JP2001020398A - Water-proof face material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water-proof face material which can prevent dew condensation inside the outer wall by forming a water-proof face material provided on the outdoor side of an outer wall body as an asphalt compound layer, and providing many projections on one surface of the interior side to form a projecting and recessed surface. SOLUTION: An outer layer structure is formed by stacking a water-proof face material 2 and a cement mortar 3 on the outdoor side of an outer wall body W. The water-proof face material 2 is provided with a projecting and recessed surface 2e formed by many projections provided on the interior side of the asphalt compound layer 2b. Paper or the like may be embossed, and the projected and recessed surface layer may be stuck thereto. The asphalt compound layer 2b is a layer having a cold flow property and viscous elasticity of asphalt or rubber modified asphalt. In the case of forming a three-layer structure, the base layer provided on the outdoor side is made of non-woven fabric such as synthetic resin or the like, which is hard to absorb moisture. Thus, dew condensation on the inside of the outer wall can be prevented, and execution of construction is excellent to reduce the cost, and the generation of cracks in the outer layer finishing material can be restrained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waterproof face material which is suitably used especially for the exterior of a wooden building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, dew condensation inside an outer wall has become a problem in the trend of high airtightness and high heat insulation of a wooden building, and in order to prevent this, an exterior structure has been devised. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of such a conventional exterior structure.

The exterior structure shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a plywood 5 on the outdoor side of the lower wall 1 of the outer wall through a vertical trunk edge 4 so as to form a ventilation space A as a water vapor diffusion path on the outdoor side of the outer wall W. Then, waterproof paper 6 made of asphalt felt or the like and a lath net 7 as a coating base are tucker-fixed, and finally, the exterior finish is applied to cement mortar 3 as a wall material. Here, on the outdoor side of the outer wall sublining material 1, rainwater that has entered the ventilation space A is prevented from penetrating into the interior of the exterior wall W, and moisture that has entered the interior of the exterior wall W from the room is protected by the ventilation space A. A moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 8 is stuck to escape to the outside.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another example of such a conventional exterior structure. The exterior structure shown in the figure differs from the exterior structure shown in FIG. 3 only in that the plywood 5 is not attached to the outdoor side of the vertical trunk edge 4 and a lath net 9 with waterproof paper is nailed.

[0005]

However, such a conventional exterior structure has the following problems. (1) Since the number of members related to the exterior is large, the construction is complicated and the cost is high. In particular, in the exterior structure shown in FIG. 4, the waterproof paper portion of the lath net 9 with waterproof paper is wrapped toward the ventilation space A side due to the adjustment of the iron pressure during the construction of the cement mortar 3, so that the ventilation space A is secured. To do this, use a lath net 9 with waterproof paper.
In this case, it is necessary to increase the strength of the lath portion, install the vertical waist edge 4 at a smaller interval, or increase the thickness of the vertical waist edge 4, and in any case, the member cost increases.

(2) As means for forming the ventilation space A for preventing dew condensation inside the outer wall, a vertical trunk 4
As a result, the thickness of the entire outer wall increases accordingly. In particular, in the exterior structure shown in FIG. 3, the thickness of the entire outer wall is further increased in consideration of the thickness of the plywood 5. As a result, it is not only disadvantageous when, for example, it is necessary to separate from a neighboring land such as regulation of retreat of a wall surface, or when it is applied to a wooden building built on a small site such as an urban area, but also, for example, a room of an outer wall sash. This also increases the cost of the related members, such as an increase in the dimensions of the frame attached to the inner four circumferences.

(3) Ventilation space A formed by vertical waist edge 4
Since air flows only in the vertical direction, for example, in order to effectively prevent internal dew condensation on the outer wall around the opening, as shown in FIG. Special space is required, for example, a gap must be provided between D and the vertical waistline 4, and the construction is complicated. Further, if the construction accuracy is not sufficiently ensured, a portion where the ventilation space A is not formed is formed, which may adversely affect the quality.

(4) Since the cold flow property and the viscoelasticity of the waterproof paper portion of the waterproof paper 6 and the lath net 9 with the waterproof paper are not so large, when the lath net 7 is tacked to the plywood 5 in FIG. 6, the waterproof function of the waterproof paper 6 is impaired by the tucker holes. In FIG. 4, when the lath net 9 with waterproof paper is tuckered to the vertical outer rim 4, the tucker holes open in the waterproof paper portion of the lath net 9 with waterproof paper. This impairs the waterproof function of the lath net 9 with waterproof paper.

(5) The base material of the waterproof paper portion of the waterproof paper 6 and the lath net 9 with waterproof paper is a highly hygroscopic rug base paper made of waste paper, cotton, and shavings. 3 is likely to cause the surface to wave due to the absorption of the water in 3; This unevenness causes an imbalance in the coating thickness of the cement mortar 3 and the hardened cement mortar 3
Cracks are likely to occur.

(6) In the case of the exterior structure shown in FIG. 3, in particular, due to the presence of the plywood 5, a process such as caulking to ensure waterproofness around the ventilation fan duct and other outer wall penetrating members is performed as shown in FIG. It becomes complicated as compared with the exterior structure shown.

(7) Furthermore, in the case of the exterior structure shown in FIG. 4 in particular, the waterproof paper portion of the lath net 9 with waterproof paper is formed by the adjustment of the iron pressure when the cement mortar 3 is installed.
Since the cement mortar 3 sticks to the side, the coating thickness of the cement mortar 3 becomes unbalanced, and cracks are easily generated in the cement mortar 3 after hardening.

In view of the above problems, the present invention is not only excellent in waterproofness but also can effectively prevent dew condensation inside an outer wall when applied to the exterior of a wooden building, for example. The number of members is small and the exterior can be easily accommodated, and the waterproof function is not impaired by the attachment of external parts or tucker holes, etc., and the occurrence of cracks due to the imbalance of the coating thickness of the wet exterior finishing material It is an object of the present invention to provide a waterproof surface material capable of suppressing the occurrence of water.

[0013]

That is, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that the waterproof surface includes an asphalt compound layer and has on one side an uneven surface formed by scattered formation of a large number of projections. Material.

In the exterior structure of a wooden building, if the waterproof surface material is interposed between the outer wall sublining and the exterior finishing material, the asphalt compound layer included in the waterproofing surface material can reduce the outer wall sublining. Moisture does not penetrate into the indoor side, and the waterproofness of the outer wall can be ensured. If the uneven surface formed by scattered formation of a large number of projections is arranged so as to face the outer wall sublining material, a gap between the projections is secured as a water vapor diffusion path (hereinafter, referred to as a “vent space”), and the outer wall is formed. Internal condensation is effectively prevented. At this time, unlike the conventional exterior structure,
It is not necessary to attach the vertical waist edge to the outdoor side of the outer wall sublining to secure the ventilation space, only the waterproof surface material and the exterior finishing material are attached to the outdoor side of the outer wall sublining, Because the number of members related to the exterior is small and easy to fit as a whole,
It is easy to attach external parts and does not cause an increase in the cost of related members. Furthermore, since the uneven surface is formed with a large number of projections interspersed and the gaps formed by the projections communicate in any direction up, down, left, and right, unlike the conventional exterior structure, the openings and the attachment beams and attachments are different. The ventilation space is not divided by the mounting of external parts such as columns, and a continuous ventilation space can be easily secured, and at the same time, complicated installation and construction related to mounting of the external parts are not required. .

Further, since such a waterproof surface material is provided with an asphalt compound layer having a large cold flow property and viscoelasticity, a hole is formed by a fastening means (for example, a tucker needle) for fastening the exterior finishing material to the outer wall subbing material. Also, the waterproofing surface material itself is immediately closed by the repairing function (“a nail hole sealing function” described later), and the waterproofing function is not impaired. In addition, when using a waterproof surface material in which the outdoor side surface is the asphalt compound layer as it is, even when using a wet type material such as cement mortar as an exterior finishing material, the waterproof surface material may be subjected to rainwater or the like during construction. Since it does not absorb moisture in the exterior finish and cause bleeding, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of cracks due to the imbalance in the coating thickness of the exterior finish.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the waterproof face material according to the first aspect, a base layer made of a non-hygroscopic fiber is provided on a side opposite to the uneven surface.

In the exterior structure of a wooden building, if a waterproof surface material is interposed between the outer wall sublining material and the exterior finishing material, the outdoor side of the waterproof surface material becomes a base layer made of non-hygroscopic fibers. Therefore, just as when the outdoor side surface of the waterproofing surface material is the asphalt compound layer as it is, even when a wet type material such as cement mortar is used as the exterior finishing material, It is possible to suppress the occurrence of cracks due to the imbalance of the coating thickness of the exterior finish material without absorbing the moisture in the exterior finish material to cause rash.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description, the same elements will be denoted by the same reference symbols, without redundant description.

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of an exterior structure in which a waterproof facing material according to the present invention is applied to a wooden building. The exterior structure shown in the figure has an overall configuration in which a waterproof face material 2 and a cement mortar 3 are laminated on the outdoor side of an outer wall W, and the conventional exterior structure shown in FIGS. The configuration is the same, and only the configuration on the outdoor side is different from the outer wall sublining 1. Hereinafter, description will be made mainly on the waterproof surface material 2 and also refer to the exterior finishing material represented by the cement mortar 3 and the outer wall subbing material 1.

1. Waterproof face material (1) Basic function The basic function of the waterproof face material 2 is roughly divided into three. The first function is to prevent rainwater that has entered the inside of the outer wall from the outside or moisture in the outer finishing material when a wet outer finishing material such as cement mortar 3 is used from penetrating into the outer wall sublining 1 side. It is a function as a waterproof material. This function is performed by the waterproof paper 6 in the conventional exterior structure shown in FIG. 3 and by the waterproof paper portion of the lath net 9 with waterproof paper in the conventional exterior structure shown in FIG. In the exterior structure according to the embodiment, this is carried by the asphalt compound layer 2 b of the waterproof face material 2.

The second function is to remove moisture from the outside that has entered the inside of the outer wall, moisture in the exterior finish when a wet exterior finish such as cement mortar 3 is used, or defective portions of the vapor barrier 10. This function is to secure a ventilation space for allowing indoor moisture that has entered the outer wall W to escape to the outside. In the conventional exterior structure shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, this function is performed by the vertical body edge 4, whereas in the exterior structure according to the present embodiment, this is replaced by the uneven surface 2 e of the waterproof surface material 2. Is responsible.

A third function is a function of repairing a hole made in the waterproof surface material 2 when the lath net 7 is attached to the outer-wall subbing material 1 by a tucker, nailing, or the like, and maintaining the waterproof performance. is there. This function is insufficient or not secured at all by the conventional exterior structure shown in FIGS.

(2) Constitution Pattern As shown in FIG. 2, four patterns can be considered for the layer constitution of the waterproof face material 2 having the three basic functions. The waterproof surface material 2A shown in FIG.
a, an asphalt compound layer 2b, and a surface layer 2c are laminated, and a large number of protrusions 2d, 2d,... scattered on the indoor side of the surface layer 2c form an uneven surface 2e. The waterproof face material 2B shown in FIG. 2B has a two-layer structure in which a base layer 2a and an asphalt compound layer 2b are sequentially stacked from the outdoor side, and the asphalt compound layer 2
A large number of projections 2d, 2d,... scattered on the indoor side of b form the uneven surface 2e. The waterproof face material 2C shown in FIG.
Is the asphalt compound layer 2b in order from the outdoor side,
It has a two-layer structure in which the surface layer 2c is laminated, and a number of protrusions 2d, 2d,.
e. The waterproof face material 2D shown in FIG.
The asphalt compound layer 2b has a single-layer structure, and a large number of protrusions 2d, 2d,... Scattered on the indoor side of the asphalt compound layer 2b form an uneven surface 2e.

(3) Asphalt compound layer Here, the asphalt compound layer 2b is a layer composed of an asphalt compound having cold flow property and viscoelasticity such as asphalt or rubber-modified asphalt. It mainly has a function as a waterproofing material for preventing the water in the exterior finishing material from penetrating into the outer wall sublining material 1 when rain water or wet exterior finishing material such as cement mortar 3 is used. .

The asphalt compound layer 2b
Has a cold flow property and a viscoelasticity. As a result, when the exterior finishing material is a wet type such as cement mortar 3 or the like, a lath net 7 or the like as a coating base is used, and when the exterior finishing material is a dry plate such as siding or the like. Has a function of self-closing and repairing a hole made by a fastening means (a tucker needle, a nail, or the like) for fastening the dry plate to the outer wall underlaying material 1 (hereinafter referred to as a “nail hole sealing function”). Because it also has
The waterproof function of the waterproof face material 2 is not impaired by the fastening means. From such a viewpoint, all of the waterproof surface materials 2A to 2D have the asphalt compound layer 2
b.

(4) Uneven Surface The waterproof surface material 2A shown in FIG. 2 (a) and the waterproof surface material 2C shown in FIG. 2 (c) are formed by embossing paper or film with a predetermined unevenness. Are raised and the surface layer 2c on which the uneven surface 2e is formed by floating the protrusions 2d, 2d,... Is bonded to the asphalt compound layer 2b. Here, the uneven surface 2e of the surface layer 2c may be formed by arranging a large number of protrusions 2d, 2d,. The waterproof face material 2B shown in FIG. 2 (b) and the waterproof face material 2D shown in FIG. 2 (d) are formed by embossing the indoor surface of the asphalt compound layer 2b itself to form a large number of projections 2d, 2d, Are raised to form an uneven surface 2e.

In any case, the uneven surface 2e has a function of securing a ventilation space on the indoor side of the waterproof surface material 2 by the space between the many projections 2d, 2d,. Each of the 2Ds has an uneven surface 2e. Here, the arrangement form of the protrusions 2d, 2d,... Can be freely determined, but an arrangement having no directionality is preferable. If the air can only flow in the vertical direction as in the ventilation space A in the conventional exterior structure, a special accommodation is required to secure the ventilation space A around the opening (see FIG. 5). ). Further, the height of the protrusion 2d (the difference in height of the uneven surface 2e) is preferably 1 mm or more. If the height of the projection 2d is smaller than this, the projections 2d, 2d,.
This is because the gap between them is too narrow to function as a ventilation space. A more desirable height of the projection 2d is 2 to 10 mm. The height of the projection 2d is 1
If it is larger than 0 mm, a general-purpose product cannot be used as a tucker needle for attaching the lath net 7. The height of the projection 2d, which is particularly desirable, is 2 to 4 mm. This is because if the height of the projection 2d is 4 mm or less, the waterproof face material 2 can be rolled like a conventional waterproof paper, carried into the site, and constructed as before.

The ventilation space formed by such a large number of projections 2d, 2d,... Is crushed by the force of fixing the beams and columns to the outdoor side of the cement mortar 3, for example. Of course not. If there is an imbalance of water vapor pressure in the outer wall,
The water vapor automatically diffuses through the ventilation space into the outer wall so that the water vapor pressure in the outer wall becomes substantially uniform. Also,
Simultaneously with this operation, if the water vapor pressure in the outer wall is not equal to the water vapor pressure in the outside air, the water vapor is released from the outside wall into the outside air so that the pressure becomes substantially equal.

(5) Base Layer The base layer 2a is not a highly moisture-absorbing rug base paper made of waste paper, cotton, or shavings, such as the waterproof paper portion of the conventional waterproof paper 6 and the waterproof paper lath 9; Synthetic fibers (eg polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene)
Nonwoven fabric, glass fiber woven fabric or nonwoven fabric, or a woven fabric or nonwoven fabric obtained by blending these.

The base layer 2a is not essential for the waterproof surface material 2. However, in the case shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, it serves as a base surface when the asphalt compound layer 2b is formed by coating. The waterproof facing materials 2A and 2B having such a base layer 2a are installed so that the base layer 2a faces the outside and in contact with the exterior finishing material. However, since the base layer 2a is made of non-hygroscopic fiber, the exterior finishing material is not provided. Even a wet type cement mortar 3 or the like hardly absorbs rainwater during construction or moisture in the exterior finishing material, and does not cause rash. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate as much as possible the cause of the occurrence of cracks in the hardened exterior finishing material due to the imbalance in coating thickness. In addition,
In the case of FIGS. 2C and 2D without the base layer 2a, the same effect can be obtained because the asphalt compound itself is a non-hygroscopic material.

(6) Precautions for Construction As described above, the waterproof face material 2 is often transported to the site in the form of a roll like conventional waterproof paper and is constructed in the same manner as before. Attention should be paid to the portion where the materials 2 overlap.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a portion where the waterproof face materials 2 overlap each other. Here, from the viewpoint of waterproof performance, it is desirable to attach one piece of the waterproof surface material 2 to the entire surface of the outer wall subbing material 1, but this is impossible due to the size of both. . On the other hand, if the waterproof face materials 2 are put together without overlapping, water will enter through the gap. In practice, therefore, as shown in the figure, the upper part of the lower waterproof surface material 2 is overlapped with the lower part of the upper waterproof surface material 2 so as to be constructed. Although FIG. 1 shows a portion where the waterproof face material 2 overlaps double, a portion where the waterproof face material 2 overlaps three times occurs depending on a part.

However, since the portions where the waterproof face materials 2 overlap each other naturally have a large thickness, the coating thickness of the cement mortar 3 applied over the waterproof face materials 2 is imbalanced as it is. In addition, it may not be possible to suppress the occurrence of cracks in the cement mortar 3 after hardening. Therefore, the following three measures are conceivable to avoid such a situation.

The first measure is, as shown in FIG. 7, where the waterproof face materials 2 are put together without overlapping,
The waterproof tape 11 is applied from above the joint. According to such a measure, a ventilation space is ensured over the entire surface of the outer wall sublining material 1, and not only can the waterproof tape 11 prevent water from entering from the joint portion, but also a factor of imbalance in the coating thickness of the cement mortar 3. Since only the thickness of the extremely thin waterproof tape 11 is obtained, the occurrence of cracks in the cement mortar 3 after curing can be suppressed as much as possible. This measure can be applied to any of the waterproof face materials 2A to 2D shown in FIG.

The second measure is to peel off only the superposed portion of the surface layer 2c of the upper waterproof surface material 2 using a cutter or the like at the site (see FIG. 8A), and thereafter, the base layer 2a and the asphalt compound layer 2b The waterproof surface material 2 is constructed by superimposing only the pieces (see FIG. 8B).
According to such a measure, a ventilation space is ensured over the entire surface of the outer wall subbing material 1 and the asphalt compound layer 2
b prevents not only the penetration of water from the overlapping portion but also the imbalance of the coating thickness of the cement mortar 3 because only the thickness of the base layer 2a and the asphalt compound layer 2b which are extremely thin cause the cement mortar 3 to harden. The generation of cracks in the mortar 3 can be suppressed as much as possible.

The second measure is shown in FIG.
It should be noted that the present invention can be applied only to the waterproof surface materials 2A and 2C shown in (a) and (c). The waterproof face materials 2B and 2D shown in FIGS. 2B and 2D correspond to the asphalt compound layer 2.
Since b has a layer structure also serving as the surface layer 2c,
This is because it is difficult to simply peel off only the layer portion corresponding to the surface layer 2c on site without impairing the waterproof function of the asphalt compound layer 2b. On the other hand, waterproof face material 2
In the case of A and 2C, the second layer is provided on condition that the surface layer 2c and the asphalt compound layer 2b are bonded with an adhesive or the like which can be easily peeled off on site using a cutter or the like. Measures can be applied.

The third measure is that the surface layer 2c and the base layer 2a
The asphalt compound layer 2b and the waterproof surface material 2 are manufactured separately, and only the surface layer 2c is first attached to the outer wall subbing 1 at the site (see FIG. 9A). At this time,
The surface layers 2c are butted so as not to overlap each other.
Then, the base layer 2a and the asphalt compound layer 2b
Is laminated on the surface layer 2c, and from the viewpoint of waterproof performance, this is to be performed by overlapping (FIG. 9).
(B)). According to such a measure, the outer wall sublining 1
Not only prevents the intrusion of water from the overlapping portion by the asphalt compound layer 2b, but also causes the unevenness of the coating thickness of the cement mortar 3 to be extremely thin. The base layer 2a and the asphalt compound layer Since the thickness is only 2b, the occurrence of cracks in the cement mortar 3 after curing can be suppressed as much as possible. Note that this measure is based on the condition that the waterproof face material 2 is manufactured separately in the layer portion corresponding to the surface layer 2c and the other layer portions, and any of the waterproof face materials 2A to 2D shown in FIG. Also applicable to

2. Exterior Finishing Material In this embodiment, cement mortar 3 is used as the exterior finishing material.
In consideration of the above, the lath net 7 is attached to the waterproof surface material 2 as a coating base, but the exterior finishing material is not limited to such a wet type, and dry type siding or the like can be adopted. Regardless of whether it is a wet type or a dry type, forming a ventilation space in consideration of waterproofness between the outer wall W and the exterior finishing material is an effective means for increasing the durability of the outer wall W. Regardless of the wet type or the dry type, a fastening means (a nail, a tucker needle, or the like) for fixing the exterior finish material to the outer wall subbing material 1 penetrates the waterproof surface material 2. Lumber 2
Since the nail hole sealing function is exhibited by the asphalt compound layer 2b inside, the waterproof function of the waterproof face material 2 is not impaired by the fastening means.

3. Outer wall underlaying material The outer wall underlaying material 1 is located on the outdoor side surface of the outer wall W and is a target to which the waterproof face material 2 is attached. The waterproof face material 2 can enhance the durability of the outer wall W by forming a waterproof layer and a ventilation space between the outer wall W and the exterior finishing material. Thus, when applied to the exterior structure of a wooden building, the effect is maximized. However, the application target of the waterproof surface material 2 is not limited to the exterior structure of a wooden building, and can be widely used as a waterproof material for architecture.

[0040]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Manufacture The material, dimensions, etc., which are considered optimal from the embodiments described so far, are appropriately selected, and the waterproof face material is actually manufactured. As shown in FIG. 2A, the layer structure of the waterproof surface material was a three-layer structure in which a base layer, an asphalt compound layer, and a surface layer were laminated.

(1) Base Layer In this example, a polyester nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 100 g / m ² impregnated with blown asphalt was used as the base layer.

(2) Asphalt Compound Layer The asphalt compound is preferably a modified asphalt from the viewpoint of durability and nail hole sealing function. The modified asphalt referred to here is natural rubber, SBR, SBS,
At least one kind is selected from synthetic rubbers such as EPDM and synthetic resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, mixed with asphalts, and added with a process oil, a filler and the like as necessary. And in this embodiment,
The composition of the asphalt compound layer was 70% by weight of straight asphalt, 20% by weight of SBS, and 10% by weight of aromatic rosin, and the thickness was set to 0.8 mm.

(3) Surface Layer In this example, first, a film of PET having a thickness of 50 μm was subjected to a corona surface treatment to improve the adhesiveness to a resin forming projections. Then, a resin compound whose main component is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin is formed into hemispherical projections having a diameter of 4.0 mm and a height of 2.5 mm, and a large number of the projections thus formed are subjected to the corona surface treatment. A surface layer having an uneven surface was formed by adhering and disposing the film at an interval of about 3.0 mm on the surface of the film.

2. Perform experiments on the ventilation performance and nail hole sealing function of the waterproof face material manufactured in Performance 1.

(1) Ventilation performance When the length of the ventilation path was set to 10 m, a ventilation volume of 4000 ml / min was secured under a pressure of 15 mmAq.

(2) Nail Hole Sealing Function A waterproof face material was nailed to a water-resistant plywood as a base using a straight nail. Then, in a 50 mm water head (40 mm diameter vinyl chloride resin pipe), the number of water leakage points out of the ten nail holes was confirmed. Here, in order to confirm the durability of the waterproof surface material, the initial (after 24 hours) and after the durability treatment (6
After standing in the air at 0 ° C for 24 hours,
The experiment was performed for both of the four-hour immersion cycles (after seven cycles). An experiment was also performed on a conventional waterproof paper (reference numeral 6 in FIG. 3), and the results were compared.

As a result, three leaks were found in the initial stage of the conventional waterproof paper and four were found after the endurance treatment. Was not found. Therefore, it can be seen that the waterproof face material is superior not only in the nail hole sealing function but also in durability as compared with the conventional waterproof paper.

[0048]

As described above, in the exterior structure of a wooden building, if the waterproof surface material according to claim 1 is interposed between the outer wall sublining material and the exterior finishing material, the waterproof surface material can be obtained. Due to the asphalt compound layer included, moisture does not penetrate into the indoor side than the outer wall sublining material, and the waterproofness of the outer wall can be ensured. If the uneven surface formed by scattered formation of a large number of projections is arranged so as to face the underlaying material on the outer wall, a space between the projections is secured as a ventilation space, and the internal dew condensation on the outer wall is effectively prevented. At this time, unlike the conventional exterior structure, there is no need to attach a vertical waist edge to the outdoor side of the outer wall sublining to secure ventilation space. Since only the components are attached, the number of components related to the exterior is small and the fitting is simple and easy, so external components can be easily attached and the cost of related components does not increase. Cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the uneven surface is formed with a large number of projections interspersed, and the gap formed by each projection communicates in any direction up, down, left, and right, so that unlike the conventional exterior structure, the openings and the beams and attachments are different. The ventilation space is not divided by the installation of external parts such as pillars, and a continuous ventilation space can be easily secured, and at the same time, complicated installation and construction related to the installation of the external parts are not required. .

Further, since such a waterproof surface material is provided with an asphalt compound layer having a large cold flow property and viscoelasticity, even if a hole is made by a fastening means for fastening the exterior finish material to the outer wall underlaying material, the waterproof surface material can be used. The material itself is immediately closed by the nail hole sealing function, and the waterproof function is not impaired. In addition, when using a waterproof surface material in which the outdoor side surface is the asphalt compound layer as it is, even when using a wet type material such as cement mortar as an exterior finishing material, the waterproof surface material may be subjected to rainwater or the like during construction. Since it does not absorb moisture in the exterior finish and cause bleeding, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of cracks due to the imbalance in the coating thickness of the exterior finish.

Further, in the exterior structure of a wooden building,
If the waterproof face material according to claim 2 is interposed between the outer wall sublining material and the exterior finish material, the outdoor side of the waterproof face material is a base layer made of non-hygroscopic fiber. As when the outer surface is as it is asphalt compound layer, even when using a wet type such as cement mortar as the exterior finishing material, the waterproof surface material absorbs rainwater during construction and moisture in the exterior finishing material As a result, the occurrence of cracks due to the imbalance in the coating thickness of the exterior finishing material can be suppressed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of an exterior structure in which a waterproof facing material according to the present invention is applied to a wooden building.

FIG. 2 is a sectional perspective view showing a configuration pattern of a waterproof face material according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of a conventional exterior structure.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another example of a conventional exterior structure.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing an arrangement of a vertical trunk edge around an opening in a conventional exterior structure.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an overlapping portion between waterproof face materials.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining a first measure for suppressing an increase in thickness due to overlapping of waterproof face materials, where FIG. 7A is a front view and FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the second measure.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the third measure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A: Ventilation space D: Lower frame U: Upper frame W: Outer wall 1: Outer wall lining 2, 2A to 2D: Waterproof surface material 2a: Base layer 2b: Asphalt compound layer 2c: Surface layer 2d: Projection 2e: Uneven surface 3 … Cement mortar 4… vertical waistline 5… plywood 6… waterproof paper 7… lath net 8… moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 9… lath net with waterproof paper 10… vapor barrier 11… waterproof tape

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tsuneo Tajima 1-3-1 Kodai, Adachi-ku, Tokyo Inside Tajima Roofing Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshinori Takahashi 1-3-1, Kodai, Adachi-ku, Tokyo No. F-term in Tajima Roofing Co., Ltd. (reference) 2E001 DA01 DB02 EA08 FA04 FA09 GA05 GA10 GA16 GA23 GA27 GA28 GA32 HA01 HA33 HC07 HD11 JA22 JD04 JD08 JD09 LA03 LA12 ND12

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A waterproof face material comprising an asphalt compound layer and having on one side an uneven surface formed by scattered formation of a large number of projections. 2. The waterproof face material according to claim 1, further comprising a base layer made of non-hygroscopic fibers on a side opposite to the uneven surface.