JP2001045801A - Plowing method and plow - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plowing method and a plow for minimizing the occurrence of unplowed part in a butt. SOLUTION: The plow is mounted to a tractor and the upper link 10 is made extensible to change its length so that the length of the upper link is altered according to the working conditions whereby the blade tails of individual bottoms are arranged on a straight line particularly at the start and end of the working.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plow operation method and a plow operation apparatus, and more particularly, to a plow operation method capable of extremely reducing headland formation in a field, and a plow operation apparatus suitable for the operation. About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Plow cultivation, which is employed for soil management in a field, involves plowing organic matter typified by weeds present on the surface below the soil by inverting the soil layer on the surface. This is an ideal and excellent work method that is used to promote the corrosion and fertilize the soil, and to prevent the occurrence of continuous cropping failure. The plow working machine used in this work method has a long plow frame extending obliquely rearward with respect to the work progress direction, and a plurality of bottoms arranged in the plow frame. The plow working device, which is a plow working machine, is usually mounted on a tractor via a three-point link hitch, and the length from the first bottom to the last bottom is considerably longer than other farm working machines. It has become. For example, in a five-row bottom plow working device, the length from the first bottom to the fifth bottom, which is the final bottom, may reach 3 meters or more. It is performed from the place where it touches the ridge of the field, but since the bottom edge of the bottom from the first bottom to the fourth bottom cannot touch the ridge, the unplowed portion that cannot be plowed backward in the work progress direction Is formed.

More specifically, even when the operation is started in a state where the fifth bottom is in close contact with the ridge (it is actually impossible to bring the fifth bottom into close contact with the ridge),
Since the bottom to fourth bottom edges cannot approach the ridge, a non-plowed portion is formed behind the bottom in the working direction, and the first bottom is the longest untilled portion. And the second bottom is the next longer, and a generally triangular unplowed portion is formed as a whole. This uncultivated part eliminates this by plowing the uncultivated part by performing work along the direction perpendicular to the working direction after the work of the part surrounded by the headland in the field is completed. ing. So-called uncultivated soil treatment is performed. In order to minimize the headland formation area, improvements have been made to the plow operating device.At the start of work, the blade edge of the bottom is stuck into the soil at a steep angle, and when it has moved a certain distance, the blade edge Has been proposed by the present applicant. For example, JP-A-5-28
No. 4801 can be mentioned.

[0004]

With the above-described plow working device, formation of the headland is reduced but not prevented, and the width of the headland is reduced only. Further, sawtooth-shaped irregularities are formed at the edge of the headland. In the plowing work for the headland, since the headland is originally formed in a substantially triangular shape for each work operation, the work direction is set to 9 in the headland.
When the plowing operation is performed by changing the angle by 0 degrees, a portion that is raised twice occurs, and the state before the previous plowing operation is performed, that is, the state before the reversing operation is returned.
There was a problem that the plow plowing work employed for the purpose of reducing the obstacles to continuous cropping could not sufficiently perform its function. Therefore, in the plow operation start state, the blade bottoms of all the bottoms are brought close to the ridge, the work is started from that state, and after a suitable distance work has been progressed, the work is returned to the original bottom arrangement and the work is performed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a plow operation method in which the formation of a headland is reduced thereby, and also a plow operation method in which a portion that is twice inverted is small, and an operation device that is an operation device thereof.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a plow working device which is mounted on a tractor via a three-point link for work. It is gradually extended immediately after the start of the work, and during the work, while maintaining the neutral position and near the end of the work area, the work in the work area is completed while gradually lifting the bottom while gradually extending the upper link Then, after lifting to the reversible state body on the headland, the bottom is rotated and one work stroke is completed, thereby increasing the stab angle until the work area is reached. Can be
From near the end of the journey to the headland at the end of the work area,
By performing the work while lifting the headland, the area of the headland can be reduced, and post-work on the headland is necessary. However, the work amount can be extremely reduced as compared with the conventional work method. The working device is attached to the tractor via a three-point link. In a plow working device configured by attaching at least a plurality of bottoms to a plow frame, a telescopic upper link, a work mode And a control unit for controlling the length of the upper link according to the formula (1), whereby the piercing angle can be increased up to the work area. Also, during the period from near the end of one stroke to the headland at the end of the work area, work is performed while extending the upper link, so that each bottom is raised in order from the top and the bottom at the end is raised to the end. Accordingly, the area of the headland can be reduced, and post-work on the headland is necessary, but the work amount can be extremely reduced as compared with the conventional work method. Further, since the upper link is provided with a hydraulic cylinder in its length,
The length of the upper link can be controlled according to the working condition. Still further, the work mode includes a control unit configured to detect a work state of the work device from a lift height by a potentiometer incorporated at a support point of a lift arm of the tractor. It can contribute to automation of work. The work mode is characterized by comprising a control unit for detecting the moving distance of the tractor from the headland by using a timer, so that the work can be automated.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In these figures, the symbol T indicates a tractor, which is provided with an upper link 10 and two lower links 20, as is well known.

The upper link 10 has a telescopic cylinder 11 at an intermediate portion in the length direction. The base of the upper link is closer to the cylinder 11A, and the tip of the upper link is closer to the piston rod 11B. Of course, the reverse configuration is acceptable. For the selection of extension or contraction of the telescopic cylinder 11, the valve driver 31 is driven by a signal from the control unit 30, which will be described later, and any position of the three-position control valve 32 is selected. The control unit 30 detects the posture of the plow working machine as a working machine from the rotation angle of the upper link 10 detected by the potentiometer 33 attached to the support point 10A of the upper link 10, and from the detected posture. A work mode set in advance is read, and this is input as a work mode signal.

The work mode is determined from the vehicle speed sensor 35 of the tractor and the time measured by the timer 34, and the work mode is input to the control unit 30 as a signal to select the required length of the telescopic cylinder. Like that.
The start of measurement by the timer 34 is performed by a push button (PB1) provided in the operator's seat of the tractor T. At the end of work, the push button (PB2) is operated to send out a work state signal. It is supplied to the control unit 30. That is, the control unit 30 determines the required length of the telescopic cylinder 11, in other words, the upper link 1 based on signals such as the working posture, the speed of the tractor, and the duration of the speed.
A signal for selecting the length of 0 is output.

A plow working machine 40, which is a working machine, is mounted on the tractor T by the aforementioned three-point link hitch.
Five working bottoms are attached to the plow working machine 40 from the first bottom 41 to the fifth bottom 45 to constitute a working device.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the plow working machine 40, which is a working machine, and the tractor T, and is an explanatory side view (posture 1) immediately before the first bottom enters a normal working area. FIG. 4 is an explanatory side view (posture 2) immediately before the first and second bottoms enter the work area, and the third bottom immediately before the work area enters the work area. FIG. It is explanatory side view (posture 3) which shows the state of the plowing inversion work by a working machine. Further, FIG. 6 is an explanatory side view (posture 4) of a state in which the first bottom has reached the headland after reaching the end of one stroke of the work area, and FIG. Is an explanatory side view (posture 5) of a state in which the bottom is about to escape from the work area, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory side view of a start state of the reversing work performed on the headland after one stroke. Here, the work area refers to the area where the plowing work is completely performed, and the headland is the part where the plowing work is not completely performed and the headland is Points to an area that does not reach the depth of

Next, a description will be given of a plow operation method and a configuration of a plow operation device used for the actual operation in the field. In these descriptions, the headland before starting work in the field during one stroke is the front headland X, the area where plowing is performed with each bottom reaching a predetermined depth is the work area Y, and the work in the work area Y Is described as the rear headland Z, and the front headland X and the rear headland Z are also expressed, but the front and rear are switched depending on the traveling direction of the tractor. First, in FIG. 3, the work start state is shown in a side view, in which the first bottom 41 enters the front headland X work area, and the work start state is provided in the operation room of the tractor. Is pushed (the upper link 10 is in the most contracted state). Second
The bottom behind the bottom 42 is in a state separated from the ground of the front headland X. In this state, the upper link 10 is in the most contracted state and is in the posture 1. Bottom 41
The tail of the bottom group of ~ 45 is most distant from the field surface.

Furthermore, where the length tractor T of the first bottom 41 is moved forward, narrowing sticks in the introduction Y ₁ the cutting edge of the first bottom 41 is guided to the work area Y, followed by the bottom 42, 43 ... Are sequentially stabbed, and the final bottom 45 reaches the work area Y. At this time, the upper link 10 is gradually extended, the first bottom 41 is stabbed with the largest piercing angle, and then the second bottom 4 is stabbed.
The piercing angle becomes smaller in the order of the second and third bottoms 43, and piercing starts when the fifth bottom 45 has the smallest piercing angle. For example, FIG. 4 shows a state in which the fourth bottom 44 is stuck in the work area Y. Specifically, the telescopic cylinder 11 is extended as the work progresses, and the upper cylinder 10 is stabbed while the length of the upper link 10 is increasing. Later, it becomes fixed in the center of the stroke. As a result, the bottom edges of the bottoms that reach the work area Y are arranged substantially in a straight line along the end of the work area Y, and almost no triangular uncultivated land is formed on the plane of the headland X. In other words, the width of the inlet portion Y ₁ is in the extremely small. The state in which the tractor T has moved forward by three bottoms is the posture 2 shown in FIG. At this time, the extension state of the telescopic cylinder 11 is still continued, and the lift arm of the three-point hitch lift mechanism is in a lowered state (see the time chart of FIG. 9). The cross-sectional shape of the field in these working states is shown in FIG.
0.

Then, as shown in FIG.
When the fifth bottom 45 reaches the plowing state, all the bottoms are brought into a normal working state. At this time, the retracting cylinder 11 incorporated in the upper link 10 has its piston position contracted and expanded. It is located at an intermediate position, in other words, at the center of the extension stroke. In this state, the center position of the position control valve 32 is selected, the hydraulic system of the telescopic cylinder 11 is locked, and the length of the upper link 10 does not change. These work states are detected by calculating in the control unit 30 from signals from the time since the start of the plowing work, the traveling speed of the tractor, and the rotation state of the upper link. .

In this state, the plowing work is performed in the work area Y, and when reaching the end of the work area Y, the posture is changed to the posture 5 shown in FIG. That is, the first bottom 41 is raised gradually, where reaches the outlet portion Y ₂ just before the first bottom 41 leads to a rear headland Z, leads to a state where the second bottom 42 is raised further, third Bottom 43, fourth bottom 44
When the fifth bottom 45 reaches the rear headland Z from the work area Y, all the bottoms are raised. This operation is performed by the telescopic cylinder 1 of the upper link 10.
This is achieved by gradually increasing the number 1 from the neutral state in relation to the speed of the tractor. In other words, during the operation, the length of the upper link 10 is changed so as to be gradually increased, and the working machine 40 is lowered. In other words, the first bottom 41 takes a gentle lowering state, and the lift arm is driven in the lifting direction so as to gradually increase the angle of the lowering state, so that the work machine 40 is gradually raised.
This ascending speed is determined in relation to the traveling speed of the tractor T.

FIG. 8 shows a posture 6 in which the working machine 40 is reversed at the rear headland Z. The plow working machine 40 has a lift arm and a lift rod (provided with a conventional tractor). The lower link 20 is lifted via a function (not shown).
At this time, in order to make the lift height higher, in other words, to make the rear end of the plow working machine 40 higher, the upper link 10 is set to the shortest state, and the reverse rotation is performed in this state. There is no danger that the bottom of the work machine will touch the ground. When such a working method is adopted, the front and rear headlands X,
The edge of the blade extending from the end of Z to the work area Y can be aligned substantially linearly, and the processing of the front headland X and the rear headland Z is facilitated.

Next, the state of the above operation will be described in a flowchart.
This will be described with reference to FIG. Before starting tillage work, posture 6,
In order to reach the posture 1, posture 2, posture 3 (normal working posture) and to derive the bottom from the work area Y, from posture 3 (normal working posture) to posture 4, posture 5, posture 6, Change posture. The following is a repetition of this posture. The above postures 1 to 6, the upper link 10 and the state of each part will be described with reference to a time chart of FIG. First, posture 6
, The tractor speed is changed from 0 to a low speed, and the tractor speed is changed from the posture 2 to the posture 3 at a high speed.
At this time, the lower link 20 is gradually lowered to the lowermost position immediately before the posture 3 which is the working posture. The stroke of the telescopic cylinder 11 extends to about half the stroke when the lower link 20 is located at the lowest position. For example, in the case of a 150 mm stroke, it extends to 75 mm. Thereby, each bottom becomes the first bottom 41
Has the largest piercing angle, and the second, third, fifth
The piercing angle is gradually reduced in the order of the bottom, and while the posture of the first bottom 41 is moving until the posture is close to the working posture, the second and third bottoms are pierced, and finally the fifth bottom 45 is pierced. the distance to the blade butt each bottom Komu sticks in the introduction Y ₁ is very short because the writing. In other words, the triangular unplowed portion formed by each bottom is small, facilitating the post-processing work process for the unplowed portion.

At this time, for example, each bottom is in a right-reversed state, and this state is maintained until the first stroke is completed. The lower link lever switch is turned on when the posture is changed from the posture 6 to the posture 1, and is turned on again immediately after the posture is changed from the posture 1 to the posture 2. From this time, the extension operation of the telescopic cylinder 11 of the upper link 10 is started. Lower link lever switch is turned on again
This is done after the work stroke is near the end and the speed of the tractor T is reduced.

Further, when the first step of the work is almost completed,
The posture is changed from the posture 3 to the posture 4, and at this time, the speed of the tractor T is switched from the high working speed to the low working speed, and the telescopic cylinder 11 of the upper link 10 is gradually extended.

The lower link 20 is gradually raised during the change from the posture 4 to the posture 6, and is raised to the highest position after reaching the posture 6. While the posture is changed from the posture 4 to the posture 6, the upper link 10 continues to be gradually extended, and each bottom is in an ascending state. When the posture reaches the posture 6 and the reverse rotation is possible, if the right inversion work is performed in the first stroke, the operation is switched to the left inversion.

These controls are performed by signals calculated by the control unit 30 shown in FIG. Signals of tumbler-type switch buttons PB1 and PB2 pushed at the start or end of the work are sent to the control unit 30, and a time signal is also supplied from a timer 34 that measures time from the start of the work. Further, a signal is supplied from a potentiometer 33 incorporated at the support point of the upper link 10 as a detecting means for detecting the posture of the working machine, and a signal is also supplied from a speed detector 35 which is a speed detecting means provided in the tractor. Is done. For this speed detection, the hub nut on the drive wheel of the tractor may be counted using a proximity switch or the like, and the speed of the tractor T may be detected from the number of counts per time.

From these conditions, the control unit 30 determines whether the telescopic cylinder 11 of the upper link 10 should be extended or contracted.
Alternatively, a signal indicating whether to fix the position is given to the valve driver 31 to select the position of the three-position control valve 32.

In the above description, the upper link 10
Although a cylinder is taken as an example of a means for expanding and contracting, this can be replaced with a hydraulic motor or the like.

[0023]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the plow operation method and the plow operation device of the present invention, when the operation is started on the headland, the upper link is made the shortest and the piercing angle is increased. As the stab is inserted from the bottom in order, the upper link is gradually extended so that the work can be started while the stab angle is gradually increased, so that the edge of the tip of the tooth on the headland is almost straight. Thus, there is an effect that post-processing work of the headland becomes extremely easy. Also, when the work is near to the headland,
By gradually extending the upper link, the rising (lifting) angle of each bottom is gradually increased from the first bottom,
Since it is raised sequentially from the first bottom, the edge of the rear headland becomes substantially straight. Further, since the upper link is expanded and contracted while detecting the work state, complicated operation work at the start and end of the plow work can be simplified, which is convenient for automation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a working device used for implementing a plow working method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the control system.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a posture 1;

FIG. 4 is a side view of a posture 2;

FIG. 5 is a side view of a posture 3;

6 is a side view of a posture 4. FIG.

7 is a side view of a posture 5. FIG.

8 is a side view of a posture 4. FIG.

FIG. 9 is a work flowchart.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a field to be worked;

[Explanation of symbols]

 T Tractor 10 Upper link 11 Telescopic cylinder 20 Lower link 30 Control unit 31 Valve driver 32 3 Position control valve 33 Potentiometer 34 Timer 35 Speed detector

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Go Shimomura 300 Tenjindai, Maino, Miura-mura, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki F-term in Ibaraki Plant of Sugano Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2B032 AA07 BA01 BA04 BA08 BB38 GA15 GA36 GA37

Claims (5)

[Claims] In a plow working device mounted on a tractor via a three-point link for work, the upper link is contracted at the start of work, and is gradually extended immediately after the start of work, and the neutral position is maintained during work. Hold it, and when it is near the end of the work area, gradually lift the bottom while gradually extending the upper link, finish the work in the work area, and lift it to the reversible state body on the headland A plow operation method in which one operation is completed by rotating the bottom. 2. A plow working device which is mounted on a tractor via a three-point link and has at least a plurality of bottoms attached to a plow frame, in accordance with a telescopic upper link and a working mode. A plow working device, comprising: a control unit for controlling the length of the upper link. 3. The plow operating device according to claim 2, wherein the upper link includes a hydraulic cylinder in a length thereof. 4. The working mode is a tractor lifter.
3. The plow working apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a control unit configured to detect a working state of the working apparatus from a lift height by a potentiometer incorporated at a support point of the plow. 5. The plow working device according to claim 2, wherein the working mode includes a control unit configured to detect a moving distance of the tractor from the headland by a timer.