in the food material not be impaired, but also the cost can be reduced by making the food molding apparatus compact.

Further, the first reciprocating means comprises a piston for pushing the food material to a predetermined position and a driving means for reciprocatingly driving the piston, and the driving means is pin-connected near the center to a predetermined fixed point. The food according to the present invention, wherein a link that reciprocates the piston by rotating the vicinity of one end by a cylinder and the other end near the other end can change the stroke of the piston by changing the position of a fixed point that is pin-coupled. According to the molding apparatus, the stroke of the piston can be freely changed and adjusted only by changing the position of the fixed point on the link.
For this reason, by configuring so that the position of the fixed point can be changed to a large number of positions, the stroke of the piston can be finely adjusted, and the molding performance of the food material can be improved.

Further, an extruder wheel for extruding food ingredients from the hopper is provided, and the extruder wheel is provided with the food molding apparatus of the present invention in which both ends of a plurality of U-shaped pipes are fixed to a rotating shaft. According to the configuration, the food material is extruded by rotating a pipe having a certain thickness instead of extruding the food material from the hopper by a blade or a screw, so that the ingredients in the food material are crushed and damaged. Can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to ensure the taste of the ingredients, the texture of the ingredients, and the texture of the ingredients placed in the food ingredients for improving the quality, and the quality of the food to be produced can be improved. Further, since the extruder wheel is formed of a pipe having a hollow portion, the extruder wheel can be configured to be light in weight, electric power for rotating the extruder wheel can be reduced, and the manufacture of the extruder wheel becomes easy.

Further, the driving means of the piston is constituted by a pressurizing means, and the food material extruded into the mold by the piston passes through the mold and is extruded to a predetermined thickness, and the predetermined pressure is adjusted by adjusting the pressure of the pressurizing means. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the foodstuff shaping | molding apparatus of this invention characterized by adjusting thickness, the predetermined pressure of a foodstuff material can be adjusted by adjusting the drive pressure of pressurizing means, such as a cylinder. Therefore, unlike the case where the predetermined thickness is adjusted by forcibly stopping with a plate or the like, the predetermined thickness can be kept substantially constant without deteriorating the quality of the food material. Further, it is easy to adjust the predetermined thickness of the food material.

Further, an air vent groove for bleeding air at the time of forward movement of the piston is provided on a sliding surface around the piston,
According to the food molding apparatus of the present invention, the sliding surface on which the sliding surface slides is provided with an engaging member that engages with the air vent groove when the piston moves backward. Since air can be evacuated from the groove, there is no accumulation of air between the food material to be extruded and the piston, and the piston can be extruded in close contact with the food material. Therefore, the food material can be extruded without losing its shape. Further, at the time of the backward movement, the engaging member is engaged with the air vent groove, so that the food material accumulated in the air vent groove can be cleaned.

Further, according to the food molding apparatus of the present invention, wherein the food material extruded through the mold and extruded to a predetermined thickness is cut by the linear member, when the test is actually performed, the food molding apparatus is clean. A good cut surface could be obtained.

Further, there is provided an extruder wheel for extruding food ingredients from a hopper, and the extruder wheel is configured by fixing a plurality of extruding members to a drum. For example, since the extruding member is fixed to the drum instead of the rotating shaft, as a result of an actual test, food could be introduced without deteriorating the quality of the food material.

Further, according to the food forming apparatus of the present invention, a scraping member for scraping off food material accumulated in the gap between the pushing members in the center axis direction of the drum is provided. Since the food material accumulated in the gap between the extruding members can be scraped off, the food material can be prevented from adhering to the drum and the extruding member as much as possible, and the operation rate of the food molding apparatus can be improved, The quality of the food to be molded can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a food molding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a main part of the food molding apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a main part of the food molding apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a plan sectional view showing a hopper of the food molding apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a partial plan sectional view of the food molding apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of a croquette manufactured by the food molding apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the food molding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a side sectional view showing still another embodiment of the food molding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a partial side sectional view showing still another embodiment of the food molding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partial side sectional view showing still another embodiment of the food molding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a partial side sectional view showing still another embodiment of the food molding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a view showing still another embodiment of the food molding apparatus of the present invention, wherein FIG. 12 (a) is a side sectional view and FIG. 12 (b) is a plan view showing a disk for cutting food materials. And
FIG. 1C is a front view showing the drum.

FIG. 13 is a view showing still another embodiment of the food molding device of the present invention, wherein FIG. 13 (a) is a side sectional view, and FIG. 13 (b) is a plan view showing a linear member; FIG. 3C is a plan sectional view showing the mold.

FIG. 14 is a side view showing a conventional food molding apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10, 70, 90, 110, 132: food molding apparatus 12: hopper 14, 82: mold 16: predetermined position 18: first reciprocating means 22: second reciprocating means 28, 120: extruder wheel 30: pipe 36: Cradle 26, 40: Passage 42, 112: Piston 44: Driving means 46, 60: Cylinder 48: Link 50: Pin 51: Hole (fixed point) 113: Sliding surface 122: Drum 124: Extruding member 128: Gap 130: scraping member 134: air vent groove 136: sliding surface 138: engaging member 140: linear member

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A food forming apparatus for forming a food material into a predetermined shape by extruding the food material put in a hopper into a mold, wherein the food material extruded from the hopper is at least one reciprocating means. And a food molding device to be put into the mold. 2. A reciprocating means for moving the food material extruded from the hopper to a predetermined position, and a second reciprocating means for moving the food material at the predetermined position into the mold. Item 4. A food molding device according to item 1. 3. The first reciprocating means comprises a piston for pushing out a food material to a predetermined position and a driving means for reciprocatingly driving the piston, wherein the driving means moves the vicinity of the center to a predetermined fixed point. A pin is connected, and one end is rotated by a cylinder, and the other end is provided with a link that reciprocates the piston near the other end, and the stroke of the piston is changed by changing the position of the fixed point where the pin is connected. The food molding apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the food molding apparatus can be used. 4. An extrusion wheel for extruding food ingredients from the hopper, wherein the extrusion wheel is configured by fixing both ends of a plurality of U-shaped pipes to a rotating shaft. Item 4. A food molding device according to any one of Items 3. 5. The food molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second reciprocating means moves the food raw material in two stages. 6. The driving means for the piston is constituted by a pressurizing means, and the food material extruded into the mold by the piston is extruded by a predetermined thickness through the mold, and the pressure of the pressurizing means is increased. The food molding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined thickness is adjusted by adjusting the thickness. 7. A sliding surface around the piston is provided with an air vent groove for bleeding air when the piston moves forward, and a return surface of the piston is provided on a sliding surface on which the sliding surface slides. The food molding apparatus according to claim 3 or 6, further comprising an engagement member that engages with the air vent groove when the food is moved. 8. The food molding apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the food material extruded by a predetermined thickness through the mold is cut by a linear member. 9. An extrusion wheel for extruding food ingredients from the hopper, wherein the extrusion wheel is configured by fixing a plurality of extrusion members to a drum. 3. The food molding apparatus according to any one of 3. 10. The food molding apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a scraping member for scraping food material collected in a gap between the pushing members in a center axis direction of the drum. . 11. A food molding method for molding food into a predetermined shape by extruding food ingredients placed in a hopper into a mold, wherein the food ingredients extruded from the hopper are subjected to at least one reciprocating motion step. A method for forming a food into the mold. 12. A reciprocating step of moving the food material extruded from the hopper to a predetermined position, and a second reciprocating step of moving the food material at the predetermined position into the mold. 7. The food molding method according to 6.