JP2001027409A - Method and apparatus for controlling dry distilled gas burning temperature for heating treatment system - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for controlling dry distilled gas burning temperature for heating treatment systemInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001027409A JP2001027409A JP11201087A JP20108799A JP2001027409A JP 2001027409 A JP2001027409 A JP 2001027409A JP 11201087 A JP11201087 A JP 11201087A JP 20108799 A JP20108799 A JP 20108799A JP 2001027409 A JP2001027409 A JP 2001027409A
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- Prior art keywords
- kiln
- temperature
- control
- controlling
- heat treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、ロータリーキルン
による廃棄物の加熱処理システムに関し、特に、乾留ガ
ス燃焼温度の制御方法とその装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste heat treatment system using a rotary kiln, and more particularly, to a method and an apparatus for controlling the combustion temperature of carbonized gas.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来からロータリーキルンを使用して廃
棄物を加熱処理することが行われている。この加熱処理
方法の１つとして廃棄物等の被処理物を、ロータリーキ
ルンで乾留処理し、被処理物を熱分解により乾留ガスと
残留物に分離し、乾留ガスは乾留ガス燃焼炉で燃焼して
ガス中の有害物質を除去した後、バグフィルタ等の排ガ
ス処理装置で清浄化して大気中に排出し、残留物は、更
に、加熱して炭化又は灰化して減容化したり、又は高温
燃焼炉で溶融液状のスラグを生成してこれを冷却してガ
ラス状にした後、処分することが知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, heat treatment of waste has been performed using a rotary kiln. As one of the heat treatment methods, an object to be treated such as waste is subjected to dry distillation in a rotary kiln, and the object to be treated is separated into a carbonized gas and a residue by thermal decomposition, and the carbonized gas is burned in a carbonized gas combustion furnace. After removing harmful substances in the gas, it is purified by an exhaust gas treatment device such as a bag filter and discharged into the atmosphere, and the residue is further heated and carbonized or ashed to reduce the volume, or a high-temperature combustion furnace It is known that a slag in a molten liquid is generated by cooling the slag, the slag is cooled to a glass state, and then disposed.
【０００３】この乾留ガス燃焼炉内の温度は、ダイオキ
シン類を生成させないために、８５０℃，２秒以上で乾
留ガス（排ガス）を燃焼させることが必要とされてい
る。従って、乾留ガス燃焼炉には、この温度を制御する
ための燃焼温度制御手段が施されている。[0003] In order to prevent the generation of dioxins, it is necessary to burn a carbonized gas (exhaust gas) at 850 ° C for 2 seconds or more in order to prevent the generation of dioxins. Therefore, the carbonization gas combustion furnace is provided with combustion temperature control means for controlling this temperature.
【０００４】図３は、出願人が先に提案した（特願平１
０−１６５３８）ロータリーキルンを２基用いた廃棄物
処理システムにおける乾留ガス燃焼炉の燃焼温度制御方
法を説明するためのシステム構成の概念図で、ロータリ
ーキルンから成る加熱炉を２基使用した場合を示してい
る。１１は第１ロータリーキルン、２１は第２ロータリ
ーキルン（以下、キルンと略称する）で、キルン１１お
よび２１は同じ構成で、概略図４に示すように構成され
ている。FIG. 3 is a diagram proposed by the applicant (Japanese Patent Application No.
0-16538) A conceptual diagram of a system configuration for explaining a combustion temperature control method of a carbonization gas combustion furnace in a waste treatment system using two rotary kilns, showing a case where two heating kilns each including a rotary kiln are used. I have. Reference numeral 11 denotes a first rotary kiln, reference numeral 21 denotes a second rotary kiln (hereinafter, abbreviated as a kiln), and the kilns 11 and 21 have the same configuration and are configured as schematically shown in FIG.
【０００５】即ち、図４はキルンの基本構成の概念図
で、同図において１キルンを示し、該キルン１は、回転
自在の回転円筒体２と、この回転円筒体２の外周にガス
ダクトを形成し熱ガスを導入して回転円筒体２を加熱す
る加熱ジャケット３と、回転円筒体２を両端側で回転自
在に支承する支持ローラ４，４′と、回転円筒体２を回
転駆動する回転駆動手段５とで構成され、また回転円筒
体２には一端側に被処理物を搬入する供給口６、他端側
に被処理物を排出する排出口７を有し、内部には図５の
断面図に示すように回転円筒体の軸線に対して傾斜した
送り羽根２ｂが径方向及び軸方向に複数枚設けられ、回
転円筒体２の回転により被処理物を供給口６側から排出
口７側に攪拌しながら移送する。FIG. 4 is a conceptual view of the basic structure of a kiln. In FIG. 4, one kiln is shown. The kiln 1 has a rotatable rotary cylinder 2 and a gas duct formed on the outer periphery of the rotary cylinder 2. A heating jacket 3 for heating the rotating cylinder 2 by introducing hot gas, supporting rollers 4 and 4 'for rotatably supporting the rotating cylinder 2 at both ends, and a rotary drive for rotating the rotating cylinder 2. The rotary cylindrical body 2 has a supply port 6 at one end side for loading a workpiece, and a discharge port 7 at the other end side for discharging a workpiece. As shown in the cross-sectional view, a plurality of feed blades 2b are provided in a radial direction and an axial direction inclined with respect to the axis of the rotary cylinder. Transfer with stirring to the side.
【０００６】加熱ジャケット３は、図示を省略してある
固定部材に固定支持され、回転円筒体２との接触部に
は、メカニカルシール８が施されている。The heating jacket 3 is fixedly supported by a fixing member (not shown), and a mechanical seal 8 is provided at a contact portion with the rotating cylindrical body 2.
【０００７】９は排出口７側を覆い回転円筒体２内で処
理された被処理物を排出する排出ダクトで、この排出ダ
クト９には、ロータリーバルブ９ａを有し、被処理物の
排出量を調節したり、空気の侵入を防止し、回転円筒体
２内を低酸素雰囲気に保持する。Reference numeral 9 denotes a discharge duct which covers the discharge port 7 and discharges the processed material in the rotary cylindrical body 2. The discharge duct 9 has a rotary valve 9a and discharges the processed material. And the inside of the rotary cylinder 2 is maintained in a low oxygen atmosphere.
【０００８】１０は熱ガス発生手段で、例えばＬＮＧ，
ＬＰＧ等の燃料を燃焼させて熱ガスを発生させ、加熱ジ
ャケット３内に供給する。なお、この加熱手段は、熱ガ
スに限らず電気加熱（誘導加熱、抵抗加熱等）で構成す
る場合もある。Reference numeral 10 denotes a hot gas generating means, for example, LNG,
A fuel such as LPG is burned to generate hot gas, which is supplied into the heating jacket 3. The heating means is not limited to hot gas and may be constituted by electric heating (such as induction heating or resistance heating).
【０００９】回転駆動手段５は、駆動モータ５ａ、駆動
歯車５ｂおよび回転円筒体２の外周に設けた従動歯車２
ａよりなる。The rotation driving means 5 includes a driving motor 5 a, a driving gear 5 b, and a driven gear 2 provided on the outer periphery of the rotating cylinder 2.
a.
【００１０】図３は乾留ガス燃焼炉の燃焼温度の制御を
主としているので、このキルンの内部構成は省略してあ
る。FIG. 3 mainly focuses on controlling the combustion temperature of the carbonization furnace, so that the internal structure of the kiln is omitted.
【００１１】第１および第２キルン１１および１２は、
図３に示すように横置きで上下方向に配設され、その一
端側は共通ダクト３０で連通され、その中間部にモータ
３１ａで回転制御される繋部ロータリーバルブ又は間欠
に開閉制御される間欠送り手段３１が設けられている。
そして、第１キルン１１の他端側には、被処理物を供給
する被処理物供給手段１３を、また第２キルン２１の他
端側には、排出ダクト２３を夫々設けてある。The first and second kilns 11 and 12 are:
As shown in FIG. 3, one end is connected to the common duct 30 in the horizontal direction and one end thereof is communicated with the common duct 30. Feeding means 31 is provided.
The other end of the first kiln 11 is provided with a workpiece supply means 13 for supplying the workpiece, and the other end of the second kiln 21 is provided with a discharge duct 23.
【００１２】被処理物供給手段１３は、被処理物を収容
するホッパ部１３ａと、ホッパ部１３ａ内の被処理物を
第１キルン１１内に搬送するスクリューフィダ１３ｂを
有する。このスクリューフィダ１３ｂは回転駆動モータ
１３ｃによって回転駆動され、被処理物を搬送する。ま
た、排出ダクト２３には排出のためのロータリーバルブ
２３ａ，モータ２３ｂが設けてある。The workpiece supply means 13 has a hopper 13a for accommodating the workpiece and a screw feeder 13b for transporting the workpiece in the hopper 13a into the first kiln 11. The screw feeder 13b is driven to rotate by a rotation drive motor 13c, and conveys an object to be processed. The discharge duct 23 is provided with a rotary valve 23a and a motor 23b for discharging.
【００１３】３３は乾留ガス燃焼炉で、第１および第２
キルン１１および２１内で発生した乾留ガスを導出管３
２で導入して燃焼する。この乾留ガス燃焼炉３３には、
燃焼バーナ３４および燃焼後の乾留ガスを排ガス処理装
置に送出する排ガス送出管３３ａを有する。３５は冷却
空気供給手段で、送風ブロア３５ａ、コントロールダン
パ３５ｂを有し、乾留ガス燃焼炉３３内に冷却空気を送
風し、乾留ガス燃焼炉３３内の温度を調整する。Reference numeral 33 denotes a carbonization gas combustion furnace, which includes first and second furnaces.
The carbonization gas generated in the kilns 11 and 21 is discharged to the outlet pipe 3
2. Introduce and burn. In this dry distillation gas combustion furnace 33,
It has a combustion burner 34 and an exhaust gas delivery pipe 33a for delivering the burnt carbonized gas to an exhaust gas treatment device. A cooling air supply means 35 has a blower blower 35a and a control damper 35b, and blows cooling air into the carbonization gas combustion furnace 33 to adjust the temperature in the carbonization gas combustion furnace 33.
【００１４】３６は燃料制御手段で、燃焼バーナ３４に
供給する燃料（例えば、ＬＮＧ）の供給量を制御する。Reference numeral 36 denotes a fuel control means for controlling a supply amount of fuel (for example, LNG) supplied to the combustion burner 34.
【００１５】３７は冷却空気制御手段で、コントリール
ダンパ３５ｂの開度を制御し、乾留ガス燃焼炉３３内へ
の冷却空気供給量を調整する。Reference numeral 37 denotes a cooling air control means for controlling the opening of the control reel damper 35b and adjusting the amount of cooling air supplied into the dry distillation gas combustion furnace 33.
【００１６】これら各制御手段３６および３７は、乾留
ガス燃焼炉３３の温度を直接又は間接的（炉出口温度）
に検出する温度検出手段３８の温度検出信号とあらかじ
め設定する温度設定部３９の設定温度値との関係により
自動制御される。These control means 36 and 37 control the temperature of the carbonization gas combustion furnace 33 directly or indirectly (furnace outlet temperature).
Is automatically controlled based on the relationship between the temperature detection signal of the temperature detection means 38 and the preset temperature value of the temperature setting section 39 which is set in advance.
【００１７】今、第１キルン１１を被処理物の乾燥炉と
し、第２キルン２１を減容処理炉として加熱処理する場
合について説明すると、被処理物は、被処理物供給手段
１３によって第１キルン１１内に搬送される。第１キル
ン１１はあらかじめ乾燥に適した温度（例えば、１００
℃〜２００℃）に加熱されているので、被処理物は加熱
された状態で攪拌されながら図３の右側に移送され、含
有または付着した水分を蒸発させて乾燥する。Now, a case where the first kiln 11 is used as a drying furnace for the object to be processed and the second kiln 21 is used as a heating furnace for reducing the volume will be described. It is transported into the kiln 11. The first kiln 11 is previously heated to a temperature suitable for drying (for example, 100
3 to 200 ° C.), the object to be processed is transferred to the right side in FIG. 3 while being stirred while being heated, and is dried by evaporating water contained or attached.
【００１８】この乾燥した被処理物は、共通ダクト３
０、間欠送り手段３１を介して第２キルン２１内に移送
され、該第２キルン２１内で、被処理物を熱分解する温
度（例えば、３００℃〜３５０℃）で乾留し、乾留ガス
と残留物に分離し、残留物は排出ダクト２３から、ロー
タリーバルブ２３ａを介して取り出される。The object to be dried is supplied to the common duct 3
0, is transferred into the second kiln 21 via the intermittent feeding means 31 and is carbonized in the second kiln 21 at a temperature (for example, 300 ° C. to 350 ° C.) at which the object is thermally decomposed. The residue is separated and the residue is taken out of the discharge duct 23 via the rotary valve 23a.
【００１９】一方、第１および第２キルン１１および２
１で発生した水蒸気および乾留ガスは、導出管３２を介
して乾留ガス燃焼炉３３に導入され、ここで燃焼バーナ
３４により燃焼され、可燃成分、有害物質を燃焼させた
後、送出管３３ａからバグフィルタ等の排ガス処理装置
に送出される。On the other hand, the first and second kilns 11 and 2
The steam and the carbonized gas generated in 1 are introduced into a carbonized gas combustion furnace 33 through an outlet pipe 32, where they are burned by a combustion burner 34 to burn combustible components and harmful substances. It is sent to an exhaust gas treatment device such as a filter.
【００２０】乾留ガス燃焼炉３３内における燃焼温度
は、８５０℃、２秒以上で乾留ガスを燃焼する必要があ
るが、過度に高温とすると、炉壁の損傷を惹起し、また
送出管３３ａに接続される排ガス処理装置のバグフィル
タの耐熱温度（一般的には２００℃以下）の関係から、
所定の温度（例えば、９００℃）以下に収まるように温
度制御する必要があり、そのために、設定温度値より高
くなる場合は、冷却空気供給手段３５のコントロールダ
ンパ３５ｂの開度を制御して空気の供給量を増やし、反
対に設定温度値より低いときは、燃料バーナ３４への燃
料供給量を増やして加熱することで、設定温度範囲内に
なるように自動制御している。The combustion temperature in the carbonization gas combustion furnace 33 is required to burn the carbonization gas at 850 ° C. for 2 seconds or more. However, if the temperature is excessively high, damage to the furnace wall is caused and the delivery pipe 33a is damaged. From the heat resistance temperature of the bag filter of the connected exhaust gas treatment device (generally 200 ° C or less),
It is necessary to control the temperature so as to stay below a predetermined temperature (for example, 900 ° C.). Therefore, when the temperature becomes higher than the set temperature value, the opening degree of the control damper 35 b of the cooling air supply means 35 is controlled to control the air. When the temperature is lower than the set temperature value, on the contrary, the amount of fuel supplied to the fuel burner 34 is increased and heating is performed to automatically control the temperature within the set temperature range.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】キルン内で発生する乾
留ガスの資質は、被処理物の資質、乾留状態、乾留条件
等により多々変動しやすい。発熱量が低い場合には、燃
焼バーナ３４に供給する燃料の供給量を制御することで
対応できるが、発熱量が過大の場合には、燃料バーナを
絞り、且つ冷却空気供給手段による冷却空気を導入する
ことが必要となる。The quality of the carbonization gas generated in the kiln is likely to fluctuate greatly depending on the quality of the material to be treated, the carbonization state, the carbonization conditions, and the like. If the calorific value is low, it can be dealt with by controlling the amount of fuel supplied to the combustion burner 34, but if the calorific value is excessive, the fuel burner is throttled and the cooling air supplied by the cooling air supply means is reduced. It is necessary to introduce.
【００２２】一方、乾留ガス燃焼炉で安定した燃焼を行
うためには、炉内の圧力を一定に保つ必要があるが、冷
却空気の導入が行われると、圧力上昇の原因となり、炉
内の圧力を一定に保つための圧力制御の障害となる。同
時に高温下において空気量を増大すると、ＮＯX濃度上
昇の原因ともなる。また燃焼バーナによる燃料の供給は
効率悪化の原因ともなる。On the other hand, in order to perform stable combustion in a dry distillation gas combustion furnace, it is necessary to keep the pressure inside the furnace constant. However, when cooling air is introduced, the pressure rises, and the inside of the furnace increases. An obstacle to pressure control to keep the pressure constant. Increasing the amount of air at a high temperature at the same time, also causes of the NO X concentration increases. Also, the supply of fuel by the combustion burner causes a decrease in efficiency.
【００２３】これらの問題点を回避するためには、燃焼
バーナ及び冷却空気の導入による温度制御ではなく、キ
ルン内での被処理物からの乾留ガス発生量を操作して乾
留ガス燃焼温度を制御することが考えられる。In order to avoid these problems, instead of controlling the temperature by introducing a combustion burner and cooling air, the combustion temperature of the carbonization gas is controlled by controlling the amount of carbonization gas generated from the material to be treated in the kiln. It is possible to do.
【００２４】この被処理物からの乾留ガス発生量の増減
による乾留ガス燃焼温度の制御は、キルンの回転数を一
定として被処理物供給手段のスクリューフィダにより被
処理物の供給量を制御すれば可能となる。The control of the combustion temperature of the dry distillation gas by increasing or decreasing the amount of dry distillation gas generated from the processing object is performed by controlling the supply amount of the processing object by the screw feeder of the processing object supply means while keeping the rotation speed of the kiln constant. Would be possible.
【００２５】しかし、被処理物は、その資質や含水率に
より、乾留ガスの発生時期や発生速度が異なり、乾留ガ
スが第１および第２キルンのどの場所で主に発生するか
により、被処理物供給量の増減から乾留ガス燃焼温度の
増減までの時間遅れが異ってくる。However, the time and rate of generation of the carbonized gas vary depending on the nature and moisture content of the material to be treated, and the material to be treated depends on where the carbonized gas is mainly generated in the first and second kilns. The time delay from the increase or decrease in the supply amount of the substance to the increase or decrease in the combustion temperature of the carbonization gas differs.
【００２６】即ち、被処理物の含水率が低い場合には乾
燥に要する時間は短く、よって乾留ガスの発生時期も早
い。また含水率が高い場合には、乾燥に要する時間は長
く、よって乾留ガスの発生時期も遅くなる。That is, when the water content of the object to be treated is low, the time required for drying is short, and thus the generation time of the carbonization gas is early. In addition, when the water content is high, the time required for drying is long, and thus the generation time of the carbonization gas is delayed.
【００２７】このように、制御対象の時間遅れが変化す
る場合、制御手段は時間遅れが大きな場合において制御
率が安定となるように構成する必要があり、制御性能を
向上する障害となる。As described above, when the time delay of the control object changes, the control means needs to be configured to stabilize the control rate when the time delay is large, which is an obstacle to improving the control performance.
【００２８】また、燃焼炉の燃焼温度制御を、供給する
乾留ガス量を検知して、廃棄物の投入量を制御して行う
もの、および乾留ガスの発生量をドラムの回転数を制御
することで行うことは特開平１０−２５２５号，特開平
１０−２５２８号で知られている。Further, the combustion temperature of the combustion furnace is controlled by detecting the amount of carbonized gas to be supplied and controlling the amount of waste input, and controlling the number of revolutions of the drum by controlling the amount of generated carbonized gas. Are known from JP-A-10-2525 and JP-A-10-2528.
【００２９】しかし、これらの装置は、横型回転ドラム
は単一であり、ドラムの両端（入口・出口）では、被処
理物の素状が（成分、体積、など）異なるものである。However, in these apparatuses, the horizontal rotary drum is a single unit, and the raw materials (components, volumes, etc.) of the objects to be processed are different at both ends (inlet / outlet) of the drum.
【００３０】つまり、ドラムの入口側では、水蒸気が発
生し、中間部以降では乾留ガスが発生し、炭化が行われ
ることになるが、燃焼炉に送られるのは、これらが混合
された総量であり、燃焼可能な量で換算することにも課
題がある。That is, steam is generated on the inlet side of the drum, and carbonization gas is generated from the middle part onward, and carbonization is performed. However, what is sent to the combustion furnace is the total amount of these mixed. There is also a problem in converting it into a combustible amount.
【００３１】以上の問題点に鑑み、本発明の目的は、被
処理物の含水率や資質の相異にかかわらず、遅れ時間が
小さく、且つ乾留ガス燃焼炉内の圧力制御に障害となら
ないように乾留ガス燃焼温度の制御を実現するにある。In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to minimize the delay time and prevent the pressure control in a carbonization gas combustion furnace regardless of the water content or the quality of the material to be treated. Another object is to realize the control of the combustion temperature of the carbonization gas.
【００３２】[0032]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、加熱処理炉を
２基用い、乾燥炉と乾留炉とに分け、乾燥炉と乾留炉か
らの発生ガスの素性の違いを明確にし、「乾留ガス量の
把握による制御」「被処理物の投入量の制御」「ドラム
回転数制御」による燃焼温度制御がより正確に行うこと
が可能とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses two heat treatment furnaces, separates them into a drying furnace and a dry distillation furnace, and clarifies the difference in the characteristics of the gas generated from the drying furnace and the dry distillation furnace. It is possible to more accurately perform the combustion temperature control by controlling the amount by grasping the amount, controlling the input amount of the object to be processed, and controlling the rotation speed of the drum.
【００３３】上記の課題を解決するための手段は、被処
理物を被処理物供給手段により第１キルンに供給して加
熱処理し、加熱処理後の被処理物を、連通ダクトおよび
該連通ダクト内の間欠制御可能な間欠送り手段を介して
第２キルンに供給して加熱処理し、加熱処理後の被処理
物を排出ダクトから排出するとともに、第１キルンおよ
び第２キルンでの加熱処理時に発生した乾留ガスを導出
管で乾留ガス燃焼炉に導き、該乾留ガス燃焼炉で所定の
燃焼温度で燃焼した後、排ガス処理手段に送出するよう
にした加熱処理システムにおける乾留ガス燃焼温度の制
御方法において、前記乾留ガス燃焼炉の燃焼温度の制御
は、乾留ガス燃焼炉に導入する乾留ガス量を制御するこ
とで行うことを特徴とする。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the object to be processed is supplied to the first kiln by the object supply means and subjected to heat treatment, and the object to be processed after the heat treatment is connected to the communication duct and the communication duct. The heat treatment is carried out by supplying to the second kiln via the intermittent feed means capable of intermittent control inside, and the object to be processed after the heat treatment is discharged from the discharge duct, and at the time of the heat treatment in the first kiln and the second kiln. A method for controlling a carbonization gas combustion temperature in a heat treatment system in which generated carbonization gas is led to a carbonization gas combustion furnace by an outlet pipe, burned at a predetermined combustion temperature in the carbonization gas combustion furnace, and then sent to exhaust gas processing means. In the above, the control of the combustion temperature of the carbonization gas combustion furnace is performed by controlling the amount of the carbonization gas introduced into the carbonization gas combustion furnace.
【００３４】上記の乾留ガス燃焼炉に導入する乾留ガス
量の制御は、第１キルンへの被処理物の供給量を制御す
ること、または、第１キルンおよび第２キルンへの被処
理物の供給量を同時に制御することによって乾留ガス発
生量を制御することで実現できる。The amount of the carbonized gas introduced into the carbonized gas combustion furnace is controlled by controlling the supply amount of the material to be treated to the first kiln or by controlling the amount of the material to be treated to the first and second kilns. It can be realized by controlling the amount of carbonized gas generated by controlling the supply amount at the same time.
【００３５】また、被処理物供給手段での被処理物の供
給をスクリューフィダで行い、該スクリューフィダの回
転数と第１キルンの回転数の比を一定とし、且つ間欠送
り手段の送り回数を一定として、第１キルンの回転数を
制御することにより第１キルンと第２キルンへの被処理
物の供給量を同時に制御するとともに、第１キルンの回
転数の制御は、乾留ガス燃焼炉の温度検出信号が、あら
かじめ設定した設定温度の設定値となるように制御す
る。Further, the supply of the workpiece by the workpiece supply means is performed by a screw feeder, the ratio of the rotation speed of the screw feeder to the rotation rate of the first kiln is kept constant, and By controlling the number of rotations of the first kiln while keeping the number of times constant, the supply amount of the object to be treated to the first kiln and the second kiln is simultaneously controlled, and the number of rotations of the first kiln is controlled by carbonization gas combustion. Control is performed so that the furnace temperature detection signal becomes a set value of a preset temperature.
【００３６】また、乾留ガス量を制御する手段として、
第１キルン、第２キルンで発生した乾留ガスを、乾留ガ
ス燃焼炉に導く導出管にコントロールダンパを設け、こ
のコントロールダンパの開度を制御して乾留ガス燃焼炉
に導入する乾留ガス量を制御することで燃焼温度を制御
することでも実現できる。As means for controlling the amount of carbonized gas,
A control damper is provided in the outlet pipe for guiding the carbonized gas generated in the first and second kilns to the carbonized gas combustion furnace, and the opening degree of the control damper is controlled to control the amount of carbonized gas introduced into the carbonized gas combustion furnace. This can be realized by controlling the combustion temperature.
【００３７】乾留ガス燃焼炉の上限および下限の制限温
度値を設定し、乾留ガス燃焼炉の温度がこの上限値又は
下限値を逸脱したとき空気冷却制御又は加熱制御を行う
よううにする手段を併設すれば、通常状態においては、
燃焼バーナによる加熱および冷却空気の導入による冷却
は最小限に抑えることができる。Means are provided for setting upper and lower limit temperature values of the carbonization gas combustion furnace and performing air cooling control or heating control when the temperature of the carbonization gas combustion furnace deviates from the upper limit value or the lower limit value. Then, in the normal state,
Heating by the combustion burner and cooling by introducing cooling air can be minimized.
【００３８】乾留ガス燃焼温度制御装置としては、前記
の乾留ガス燃焼炉内の温度を直接又は間接に検出する温
度検出手段と、第１ロータリーキルの回転数を制御する
キルン回転制御手段と、被処理物供給手段のスクリュー
フィダの回転数を制御するスクリューフィダ回転制御手
段とを設け、キルン回転制御手段は、前記温度検出手段
の温度検出信号と温度設定部であらかじめ設定した温度
設定信号とを比較するとともに、第１キルンの回転数に
上限および下限を設けるリミットツタを介して第１キル
ンの回転数を制御する制御部から成り、スクリューフィ
ダ回転制御手段は、前記温度検出信号と温度設定信号を
比較してその偏差信号を出力する比率制御部と、第１キ
ルンの回転数とスクリューフィダの回転数の比較を設定
する比率設定部と、これら比率制御部と比率設定部の出
力を切り替える切替手段と、該切替手段の出力とキルン
回転制御手段の制御信号とを乗算してスクリューフィダ
の回転数を制御する乗算手段とを備え、切替手段は、第
１キルンの回転数が下限又は上限に達したときに出力さ
れるリミッタの信号で比率制部による回転比率制御に切
り替え、被処理物の供給量を調整する。As the carbonization gas combustion temperature control device, temperature detection means for directly or indirectly detecting the temperature in the carbonization gas combustion furnace, kiln rotation control means for controlling the number of revolutions of the first rotary kill, Screw feeder rotation control means for controlling the number of rotations of the screw feeder of the processing object supply means is provided, and the kiln rotation control means includes a temperature detection signal of the temperature detection means and a temperature setting signal previously set by a temperature setting unit. And a control unit for controlling the number of revolutions of the first kiln via a limit ivy that sets an upper limit and a lower limit to the number of revolutions of the first kiln, wherein the screw feeder rotation control means includes the temperature detection signal and the temperature setting. A ratio control unit for comparing the signals and outputting a deviation signal thereof, and a ratio setting unit for setting a comparison between the rotation speed of the first kiln and the rotation speed of the screw feeder. Switching means for switching the outputs of the ratio control unit and the ratio setting unit, and multiplication means for controlling the number of revolutions of the screw feeder by multiplying the output of the switching means and the control signal of the kiln rotation control means. The means switches to the rotation ratio control by the ratio control unit based on the signal of the limiter output when the rotation speed of the first kiln reaches the lower limit or the upper limit, and adjusts the supply amount of the workpiece.
【００３９】また、乾留ガス燃焼炉に導入する乾留ガス
の量を直接制御する場合は、乾留ガス燃焼炉内の温度を
直接又は間接に検出する温度検出手段と、第１ロータリ
ーキルの回転数を制御するキルン回転制御手段と、被処
理物供給手段のスクリューフィダの回転数を制御するス
クリューフィダ回転制御手段と、前記導出管に設けたコ
ントロールダンパと、該コントロールダンパの開度を制
御するダンパ制御手段とを設け、該ダンパ制御手段は、
前記温度検出手段の温度検出信号と温度設定部であらか
じめ設定した温度設定信号とを比較するとともに、コン
トロールダンパの開度に上限および下限を設けるリミッ
タを介してコントロールダンパの開度を制御するダンパ
制御部から成り、キルン回転制御手段は、前記ダンパ制
御部の出力信号とコントロールダンパの開度をあらかじ
め設定した開度設定信号とを比較するとともに、第１キ
ルンの回転数に上限および下限を設けるリミットツタを
介して第１キルンの回転数を制御する制御部から成り、
スクリューフィダ回転制御手段は、前記ダンパ制御部の
出力信号とダンパ開度設定信号を比較してその偏差信号
を出力する比率制御部と、第１キルンの回転数とスクリ
ューフィダの回転数の比率を設定する比率設定部と、こ
れら比率制御部と比率設定部の出力を切り替える切替手
段と、該切替手段の出力とキルン回転制御手段の制御信
号とを乗算してスクリューフィダの回転数を制御する乗
算手段とを備え、切替手段は、第１キルンの回転数が下
限又は上限に達したときに出力されるリミッタの信号で
比率制部による回転比率制御に切り替えるように構成す
る。In the case where the amount of the carbonization gas introduced into the carbonization gas combustion furnace is directly controlled, the temperature detection means for directly or indirectly detecting the temperature in the carbonization gas combustion furnace, and the number of revolutions of the first rotary kill are controlled. Kiln rotation control means for controlling, screw feeder rotation control means for controlling the number of rotations of the screw feeder of the workpiece supply means, a control damper provided in the outlet pipe, and controlling the opening degree of the control damper. And damper control means, wherein the damper control means comprises:
Damper control for comparing the temperature detection signal of the temperature detection means with a temperature setting signal preset by a temperature setting unit, and controlling the opening of the control damper via a limiter that sets an upper limit and a lower limit for the opening of the control damper. A kiln rotation control means for comparing an output signal of the damper control unit with an opening setting signal in which an opening of the control damper is set in advance, and setting an upper limit and a lower limit to the rotation speed of the first kiln. A control unit for controlling the number of revolutions of the first kiln via
A screw feeder rotation control unit configured to compare an output signal of the damper control unit with a damper opening degree setting signal and output a deviation signal thereof; and a ratio control unit configured to determine a rotation speed of the first kiln and a rotation speed of the screw feeder. A ratio setting unit for setting the ratio, switching means for switching the outputs of the ratio control unit and the ratio setting unit, and multiplying the output of the switching means and the control signal of the kiln rotation control means to set the rotation speed of the screw feeder. And a switching unit configured to switch to the rotation ratio control by the ratio control unit based on a limiter signal output when the rotation speed of the first kiln reaches the lower limit or the upper limit.
【００４０】上記の切替手段による切り替え時の比率設
定部の設定値をバンプレスとするため、比率制御部の出
力「切」の状態においては、比率制御部の出力を比率設
定値に一致させ、比率制御部の出力「入」の状態におい
ては、比率設定部の設定値を比率制御部の出力に一致さ
せる手段を設けることが望ましい。Since the set value of the ratio setting unit at the time of switching by the above-mentioned switching means is bumpless, the output of the ratio control unit is made to match the ratio set value when the output of the ratio control unit is "OFF". In a state where the output of the ratio control unit is “on”, it is desirable to provide a means for matching the set value of the ratio setting unit with the output of the ratio control unit.
【００４１】また、乾留ガス燃焼温度の許容温度の上限
と下限の設定値（目標値）を定め、温度検出信号とあら
かじめ設定したこの許容温度の上限値および下限値の設
定信号値とを比較して上限値に達したときは冷却空気供
給手段により供給空気量を制御し、下限値に達したとき
は、燃焼バーナへの燃料の供給量を制御して許容温度制
限内に温度を制御する手段を備えることが望ましい。Further, set values (target values) of the upper and lower limits of the allowable temperature of the carbonization gas combustion temperature are determined, and the temperature detection signal is compared with a preset set signal value of the upper and lower limits of the allowable temperature. Means for controlling the amount of air supplied by cooling air supply means when the temperature reaches the upper limit, and means for controlling the amount of fuel supplied to the combustion burner to control the temperature within the allowable temperature limit when reaching the lower limit. It is desirable to provide.
【００４２】なお、第１キルンには、本願の出願人が先
に提案した特開平１０−２３５１８６号，同１０−２３
５１４７，同１１−９９３７，同１１−９９３８，同１
０−２３５１８７，同１０−２３５１４８などに開示さ
れているアルカリ物質の脱塩素剤を添加して、塩化水素
が発生した場合にこれと接触反応して無害な塩化物を生
成するようにすることが好ましい。The first kiln is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 10-235186 and 10-23 previously proposed by the present applicant.
5147, 11-9937, 11-9938, 1
A dechlorinating agent for an alkaline substance disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 0-235187 and 10-235148 may be added so that when hydrogen chloride is generated, it reacts with hydrogen chloride to produce harmless chloride. preferable.
【００４３】[0043]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
によって説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００４４】図１は本発明の廃棄物等の加熱処理システ
ムにおける乾留ガス燃焼温度制御装置の第１の実施の形
態における概念図を示す。なお、キルンおよび乾留ガス
燃焼炉部分の構成は、従来例の図３と略同じであるの
で、図３と同一部分または相似部分には、これと同じ符
号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a first embodiment of a carbonization gas combustion temperature control apparatus in a waste heat treatment system according to the present invention. The configuration of the kiln and the carbonization gas combustion furnace is substantially the same as that of the conventional example shown in FIG. 3, and the same or similar parts as those in FIG. .
【００４５】図１の実施の形態は、第１キルンおよび第
２キルンへの被処理物の供給量を同時に制御して乾留ガ
スの発生量を制御することで、乾留ガス燃焼温度を制御
する場合である。The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a case where the combustion temperature of the carbonization gas is controlled by simultaneously controlling the supply amounts of the objects to be treated to the first kiln and the second kiln and controlling the generation amount of the carbonization gas. It is.
【００４６】なお、同図において、４０は第１キルンの
回転数を制御するためのキルン回転制御手段で、制御部
４１、リミッタ４２を有し、制御部４１は温度検出手段
３８からの温度検出信号と、温度設定部３９からの設定
温度信号を入力し、リミッタ４２を介してキルン駆動手
段１２のモータ１２ａの回転数、即ち第１キルン１１の
回転数を制御する。このとき、被処理物の十分な乾燥を
行い、且つ十分な攪拌を行うためにリミッタ４２により
回転数に上限および下限を設ける。但し、リミッタ値に
到達した場合には、制御部４１の出力値がリミット値を
越えないように内部演算値のリセットを行う。In the figure, reference numeral 40 denotes a kiln rotation control means for controlling the number of rotations of the first kiln, which has a control unit 41 and a limiter 42. The control unit 41 detects the temperature from the temperature detection means 38. A signal and a set temperature signal from the temperature setting unit 39 are input, and the rotation speed of the motor 12 a of the kiln driving means 12, that is, the rotation speed of the first kiln 11 is controlled via the limiter 42. At this time, the upper limit and the lower limit are set for the rotation speed by the limiter 42 in order to sufficiently dry the object to be processed and to perform sufficient stirring. However, when the limit value is reached, the internal calculation value is reset so that the output value of the control unit 41 does not exceed the limit value.
【００４７】５０はスクリューフィダ回転制御手段で、
比率制御部５１と、比率設定部５２と、これら比率制御
部５１と比率設定部５２の出力信号を切り替える切替手
段５３と、該切替手段５３の出力信号とキルン回転制御
手段４０のリミッタ４２の出力信号とを乗算する乗算手
段５４とから成り、乗算手段５４の出力でスクリューフ
ィダ１３ｂのモータ１３ｃを制御する。Reference numeral 50 denotes a screw feeder rotation control means.
A ratio control unit 51, a ratio setting unit 52, a switching unit 53 for switching output signals of the ratio control unit 51 and the ratio setting unit 52, an output signal of the switching unit 53, and an output of the limiter 42 of the kiln rotation control unit 40. And a multiplication means 54 for multiplying the signal by the signal. The output of the multiplication means 54 controls the motor 13c of the screw feeder 13b.
【００４８】切替手段５３は、リミッタ４２の信号を入
力し、第１キルン１１の回転数が下限または上限に達し
た場合は、比率設定部５２から比例制御部５１による回
転数比例制御に切り替えて第１キルン１１への被処理物
供給量を制御する。但し、切替手段５３による切り替え
時の比率設定値をバンプレスとするために、比率制御部
５１の出力「切」の状態においては、比率制御部５１の
出力を比率設定値に一致させ、比率制御部５１の出力
「入」の状態においては、比率設定値を比率制御部５１
の出力に一致させる。The switching means 53 receives the signal of the limiter 42 and, when the rotation speed of the first kiln 11 reaches the lower limit or the upper limit, switches from the ratio setting unit 52 to the rotation speed proportional control by the proportional control unit 51. The processing object supply amount to the first kiln 11 is controlled. However, in order to set the ratio set value at the time of switching by the switching means 53 to bumpless, in the state of the output “off” of the ratio control unit 51, the output of the ratio control unit 51 is made to match the ratio set value, When the output of the unit 51 is “ON”, the ratio set value is
To match the output of
【００４９】乗算手段５４は、比率制御部４１からの出
力信号を第１キルン１１の回転数Ｎ klに比例した信号と
して入力し、常数Ｋを乗算して（Ｋ・Ｎkl）スクリュー
フィダ１３ｂの回転数Ｎsfを制御する。The multiplication means 54 outputs the signal from the ratio control unit 41.
The force signal is converted to the rotation speed N of the first kiln 11. klSignal proportional to
And then multiply by the constant K (K · Nkl)screw
The rotation speed N of the feeder 13bscience fictionControl.
【００５０】６０は許容温度制御手段で、乾留ガス燃焼
炉３３の燃焼温度が、許容制限値を逸脱した場合に許容
制限値内になるように制御する。この許容温度制御手段
６０は、冷却空気の送風量を制御する冷却制御部６１
と、燃料バーナへの燃料供給量を制御する燃料制御部６
２とを有し、冷却制御部６１は、許容温度上限値を設定
する上限値設定部６３の設定信号と温度検出手段３８の
温度検出信号とを入力し、リミッタ６１ａを介してコン
トロールダンパ３５ｂを制御する。Reference numeral 60 denotes allowable temperature control means for controlling the combustion temperature of the carbonization gas combustion furnace 33 to fall within the allowable limit value when the combustion temperature deviates from the allowable limit value. The allowable temperature control means 60 includes a cooling control unit 61 for controlling the amount of cooling air blown.
And a fuel control unit 6 for controlling the amount of fuel supplied to the fuel burner
The cooling control unit 61 receives the setting signal of the upper limit value setting unit 63 for setting the allowable temperature upper limit value and the temperature detection signal of the temperature detecting unit 38, and controls the control damper 35b via the limiter 61a. Control.
【００５１】また、燃料制御部６２は、許容温度下限値
を設定する下限値設定部６４の設定信号と温度検出手段
３８の温度検出信号とを入力し、リミッタ６２ａを介し
て燃料バーナ３４への燃料供給量を制御する。Further, the fuel control unit 62 inputs a setting signal of the lower limit value setting unit 64 for setting the allowable temperature lower limit value and a temperature detection signal of the temperature detecting means 38, and sends the signal to the fuel burner 34 via the limiter 62a. Control the fuel supply.
【００５２】乾留ガス燃焼炉３３の立ち上げ時（加熱初
期）や、該燃焼炉３３の出口温度が、ダイオキシン類を
生成せず、また炉壁やバグフィルタを損傷しない許容温
度を逸脱した場合には、速やかに温度制御をする必要が
ある。よって、燃料制御部６２による加熱制御および冷
却制御部６１による冷却制御を併設し、それぞれの目標
値を許容温度下限および許容温度上限を設定する。これ
により、通常状態においては、燃焼バーナによる加熱お
よび冷却空気の導入による冷却は最小限に抑えられる。When the dry distillation gas combustion furnace 33 is started (early heating) or when the outlet temperature of the combustion furnace 33 deviates from an allowable temperature at which no dioxins are generated and the furnace walls and bag filters are not damaged. Requires quick temperature control. Therefore, the heating control by the fuel control unit 62 and the cooling control by the cooling control unit 61 are provided in parallel, and the respective target values are set to an allowable temperature lower limit and an allowable temperature upper limit. Thereby, in the normal state, the heating by the combustion burner and the cooling by the introduction of the cooling air are minimized.
【００５３】第１および第２のキルン１１および２１へ
の被処理物の供給量を制御することによって乾留ガス発
生量を制御する場合、第２キルン２１への被処理物投入
量は、連通ダクト３０の間欠送り手段３１の送り回数と
第１キルン１１の回転数の比で決まる。但し、第１キル
ン１１内部の単位長さ当りの被処理物量に依存する。When the amount of dry distillation gas generated is controlled by controlling the amount of supply of the processing object to the first and second kilns 11 and 21, the amount of the processing object input to the second kiln 21 is controlled by the communication duct. The number of feeds of the intermittent feed means 30 and the number of rotations of the first kiln 11 are determined. However, it depends on the amount of material to be processed per unit length inside the first kiln 11.
【００５４】よって、第１キルン１１の内部の単位長さ
当りの被処理物量を一定として、間欠送り手段３１の送
り回数を一定とした状態で、第１キルンの回転数を増減
されることにより、第２キルン２１への被処理物供給量
の制御（操作）が出来る。Therefore, the number of rotations of the first kiln is increased or decreased while the number of workpieces per unit length in the first kiln 11 is constant and the number of times of the intermittent feeding means 31 is constant. In addition, it is possible to control (operate) the supply amount of the workpiece to the second kiln 21.
【００５５】この第１キルン１１の内部の単位長さ当り
の被処理物量を一定とするためには、被処理物供給手段
１３のスクリューフィダ１３ｂと第１キルン１１の回転
数比を一定とすればよい。In order to keep the amount of the object to be treated per unit length inside the first kiln 11 constant, the rotational speed ratio between the screw feeder 13 b of the object supply means 13 and the first kiln 11 is fixed. do it.
【００５６】今、第１キルン１１内における単位長さ当
りの被処理物の体積をＦkl（ｍ3／ｍ）、輸送速度をＶ
kl（ｍ／ｓ）とすると、体積流量Ｑkl（ｍ3／ｓ）は Ｑkl＝Ｆkl×Ｖkl となる。単位長さ当りの被処理物の体積を均一とすれば
よいから Ｆkl＝Ｑkl／Ｖkl＝一定 ここで、被処理物の輸送速度Ｖkl、供給量Ｑsf（ｍ3／
ｓ）がそれぞれキルン回転数Ｎkl（ｒｐｍ）、スクリュ
ーフィダ回転数Ｎsf（ｒｐｍ）に比例するとし、比例乗
数をＫkl、Ｋsfとおくと、 Ｖkl＝ＫklＮkl Ｑsf＝ＫsfＮsf となる。よって、単位長さ当りの被処理物の体積Ｆ
kl（ｍ3／ｍ）は、 Ｆkl＝Ｑkl／Ｖkl＝Ｑsf／Ｖkl＝（ＫsfＮsf）／（Ｋkl
Ｎkl） Ｆkl，Ｋsf，Ｋklを定数とすれば、スクリューフィダ回
転数は第１キルン回転数から、次式により求められる。The volume of the object to be treated per unit length in the first kiln 11 is F kl (m 3 / m), and the transport speed is V
When kl (m / s), the volumetric flow rate Q kl (m 3 / s) is the Q kl = F kl × V kl . Unit volume of object to be processed per length from may be F kl = Q kl / V kl = constant where uniform transport speed V kl of the object, the supply amount Q sf (m 3 /
Let s) be proportional to the kiln rotation speed N kl (rpm) and the screw feeder rotation speed N sf (rpm), respectively. If the proportional multipliers are K kl and K sf , then V kl = K kl N kl Q sf = K sf N sf . Therefore, the volume of the object to be treated per unit length F
kl (m 3 / m) is given by: F kl = Q kl / V kl = Q sf / V kl = (K sf N sf ) / (K kl
Nkl ) If Fkl , Ksf , and Kkl are constants, the screw feeder rotation speed can be obtained from the first kiln rotation speed by the following equation.
【００５７】Ｋsf＝（ＦklＫkl／Ｋsf）・Ｎkl＝ＫＮkl 比例定数Ｋを変更することで、第１キルン１１内部にお
ける単位長さ当りの被処理物の体積Ｆklを可変とするこ
とが可能である。K sf = (F kl K kl / K sf ) · N kl = KN kl By changing the proportionality constant K, the volume F kl of the workpiece per unit length in the first kiln 11 can be changed. It is possible.
【００５８】なお、第２キルン２１の回転数は、被処理
物の完全な炭化を行い、且つ十分な攪拌の行える回転数
で一定とする。The rotation speed of the second kiln 21 is constant at a rotation speed at which the material to be processed can be completely carbonized and sufficient stirring can be performed.
【００５９】図２は本発明の第２の実施の形態の概念図
を示す。FIG. 2 shows a conceptual diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.
【００６０】第１の実施の形態では、第１キルンおよび
第２キルンへの被処理物供給量を制御して乾留ガスの発
生量を制御することにより乾留ガス燃焼温度を制御し、
制御系の遅れ時間の短縮を図ったものであるが、第２の
実施の形態では、第１キルンおよび第２キルンで発生し
た乾留ガスを乾留ガス燃焼炉へ導入する導出管にコント
ロールダンパを設け、このコントロールダンパで乾留ガ
ス流量を直接制御することにより、更に制御系の遅れ時
間を短縮するようにしたものである。In the first embodiment, the combustion temperature of the carbonization gas is controlled by controlling the supply amount of the material to be treated to the first kiln and the second kiln to control the generation amount of the carbonization gas.
Although the delay time of the control system is shortened, in the second embodiment, a control damper is provided in an outlet pipe for introducing the carbonized gas generated in the first kiln and the second kiln to the carbonized gas combustion furnace. The delay time of the control system is further shortened by directly controlling the flow rate of the carbonization gas with the control damper.
【００６１】図２に示すように、第１および第２キルン
１１および２１から乾留ガスを導出して乾留ガス燃焼炉
３３に導入する導出管３２にコントロールダンパ７１を
設け、該コントロールダンパ７１をダンパ制御手段７０
で制御する。このダンパ制御手段７０は、温度検出手段
３８の温度検出信号と温度設定部３９の設定温度信号と
を入力して、温度検出部の温度が設定温度となるように
コントロールダンパ７１を制御する。なお、途中にリミ
ッタ７０ａを設けてある。As shown in FIG. 2, a control damper 71 is provided in a discharge pipe 32 for drawing out the carbonized gas from the first and second kilns 11 and 21 and introducing the gas into the carbonized gas combustion furnace 33. Control means 70
To control. The damper control unit 70 receives the temperature detection signal of the temperature detection unit 38 and the set temperature signal of the temperature setting unit 39, and controls the control damper 71 so that the temperature of the temperature detection unit becomes the set temperature. A limiter 70a is provided in the middle.
【００６２】また、キルン回転制御手段４０およびスク
リューフィダ制御手段５０の入力は、図１の温度設定値
から、コントロールダンパ７１の開度を設定する開度設
定部７２に代えた開度設定信号と、ダンパ制御手段７０
の出力信号を検出信号として入力する。The input of the kiln rotation control means 40 and the screw feeder control means 50 is based on the temperature setting value of FIG. 1 and an opening setting signal which is replaced by an opening setting section 72 for setting the opening of the control damper 71. And the damper control means 70
Is input as a detection signal.
【００６３】このように、第１キルン１１の回転数制御
およびスクリューフィダ１３ｂとの比率制御は図１の場
合と同じであるが、キルン回転制御手段４０およびスク
リューフィダ制御手段５０に対する検出値および設定値
をコントロールダンパ７１の開度としているので、主た
る乾留ガス燃焼炉の温度制御は、コントロールダンパ７
１による乾留ガス流量の制御により行われ、またコント
ロールダンパ７１の制御量が平均的に、ある開度を保つ
ように、乾留ガス発生量を第１キルン１１の回転数およ
びスクリューフィダの回転比率により制御される。As described above, the control of the rotation speed of the first kiln 11 and the control of the ratio with the screw feeder 13b are the same as those in FIG. And the set value is the opening of the control damper 71, the main temperature control of the carbonization gas combustion furnace is controlled by the control damper 7.
The amount of dry distillation gas generated is controlled by controlling the number of revolutions of the first kiln 11 and the rotation ratio of the screw feeder so that the control amount of the control damper 71 keeps a certain opening on average. Is controlled by
【００６４】なお、温度制御手段６０の構成は図１と同
じである。The structure of the temperature control means 60 is the same as that of FIG.
【００６５】[0065]
【発明の効果】本発明は上記のように、第１の実施の形
態においては、第１および第２キルンへの被処理物の供
給量によって乾留ガス発生量を制御することで、乾留ガ
ス燃焼温度を制御するようにしたので、被処理物の資質
や含水率の変動により左右される乾留ガス燃焼温度の変
動を制御することができ、また、燃焼バーナによる加熱
や冷却空気の導入量を制御し、燃焼効率の悪化や圧力制
御への障害を最小限に抑えることができる。According to the present invention, as described above, in the first embodiment, by controlling the amount of carbonized gas generated by controlling the amount of the material to be treated to the first and second kilns, the carbonized gas combustion is achieved. Because the temperature is controlled, it is possible to control fluctuations in the combustion temperature of the dry distillation gas, which are affected by fluctuations in the quality and moisture content of the material to be treated, and to control the amount of heating and cooling air introduced by the combustion burner. However, it is possible to minimize deterioration of combustion efficiency and disturbance to pressure control.
【００６６】また、第２の実施の形態においては、キル
ンと乾留ガス燃焼炉間の導出管にコントロールダンパを
設け、このダンパの開度を制御して、乾留ガス流量を直
接制御することで乾留ガス燃焼温度を制御するようにし
たので、乾留ガス燃焼温度の遅れ時間を短縮し、制御性
能を改善するとともに、第１，第２キルンへの被処理物
の供給量によって乾留ガス発生量を制御することによ
り、コントロールダンパの開度を一定に保つことがで
き、この開度を一定に保つことにより、乾留ガス燃焼温
度を一定に保つに必要な乾留ガス量を供給する被処理物
供給量の制御を可能とする。また燃焼バーナによる加熱
や冷却空気の導入量を制御し、燃焼効率の悪化や圧力制
御への障害を最小限に抑えることができる。Further, in the second embodiment, a control damper is provided in an outlet pipe between the kiln and the carbonization gas combustion furnace, and the opening degree of the damper is controlled to directly control the flow rate of the carbonization gas. Since the gas combustion temperature is controlled, the delay time of the carbonization gas combustion temperature is shortened, the control performance is improved, and the amount of carbonized gas generated is controlled by the supply amount of the material to be processed to the first and second kilns. By doing so, the opening of the control damper can be kept constant, and by keeping this opening constant, the amount of the material to be treated that supplies the amount of dry distillation gas required to keep the combustion temperature of the dry distillation gas constant can be reduced. Enables control. In addition, the amount of heating and cooling air introduced by the combustion burner is controlled, so that deterioration of combustion efficiency and obstacles to pressure control can be minimized.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態の概念図。FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の第２の実施の形態の概念図。FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】従来の廃棄物等の加熱処理システムにおける乾
留ガス燃焼温度制御装置の概念図。FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of a carbonized gas combustion temperature control device in a conventional waste heat treatment system.
【図４】ロータリーキルンの基本構成の概念図。FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of a basic configuration of a rotary kiln.
【図５】回転円筒体の断面図。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a rotating cylinder.
１１，２１…ロータリーキルン（キルン） １２，２２…キルン駆動手段 １３…被処理物供給手段 １３ａ…ホッパ部 １３ｂ…スクリューフィーダ １３ｃ…モータ ２３…排出ダクト ２３ａ…ロータリーバルブ ３０…連通ダクト ３１…間欠送り手段 ３２…導出管 ３３…乾留ガス燃焼炉 ３３ａ…排ガス送出管 ３４…燃焼バーナ ３５…冷却空気供給手段 ３９…温度設定部 ４０…キルン回転制御手段 ４１…制御部 ４２…リミッタ ５０…スクリューフィーダ回転制御手段 ５１…比率制御部 ５２…比率設定部 ５３…切替手段 ５４…乗算手段 ６０…許容温度制御手段 ６１…冷却制御部 ６２…燃料制御部 ６３…上限値設定部 ６４…下限値設定部 ７０…ダンパ制御手段 ７１…コントロールダンパ ７２…開度設定部 11, 21 ... rotary kiln (kiln) 12, 22 ... kiln driving means 13 ... workpiece supply means 13a ... hopper 13b ... screw feeder 13c ... motor 23 ... discharge duct 23a ... rotary valve 30 ... communication duct 31 ... intermittent feed means 32 ... Outlet pipe 33 ... Dry distillation gas combustion furnace 33a ... Exhaust gas delivery pipe 34 ... Combustion burner 35 ... Cooling air supply means 39 ... Temperature setting unit 40 ... Kiln rotation control means 41 ... Control unit 42 ... Limiter 50 ... Screw feeder rotation control means Reference Signs List 51 ratio control unit 52 ratio setting unit 53 switching unit 54 multiplication unit 60 allowable temperature control unit 61 cooling control unit 62 fuel control unit 63 upper limit value setting unit 64 lower limit value setting unit 70 damper control Means 71: Control damper 72: Opening degree setting unit
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 3K061 AA07 AA23 AB02 AC01 AC19 BA02 BA06 CA07 FA03 FA10 FA21 GA02 GA06 KA02 KA16 KA28 3K062 AA07 AA23 AB02 AC01 AC19 BA02 CB10 DA01 DA08 DB03 DB08 DB13 DB16 3K078 AA02 AA06 BA09 BA22 CA02 CA09 CA12 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) CA12
Claims (10)
キルンに供給して加熱処理し、加熱処理後の被処理物
を、連通ダクトおよび該連通ダクト内の間欠送り手段を
介して第２キルンに供給して加熱処理し、加熱処理後の
被処理物を排出ダクトから排出するとともに、第１キル
ンおよび第２キルンでの加熱処理時に発生した乾留ガス
を導出管で乾留ガス燃焼炉に導き、該乾留ガス燃焼炉で
所定の燃焼温度で燃焼した後、排ガス処理手段に送出す
るようにした加熱処理システムにおける乾留ガス燃焼温
度の制御方法において、 前記乾留ガス燃焼炉の燃焼温度の制御は、乾留ガス燃焼
炉に導入する乾留ガス量を制御することで行うことを特
徴とする加熱処理システムにおける乾留ガス燃焼温度の
制御方法。1. An object to be processed is first processed by an object supply means.
The heat treatment is performed by supplying the heat treatment to the kiln, and the heat-treated object is supplied to the second kiln through the communication duct and the intermittent feeding means in the communication duct to perform the heat treatment, and the heat treatment is performed. Is discharged from the discharge duct, and the carbonization gas generated during the heat treatment in the first kiln and the second kiln is led to a carbonization gas combustion furnace by an outlet pipe, and burned at a predetermined combustion temperature in the carbonization gas combustion furnace. In the method for controlling the combustion temperature of a carbonization gas in a heat treatment system to be sent to an exhaust gas treatment unit, the control of the combustion temperature of the carbonization gas combustion furnace is performed by controlling the amount of carbonization gas introduced into the carbonization gas combustion furnace. A method for controlling a carbonization gas combustion temperature in a heat treatment system.
制御は、第１キルンへの被処理物の供給量を制御するこ
とで行うことを特徴とする請求項１記載の加熱処理シス
テムにおける乾留ガス燃焼温度の制御方法。2. The heat treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the carbonized gas introduced into the carbonized gas combustion furnace is controlled by controlling the supply amount of the material to be treated to the first kiln. Control method of carbonization gas combustion temperature.
１キルンおよび第２キルンへの被処理物の供給量を同時
に制御することによって乾留ガス発生量を制御して行う
ことを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の加熱処理システ
ムにおける乾留ガス燃焼温度の制御方法。3. The control of the combustion temperature of the carbonization gas combustion furnace by controlling the amount of carbonization gas generated by simultaneously controlling the supply amounts of the processing objects to the first kiln and the second kiln. 3. A method for controlling a carbonization gas combustion temperature in the heat treatment system according to claim 1.
スクリューフィダで行い、該スクリューフィダの回転数
と第１キルンの回転数の比を一定とし、且つ間欠送り手
段の送り回数を一定として、第１キルンの回転数を制御
することにより第１キルンと第２キルンへの被処理物の
供給量を同時に制御するとともに、第１キルンの回転数
の制御は、乾留ガス燃焼炉の温度検出信号が、あらかじ
め設定した設定温度の設定値となるように制御すること
を特徴とする請求項１，２又は３のいずれか１項に記載
の加熱処理システムにおける乾留ガス燃焼温度の制御方
法。4. An object to be processed is supplied by an object to be processed supply means by a screw feeder, the ratio of the number of rotations of the screw feeder to the number of rotations of the first kiln is kept constant, and the feed of the intermittent feeding means is performed. By controlling the number of rotations of the first kiln while keeping the number of times constant, the supply amount of the object to be treated to the first kiln and the second kiln is simultaneously controlled, and the number of rotations of the first kiln is controlled by carbonization gas combustion. 4. The combustion temperature of the carbonization gas in the heat treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature detection signal of the furnace is controlled so as to be a set value of a preset set temperature. Control method.
ガスを、乾留ガス燃焼炉に導く導出管にコントロールダ
ンパを設け、このコントロールダンパの開度を制御して
乾留ガス燃焼炉に導入する乾留ガス量を制御することで
燃焼温度を制御するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項
１記載の加熱処理システムにおける乾留ガス燃焼温度の
制御方法。5. A control damper is provided in an outlet pipe for guiding the carbonized gas generated in the first kiln and the second kiln to the carbonized gas combustion furnace, and the opening degree of the control damper is controlled to be introduced into the carbonized gas combustion furnace. 2. The method for controlling a combustion temperature of a carbonized gas in a heat treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the combustion temperature is controlled by controlling an amount of a carbonized gas.
温度値を設定し、乾留ガス燃焼炉の燃焼温度がこの上限
値又は下限値を逸脱したとき、空気冷却制御又は加熱制
御を行うようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１ないし５
項のいずれか１項に記載の加熱処理システムにおける乾
留ガス燃焼炉の制御方法。6. An upper and lower limit temperature value of the carbonization gas combustion furnace is set, and when the combustion temperature of the carbonization gas combustion furnace deviates from the upper limit value or the lower limit value, air cooling control or heating control is performed. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein
A method for controlling a carbonization gas combustion furnace in the heat treatment system according to any one of the above items.
理物を供給口側から排出口側に攪拌しながら移送する移
送手段を内部に有する回転円筒体と、該回転円筒体を回
転駆動するキルン駆動手段を備えたロータリーキルン
を、横置きで、且つ上下方向に第１および第２ロータリ
ーキルンとして配設し、第１ロータリーキルンの供給口
側に、スクリューフィダから成る被処理物供給手段を設
け、スクリューフィダから被処理物を供給して加熱処理
し、加熱処理後の被処理物を、中間に間欠送り手段を有
する連通ダクトを介して第２ロータリーキルンに送出
し、第２ロータリーキルンで加熱処理した後、排出ダク
トから排出するようにするとともに、第１および第２ロ
ータリーキルンで発生した乾留ガスを、乾留ガス燃焼炉
で燃焼した後、排ガス処理装置へ送出するようにした加
熱処理システムにおける乾留ガス燃焼温度制御装置にお
いて、 前記乾留ガス燃焼炉内の温度を直接又は間接に検出する
温度検出手段と、第１ロータリーキルンの回転数を制御
するキルン回転制御手段と、被処理物供給手段のスクリ
ューフィダの回転数を制御するスクリューフィダ回転制
御手段とを設け、キルン回転制御手段は、前記温度検出
手段の温度検出信号と温度設定部であらかじめ設定した
温度設定信号とを比較するとともに、第１キルンの回転
数に上限および下限を設けるリミットツタを介して第１
キルンの回転数を制御する制御部から成り、スクリュー
フィダ回転制御手段は、前記温度検出信号と温度設定信
号を比較してその偏差信号を出力する比率制御部と、第
１キルンの回転数とスクリューフィダの回転数の比率を
設定する比率設定部と、これら比率制御部と比率設定部
の出力を切り替える切替手段と、該切替手段の出力とキ
ルン回転制御手段の制御信号とを乗算してスクリューフ
ィダの回転数を制御する乗算手段とを備え、切替手段
は、第１キルンの回転数が下限又は上限に達したときに
出力されるリミッタの信号で比率制部による回転比率制
御に切り替えるようにしたことを特徴とする加熱処理シ
ステムにおける乾留ガス燃焼温度制御装置。7. A rotary cylinder having therein a heating means for heating an object to be processed and a transfer means for transferring the object to be processed while stirring it from a supply port side to a discharge port side, and rotatably drives the rotary cylinder body. A rotary kiln provided with kiln driving means is disposed horizontally, and vertically and vertically as first and second rotary kilns, and on the supply port side of the first rotary kiln, a workpiece supply means comprising a screw feeder is provided. The object to be treated is supplied from the screw feeder and subjected to heat treatment, and the object to be treated after the heat treatment is sent to the second rotary kiln through a communication duct having an intermittent feeding means in the middle, and is heat-treated by the second rotary kiln. After that, the gas is discharged from the discharge duct, and the carbonized gas generated in the first and second rotary kilns is burned in a carbonized gas combustion furnace, and then discharged. A temperature control means for directly or indirectly detecting the temperature in the dry distillation gas combustion furnace, and a kiln for controlling the number of rotations of the first rotary kiln. A rotation control means and a screw feeder rotation control means for controlling the number of rotations of the screw feeder of the workpiece supply means are provided, and the kiln rotation control means is provided in advance by a temperature detection signal of the temperature detection means and a temperature setting unit. The set temperature setting signal is compared with the set temperature setting signal, and the first kiln is set to an upper limit and a lower limit via the limit ivy.
A screw feeder rotation control unit that compares the temperature detection signal with a temperature setting signal and outputs a deviation signal thereof; and a rotation control unit that controls a rotation speed of the first kiln. A ratio setting unit that sets the ratio of the number of rotations of the screw feeder; a switching unit that switches the outputs of the ratio control unit and the ratio setting unit; and an output of the switching unit multiplied by a control signal of the kiln rotation control unit. Multiplication means for controlling the rotation speed of the screw feeder, wherein the switching means switches to the rotation ratio control by the ratio control unit based on the signal of the limiter output when the rotation speed of the first kiln reaches the lower limit or the upper limit. A carbonization gas combustion temperature control device in a heat treatment system, characterized in that:
理物を供給口側から排出口側に攪拌しながら移送する移
送手段を内部に有する回転円筒体と、該回転円筒体を回
転駆動するキルン駆動手段を備えたロータリーキルを横
置きで、且つ上下方向に第１および第２ロータリーキル
ンとして配設し、第１ロータリーキルンの供給口側に、
スクリューフィダから成る被処理物供給手段を設け、ス
クリューフィダから被処理物を供給して加熱処理し、加
熱処理後の被処理物を、中間に間欠送り手段を有する連
通ダクトを介して第２ロータリーキルンに送出し、第２
ロータリーキルンで加熱処理した後、排出ダクトから排
出するようにするとともに、第１および第２ロータリー
キルで発生した乾留ガスを導出管を介して乾留ガス燃焼
炉に導入し、該乾留ガス燃焼炉で燃焼した後、排ガス処
理装置へ送出するようにした加熱処理システムにおける
乾留ガス燃焼温度制御装置において、 前記乾留ガス燃焼炉内の温度を直接又は間接に検出する
温度検出手段と、第１ロータリーキルの回転数を制御す
るキルン回転制御手段と、被処理物供給手段のスクリュ
ーフィダの回転数を制御するスクリューフィダ回転制御
手段と、前記導出管に設けたコントロールダンパと、該
コントロールダンパの開度を制御するダンパ制御手段と
を設け、該ダンパ制御手段は、前記温度検出手段の温度
検出信号と温度設定部であらかじめ設定した温度設定信
号とを比較するとともに、コントロールダンパの開度に
上限および下限を設けるリミッタを介してコントロール
ダンパの開度を制御するダンパ制御部から成り、キルン
回転制御手段は、前記ダンパ制御部の出力信号とコント
ロールダンパの開度をあらかじめ設定した開度設定信号
とを比較するとともに、第１キルンの回転数に上限およ
び下限を設けるリミットツタを介して第１キルンの回転
数を制御する制御部から成り、スクリューフィダ回転制
御手段は、前記ダンパ制御部の出力信号とダンパ開度設
定信号を比較してその偏差信号を出力する比率制御部
と、第１キルンの回転数とスクリューフィダ回転数の比
率を設定する比率設定部と、これら比率制御部と比率設
定部の出力を切り替える切替手段と、該切替手段の出力
とキルン回転制御手段の制御信号とを乗算してスクリュ
ーフィダの回転数を制御する乗算手段とを備え、切替手
段は、第１キルンの回転数が下限又は上限に達したとき
に出力されるリミッタの信号で比率制部による回転比率
制御に切り替えるようにしたことを特徴とする加熱処理
システムにおける乾留ガス燃焼温度制御装置。8. A rotary cylinder having therein heating means for heating the object to be processed and transfer means for transferring the object to be processed from the supply port side to the discharge port side while stirring, and the rotary cylinder is driven to rotate. A rotary killer equipped with kiln driving means is placed horizontally and vertically as first and second rotary kilns, and on the supply port side of the first rotary kiln,
Providing an object to be processed composed of a screw feeder, supplying an object to be processed from the screw feeder and performing a heat treatment, the object to be processed after the heat treatment is passed through a communication duct having an intermittent feeding means in the middle. 2 Send to rotary kiln, 2nd
After the heat treatment in the rotary kiln, the gas is discharged from the discharge duct, and the carbonized gas generated in the first and second rotary kills is introduced into the carbonized gas combustion furnace through the outlet pipe, and is burned in the carbonized gas combustion furnace. After that, in the dry distillation gas combustion temperature control device in the heat treatment system which is sent to the exhaust gas treatment device, a temperature detection means for directly or indirectly detecting the temperature in the dry distillation gas combustion furnace, and rotation of the first rotary kill Kiln rotation control means for controlling the number of rotations, screw feeder rotation control means for controlling the number of rotations of the screw feeder of the workpiece supply means, a control damper provided in the outlet pipe, and an opening degree of the control damper. And a damper control means for controlling the temperature detection signal of the temperature detection means and a temperature setting unit. The damper control unit controls the opening of the control damper through a limiter that compares the set temperature setting signal with an upper limit and a lower limit of the opening of the control damper, and the kiln rotation control unit includes the damper control unit. A control unit that compares the output signal of the first kiln with an opening setting signal in which the opening of the control damper is set in advance, and controls the rotation speed of the first kiln via a limit ivy that sets an upper limit and a lower limit for the rotation speed of the first kiln. A ratio control unit for comparing the output signal of the damper control unit with a damper opening degree setting signal and outputting a deviation signal thereof; a rotation speed of the first kiln and a screw feeder rotation speed; A ratio setting unit for setting a ratio of numbers, a switching unit for switching the outputs of the ratio control unit and the ratio setting unit, and an output of the switching unit. Multiplication means for controlling the rotation speed of the screw feeder by multiplying by a control signal of the kiln rotation control means, wherein the switching means outputs a limiter output when the rotation speed of the first kiln reaches a lower limit or an upper limit. A combustion temperature control device for the carbonized gas in the heat treatment system, wherein the control is switched to the rotation ratio control by the ratio control unit in response to the signal.
の設定値をバンプレスとするため、比率制御部の出力
「切」の状態においては、比率制御部の出力を比率設定
値に一致させ、比率制御部の出力「入」の状態において
は、比率設定部の設定値を比率制御部の出力に一致させ
る手段を設けたことを特徴とする請求項７又は８記載の
加熱処理システムにおける乾留ガス燃焼温度制御装置。9. When the output of the ratio control unit is "off", the output of the ratio control unit is made to match the ratio set value in order to set the set value of the ratio setting unit at the time of switching by the switching unit to bumpless. 9. The carbonized gas in the heat treatment system according to claim 7, wherein a means for matching the set value of the ratio setting unit with the output of the ratio control unit is provided when the output of the ratio control unit is "on". Combustion temperature control device.
かじめ設定した許容温度の上限値および下限値の設定信
号値とを比較して上限値に達したときは冷却空気供給手
段により供給空気量を制御し、下限値に達したときは、
燃焼バーナへの燃料の供給量を制御して許容温度制限内
に温度を制御する手段を備えたことを特徴とする請求項
７，８，９いずれか１項に記載の加熱処理システムにお
ける乾留ガス燃焼温度制御装置。10. A cooling air supply means which, when a temperature detection signal of a carbonization gas combustion furnace is compared with a preset upper limit value and lower limit value set signal value of an allowable temperature and reaches an upper limit value, a supply amount of cooling air is increased by cooling air supply means. Control, and when the lower limit is reached,
The carbonized gas in the heat treatment system according to any one of claims 7, 8, and 9, further comprising means for controlling the amount of fuel supplied to the combustion burner to control the temperature within an allowable temperature limit. Combustion temperature control device.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP20108799A JP4096461B2 (en) | 1999-07-15 | 1999-07-15 | Control method and apparatus for combustion temperature of dry distillation gas in heat treatment system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20108799A JP4096461B2 (en) | 1999-07-15 | 1999-07-15 | Control method and apparatus for combustion temperature of dry distillation gas in heat treatment system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001027409A true JP2001027409A (en) | 2001-01-30 |
| JP4096461B2 JP4096461B2 (en) | 2008-06-04 |
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| JP20108799A Expired - Fee Related JP4096461B2 (en) | 1999-07-15 | 1999-07-15 | Control method and apparatus for combustion temperature of dry distillation gas in heat treatment system |
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