JP2001020282A - Pile driving method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pile driving method which can correctly position a position of a pile to be driven, and can easily drive the pile in a short period of time without damaging the pile. SOLUTION: A steel pipe pile 10 is supported at two points by a sliding guide 4 having a roller for pinching the steel pope pile 10, in a manner being movable in a piling direction, and then the steel pipe pile 10 is driven into the ground. The sliding guide 4 is movably mounted on a guide member 5 on a spudding-type pontoon 2, and the sliding guide 4 is movable in a direction orthogonal to a guide member 5 extending direction. Further, the sliding guide 4 is mounted on the guide member 5 so that the pile driving angle can be adjusted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pile driving method for forming a ready-made pile in civil engineering work and a mooring pile of a ship in a harbor on a ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of driving a pile into underwater ground, there is a hydraulic hammer method in which a hydraulic hammer device is installed on a barge and the hydraulic pressure of a hydraulic cylinder is applied to the pile to drive the pile. However, this hydraulic hammer method has a large equipment and is not suitable for driving small-diameter piles. Therefore, in the case of a small-diameter pile, the pile was driven in by a vibro-hammer method. The vibro-hammer method uses a vibratory pile driver (hereinafter referred to as “pi-bro-hammer”) to give vertical vibration to the pile, crush and fluidize the soil at the tip of the pile, settle under its own weight, and increase the pile and soil This method reduces friction by vibration and promotes settlement.

FIG. 7 shows a conventional vibro-hammer method on water. Reference numeral 109 denotes a vibratory hammer, which generates vibration. Vibro hammer 10
9 is suspended via a rope 130 by a crane barge or the like. Chucks 109a and 109b for holding a pile or the like are provided at the tip of the vibro hammer 109.

[0004] Reference numeral 110 denotes a steel pipe pile, which may have a heavy anticorrosion coating on its surface in order to protect the pile body from corrosion. A chucking plate 124 having a width substantially equal to the diameter of the steel pipe pile 110 is welded to the upper end of the steel pipe pile 110. The chucking plate 124 is provided with chucks 109 a, 10 a provided on the tip of the vibro hammer 109.
9b.

As shown in FIG. 8, hanging pieces 125, 125 are welded to the side of the steel pipe pile 110. The suspension piece 125 has a hole 125a at a substantially central portion thereof.
A detachable shackle 141 for locking the rope 140 is attached to the hole 125a.
The rope 140 is provided with a locking member 140a at the tip, and by locking the locking member 140a to the shackle 141, the steel pipe pile 110 can be hung by the rope 140.
10 can be moved.

[0006] H steel (conducting material) 105 shown in FIG. 7 is for positioning and supporting the steel pipe pile 110 when the steel pipe pile 110 is suspended from above. The support 104 is for placing and fixing H steel on water, and is driven into the underwater ground. The H steels 105, 105 are arranged at intervals substantially the same length as the diameter of the steel pipe pile 110. That is, the steel pipe pile 110 is made of H steel 105, 10
5 is supported so as to be vertical with almost one point support.

A method for driving a pile with a vibratory hammer in the case of the above configuration is as follows. First, the support 104 is constructed underwater. Next, H steel 105,
105 is fixed to the support base 104 so as to have an interval substantially the same as the diameter of the steel pipe pile 110. Next, the rope 140
Is locked to the lifting pieces 125, 125 and lifted by a crane or the like. Next, the suspended steel pipe pile 110 is
It is guided between the steels 105, 105, and the steel pipe pile 110 is built in the underwater ground. Next, the vibratory hammer 109 is lifted by a crane, and the chucking plate 124 is clamped by the vibratory hammer 109. Next, the steel pipe pile 110 is vertically vibrated by the vibratory hammer 109 so that the underwater ground at the tip of the steel pipe pile 110 is crushed and fluidized while being driven into the underwater ground by its own weight. Then, after the pile is driven, the chucking plate 124 and the suspension pieces 125, 12
5 is heated and melted, and the chucking plate 12 is melted.
4 and the hanging piece 125 are cut from the steel pipe pile 110 and removed.

[0008]

In the above-mentioned vibro-hammer method, the steel pipe pile 1 is attached to the vibro-hammer 109.
Since the steel pipe pile 110 is driven into the underwater ground while holding the ten chucking plates 124, when the steel pipe pile 110 is lightweight, the center of gravity increases. Thereby, the steel pipe pile 1
Slight swaying of the upper part 10 leads to large swaying of the lower part of the steel pipe pile 110, making it difficult to position the steel pipe pile 110 at the time of driving and to secure the verticality of the steel pipe pile 110.

In addition, since the steel pipe pile 110 swings, it is guided while confirming the verticality of the steel pipe pile 110 by a surveying instrument while the steel pipe pile 110 is being driven, and while the verticality is forcibly corrected in some cases. Since the steel pipe pile 110 was driven in, the work time was greatly lost.

[0010] Also, H steel 105, 105 and steel pipe pile 110
Was rubbed, so that the heavy duty anticorrosion coating applied to the surface of the steel pipe pile 110 was sometimes damaged. Therefore,
The frequency of maintenance after pile driving increases. Also,
Since the chucking plate 124 and the suspending piece 125 melt the welds and the like and separate them from the steel pipe pile 110, the heat may damage the surface of the steel pipe pile 110 and the heavy-duty anticorrosion coating, which increases maintenance work and the like. There were challenges.

In order to position and support the driving of the steel pipe pile 110, the support 104 is first driven into the underwater ground, and then the H steel 105 is fixed to the support 104. Therefore, work efficiency was poor and the construction period was long.

When the thickness of the steel pipe pile 110 is small, the thickness of the chucking plate 124 is also small. For example,
When the thickness of the steel pipe pile 110 is 4 mm, the thickness of the chucking plate 124 is limited to about 9 mm. But,
This thickness is too small for the weight and vibration of the vibratory hammer 109, and may cause deformation such as bending of the chucking plate 124.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method in which a pile driving position can be accurately determined and a pile can be driven easily in a short time without damaging the pile.

[0014]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, when a pile is driven into the ground, a pile driving direction is provided by a pile supporting means provided on the ground. And a pile driving method for supporting the piles movably along the pile driving direction, wherein the pile driving method is provided so as to oppose each other and restricts the pile from moving in directions other than the axial direction. A pair of rollers (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) that can be rolled with the pile sandwiched between the pile support means and at least two pairs of rollers (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) are arranged along the pile driving direction. The method of solving the above problem is to drive the pile into the ground after being supported by being sandwiched between the pair of rollers.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the pile is supported by the pile supporting means so as to be movable along the pile driving direction, and the pile supporting means is used to at least move the pile along the pile driving direction. Since the pile is supported at two points, the pile can be driven into the ground without moving in a direction other than the pile driving direction at the time of pile driving. In addition, the pile can be driven into the ground without shaking. Therefore, the staking position is accurate, and the staking operation is facilitated.

Even if the pile is supported by the pile supporting means so as to be movable along the pile driving direction, the pile supporting means sandwiches the pile by two pairs of rolling rollers. Pile surface and pile support means (roller)
Are not rubbed, and the pile can be driven into the ground without damaging the pile. Therefore, for example, the heavy duty anticorrosion coating of the pile is not damaged, and the quality of the pile can be maintained. This reduces the frequency of maintenance after pile driving.

The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is, for example,
As shown in FIG. 2, the pile driving method according to claim 1, wherein a guide member (5) extending forward and backward is provided on the ground, and an attachment for attaching the pile support means to the guide member. A means (for example, a mounting jig 18) is movably attached to the guide member along the direction in which the guide member extends, and is movable left and right in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the guide member extends. A method for solving the above problem is to attach the pile support means to the mounting means and move the pile support means to the pile driving position in a state where the pile support means is mounted on the guide member.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the mounting means enables the pile supporting means to move freely in the direction in which the guide member extends (front-back direction). Further, the pile support means is movable in a direction (left-right direction) perpendicular to the extending direction of the guide member. That is, since the pile supporting means is movable back and forth and right and left, the pile can be driven into any position within the moving range of the pile supporting means. Further, the pile supporting means can be moved along the direction in which the guide member extends, and the plurality of piles can be easily driven.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pile driving method according to the second aspect, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, wherein the mounting means adjusts the mounting angle of the pile supporting means. The angle adjusting means (for example, bolt 1) for adjusting the angle in the axial direction of the pile supported by the pile supporting means
8b, 18c) is a means for solving the above problem.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to drive the pile accurately at an axial angle of the pile. Also,
The above-mentioned pile can be driven while adjusting the driving angle of the pile. Therefore, for example, it is not necessary to drive the pile while forcibly correcting the verticality, and the working time is reduced.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the pile driving method according to the second or third aspect as shown in FIG. 1, wherein the pile is driven into underwater ground, and It is a means for solving the above-mentioned problem in that it is mounted on a work boat (for example, a spat barge 2).

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the guide member is mounted on the work boat, it is not necessary to drive a support for supporting the guide member into the underwater ground, for example. Therefore, the working time is reduced. Also, by simply moving the work boat, the pile can be driven into any position within the movable range of the work boat.

The invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is the invention according to claim 1.
The pile driving method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one roller of the opposing rollers of each pair of the pile support means for holding the pile movably in the axial direction thereof is provided. After the pile is held, the pile is movably provided from the state in which the pile is released, and the pile supported by the pile support is driven into the ground, and then at least one roller is moved by the roller. A method for solving the above problem is to remove the pile support means from the pile by moving the pile support means in a state in which the holding of the pile is released.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the pile supporting means can be separated from the pile by releasing the holding of the pile by the pile supporting means after driving the pile into the ground. Therefore, when the pile supporting means is movable, the immovable pile driven into the ground does not hinder the movement of the pile supporting means, and the pile driving work is facilitated.

The invention according to claim 6 of the present invention is, for example,
As shown in Fig. 3, the pile driving method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the steel pipe as the pile is driven by a vibro hammer (9), and a vibro hammer chuck is attached to the steel pipe. The chucking plate (24) sandwiched between the portions (9a, 9b) is welded, and when the chucking plate is welded, the chucking plate is welded below the upper end of the steel pipe and the chucking plate is welded. Above the part
In the vicinity of the upper end of the steel pipe, the chucking plate and the steel pipe are separated from each other, and after driving the pile with a vibro hammer sandwiching the chucking plate, the chucking plate is moved near the upper end of the steel pipe. Cutting is a means for solving the above problem.

According to the invention, the chucking plate and the steel pipe are separated from each other above the portion where the chucking plate is welded to the steel pipe and near the upper end of the steel pipe. Therefore, when the chucking plate is cut by melting near the upper end of the steel pipe, thermal damage to the surface of the pile is reduced. For example, heavy duty anti-corrosion paint applied above piles does not melt during cutting. Therefore, the quality of the pile can be maintained. This reduces the frequency of pile maintenance after pile driving.

The invention according to claim 7 of the present invention is, for example,
As shown in FIG. 4, the pile driving method according to claim 6, wherein the left and right lower surfaces of the chuck portion sandwiching the chucking plate from the left and right are provided with a vibratory hammer having substantially the same height position, and the steel pipe as the pile is used. In the driving, the chucking plate is sandwiched by the chuck so that the lower surfaces on the left and right sides of the chuck come into contact with the upper surface of the steel pipe, respectively.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the steel pipe is brought into contact with the right and left lower surfaces of the chuck portion, whereby:
Since the load (vibration) of the vibro hammer is directly applied to the steel pipe pile, the chucking plate does not bend,
A load can be evenly applied to the steel pipe. Therefore, the pile driving position becomes accurate, and the pile driving operation becomes easy.

The invention described in claim 8 of the present invention is, for example,
As shown in FIG. 5, the pile driving method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein when the pile is supported by the pile supporting means, a wire for lifting the pile is connected, and the pile is connected. Is attached to the pile, and the pile is lifted using the wire to be supported by the pile support means, and then the gripping of the pile by the suspension jig is released. Then, removing the hanging jig from the pile is a means for solving the above problem.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, since the hanging jig can be detached by being sandwiched, it is not necessary to attach the hanging jig to the pile by welding, and the surface of the pile is not thermally damaged. Therefore, the quality of the pile can be maintained. This reduces the frequency of pile maintenance after pile driving.

[0031]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The drawings are only schematically shown to the extent that the invention can be understood, and thus the invention is not limited to the illustrated examples.

FIGS. 1A and 1B show a pile driving system 1 used for applying the pile driving method of the present invention. The pile driving system 1 includes a spat type barge 2, a crane 3, a slide type guide 4, a guide member 5 made of H steel, and the like.

The spat-type barge 2 is a working boat, and includes a crane 3, a slide type guide 4, a guide member 5, penetrating members 6, 6, wires 7, 7, through holes 8, 8, anchors (not shown), and windings. A turning device (not shown), a power generating device (not shown), and the like are provided.

The spat-type barge 2 has no self-propelling ability and moves or stays at a constant position on the water. Fix to underwater ground. Further, the winding device is fixed to the front left and right portions of the spat barge, respectively. Then, these winding devices are connected to the anchor fixed to the underwater ground by wires 7,7. By adjusting the winding amount of each winding device, the spat-type barge 2 is moved to the pile driving position and temporarily fixed.

A through hole 8 penetrating from the top of the boat to the bottom of the boat is provided at the rear left portion and the rear right portion of the spat barge 2.
8, the penetrating members 6, 6 are inserted.
Is inserted in the underground. That is, the penetrating members 6, 6 penetrating into the underwater ground from the spat barge 2, and the through holes 8, 8 for fixing the penetrating members 6, 6 to the spat barge 2 by inserting the penetrating members 6, 6. And the spat type barge 2 is fixed to the underwater ground.

The crane 3 is provided on the boat of the spat-type barge 2, and can be turned by a turning device (not shown), can raise and lower the boom 3 a by a raising and lowering device (not shown), and has a winding device ( The wire 3b can be wound up and down by a not-shown). In addition, a hanger 3c is provided at the tip of the wire 3b, and a vibro hammer 9 (shown in FIG. 4) or a steel pipe pile 10 can be hung.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the slide type guide 4 comprises a pile supporting means for supporting the upper part of the steel pipe pile 10 by rollers 11a and 11b,
c and a pile supporting means for supporting the lower portion of the steel pipe pile 10 by the roller 11d. And FIG.
As shown in (A) and (B), the slide type guide 4 is mounted on the boat of the spat type barge 2 and is guided by a guide member 5 extending along the hull to move in the front-rear direction. It is freely movable.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the slide type guide 4 has a mounting jig 18 (mounting means) for guiding the slide type guide 4 (main body) along the guide member 5. Have. The mounting jig 18 includes projecting portions 18a, 18a, bolts 18b,
c, a plate member 18d. The plate member 18d is a main body of the mounting jig 18, and the slide type guide 4 (main body) is mounted on the upper portion of the plate member 18d. The protruding portion 18a is fixed to the lower surface of the plate member 18d, and is for engaging the flange 5a of the guide member 5. Then, the flange 5a is engaged between the opposed protruding portions 18a, 18a and the plate member 18d, and the mounting jig 18 is movable in the front-rear direction along the guide member 5 together with the slide type guide 4. Further, the protruding portion 18a has a threaded hole, so that the bolt 18b can be screwed from below. The plate member 18d also has a threaded hole so that the bolt 18c can be screwed from above. And
By screwing these bolts 18b and 18c, the flange 5a can be clamped.

There is an interval between the engagement portion between the flange 5a and the protruding portion 18a or the plate member 18d, and the mounting angle of the mounting jig 18 can be adjusted within the range of the interval. That is, the mounting jig 18 is attached to the flange 5a from below.
Are provided on the front, rear, left and right (at least three so that they are not in a straight line), and the bolts 18 that hold the flange 5a from above are provided.
c, front, back, left and right (at least three so that they are not in a straight line)
By adjusting the degree of tightening of the bolts 18c and the degree of tightening of the bolts 18c, the mounting angle of the slide type guide 4 can be adjusted. The mounting angle is measured by a well-known level 21. As described above, when the bolts 18b,..., 18c are loosened, the mounting jig 18 can move in the front-rear direction along the guide member 5.

The slide type guide 4 is connected to the cylindrical member 1.
2, a screw transmission mechanism including a cylindrical member 13, a screw 14, a handle 15, a screw support 16 and a nut 19 is provided. The cylindrical member 13 is fixed to a mounting jig 18, and a screw 14 is rotatably inserted into the bottom of the cylindrical member 13, and the head of the screw 14 projects outside the cylindrical member 13. The handle 15 is mounted on the head of the screw 14. The tip of the screw 14 is rotatably pinned to the screw support 16. And the screw support 16
Is attached to the tubular member 13. That is, the screw 14 can be rotated by rotating the handle 15.

The cylindrical member 12 is fitted in the cylindrical member 13, and the cylindrical member 12 is movable along the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical member 13. A nut 19 is provided at the bottom of the tubular member 12. The screw 14 is screwed to the nut 19 and penetrates the bottom of the tubular member 13. That is, when the screw 14 rotates, the nut 19 moves in the left-right direction,
In addition, the tubular member 12 can reciprocate in the left-right direction. In order to prevent the screw support 16 from hindering the movement of the cylindrical member 12, the cylindrical member 12 has cuts 1 on its side surface.
2c. Note that the tubular member 12 and the tubular member 13 are attached such that their longitudinal directions are orthogonal to the guide member 5. As described above, the slide guide 4 can be moved in the left-right direction (the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the guide member 5 extends) by the screw 14 and the nut 19. by the way,
As will be described later, the pile driving is performed by a vibro hammer, so that the pile may move left and right due to vibration of the vibro hammer. Therefore, it is preferable to prepare a stopper (not shown) for stopping the rotation of the handle 15 and to prevent the slide type guide 4 from moving after determining the driving position of the pile. The movement in the left and right direction is performed by the screw 14 and the nut 19.
Although the movement is performed by the screw transmission mechanism composed of, the movement may be performed by a pinion rack mechanism or a hydraulic cylinder mechanism.
In such a case as well, it is desirable to provide a positioning and fixing mechanism so that when the left and right positioning is performed, the position is not shifted by vibration of a vibratory hammer or the like.

A roller 11a and a roller 11b are provided inside the cylinder member 12 on the head side so as to be substantially adjacent to each other, facing left and right. The roller 11a and the roller 11b are pinned to the cylindrical member 12 in the front-rear direction,
It is rotatable about a pin. Further, the rollers 11a and 11b are drum-shaped pillars having a large diameter at the pinned portion and a small diameter at the middle portion. And the roller 11a
The roller 11a and the roller 11b are arranged so as to sandwich the steel pipe pile 10 in the left-right direction between the side surface of the roller 11b and the side surface of the roller 11b. That is, since the steel pipe pile 10 is held between the drum-shaped rollers, the steel pipe pile 10 cannot move in any direction other than the pile driving direction (almost vertical direction).

The cylindrical member 12 has holes on the upper and lower sides of the opposing portion of the rollers 11a and 11b, into which the steel pipe pile 10 can be inserted.
The steel pipe pile 10 is supported so as to be sandwiched between the steel pipe pile 11 and the roller 11b. Since the rollers 11a and 11b are rotatable, the steel pipe pile 10 can roll along the pile driving direction.
As described above, the steel pipe pile 10 is supported by being sandwiched between the rollers 11a and 11b.

The cylindrical member 12 has a portion 12A to which the roller 11a is attached (the side supported by the cylindrical member 13) and a portion 12B to which the roller 11b is attached (the tip side).
Are separated. Then, hinge 1 is replaced with 12B part to 12A part.
It is hinged by 7, 17. Therefore, the portion 12B can be moved around the hinge 17, and the holding of the steel pipe pile 10 can be released. That is, 12B is changed from the closed state to the open state, and the rollers 11a and 11b
Of the steel pipe pile 10 can be released.

On the opposite side of the cylindrical member 12 to which the hinge 17 is attached, a fastening jig 20 for fixing the portion 12B to the portion 12A is provided. The fastening jig includes a stopper 20a, a turning screw 20b, a nut 20c, and a turning tool 20d. The stopper 20a is fixed to the portion 12B and the turning tool 20d is fixed to the portion 12A, and the turning screw 20b can be turned around the turning tool 20d by the turning tool 20d. In addition, the stopper 20a can lock the turning screw 20b. When the portion 12B is closed, the turning screw 20b is locked to the stopper 20a and the nut 20c is tightened, so that the portions 12A and 12B can be fixed. That is, by fixing the portions 12A and 12B, the steel pipe pile 10 can be held between the rollers 11a and 11b.

In the lower part of the cylindrical member 12 in the pile driving direction,
The box member 22 is attached to the tubular member 12 at a predetermined distance from the tubular member 12 by the L-shaped members 23, 23, 23, 23. The roller 11c is provided inside the box member 22.
And a roller 11d are provided to face left and right. Similarly to the rollers 11a and 11b, the rollers 11c and 11d are pinned to the box member 22 in the front-rear direction, and can rotate around the pins. The rollers 11c and 11d have a drum-shaped pillar shape like the rollers 11a and 11b. The roller 11c and the roller 11d are arranged such that the steel pipe pile 10 is sandwiched in the left-right direction by the side surface of the roller 11c and the side surface of the roller 11d. Then, the box member 22 includes the roller 11c and the roller 11
d has holes on the upper and lower sides of the facing part,
0, and the steel pipe pile 10 is connected to the roller 11c and the roller 11d.
Is sandwiched between. Since the rollers 11c and 11d are rotatable, the steel pipe pile 10 can roll along the pile driving direction. That is, since the steel pipe pile 10 is sandwiched between the rollers 11c and 11d, the steel pipe pile 10 cannot move except in the pile driving direction (almost vertical direction). As described above, the lower portion of the steel pipe pile 10 is supported by being sandwiched between the rollers 11c and 11d.

When the steel pipe pile 10 is held between the rollers 11a and 11b, the cylindrical member 12 is held so that the steel pipe pile 10 can be held simultaneously by the rollers c and d.
, The hole of the box member 22, the portion where the pile is sandwiched between the rollers 11a and 11b, and the portion where the pile is sandwiched between the rollers 11c and 11d are arranged substantially in a straight line.

Similarly, the box member 22 is divided into a portion 22A to which the roller 11c is attached and a portion 22B to which the roller 11d is attached.
7 butterflies. Therefore, by moving the portion 22B, the holding of the steel pipe pile 10 by the rollers 11c and 11d can be released. The clamping of the steel pipe pile 10 is also performed by the fastening jig 20. Further, the box member 22 is provided with the L-shaped members 23, 23,
3 and 23, the roller 11c and the roller 11d pinch and release the pinch and the roller 11c.
a and the release by the roller 11b are simultaneously performed.

Next, the steel pipe pile 10 will be described. In order to suppress corrosion, at least a portion of the surface of the steel pipe pile 10 which is exposed to the water and above the water is coated with a well-known heavy corrosion protection coating. 3 (A) and 3 (B) are perspective views showing the upper part of the steel pipe pile 10 in an enlarged manner. The chucking plate 24 is sandwiched between the chucks 9a and 9b of the vibro hammer 9 when driving the pile. The chucking plate 24 is welded inside the steel pipe pile 10. The width of the chucking plate 24 is narrower below the upper end of the steel pipe pile 10 and above the welded portion 24a. That is, the chucking plate 24 is located above the welded portion 24 a and near the upper end of the steel pipe pile 10.
And the steel pipe pile 10 are separated. Further, the lower end of the steel pipe pile 10 is reinforced by increasing the wall thickness or the like so that the tip of the steel pipe pile 10 is not damaged at the time of driving into the ground.

Next, a vibratory hammer 9 used for driving a pile and a method of mounting the steel pipe pile 10 on the vibratory hammer 9 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, a vibratory hammer 9 includes an exciter (not shown), an eccentric shaft (not shown), and a chuck 9.
a and 9b. Vibration of the vibratory hammer 9 is generated by centrifugal force due to rotation of two eccentric shafts arranged in the exciter. Since the eccentric shafts rotate in opposite directions to each other, the forces in the left and right directions are canceled out, and only the forces in the up and down directions are combined without vibrating in the horizontal direction, thereby causing up and down vibration. The chucking plates 24 are sandwiched between the chucks 9a and 9b from left and right, and this vertical vibration is applied to the steel pipe pile 10. On this occasion,
The lower surfaces of the chuck 9a and the chuck 9b may not be aligned. In that case, an iron plate 9c is provided on the lower surface of the chuck 9b.
And the heights of the lower surfaces of the chucks 9a and 9b are made uniform. The chucking plate 24 is sandwiched between the chucks 9a and 9b such that the lower surface having the same height and the upper end of the steel pipe pile 10 are in contact with each other.

Next, a description will be given of the hanging fitting 25 used when the steel pipe pile 10 is supported by the slide type guide 4. As shown in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B), the hanging fitting 25 is
5a, bolt 25b, nut 25c, locking member 25d,
It comprises a ring 25e and a wire 25f. The cylindrical member 25a has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the steel pipe pile 10, and the steel pipe pile 10 can be inserted into the cylindrical member 25a. A bolt 25 is provided on the side surface of the cylindrical member 25a.
There is a hole for inserting b, and the nut 25c is fixed so that the hole and the screw hole of the nut 25c are aligned. A bolt 25b is screwed to the nut 25c. Therefore, when the bolt 25b is screwed, the tip of the bolt 25b projects into the inside of the tubular member 25a. And such a bolt 25b
A plurality (for example, eight) of nuts 25c are provided on four sides of the side surface of the cylindrical member 25a. That is, the cylindrical member 25
a when the steel pipe pile 10 is inserted into the
It is possible to pinch with.

Further, locking members 25d, 25d having holes on the side surface of the cylindrical member 25a are provided. Further, a line connecting the locking member 25d and the other locking member 25d is provided so as to substantially pass through the axis of the cylindrical member 25a. Rings 25e, 25e are locked in holes of the locking member 25d. Each end of the wire 25f is connected to each ring 25e. And bolt 25
The steel pipe pile 10 can be lifted by holding the steel pipe pile 10 by b and locking the wire 25f to the hanging tool 3c of the crane 3.

A method of driving the steel pipe pile 10 into the underwater ground using the pile driving system 1 (including the vibratory hammer 9, the hanging bracket 25, etc.) as described above will be described. In the pile driving method, as a first step, the spat-type barge 2 is fixed on the water at the pile driving point. As a second step, the slide type guide 4 is fixed at the pile driving position. As a third step, the steel pipe pile 10 is supported by the slide type guide 4 and built. 4th
As a process, the steel pipe pile 10 is driven into the underwater ground by the vibro hammer 9. As a fifth step, the chucking plate 24 above the steel pipe pile 10 is cut.

First, a method for fixing the spat-type barge 4 on the water at the pile driving point will be described. The spat-type barge 2 is moved to a predetermined position by a well-known leading ship (not shown). Anchors are arranged on the underwater ground diagonally left and right diagonally forward of the spat-type barge 2 and fixed to the underwater ground. Then, by adjusting the winding amount of the wires 7, the spat barge 2 is moved to the pile driving point and temporarily fixed. The position of the spat barge 2 is measured by a known GPS (Global Positioning System) or the like.

A through hole 8 penetrating from the top of the boat to the bottom of the boat is provided in the rear left portion and the rear right portion of the spat barge 2.
8, the penetrating members 6, 6 are inserted.
And the spat barge 2 is fixed at the pile driving position.

Next, a method of fixing the slide type guide 4 at the pile driving position will be described. First, the slide type guide 4 is moved along the guide member 5, and the pile driving position in the front-back direction is determined. The bolts 18b,..., Bolts 18c,.
By tightening, the pile driving angle is adjusted, and the mounting jig 18 (sliding guide 4) is fixed to the guide member 5. Then, the handle 15 is rotated to move the tubular member 12 right and left. That is, the slide type guide 4 is moved in the left-right direction to determine the pile driving position in the left-right direction. In addition, the measurement of the pile driving position in the front-back direction
This is performed by providing a scale on the guide member 5 or the like. The measurement of the pile driving position in the left-right direction is performed based on the number of rotations of the handle 15 or by setting a scale on the cylindrical member 12 or the cylindrical member 13.

Next, a method of supporting the steel pipe pile 10 on the slide type guide 4 and installing the same will be described. First, hanging bracket 2
5, the steel pipe pile 10 is inserted, and the bolt 25b is tightened.
That is, the steel pipe pile 10 is held by the hanging metal fittings 25.
Then, the steel pipe pile 10 is lifted by locking the wire 25f of the hanging metal fitting 25 to the hanging tool 3c of the crane 3. And
The steel pipe pile 10 is moved by the crane 3 to the slide type guide 4.
And the steel pipe pile 10 is inserted between the rollers 11a and 11b and between the rollers 11c and 11d. Thus, the steel pipe pile 10 is erected at the pile driving position while the steel pipe pile 10 is supported by the slide type guide 4.

Next, a method of driving the steel pipe pile 10 into the underwater ground by the vibro hammer 9 will be described. First,
The vibratory hammer 9 is suspended from the wire 25f locked on the suspension 3c. Then, the vibratory hammer 9 is guided to the upper part of the steel pipe pile 10 by the crane 3, and the chucks 9a, 9
The chucking plate 24 is sandwiched by b. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the chucks 9 a and 9 b are sandwiched so that both lower portions contact the upper end of the steel pipe pile 10. Further, when the pile is later driven into the underwater ground, the hanging fitting 25 may rub the surface of the steel pipe pile 10 to peel off the heavy corrosion protection coating, so the bolt 25b is loosened and the hanging fitting 25 is attached to the steel pipe pile 10. Release the pinch.

Then, the vibro-hammer 9 is started, vertical vibration is applied to the steel pipe pile 10, and the steel pipe pile 10 is driven into the underwater ground by its own weight. When the steel pipe pile 10 is driven to a predetermined depth, the clamping of the chucks 9a and 9b is released, the vibro hammer 9 is removed, and the hanging bracket 25 is removed.

Next, a method of cutting the chucking plate 24 on the upper part of the steel pipe pile 10 will be described. The upper chucking plate 24 of the steel pipe pile 10 is cut by melting. At this time, the chucking plate 24 is cut below the upper end of the steel pipe pile 10 and above the welded portion 24a. That is, by cutting the chucking plate 24 above the welded portion 24 a and near the upper end of the steel pipe pile 10, the chucking plate 24 does not project above the upper end of the steel pipe pile 10. When the chucking plate 24 is melted, it goes without saying that a melting device (not shown) for melting the chucking plate 24 does not contact the steel pipe pile 10. Then, after cutting the chucking plate, a cap (not shown) is put on the upper end of the steel pipe pile 10. The steel pipe pile 10 is used, for example, as a mooring pile for a small boat, but is not limited to this.

Next, the bolt 20c is loosened, and the turning screw 20b is turned to release the engagement with the stopper 20a. That is, 12A portion and 12A portion by the fastening jig 20 are used.
The fixing of the portion B (and the portions 22A and 22B) is released, and the rollers 11b and 11d are opened. Thus, steel pipe pile 1
0 can be released and the sliding guide 4
Can move left and right.

Next, the handle 15 is rotated to move the slide guide 4 toward the spat barge 2 (to the left). The bolts 18b,..., Bolts 18c,.
.. to allow the slide type guide 4 to move in the front-rear direction. Then, the slide type guide 4 is moved to a new pile driving position, and a new steel pipe pile is similarly driven into the underwater ground. The steel pipe pile is driven into the underwater ground by repeating the above.

After the pile driving at the spot-type barge 2 is completed, the penetrating members 6, 6 are pulled out from the underwater ground, and the winding amount of the wire 7 is adjusted by a winding device, and the spat-type barge is adjusted. Move 2 And spat type barge 2
Is determined, the penetrating members 6, 6 are driven into the underwater ground. Then, the steel pipe pile is similarly driven into the underwater ground.

According to the above embodiment, the roller 11a
The steel pipe pile 10 is movably supported along the pile driving direction by the roller 11b and the roller 11c.
d also supports the steel pipe pile 10. Therefore, the steel pipe pile 10 is supported at at least two points along the pile driving direction. Therefore, the steel pipe pile 10 can be driven into the underwater ground without moving the steel pipe pile 10 in a direction other than the pile driving direction at the time of pile driving. Further, the steel pipe pile 10 can be driven into the underwater ground without the vibration of the vibratory hammer 9 shaking the steel pipe pile 10.

Further, the rollable roller 11a and the roller 1
1b (and the roller 11c and the roller 11d) sandwich the steel pipe pile 10, so that even if the pile support means movably supports the pile along the pile driving direction, the surface of the steel pipe pile 10 will not be rubbed. . Therefore, the steel pipe pile 10 can be driven into the underwater ground without damaging the steel pipe pile 10.

Further, the slide type guide 4 can be freely moved along the guide member 5 by the mounting jig 18. And the said pile support means is movable in the direction (left-right direction) orthogonal to the extending direction with respect to the guide member 5. That is, since the slide type guide 4 is movable back and forth, right and left, the steel pipe pile 10 can be driven into any position within the movement range of the slide type guide 4. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the steel pipe pile 10 can be driven in a zigzag without being arranged and driven in a straight line.

Also, by adjusting the degree of tightening of the bolts 18b, 18b, ... and the bolts 18c, 18c, ..., the mounting angle of the slide type guide 4 can be adjusted. That is, the driving angle of the steel pipe pile 10 can be adjusted by the mounting jig 18 for attaching the slide type guide 4 to the guide member 5. Therefore, the steel pipe pile 10 can be driven accurately at an angle in the pile axis direction,
Further, the steel pipe pile 10 can be driven while adjusting the driving angle of the steel pipe pile 10.

Since the guide member 5 for guiding the slide type guide 4 in the front-rear direction is attached to the spat-type barge 2, for example, a support base (for example, the support base 130) for supporting the guide member 5 is provided. Need not be driven into the underwater ground. Further, just by moving the spat-type barge 2, the steel pipe pile 10 can be driven into any position within the movable range of the spat-type barge 2.

The tubular member 12 and the box member 22 are separated and can be moved by the hinge 17. Then, the cylindrical member 12 and the box member 22 are
Can be fixed. That is, by releasing the pinching of the steel pipe pile 10 by the rollers 11a and 11b and the rollers 11c and 11d, the steel pipe pile 10 can be removed from the slide type guide 4 after the pile is driven into the ground. Therefore, the slide type guide 4 is movable in the left and right directions by the screw transmission mechanism,
Since the guide member 5 and the mounting jig 18 are movable in the front-rear direction, the movement of the slide type guide 4 is not hindered by the immovable steel pipe pile 10 driven into the underwater ground.

The chucking plate 24 and the inside of the steel pipe pile 10 are separated from each other above the portion where the chucking plate 24 is welded to the steel pipe pile 10 (welded portion 24 a) and near the upper end of the steel pipe pile 10. It is in a state of being left. Therefore, the chucking plate 24 is connected to the steel pipe pile 1.
0 when cut by melting near the top of 0
Thermal damage to the zero surface is reduced. For example, the heavy duty anticorrosion coating applied to the head of the steel pipe pile 10 does not melt during cutting.

The steel pipe pile 10 is brought into contact with the lower surfaces of the chucks 9a and 9b (when the lower surfaces of the chucks 9a and 9b are not aligned, the lower surfaces are aligned by the iron plate 9c). (Vibration) is directly applied to the steel pipe pile 10. Therefore, the chucking plate 24 is not broken, and the load can be evenly applied to the steel pipe pile 10.

When supporting the steel pipe pile 10 on the slide type guide 4, the bolts 25b and nuts 25c
Since the steel pipe pile 10 is sandwiched between the steel pipe piles 10, the hanging bracket 25 is detachable from the steel pipe pile 10. For example, the hanging piece 122
Need not be attached to the steel pipe pile 10 by welding, so that the surface of the steel pipe pile 10 is not thermally damaged.

In the above embodiment, the slide type guide 4 is used in the vibro-hammer method, but can be used as a member for supporting the pile in other methods. Further, in the above example, the steel pipe pile is a small-diameter cylindrical one. Steel pipe pile, a tubular shape other than a cylinder (for example, a rectangular tubular shape), a plate shape, or a columnar shape such as a columnar shape or a prismatic shape. good. When the shape of the pile is not cylindrical, the shape of the above-described roller may be changed. For example, a flange-like member may be provided at both ends of a cylindrical roller to form a peg.

[0074]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the pile is supported by the pile supporting means so as to be movable in the pile driving direction, and the pile is supported by the pile supporting means in the pile driving direction. Therefore, the pile can be driven into the ground without moving in a direction other than the pile driving direction even if the center of gravity of the pile is at a high position when driving the pile. In addition, the pile can be driven into the ground without shaking. Therefore, the staking position is accurate, and the staking operation is facilitated.

Even when the pile is supported by the pile supporting means so as to be movable along the pile driving direction, the pile supporting means sandwiches the pile by the two pairs of rolling rollers. Pile surface and pile support means (roller)
Are not rubbed, and the pile can be driven into the ground without damaging the pile. Therefore, for example, the heavy duty anticorrosion coating of the pile is not damaged, and the quality of the pile can be maintained. This reduces the frequency of maintenance after pile driving.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the mounting means enables the pile supporting means to move freely in the direction in which the guide member extends (front-back direction). Further, the pile support means is movable in a direction (left-right direction) perpendicular to the extending direction of the guide member. That is, since the pile supporting means is movable back and forth and right and left, the pile can be driven into any position within the moving range of the pile supporting means.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the pile can be driven accurately at an axial angle of the pile. Also,
The above-mentioned pile can be driven while adjusting the driving angle of the pile. Therefore, for example, it is not necessary to drive the pile while forcibly correcting the verticality, and the working time can be reduced.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the guide member is mounted on the work boat, it is not necessary to drive a support for supporting the guide member into the underwater ground, for example. Therefore, the working time is reduced. Also, by simply moving the work boat, the pile can be driven into any position within the movable range of the work boat.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, by releasing the holding of the pile by the pile supporting means, the pile can be removed from the pile supporting means after the pile is driven into the ground. Therefore, when the pile supporting means is movable, the immovable pile driven into the ground does not hinder the movement of the pile supporting means, and the pile driving work is facilitated.

According to the invention, the chucking plate and the steel pipe are separated from each other above the portion where the chucking plate is welded to the steel pipe and near the upper end of the steel pipe. Therefore, when the chucking plate is cut by melting near the upper end of the steel pipe, thermal damage to the surface of the pile is reduced. For example, heavy duty anti-corrosion paint applied above piles does not melt during cutting. Therefore, the quality of the pile can be maintained, and the frequency of maintenance of the pile after driving the pile is reduced.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the steel pipe abuts on the left and right lower surfaces of the chuck portion,
Since the load (vibration) of the vibro hammer is directly applied to the steel pipe pile, the chucking plate does not bend,
A load can be evenly applied to the steel pipe. Therefore, the pile driving position is accurate, and the pile driving operation is facilitated.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, since the hanging jig can be detached by being sandwiched, it is not necessary to attach the hanging jig to the pile by welding, and the surface of the pile is not thermally damaged. Therefore, the quality of the pile can be maintained, and the frequency of maintenance of the pile after driving the pile is reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a drawing showing a spat barge used in a pile driving method as an example to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a slide type guide used in the pile driving method.

FIG. 3 is a drawing showing a steel pipe pile used in the pile driving method.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a vibro hammer used in the pile driving method.

FIG. 5 is a drawing showing a hanging bracket used in the pile driving method.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a pile driving position by the pile driving method.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a pile driving method using a conventional vibro-hammer method.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a steel pipe pile used in a conventional pile driving method using a vibro hammer method.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 1 pile driving system 2 spat type barge (work boat) 3 crane 4 slide type guide (pile support means) 5 guide member 7 wire 9 vibro hammer 9a, 9b chuck 9c iron plate 10 steel pipe pile (pile) 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d Roller (pile support means) 17 Hinge 18 Mounting jig (mounting means) 18b, 18c Bolt (angle adjusting means) 20 Tightening jig 21 Level 24 Chucking plate 25 Hanging jig (hanging jig)

Claims (8)

[Claims] When a pile is driven into the ground, the pile driving means supports the pile in a state along the pile driving direction and movably along the pile driving direction by a pile supporting means provided on the ground. A method in which a pair of rollers provided opposite to each other and rollable while sandwiching the pile so as to regulate the movement of the pile in directions other than the axial direction, are arranged along the pile driving direction. A pile driving method, wherein the pile is driven into at least two pairs of the pile supporting means by sandwiching the pile between at least two pairs of the rollers, and then driving the pile into the ground. 2. The pile driving method according to claim 1, wherein a guide member extending forward and backward is provided on the ground, and mounting means for mounting the pile support means to the guide member is provided by the guide member. The stake supporting means is movably attached to the guide member along the extending direction, and the stake support means is movably left and right along a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the guide member, and is attached to the guide member. A pile driving method, wherein the pile supporting means is moved to a pile driving position in a set state. 3. The pile driving method according to claim 2, wherein the mounting angle of the pile supporting means is adjusted by the mounting means, so that the angle of the pile supported by the pile supporting means in the axial direction is adjusted. A pile driving method characterized by comprising adjusting means. 4. The pile driving method according to claim 2, wherein the pile is driven into an underwater ground, and the guide member is mounted on a work boat. 5. The pile driving method according to claim 1, wherein the pile supporting means for holding the pile movably in the axial direction is a pair of opposing rollers. At least one roller is provided on the pile supporting means so as to be movable from a state where the pile is held to a state where the holding of the pile is released, and after driving the pile supported by the pile supporting means into the ground, at least one roller is provided. A pile driving method wherein the pile supporting means is removed from the pile by moving the pile supporting means so as to release the pinching of the pile by the rollers. 6. The pile driving method according to claim 1, wherein the steel pipe as the pile is driven by a vibro hammer, and the steel pipe is chucked by a chuck portion of a vibro hammer. When welding the plate and the chucking plate, the chucking plate is welded inside the steel pipe below the upper end, and above the welded portion of the chucking plate, and
In the vicinity of the upper end of the steel pipe, the chucking plate and the steel pipe are separated from each other, and after driving the pile with a vibro hammer sandwiching the chucking plate, the chucking plate is moved near the upper end of the steel pipe. A pile driving method characterized by cutting. 7. The pile driving method according to claim 6, wherein the steel pipe as the pile is driven by a vibratory hammer having left and right lower surfaces of a chuck portion sandwiching the chucking plate from right and left at substantially the same height. A pile driving method, wherein a chucking plate is sandwiched by the chuck portions such that left and right lower surfaces of a chuck portion abut against an upper surface of the steel pipe, respectively. 8. The pile driving method according to claim 1, wherein when the pile is supported by the pile supporting means, a wire for lifting the pile is connected, and the pile is supported from the periphery. Attach a hanging jig that can be detachably held by sandwiching it to the pile,
A pile driving method comprising: lifting the pile using the wire and supporting the pile by a pile supporting means, releasing the holding of the pile by the hanging jig, and removing the hanging jig from the pile. .