JP2001017561A - Fireproof, smoketight shutter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fireproof, smoketight shutter that can retain a closed state against wind pressure and high temperature due to a fire, allow easy evacuation and prevent spread of the fire or spreading of smoke. SOLUTION: A fireproof, smoketight shutter 1 in which an escape door 3 is provided openably in a fireproof screen 2, the escape door 3 is structured so as to close in a state of being superposed on the fireproof screen 2, by providing the fireproof screen 2 and the escape door 3 with a Velcro to fasten them and providing a short seat plate 14 near the Velcro as a weight, after humans opens the escape door 3 and escape, when the escape door 3 superposed on the fireproof screen 2 by the moment of inertia of the weight, the escape door 3 is fastened strongly by the Velcro and is not opened by wind pressure due to a fire.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fireproof and smokeproof shutter provided with an evacuation door on a fireproof screen made of glass fiber or the like so that a person can easily pass through the fireproof screen and can prevent spread of a fire or diffusion of smoke.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional fireproof and smokeproof shutter, a screen device for a fireproof compartment disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-33705 is known. As shown in FIG. 10, the fire-prevention screen device is installed hanging down from a ceiling or a beam, and has a non-combustible or fire-resistant screen 50 that shields the internal space of the building. There is one slit portion 51 formed to reach the lower end, where the refractory screen 50 is divided into left and right. At the lower end of the refractory screen 50, a main weight bar 52,
53 is mounted horizontally. Left and right independent sub-weight bars 5 are provided at right and left predetermined lengths of the slit portion 51 at the lower end of the refractory screen 50.
4, 55 are mounted horizontally.

[0003] Therefore, according to the screen device for fire prevention compartment, the evacuated person can easily push and spread the slit portion 51 by hand, and after evacuating, the sub weight bar 5 can be used.
Due to the gravity of 4 and 55, the slit portion 51 returns to a predetermined length on the left and right sides of the slit portion 51 at the lower end of the refractory screen 50, and the slit portion 51 closes, thereby preventing the spread of fire and the diffusion of smoke. Things.

[0004]

However, according to an experiment in which the above-described screen device for a fire prevention compartment is reproduced, the sub-weight bar 54,
It is difficult to keep the slit portion 51 in the closed state only by the gravity of 55, and it is difficult to prevent the spread of fire and the diffusion of smoke. Further, the above publications state that the main weight bars 52, 5
There is also a description in which the permanent magnets 3 and the sub-weight bars 54 and 55 are attracted by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet. However, according to experiments, the permanent magnet has a magnetic force that rapidly decreases in a high-temperature situation at the time of a fire, and the slits also remain. It is difficult to keep the part 51 in the closed state, and there is a problem that it is difficult to prevent the spread of fire and the diffusion of smoke. In addition, fire and smoke shutters are required to have the strength to withstand physical impacts caused by the collapse of building materials, such as when a pillar is falling, which is assumed at the time of a fire. However, there is a problem in the structure using the permanent magnet. In other words, in an experiment in which a 3 kg sandbag suspended from the ceiling immediately after being exposed to the high temperature during a fire was struck like a pendulum from the height difference of 50 cm near the center of the slit opening, the configuration using permanent magnets Since almost no magnetic force is lost, the slit portion 51 is easily opened.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in the holding force of a closed state due to an increase in wind pressure or temperature caused by a fire, thereby enabling a person to evacuate easily. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fire and smoke prevention shutter that can reliably prevent the spread of fire and the spread of smoke after evacuation.

[0006]

Under such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and as a result, have made a structure in which an evacuation door is superimposed on a fire screen and closed by gravity, and these are fixed to the fire screen and the evacuation door. When a stainless steel hook-and-loop fastener is provided, when overlapping by gravity,
The fireproof screen and the evacuation door were fixed with a hook-and-loop fastener, and when the fire advanced and the temperature became high, the fixing force of the stainless steel hook-and-loop fastener increased, and it was found that it became easy to withstand the increasing wind pressure. It was completed.

[0007] That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fireproof smokeproof shutter in which an evacuation door is provided on a fireproof screen so as to be openable and closable, and the evacuation door is overlapped on the fireproof screen. A fireproof and smokeproof shutter is provided wherein a door is provided with a hook-and-loop fastener for fixing them. By adopting such a configuration, after a person opens the evacuation door and passes and evacuates,
When the evacuation door overlaps the fireproof screen, it is fixed by the hook-and-loop fastener and does not open due to wind pressure caused by the fire.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a weight is provided in the vicinity of a hook-and-loop fastener provided on the evacuation door, and when the evacuation door is closed, a pressing force by the weight is interposed to make the hook-and-loop fastener on the evacuation door side. There is provided a fireproof and smokeproof shutter in which a hook-and-loop fastener on a fireproof screen side is pressed and fixed. With this configuration, when the evacuation door overlaps the fireproof screen due to gravity, the weight of the evacuation door is added to the weight of the evacuation door in addition to its own weight, and the evacuation door and the fireproof screen are securely fixed by the hook-and-loop fastener.

Further, the invention according to claim 3 provides a fireproof and smokeproof shutter in which the surface fastener is a stainless steel surface fastener. By adopting such a configuration, since the hook-and-loop fastener is made of stainless steel, the sticking force increases when the temperature rises due to the progress of the fire, and it is possible to cope with the increase of the wind pressure accompanying the progress of the fire.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fire and smoke prevention shutter, wherein the surface fastener is a combination of a stainless steel surface fastener and a resin surface fastener. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to incorporate both advantages of a low-cost, resin-made surface fastener excellent in durability by repeated use and a stainless steel surface fastener excellent in heat resistance.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fire-and-smoke and smoke-proof shutter in which the hook-and-loop fastener and the weight on the side of the evacuation door are mounted at a maximum speed when the evacuation door opens and closes and in the vicinity thereof. Is done. With this configuration, when the evacuation door overlaps with the fireproof screen due to gravity, the maximum weight of the weight of the evacuation door and the weight of the weight is applied to the hook-and-loop fastener, and the evacuation door and the fireproof screen are most strongly adhered.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a fireproof and smokeproof shutter according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a fire and smoke shutter according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an installed state of the fire and smoke shutter according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is sectional drawing of the lower part of the evacuation door which comprises the fire and smoke prevention shutter which is embodiment. In the figure, a fireproof smokeproof shutter 1 is installed under a ceiling or a beam, and hangs down from the ceiling or under a beam by its own weight to shield the internal space of the building, and is wound up and down by a winding device (not shown). .
The fireproof and smokeproof shutter 1 has a fireproof screen 2 and an evacuation door 3
The evacuation door 3 is overlapped with the fireproof screen 2 and closed.
The evacuation door 3 is provided with a hook-and-loop fastener 4 for fixing them.

The refractory screen 2 is made of a non-combustible and refractory material such as woven glass fiber cloth or silica cloth.
Divided into a fixed screen 10 and a movable screen 11,
Their ends overlap. Under the fixed screen 10, a long seat plate 12 and a short seat plate 1 which are weights are provided.
3 is attached by bolts 18a with the lower portion of the fixed screen 10 sandwiched therebetween. For example, 8 on the side of the surface fastener 4 below the movable screen 11 having a width of several meters.
A short seat plate 1 that is a weight at a predetermined length of 0 to 100 cm
4 is attached to the movable screen 11 by bolts 18 b, and the long seat plate 12 and the short seat plate 15, which are weights except for the short seat plate 14, sandwich the lower portion of the movable screen 11. 18c. Therefore, the short seat plate 1 below the movable screen 11
The side 4 is not mounted on the long seat plate 12 and is in a movable state, so that the fireproof screen 2 is formed with the single-sided evacuation door 3. In addition, the long seat plate 12 which is a weight
The short seat plates 13, 14, and 15 need to have a sufficient weight to allow the refractory screen 2 to hang down from a ceiling or a beam under the installation location in the event of a fire. Also, instead of the long seat plate 12 and the short seat plates 13, 14, 15,
The lower portions of the fixed screen 10 and the movable screen 11 may be made into a bag shape to store iron powder, sand, or the like, or a chain or a partial weight may be attached. In addition, various things, such as the thing of FIG. 6 mentioned later and a circular plate, can be used. Further, in addition to screwing, various weights may be attached in the form of a bag as described above, or a heat-resistant adhesive may be used.

The evacuation door 3 forms a part of the movable screen 11 and has a fold 16 so that it can be easily opened and closed. A hook-and-loop fastener 4 is mounted between the evacuation door 3 and the fixed screen 10 of the fireproof screen 2 so that the evacuation door 3 can be opened and closed. The hook-and-loop fastener 4 includes a male and a female, and in FIG.
Since the side hook-and-loop fastener 4a is male, a female hook-and-loop fastener 4b is provided on the fixed screen 10 side.
7 (the bolts are omitted in FIG. 3). It should be noted that the male and female of the hook-and-loop fastener 4 are not particularly hindered even if they are mounted in reverse. The hook-and-loop fastener 4 is made of stainless steel.
04, SUS316 and the like. It is preferable that the hook-and-loop fastener 4 be made of stainless steel because it is excellent in fire resistance, and when the temperature is increased, the fixing force is improved as opposed to the permanent magnet. As the fire proceeds and the temperature rises, the wind pressure rises. Therefore, the increase in the fixing force of the stainless steel hook-and-loop fastener 4 due to the temperature rise acts in the direction in which the evacuation door 3 becomes difficult to open from the fixed screen 10, and the fire is prevented. Very convenient in terms of smoke prevention. The degree to which the fixing force is improved by the temperature rise of the stainless steel surface fastener 4 is 30 ° C. at 700 ° C.
% At 925 ° C. This is considered to be due to the fact that the stainless steel is exposed to a high temperature and deteriorates to increase its strength. In addition, even if the evacuation door 3 becomes difficult to open due to an increase in the fixing force of the hook-and-loop fastener 4, this does not mean that the hook-and-loop fastener 4 does not come off. In addition, the evacuation door 3 is used in the early stage of a fire, and when the temperature is high such that the stainless steel hook-and-loop fastener 4 is deteriorated and the fixing force is increased, the fire prevention and smoke prevention become a problem. It is preferable that the fixing force increases as the temperature increases. In FIG. 3, the lower portion of the fixed screen 10 is formed in a bag shape in order to eliminate a gap with the floor surface and to prevent smoke from leaking.

The hook-and-loop fastener 4 may use both a stainless steel fastener and a resin fastener. That is, the stainless steel fastener is advantageous because the fixing force is improved by a rise in temperature, but on the contrary, there is a disadvantage that the fixing force decreases due to repeated use, while the resin fastener has a low fixing force due to repeated use and is convenient. ,
Weak to temperature. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, if the upper surface fastener 5 on the fixed screen 10 is used as a stainless steel surface fastener and the lower surface fastener 6 is used as a resin surface fastener, both advantages can be used. The surface fastener 4 may be a stainless steel surface fastener and a resin surface fastener arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, or a stainless steel surface fastener and a magnet may be used in combination. The reason is the same as that of the resin surface fastener. Also, when the vertical width of the hook-and-loop fastener 4b is made larger than the vertical width of the hook-and-loop fastener 4a, the evacuation door 3 may play loosely and may swing in the vertical direction when it is closed. The hook-and-loop fasteners 4a and 4b can be securely fixed, and the evacuation door 3 can be closed.

The hook-and-loop fastener 4 and the short seat plate 14 as a weight, which are described in detail above, are provided on the evacuation door 3 at a position where the maximum speed is reached when the door is opened and closed, and in the vicinity thereof. That is, in the single-door type evacuation door 3 shown in FIG. 1, since the fold 16 is opened and closed with the rotation axis as the pivot, the position A farthest from the fold 16 is a portion having the highest speed, and FIGS. A hook-and-loop fastener 4 and a short seat plate 14 serving as a weight are attached to the position A shown and its vicinity. Therefore, when the evacuation door 3 overlaps with the fireproof screen 2 by gravity about the fold 16 as a rotation center,
The maximum moment of inertia of the short seat plate 14 of its own weight and weight is applied to the hook-and-loop fastener 4, and the evacuation door 3 and the fireproof screen 2 are most strongly fixed. In addition, hook-and-loop fastener 4
Is substantially proportional to the pressing force applied to the hook-and-loop fastener 4.

Next, a method of using the fire and smoke prevention shutter 1 having the above configuration will be described. First, the fireproof and smokeproof shutter 1 is installed under a ceiling or under a beam at a position where the internal space of the building is shielded. When a fire occurs, the fireproof screen 2 automatically or manually releases the locked state of the winding device (not shown), and hangs down from the ceiling or under the beam at the installation location by its own weight to shield the internal space of the building. In this state, the evacuation door 3 is fixed to the fireproof screen 2 and is in a closed state, so that the fire and smoke are shielded. The evacuee peels and opens the hook-and-loop fastener 4 on the screen part of the evacuation door 3 with the body or pushes the screen part of the evacuation door 3 by hand to peel off the hook-and-loop fastener 4 and then opens the evacuation door 3 to pass and evacuate. . The evacuation door 3
Immediately after evacuation, it is in the state shown in Fig. 4.
And strikes the surface fastener 4b on the fixed screen 10 side, and is fixed by the moment of inertia at that time. Thereafter, the evacuation door 3 is closed, and the flame and smoke are shielded. When an evacuee evacuates again, the same operation as described above is performed. When the fire progresses and the temperature rises, the hook-and-loop fastener 4 made of stainless steel increases its fixing force, so that the evacuation door 3 is kept closed even when the wind pressure rises, so that the flame and smoke can be well shielded. Yes, even if there is an evacuee at that time, the evacuation door 3 can be opened and evacuation can be performed. After the fire is extinguished, if the damage to the fire and smoke prevention shutter 1 including the damage to the entire building is small, the fire and smoke prevention shutter 1 can be used again.

FIG. 6 shows a short seat plate 14a according to another embodiment of the evacuation door 3 of the movable screen 11.
The strip-shaped iron piece 20 is sewn in a bag-like material 21 of the same quality as the movable screen 11, and a large number of side faces of the bag-like material 21 containing the iron piece 20 are sewn and connected to each other. By sewn to the evacuation door 3 as shown in FIG. 6, the short seat plate 14a can bend in the direction of arrow B, and evacuees can easily pass through. When the evacuation door 3 returns, the short seat plate 14a curves in the direction of arrow C. The evacuation door 3 is easily fixed to the refractory screen 2 by the action of the stainless steel surface fastener 4.

FIG. 7 shows a fireproof and smokeproof shutter 1a according to another embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this fireproof and smokeproof shutter 1a and the fireproof and smokeproof shutter 1 of FIGS. An opening 22 is provided in the fixed screen 10a, and a flip-up evacuation door 3a that closes the opening 22.
Are provided to be openable and closable, and a short seat plate 14b, which is a weight, is attached to a lower portion of the evacuation door 3a. Further, both ends of the short seat plate 14b attached to a lower portion of the evacuation door 3a and a lower portion of the corresponding fixed screen 10a. Seat plate 1 provided in
The hook-and-loop fastener 4 is provided in the vicinity of the opening portions 3 and 15, and the evacuee turns up the evacuation door 3 a and evacuates through the opening portion 22. Other configurations and operations are shown in FIGS.
The fireproof and smokeproof shutter 1 is substantially the same as that of FIG.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show a fire and smoke shutter 1b according to another embodiment of the present invention. The difference between the fire and smoke shutter 1b and the fire and smoke shutter 1a of FIG.
A door-type evacuation door 3b that closes the opening 22 is provided on the fixed screen 10a so as to be openable and closable, and the evacuation door 3b is formed by a ceiling 23 and side walls 24 and 25.
Is attached to the lower part of the seat, and the hook-and-loop fastener 4 is provided on the seats 13 and 15 provided below the short seats 14c and 14c and the fixed screen 10a along the short seats 14c. As shown in FIG. 8, the evacuation door 3b is opened to evacuate through the opening 22, and then closed by the weight of the evacuation door 3b as shown in FIG. The other configuration and operation are substantially the same as those of the fire and smoke prevention shutter 1a in FIG. It should be noted that the evacuation door may be a double-opening type combining two single-opening types or a double door type, other than those described above.

[0021]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, after a person opens and passes the evacuation door and evacuates, the evacuation door is fixed by the hook-and-loop fastener when overlapping the fireproof screen, and does not open due to wind pressure caused by the fire. . Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the holding power of the closed state due to a wind pressure or a temperature rise caused by a fire, to allow a person to easily pass and evacuate, and to prevent the spread of fire and the diffusion of smoke after the evacuation.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the fire door overlaps the fireproof screen due to gravity, the weight of the weight is added to the fire door in addition to its own weight, and the fire door is fixed to the fire screen by the hook-and-loop fastener. . Therefore, in addition to the above effect, the evacuation door closes naturally due to gravity and the weight of the weight is added to close strongly, so that the above effect is further enhanced.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the hook-and-loop fastener is made of stainless steel, the sticking force increases when the temperature rises due to the progress of the fire, and it is possible to cope with the increase of the wind pressure accompanying the progress of the fire. Therefore, in addition to the above effects, even if the wind pressure increases due to the progress of a fire or the like, the closed state of the evacuation door can be maintained,
It is possible to effectively prevent the spread of fire and the spread of smoke in response to an increase in the wind pressure after evacuation while ensuring evacuation of people.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to incorporate both advantages of a low-cost, resin-made surface fastener excellent in durability by repeated use and a stainless steel surface fastener excellent in heat resistance. . Therefore, in addition to the above effects, it is possible to effectively secure the fastening properties of the hook-and-loop fastener over a long period of time, and to effectively prevent the spread of fire and the spread of smoke in response to the increase in the wind pressure after evacuation while ensuring the evacuation of people. It is also economical.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, when the evacuation door overlaps the fireproof screen due to gravity, the maximum weight of the weight of the evacuation door and the weight of the weight is applied to the hook-and-loop fastener, and the evacuation door and the fireproof screen are the strongest. Stick. Therefore, the above effect can be further enhanced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a fire and smoke shutter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an installation state of a fireproof and smokeproof shutter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a lower part of an evacuation door constituting a fire and smoke prevention shutter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a use state of the fire and smoke prevention shutter according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a hook-and-loop fastener according to another embodiment constituting the fire and smoke prevention shutter of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a short seat plate of another embodiment constituting the fire and smoke prevention shutter of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a fireproof and smokeproof shutter according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state in which a fire and smoke shutter according to another embodiment of the present invention is open.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state in which a fire and smoke shutter according to another embodiment of the present invention is closed.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1a, 1b Fireproof and smokeproof shutter 2, 50 Fireproof screen 3, 3a, 3b Evacuation door 4, 4a, 4b, 5, 6 Fastener 10, 10a Fixed screen 11 Movable screen 12 Long seat plate 13, 14, 14a , 14b, 14c, 15 Short seat plate 16 Fold 17 Flat bar 18a-18c Bolt 20 Iron piece 21 Bag 22 Opening 23 Ceiling 24, 25 Side wall 51 Slit 52, 53 Main weight bar 54, 55 Sub weight bar

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A fireproof and smokeproof shutter, wherein an evacuation door is provided on a refractory screen so as to be openable and closable, and the evacuation door is superimposed on the refractory screen and closed, and a surface for fixing these to the refractory screen and the evacuation door. Fire and smoke protection shutter with a zipper. 2. A weight is provided in the vicinity of a hook-and-loop fastener provided on the evacuation door, and when the evacuation door is closed, a pressing force by the weight is interposed so that the hook-and-loop fastener on the fire door side becomes a hook-and-loop fastener on the fireproof screen side. 2. The fire and smoke prevention shutter according to claim 1, wherein the shutter is pressed and fixed. 3. The fire and smoke prevention shutter according to claim 1, wherein the surface fastener is a stainless steel surface fastener. 4. The fireproof and smokeproof shutter according to claim 1, wherein the surface fastener is a combination fastener of a stainless steel surface fastener and a resin surface fastener. 5. The fire prevention device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting position of the hook-and-loop fastener and the weight on the side of the evacuation door is a part where the evacuation door opens and closes at a maximum speed and in the vicinity thereof. Smoke-proof shutter.