JP2001019498A - Sealed double-glazed unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance heat insulating performance and to avoid the increase of weight and cost due to multiplying by charging a gas having a lower heat conductivity and a larger molecular weight than air into a hermetically sealed air layer in such a way that convection is hardly caused even if the hermetically sealed air layer is made thicker. SOLUTION: A spacer 3 having a groove-shaped opening 3A for communication filled with a hygroscopic material 5 such as silica gel and a sealing material 6 such as a butyl resin are disposed between the peripheral edge parts of two single glass plates 2 to form a hermetically sealed air layer 4. In this sealed double-glazed unit 7, a gas such as Kr or Xe is charged into the hermetically sealed air layer 4. Preferably the heat conductivity of the gas is 1/2.77-1/4.6 of that of air, the molecular weight of the gas is 2.8-4.5 times that of air, the specific heat of the gas is 1/4-1/6 of that of air and the molecular weight of the gas is 2-3 times that of steam. Convection is hardly caused in the hermetically sealed air layer 4, heat transfer is suppressed, the gas is less liable to escape into the air and the heat insulating performance of the sealed double-glazed unit 7 is considerably enhanced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat insulating window glass, and more particularly to a heat insulating performance of a double glazing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Most of windows constituting openings in a building are occupied by glass. Improving the heat insulation performance improves the performance of the entire window, and at the same time reduces the performance of the whole building. Will also be improved. In the double glazing, a closed air layer having a width within a range in which convection does not occur is formed between the sheet glass and the heat insulating performance is enhanced by utilizing the heat insulating property of air having a thermal resistance several tens of times that of the sheet glass. When the air sealed between the glass sheets starts to convect due to the temperature difference on the glass sheet surface, the heat insulation performance is deteriorated. Therefore, the thickness of the sealed air layer is generally about 6 to 12 mm. Naturally, in this range, a 12 mm sealed air layer having a thicker sealed air layer has better heat insulation performance.
Furthermore, when increasing the heat insulation performance of the double-glazed glass, the thickness of the sealed air layer is a thickness that does not cause convection, and the limit is about 12 mm, so argon gas that has a higher thermal resistance than the air in the sealed air layer is sealed. Double-glazed glass is used.

[0003]

The above-mentioned prior art has the following problems. Insulation and airtightness in buildings are indispensable conditions for saving energy in energy used for heating and cooling. When increasing the heat insulation performance on the wall of a building, the heat insulation performance can be easily increased by increasing the thickness of the high-density heat insulating material or the heat insulating material.However, in the openings such as windows, lighting, ventilation, It is necessary to have two opposing functions: openness such as view, intake of solar radiation, entry and exit of people, and barrier property such as insulation, soundproofing, shielding of wind, shielding of solar radiation, and blocking of intrusion of people. Therefore, in order to improve the heat insulating performance of the window, a method of increasing the performance to some extent by multiplexing the glass, making the airtight around the sash, and employing a resin sash has been adopted. Further, in cold regions, in order to prevent dew condensation and downdraft on window glass, double-glazed glass having improved heat insulation performance using the thermal resistance of air is used. In recent years, from the viewpoint of preventing global warming, the performance of houses has been further increased in heat insulation and airtightness. In order to improve the heat insulation performance of windows, a thickness of 12 mm in which air and argon gas in a closed air layer do not convect. Is the limit, this 12m
A three-layer glass having two closed air layers of m or a method of increasing the heat insulation performance by forming a multilayer structure is employed. Therefore, there remain problems such as an increase in the number of sheets used, an increase in the weight, an increase in the complexity of the structure, an increase in the labor of the manufacturing process, and an increase in the cost.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a device which can solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is as follows. That is,
According to the first invention, even when the thickness of the sealed air layer is increased by using a gas having a smaller thermal conductivity and a higher molecular weight than air in the gas sealed in the sealed air layer in the multilayer glass body. This is a double glazing that is configured to be less likely to cause convection. The first invention can be configured as follows. Gas has a thermal conductivity of 2. compared to air.
It is as small as 1/77 to 1 / 4.6 and has a molecular weight of 2.8.
It is as large as double to 4.5 times.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a convection is generated due to a temperature difference by using a gas having a small thermal conductivity and a small specific heat as compared with air in a gas sealed in a closed air layer in a double-layer glass body. Is also a double glazing that is configured to reduce heat transfer. The second invention can be configured as follows. Gas has a thermal conductivity smaller than that of air by a factor of 2.77 to 4.6: 1 and has a specific heat of 4
It is as small as 1/6 to 1/6.

In a third aspect of the present invention, a gas having a higher molecular weight than water vapor is used as a gas to be sealed in a closed air layer of a multi-layer glass body, so that the gas is hardly released into the atmosphere. Multi-layer glass.
The third invention can be configured as follows. The gas has a molecular weight that is two to three times as large as that of water vapor. Further, the gas in the first invention, the second invention, and the third invention can be an inert gas such as krypton gas or xenon gas.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a double-glazed glass according to the first aspect of the invention, which is a spacer 3 disposed between two front and back single-pane glasses 2 and 2 at an edge portion of the two single-pane glasses.
A sealed air layer 4 formed by and surrounded by the spacer 3 and in communication with the spacer; a material 5 having a hygroscopic property such as silica gel filled in the spacer 3; In the multi-layer glass body 7 made of the butyl-based sealing material 6 for bonding the spacer and the glass attached to the outer periphery of the spacer 3, the gas filled in the closed air layer 4 has a smaller thermal conductivity than air. By using a gas having a large molecular weight, convection hardly occurs even when the thickness of the closed air layer is increased. In the figure, 3A is a communication groove-shaped opening formed on the inner peripheral surface of the spacer. The first invention can be configured as follows. The gas has a thermal conductivity smaller than air by a factor of 2.77 to 4.6 and a molecular weight higher by a factor of 2.8 to 4.5 compared to air.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a double glazing according to the second invention, which is a spacer 3 disposed between the front and back single glazings 2 and 2 at the edges of the two single glazings and a spacer 3. A sealed air layer 4 formed in a state of being communicated with the spacer and surrounded by a space, a hygroscopic material 5 such as silica gel filled in the spacer 3, and an outer periphery of the spacer 3. In the multi-layer glass body 7 made of a butyl-based sealing material 6 for adhering the attached spacer and the glass, the sealed air layer 4
By using a gas having a lower thermal conductivity and a lower specific heat than air as the gas to be filled in the, heat transfer is reduced even if convection occurs due to a temperature difference. The second invention can be configured as follows. The gas has a thermal conductivity from 2.77 to 4.6 compared to air.
The specific heat is as small as 1/4, and the specific heat is as small as 1/4 to 1/6.

Reference numeral 111 denotes a double glazing according to the third aspect of the present invention,
A spacer 3 is provided between the two single-pane glasses 2 and 2 at an edge portion of the two single-pane glasses, and is formed so as to be surrounded by the spacer 3 and communicate with the spacer. A sealed air layer 4, a hygroscopic material 5 such as silica gel filled in the spacer 3, and a butyl-based sealing material 6 for bonding the spacer and glass attached to the outer periphery of the spacer 3 to the glass. By using a gas having a higher molecular weight than the molecular weight of water vapor as the gas to be sealed in the closed air layer 4 in the multilayer glass body 7, the gas is hardly released to the atmosphere. The third invention can be configured as follows. The gas has a molecular weight that is two to three times as large as that of water vapor.

As the gas in the first, second and third inventions, an inert gas such as krypton gas or xenon gas can be used.

[0012]

EXAMPLES Further, as a result of an experiment under the following conditions,
Very good results were obtained. 1. In addition to replacing the gas in the sealed air layer of the multi-layer glass body with a gas with a large thermal resistance, the use of an inert gas with a large gas molecular weight and a small specific heat allows the sealed air layer between the sheet glass and the sheet glass to be formed. It is a double glazing characterized in that it is made thicker to greatly improve the heat insulation performance, and that a gas is used that makes it difficult for the inert gas in the closed air layer to easily escape from the closed space due to the gas partial pressure difference. By replacing the currently used air or argon gas with an inert gas such as krypton gas or xenon gas, the thermal conductivity of air is 0.0241 W / m.
K, the thermal conductivity of argon gas is 0.0168 W / m · K, whereas the thermal conductivity of krypton gas is 0.0087 W / m · K.
Since the thermal conductivity of K and xenon gas is 0.0052 W / m · K, the thermal conductivity when using krypton gas is 2.77 times lower than that of air, and the thermal conductivity is 1.77 with argon gas.
It becomes 1/9. The thermal conductivity in the case of using xenon gas is 4.6 times lower than that of air and 3.2 times lower than that of argon gas. In other words, the heat insulation performance is improved about 3 to 4 times only by replacing the gas to be sealed in the closed space in the closed air layer from air to krypton gas or xenon gas.

2. Furthermore, assuming that the molecular weights of air and argon gas are 28.97 and 39.95, respectively, and the thickness of the closed air layer in the double-glazed glass is 12 mm as the limit of the decrease in heat insulation performance due to convection, the molecular weight of krypton gas is 83.97.
8. Xenon gas is as large as 131.3, and the viscosity of the gas is not proportional to the molecular weight, but the higher the molecular weight of the gas, the higher the viscosity and the less convective. Even if the thickness of the sealed air layer is doubled to about 24 mm, convection is less likely to occur than air and argon gas, and the temperature difference between the single-sided glass sheets on both sides (temperature difference between indoor and outdoor) causes sealing. Even if a slight convection occurs in the generated gas, the specific heat of krypton gas and xenon gas is very small compared to the specific heat of air and argon gas (specific heat of air 0.24, specific heat of argon gas 0.125). (The specific heat of krypton gas is 0.
06, specific heat of xenon gas 0.04), and heat transfer by convection is extremely small. When xenon gas with large gas molecular weight and small specific heat is used as a gas to be sealed in a closed air layer of a double glazing, the thermal conductivity can be increased by about 1/3 to 1/4 and the thickness by 2 times. The heat loss from the window glass can be reduced to 1/6 to 1/8.

3. According to the Ministry of Construction's “Main Notification Based on the Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy”, the heat transmission coefficient, which is the standard for heat insulation performance of houses, is 0.36 kcal / m ³ · h · ° C. in the I area (Hokkaido). Hereinafter, the opening is 2.0 kcal / m ³ · h · ° C. or less. The wall has a glass wool density of 24 kg / m ³ (thermal conductivity 0.0
By using 100 mm at 34 kcal / m ³ · h · ° C.), a heat transmission coefficient of 0.34 is easily achieved. When the window is a multi-layer glass, when the gas in the closed air layer is air, the thickness is 12 mm and achieves 2.0 including the outer sash portion of the window glass. By using the double glazing used, the heat loss of the glass portion occupying most of the area of the window opening can be reduced to 1/6 or less, and the same heat loss as the wall portion can be achieved.

4. Depending on the type of gas sealed in the double glazing, a gas pressure is generated between the gas and the gas contained in the atmosphere. Double-glazed glass is usually attached to the outer periphery of single-pane glass to prevent dew condensation in a closed space and to prevent dew condensation in a closed space, and has a hygroscopic property such as silica gel in a spacer that creates a gap that becomes a sealed air layer. The materials are sealed together, and absorb moisture contained in the air sealed in the closed space. Therefore, a difference is generated between the amount of water vapor contained in the atmosphere and the amount of water vapor in the closed air layer, and a gas pressure is generated from the atmosphere side to the closed air layer as a water vapor partial pressure. Since the movement of water vapor moves as water vapor molecules, spacers using glass or aluminum material do not transmit moisture,
It will take time to move through the butyl sealant that bonds the spacer and the glass. Similarly, in the double-glazed glass filled with krypton gas or xenon gas of the present invention, the gas pressure which causes the water vapor in the air to move to the closed space acts, and a small amount of krypton gas or xenon gas is in the air. Since there is only the gas pressure, the gas pressure to move from the closed space to the atmosphere works at the same time, and the gas escapes. However, since the molecular weights of krypton gas and xenon gas are very large, such as 83.8 and 131.3, compared to the molecular weight of water vapor of 39.93, the time required for water vapor to permeate and the performance to fall is reduced. In comparison, it takes several times longer for krypton gas and xenon gas to escape, and the double-layer glass sealed with krypton gas and xenon gas has the same performance guarantee as the double-layer glass containing air. Can be.

5. In the production of double glazing, simply changing the gas to be sealed and changing the width of the spacer that holds the thickness of the sealed air layer, using the currently used manufacturing technology and manufacturing equipment as they are, Double glazing can be produced. Furthermore, compared to the specific gravity of air and argon gas of 1 and 1.784, the specific gravity of krypton gas is 3.739 and the specific gravity of xenon gas is 5.896, which is a very heavy gas. can do.

[0017]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. 1. The energy used for heating and cooling can be saved by greatly improving the insulation performance of the window glass, which is the opening of the house. 2. By using the double glazing of the present invention, the heat insulating performance is improved without increasing the weight of the window. 3. Highly insulating double glazing can be produced without changing existing production equipment. 4. In addition, it has effects such as being inexpensive to manufacture, easy to assemble because of a small number of parts, and economical.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Double glass of the 1st invention 2 Single glass 3 Spacer 4 Sealed air layer 5 Material with hygroscopic property 6 Sealing material 7 Double glass body 11 Double glass of the 2nd invention 111 Double glass of the 3rd invention

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A gas filled in a closed air layer of a multi-layered glass body having a smaller thermal conductivity and a higher molecular weight than air, so that even if the thickness of the closed air layer is increased. A double glazing characterized in that convection hardly occurs. 2. The gas has a thermal conductivity of 2.77 compared to air.
The double-glazed glass according to claim 1, wherein the double-glazed glass has a molecular weight as small as 1 / 4.6 to 1 / 4.6 and a molecular weight as large as 2.8 to 4.5 times. 3. A gas filled in a closed air layer of a multi-layered glass body having a smaller thermal conductivity and a lower specific heat than air, so that even if convection occurs due to a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. A double-glazed glass characterized in that it is configured to reduce the amount of glazing. 4. The gas has a thermal conductivity of 2.77 compared to air.
The double glazing according to claim 3, wherein the specific heat is as small as 1/4 to 1 / 4.6 and the specific heat is as small as 1/4 to 1/6. 5. A gas filled in a closed air layer of a multi-layer glass body, wherein a gas having a molecular weight larger than that of water vapor is used so that the gas is hardly released into the atmosphere. Double glazing characterized. 6. The double glazing according to claim 5, wherein the gas has a molecular weight that is two to three times as large as that of water vapor. 7. The double glazing according to claim 1, wherein the gas is an inert gas such as krypton gas or xenon gas.