JP2001003042A - Coolant composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coolant composition which has a flash point of 37 deg.C or more, a gelling temperature of -5 deg.C or less and a freezing temperature of -15 deg.C or less and which is excellent in safety and flowability and low corrosiveness in a wide range of low temperatures of -5 deg.C or less. SOLUTION: A coolant composition contains (a) butane diol and propylene glycol, (b) ethanol, (c) potassium chloride and/or calcium chloride and (d) water, wherein the component (a), the component (b), the component (c) and the component (d) constitute 10-80 wt.%, 1-42 wt.%, 0-27 wt.% and 10-80 wt.%, respectively, with the proviso that potassium chloride constitutes 19.2 wt.% or less when used alone, based on the total of 100 wt.% and the ratio of butane diol and propylene glycol in the component (a) is in the range of 6:8 to 10:1. The coolant composition has a flash point of 37 deg.C or more, a gelling temperature of -5 deg.C or less and a freezing temperature of -15 deg.C or less.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine,
The present invention relates to a cooling liquid composition used for obtaining a low temperature in a cooling facility or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-183950 discloses that
"(A) It contains an aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, (b) glycols and / or glycerin, and (c) water, and the weight ratio of the (a) compound to the (b) compound is 92.
/ 8 to 30/70, wherein the water content is 10% by weight or more and less than 45% by weight relative to the total amount of the composition. However, since the weight ratio of alcohol is large, the flash point is low, and there is a problem in safety. Also, the freezing temperature is not sufficiently low.

[0003]

An object of the present invention is to provide a cooling liquid composition having a flash point of 37 ° C. or more, a gelling temperature of -5 ° C. or less, and a freezing temperature of -15 ° C. or less. ,
It is an object of the present invention to obtain a material having excellent safety, fluidity, and low corrosiveness over the conventional one in a very wide temperature range of -5 ° C or lower.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, added butanediol to a composition of propylene glycol, ethanol and water, and preferably further added potassium chloride and / or potassium chloride. Alternatively, it has been found that the above problem can be solved by blending calcium chloride and setting the blending ratio in a specific range.

[0005] That is, the above-mentioned problems have been solved by "(a) butanediol and propylene glycol, (b) ethanol,
(C) It contains potassium chloride and / or calcium chloride, and (d) water, and when the whole is 100% by weight,
The component (a) is 10 to 80% by weight, and the component (b) is 1 to 42% by weight.
% By weight, component (c) is 0 to 27% by weight, provided that potassium chloride alone is 19.2% by weight or less and component (d) is 10% by weight.
And the ratio of butanediol to propylene glycol in the component (a) is from 6: 8 to 80% by weight.
A coolant composition having a flash point of 37 ° C. or higher, a gelation temperature of −5 ° C. or lower, and a freezing temperature of −15 ° C. or lower, which is within a range of 10: 1. Is resolved.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail. The butanediol used in the coolant composition of the present invention includes 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, and 2,3-butanediol. At least one selected one can be used, but 1,2-butanediol and 1,3-butanediol are particularly preferred because they have a small viscosity increasing effect as compared with other isomers.

[0007] Propylene glycols include those for industrial use and for food additives. Butanediol and propylene glycol are both dihydric alcohols and are easily dissolved in water or ethanol. When mixed with ethanol, they have the effect of enhancing the antifreeze properties. Butanediol is more easily dissolved in ethanol than propylene glycol, and its coexistence with ethanol suppresses the disadvantageous effect of increasing viscosity and increases the antifreeze effect.

[0008] Ethanol includes pharmaceuticals, food additives and the like. Potassium chloride is classified into primary grade, special grade, food additive and the like, but the special grade has a larger viscosity reducing effect.
Calcium chloride includes anhydrous and dihydrate (food additive), hexahydrate and the like. As water, tap water, industrial water, distilled water, deionized water, or the like is used depending on the application. However, when used as an antifreeze liquid at -20 ° C or lower, distillation is performed in view of the viscosity reduction effect and the gelation temperature reduction effect. Water and deionized water are preferred, and deionized water is particularly preferred.

It is preferable to use any of the above components for food additives because it is safer for the environment. Also,
When blending the components (c), it is appropriate to first dissolve them in water and then mix them with other components. This reduces the time required for mixing and facilitates dissolution of component (c). If the dissolution is insufficient, the viscosity reducing effect may be reduced.

If the component (a) is less than 10% by weight, it is difficult to keep the freezing temperature below -10 ° C. while satisfying other requirements, and even if it exceeds 80% by weight, the effect of lowering the freezing temperature is saturated. In addition, the viscosity is undesirably increased. On the other hand, when the weight ratio of butanediol to propylene glycol is less than about 6: 8 and more than about 10: 1, the viscosity becomes too high to be suitable for use.

If ethanol is less than 1% by weight, the effect of lowering the viscosity and the effect of lowering the freezing temperature are reduced, and there is no point in blending ethanol. If it exceeds 42% by weight, the reduction of the flash point is accelerated and the safety is rapidly deteriorated. I do.

The component (c) has a maximum of 27 calcium chloride.
These values are the upper limit since only 19.2% by weight of potassium chloride and potassium chloride are dissolved in water at most. If the amount is less than 1% by weight, the effect of lowering the freezing temperature is small. Further, when both are used in combination, the effect of lowering the freezing temperature is smaller than in the case of using both of them, so that the use of both is preferred.

(D) If the amount of water is less than 10% by weight, the dissolution time of potassium chloride or calcium chloride becomes longer. Further, when the temperature of the composition drops to -40 ° C or lower (c)
The components are precipitated, the effect of reducing the viscosity is reduced correspondingly, and the viscosity of the composition increases. On the other hand, if the water content is more than 80% by weight, the gelling temperature of the composition becomes higher than -5 ° C, and the freezing temperature becomes higher than -15 ° C.

In the coolant composition of the present invention, various additives such as a stabilizer, an anticorrosive, and a pH adjuster can be added, if necessary. High performance such as safety, fluidity and low corrosion can be achieved.

The cooling liquid composition of the present invention is used as a refrigerant liquid in various fields such as cooling equipment such as food, chemical, and machine factories, a freezing warehouse, and an ice making device, particularly as a refrigerant liquid in a low temperature range of -40 ° C or lower. It is suitable and is also useful as a cold storage material at -80 ° C or lower.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Tables 1 to 3 and FIGS. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples. The cooling liquid compositions of the examples and the comparative examples were prepared by adding ethanol, propylene glycol, and butanediol to water in order and stirring so as not to increase dissolved oxygen. When the component (c) was blended, the component (c) was first dissolved in water, and then prepared according to the same procedure as described above. All components other than distilled water were used for food additives.

The kinematic viscosity (mm2 / S) in the table is -40 ° C.
(Partly at −50 ° C.) using a suspended liquid level viscometer. The corrosion test was measured according to JIS2234. The flash points in the tables and figures are measured in accordance with the tag-closed flash point test method in JIS K2265 (crude oil and petroleum product flash point test method), and the gelation temperature (° C) and freezing temperature (° C) Was measured with a thermocouple thermometer of CUSTOM CT-2320. First, Table 1 shows Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention.
8, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Conventional Examples 1 to 4 are collectively shown. In the table, the numbers in each component column are% by weight.

[0018]

[Table 1]

Example 1 was an example in which the weight ratio of butanediol to propylene glycol was 6: 8 (kinematic viscosity 120), Comparative Example 1 was an example in which the weight ratio was 5: 8 (kinematic viscosity 140), and Example 5 was 10: 8.
Example 1 (kinematic viscosity 128) and Comparative Example 2 are 11: 1 (kinematic viscosity 143). Usable viscosity is -40 ° C
Since the kinematic viscosity measured in the above is up to about 120, it can be seen that when the weight ratio is less than 6: 8 or more than 9: 1, the viscosity becomes too large to be used.

FIG. 1 shows that ethanol and potassium chloride were added for 1.
The gelation temperature (x mark) and the freezing temperature (場合 mark) when the ratio of the component (a) to distilled water was changed with the ratio of butanediol to propylene glycol being 1: 1 with 0% by weight.
Is a graph in which is plotted. The vertical axis is temperature (° C.), and the horizontal axis is weight% of each component. The weight percentage on the horizontal axis is shown in the upper and lower two rows, and the weight percentage of each component when the total amount of the two components is constant and the ratio is changed is shown vertically. is there. In addition, such notations of the vertical axis and the horizontal axis are adopted in FIGS.

From the graph of FIG. 1, it is understood that the freezing temperature no longer decreases when the component (a) reaches about 80% by weight. When the water content is 78%, both the gelling temperature and the freezing temperature are within the allowable range, but when the water content is 88% by weight, the freezing temperature is higher than -5 ° C and higher than -15 ° C. You can see that. And it turns out that about 80 weight% is an upper limit about a water content.

In the graph of FIG. 4, the flash point (circle) is plotted when the volume ratio of ethanol and distilled water is changed with 5.0% by weight of butanediol and 18% by weight of calcium chloride, respectively. ing. From this graph, it can be seen that when ethanol exceeds 42% by weight, the lowering of the flash point is accelerated and the safety is rapidly deteriorated.

In Example 6, the lower limit of ethanol is 1.0% by weight, and the flash point is as high as 90 ° C. FIG. 2 shows that each of butanediol and propylene glycol is 25% by weight and potassium chloride is 1.0% by weight;
It is the graph which plotted the gelation temperature (x mark) and the freezing temperature (△ mark) when the amount ratio of ethanol and distilled water was changed.

FIG. 3 shows that each of butanediol and propylene glycol is 25% by weight and ethanol is 1.0% by weight.
7 is a graph plotting the gelling temperature (x mark) and the freezing temperature (△ mark) when the amount ratio of potassium chloride and distilled water was changed. These graphs of FIGS. 2 and 3 show that the gelation temperature and the freezing temperature decrease with increasing ethanol or potassium chloride.

Table 2 shows data for Example 7 and Table 3 shows data for Example 8. Each table shows the results of a corrosion test when each metal material in the material column was immersed in the cooling liquid composition of each example under an environment of 20 ° C. and allowed to stand for 20 days. In each table, m1 is the weight of the test piece before the corrosion test, m2 is the weight of the test piece after the corrosion test, and S is the total surface area of the test piece.

[0026]

[Table 2]

[0027]

[Table 3]

The smaller the numerical value in each table, the smaller the corrosion. However, from Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that the coolant composition of the present invention has extremely low corrosiveness to various metals. Further, the water content in each example is 16.4% by weight and 32.1% by weight, but the same result can be obtained even if the water content is further increased.

Conventional examples 1 to 4 are disclosed in JP-A-8-183950.
1 shows physical property data of a coolant composition described in the above item having a composition relatively close to the present invention.
In the conventional example 1, the flash point is 37 ° C. which is equivalent to that of the present invention.
The kinematic viscosity is extremely high at 450 and the fluidity is poor.

In Conventional Example 4, the kinematic viscosity is 57, which is equivalent to that of the present invention, but the flash point is extremely low at 25 ° C., and there is a problem in safety. Conventional Examples 2 and 3 are significantly inferior in both kinematic viscosity and flash point to the present invention. That is, it can be seen that the present invention has a higher flash point and higher safety than the conventional example, and also has excellent fluidity.

[0031]

As described above, the coolant composition of the present invention has a high flash point and has excellent safety, fluidity and low corrosivity in a very wide range of low temperatures of -5 ° C or lower. are doing. In particular, even in a low-temperature region of -40 ° C or lower, since it retains a low viscosity that cannot be realized by the conventional technology,
It is suitable as a refrigerant liquid in various fields. It is also useful as a cold storage material at -80 ° C or lower.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1: Ethanol and potassium chloride are 1.0% by weight, and the ratio of butanediol to propylene glycol is 1:
1 is a graph plotting the gelation temperature (x mark) and the freezing temperature (△ mark) when the ratio of the component (a) to distilled water is changed as 1.

FIG. 2 shows the gelation temperature (×) when butanediol and propylene glycol were each 25% by weight and potassium chloride 1.0% by weight, and the amount ratio of ethanol and distilled water was changed.
3 is a graph plotting the freezing temperature (△ mark) and the freezing temperature (△ mark).

FIG. 3 shows a gelation temperature (×) when butanediol and propylene glycol are each 25% by weight and ethanol is 1.0% by weight, and the amount ratio of potassium chloride and distilled water is changed.
3 is a graph plotting the freezing temperature (△ mark) and the freezing temperature (△ mark).

FIG. 4 shows the flash point (○) when the weight ratio of ethanol and distilled water is changed with 5.0% by weight of butanediol and 18% by weight of calcium chloride, respectively.
3) is a graph plotted with a circle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 B 1,2-butanediol PG propylene glycol E ethanol KCl potassium chloride W distilled water

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The composition according to claim 1, comprising (a) butanediol and propylene glycol, (b) ethanol, (c) potassium chloride and / or calcium chloride, and (d) water. The component (a) is 10 to 80% by weight, the component (b) is 1 to 42% by weight, the component (c) is 0 to 27% by weight, provided that potassium chloride alone is 19.2% by weight or less. (D) Component is 10
８０80% by weight, and the ratio of butanediol to propylene glycol in the component (a) is within the range of 6: 8 to 10: 1, the flash point is 37 ° C. or more, and the gelation temperature -5 ° C or lower, and a freezing temperature of -15 ° C or lower.