JP2000355992A - Vacuum soundproof insulation material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the performance of a vacuum soundproof material by the control of the restriction on sound propagation passage, absorption by material and supporting method for airtight material. SOLUTION: In this panel vacuum body, the support of an airtight material 2 is performed only by a frame material 3 arranged at the outer peripheral portion of a vacuum body, a vibration absorbing body 4 is cramped between frame members and the inside is vacuumed. And the support of the airtight material 2 is performed to create spotted or linear contacts between the airtight materials 2 by using space holders overlapped to several layers, the frame materials 3 are distributed along the surrounding border line and the inside is vacuumed by airtight jointing. The vacuum cubic bodies with different sizes are combined together by making one united body at each end of the airtight materials 2 and the inside is totally vacuumed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sound insulating material utilizing a vacuum.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a sound insulating material utilizing a vacuum has been used in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 48-85289, Japanese Patent Application No. 52-91828, and Japanese Patent Application No. 5-151688 for maintaining a vacuum layer. Core and Japanese Patent Application No. 6-101916
Such a block member as described above is inserted as an airtight material spacing member. Therefore, when the sound is radiated from the back surface of the sound receiving surface material, the sound is not transmitted by the vacuum in the parts without the spacing material such as the honeycomb core and the frame member, but the sound becomes the vibration in the material in the spacing material part. To be transmitted and emitted as sound from the airtight material on the emission side.

[0003] Therefore, the spacing member determines the performance as a vacuum soundproofing material. However, since the honeycomb core and many block members have a large ratio of the contact length of the spacing member to the area of the hermetic material, vibration is increased. The transmission and the rigidity of the spacing member hardly attenuate the vibration due to the material, which reduces the soundproofing effect.

[0004]

The problem to be solved is that vibration transmission between the sound receiving surface and the radiation surface is large in the vacuum soundproof material.

[0005]

The present invention generally comprises three methods for solving the above problems. First
Is a method to reduce the vibration transmission path to only the periphery along the outer shape. Second, in the case where a vacuum body is formed by using a spacing material, a plurality of spacing materials are overlapped between airtight materials so as to form a point-like or linear contact, thereby increasing the damping during vibration transmission. Method. Third, in the case where a vacuum body is similarly formed using a spacing member, a plurality of spacing members are stacked between airtight members, and a rubber-like elastic body is sandwiched or covered with the rubber-like elastic body therebetween. This is a method of increasing the attenuation at the time of transmitting the vibration by using the above.

[0006]

The materials used in the present invention and the joining method will be described. For the airtight material, use a material that does not allow gas permeation. Generally, a thin metal plate of about 0.1 to 0.5 mm such as stainless steel, iron, aluminum, damping steel plate, amorphous alloy sheet, copper, aluminum, etc. A plastic laminate of a metal foil, a composite material obtained by integrating a fiber reinforcing material represented by carbon fiber or a high-strength plastic film with low elongation into the laminate, a metal plastic and a hard plastic or a wooden board Use a composite material or the like.

As the material used for the frame material, a material obtained by hardening a high-strength fiber material such as metal, plastic, carbon fiber or glass fiber with a resin is used.

[0008] When it is difficult to support an atmospheric pressure load using only an airtight material, the pressure-resistant material is used by being joined to a frame material. As the material, a material obtained by hardening a high-strength fiber material such as metal, plastic, carbon fiber, or glass fiber with a resin is used. The shape is a mesh or a band.

Examples of the mesh-like pressure-resistant material include a wire mesh formed by assembling a wire, and an expanded metal formed by forming a slit in a plate and stretching it to form a mesh. As a specific shape, wire meshes represented by Japanese Industrial Standards G3552 and G3553, expanded metal of the same standard G3351,
There are three-dimensional molded products such as metal laths such as wirelass of the same standard A5504 and cobras, corrugated laths, and riblas of the same standard A5505. The wire mesh or expanded metal may be used by bending or pressing into a mountain shape, a substantially circular or truncated pyramid shape, a substantially hemispherical shape, or the like.

[0010] The three-dimensional net molded product is a molded product made of plastic as a material and having a thickness of about 1 mm continuously extruded in an arbitrary direction so that the wires are entangled with each other to make the entire thickness constant. As the vibration absorber, a rubber-like elastic material, plastic, wood, high-density glass wool, or the like is used alone or in a layered manner. When a gas-permeable material is used in a place where it comes into contact with the outside air, it is covered with an airtight material such as an aluminum foil so as to prevent gas from entering a vacuum portion.

[0011] Since the plus check has a difference in vibration absorption depending on the material, a material having a large vibration loss coefficient such as polyethylene, polyurethane or reinforced polyester is used. The wood is made of soft wood such as cork.
The reason why these absorption correspondences are used repeatedly is that there is a difference in vibration damping frequency depending on the material, and that when the materials are overlapped, the attenuation becomes larger than when used alone. As a specific example, the vibration damping frequency is approximately 5 to 300 Hertz for rubber and 50 to 700 Hertz for cork.

When it is difficult to support the atmospheric pressure load only with the airtight material, the spacing material is disposed between the opposing airtight materials. The material may be a molded product of metal, plastic, paper, carbon fiber, or the like, and the shape may be a mesh shape, a perforated flat plate or a three-dimensional molded product of a mesh material, a honeycomb core, or a three-dimensional net molded product.

The rubber-like elastic material is rubber, soft plastic,
Alternatively, using a foam, a gel-like material, a viscoelastic adhesive, or the like, a product having a hardness and a cross section that exhibits elasticity when commercialized is used.

When the vibration absorber contains components such as an oil component and a stabilizer that diverge into a vacuum, a rubber-like elastic body is previously placed in a vacuum to remove by evaporation or metal. A rubber-like elastic body is covered with a flexible airtight material such as a foil plastic laminate material. When coating a material having an opening such as a mesh material, the periphery of each mesh material is heat-sealed to form a sealed body, and a central portion of the mesh opening is cut off.
An opening penetrating the front and back is provided.

The degree of vacuum is in a medium vacuum range of 10 ^-2 Pascal or less. For vacuum evacuation, use parts that can be easily sealed off when providing a vacuum evacuation hole in a hard material, and if the hole is in a soft airtight material, pull out the sealing cut part or evacuation nozzle Then, both sides of the airtight material in the pulled-out portion are pressed and thermally welded.

About the sealing method. When the airtight material and the frame material are both metal, welding, brazing, or bonding is used. When the joining surface is made of metal and nonmetal, the bonding or heat welding method is used. The joining of the airtight material and the airtight material is performed by brazing or bonding in the case of a thin metal plate, and by heat welding in the case of a laminated material.

[Claim 1] This claim concentrates the transmission path of the vibration on the outer peripheral portion, and at the same time, absorbs the vibration by inserting a rubber-like elastic body between the frame members, so that the sound is radiated from the sound receiving surface. This is a method of reducing the transmission of vibration between them.

FIG. 1 shows the external appearance of the vacuum body 1, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a part of the inside thereof. In FIG. 2, the airtight material 2
And a frame member 3 arranged along the outer periphery of the airtight member 2 and maintaining the airtightness, and the two integrated blocks are opposed to each other so that the frame members 3 and 3a face each other. Are laminated, vibration absorbers 4 are arranged, pressed and sealed, and the inside is evacuated.

The airtight material 2 is made of a material having four circumferences integrated with the frame material 3 and having a tensile force capable of deforming within an allowable range under an atmospheric pressure of 1 kg / kg and a load during use. Accordingly, as the area of the vacuum body increases, the bending increases, so that the hermetic material 2 having a high tensile strength is used. In the case where the airtight material 2 is a hard material and the deflection is large, the shape of the central portion may be deformed into an uneven shape to serve as a reinforcing rib. If the allowable range is exceeded, metal strips 7 are provided at predetermined intervals between the frame members 3 as illustrated in FIG. 3, and the ends are joined to the frame member 3 to support the airtight material 2 and deform. Make it smaller.

The frame member 3 is inwardly deformed by the load caused by the atmospheric pressure applied to the airtight member 2. A material having a sectional performance, a material thickness and a sectional shape capable of withstanding the force is used. When the force acting on the frame member 3 is large and the cross section of the frame member 3 needs to be large or the bending becomes too large, the pipes 5 and 5a are used as reinforcement between the frame members 3 and the corners are used. The flat plate 6 is used integrally by bonding or the like.
As another method, a girder shaped product may be inserted into the entire surface inside the frame member 3.

Further, since the vibration of the frame member 3 is smaller than that of the airtight material 2, the area of the sound receiving side is made as small as possible, and the joint strength is required to be integrated with the airtight material 2. Therefore, in order to obtain a predetermined cross-sectional performance, the cross section of the frame member 3 is substantially L-shaped, the outside is a small bent piece, and the inside is a large bent piece.

With respect to the thickness of the vacuum layer, when the airtight material 2 is pressed inward by the atmospheric pressure, the airtight materials 2 on the front side and the back side,
The height of the frame member is set to a size that does not make contact with 2a. In addition,
When providing an opening for piping or equipment in a part of the vacuum body, integrate the frame material into the airtight material around the opening as well as the outer periphery, and sandwich the vibration absorber between the frame materials. Seal.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the frame member 3 is inside the airtight member 2, that is, inside the vacuum body 1, but the airtight member 2 may be arranged inside the frame member 3 and outside the vacuum body 1. In addition, fire resistance,
When oil resistance is required, the entire vibration absorber 4 is covered with a metal foil, or the space between the frame members 3 and 3a is covered with a thin metal plate.

[Claim 2] This claim utilizes the fact that when the vibration is transmitted to another member, a large vibration damping is obtained when the cross section changes suddenly. This is a method of reducing vibration transmission.

FIG. 4 is an external view of the vacuum body, and FIG. 5 is a partial sectional perspective view of the outer peripheral portion. The frame members 10 and 10a are metal processed products having a substantially L-shaped cross section. The frame member 10 is press-formed into a hemispherical shape 11 at predetermined intervals on a side facing the frame member 10a. An airtight material is integrated with the outer surfaces of the frame material 10 and the frame material 10a, and the outer surfaces are aligned and overlapped. In this state, the frame 10
And the frame member 10a are in a point-like contact, and several points of the contact points are joined by bonding. Although a gap is generated between the frame material 10 and the frame material 10a due to the height of the hemispherical shape 11, the thin film airtight material 12
Is sealed by brazing or bonding from the outside of the frame members 10, 12a, and the frame members 10, 10a or the airtight members 9, 9a are sealed.
After evacuating from the evacuated hole parts provided in the above, a sealing body is cut to form a vacuum body.

FIG. 6 shows a case where an extrusion molding material such as aluminum is used as the material of the frame material. Frame material 14 is frame material 1
Since the continuous convex 15 is formed on the side facing 4b and the cross-sectional shape of the frame members 14 and 14a is box-shaped, the outer sealing material 17 for sealing is attached. ,
Since a vacuum cannot be formed between the projection 15 and the outer sealing material 17 and the interior of the frame members 14 and 14a, the projection 15 and the frame members 14 and 14a are provided with notches 16 and holes 18 and 18a at predetermined intervals.

FIG. 7 shows another example of the shape of the point contact. The cut upright piece 20 is inserted into the frame material 19 on one side,
A hole 22 is provided at a position opposite to 9 so that the tip end of the standing piece 20 enters partway, and the frame member 19 and the frame member 21 are overlapped to make a point-like contact. In addition, a molded product in which, for example, a hemisphere, a weight, and a columnar protrusion having a triangular or semicircular cross section are provided at predetermined intervals on a strip plate, the contact surface of which is a point or a line without processing the frame material. Alternatively, a cut product may be provided in a strip-shaped metal plate, and a molded product in which the cut product is erected may be sandwiched between frame members.

[Claim 3] This claim supports the airtight material when the spacing between the frame members is wide, the force acting on the airtight material is large, and it is difficult to support the atmospheric pressure load only with the airtight material. In this method, a pressure-resistant material is provided on the back surface of the airtight material.

FIG. 8 shows the external appearance when the wire mesh material 27 is used as a pressure-resistant material on both sides of the frame material.
And FIG. FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional enlarged view. The pressure-resistant material 27 is integrated with the frame material 26 to form an airtight material 25.
, And the inside of the airtight material 25 is sealed to evacuate the inside.

The frame member 26 shown in FIG. 9 is obtained by bending a metal plate, and is substantially U-shaped. The joint 28 between the airtight material and the joint between the pressure-resistant material 27 at the end is bent at the end for smooth joining of the airtight material 25. When the joining piece 28 and the pressure-resistant material 27 have different heights, they are integrated using an adjusting material 29. The joining of the pressure-resistant material 27 to the frame member 19 having such a cross-sectional shape is performed inside the bent portion, and the hermetic material 25 is joined to the joining portion 28 so as to be air-tight. The inside is evacuated from the evacuation parts provided on the frame member 26 or the airtight member 25 and cut off. Since the wire meshes 27 and 27a have different vertical and horizontal wire diameter heights, the end 27a in one direction is bent to have the same vertical and horizontal height.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the external appearance and a part of the interior when a flexible material is used for the pressure-resistant material in the second embodiment. FIG. 11 is a partial sectional view of the frame member. Pressure resistant material 32
For example, carbon fiber or a thin metal plate in a belt shape is used. A pressure-resistant material 32 having a width of about 10 mm is wound around the facing frame material 31 at intervals of several centimeters.
2 and the frame material 31 are integrated by bonding or welding, and the whole is airtight material 3
0, the periphery of the airtight material 30 is sealed, and the inside is evacuated.

The cross-sectional shape of the frame member 31 is triangular in order to reduce the contact area with the sound receiving surface. The space formed between the frame material 31 and the airtight material 30 is made smooth with plastic or the like that hardens after application. The airtight material 31 is the outside 34 of the frame material 31.
Stretched, bonded and sealed.

Since the atmospheric pressure applied to the airtight material 30 acts on the frame material 31 through the airtight material 30 and the pressure-resistant material 32, the frame reinforcing material 32 is provided between the frame materials 31 as necessary to deform the frame material. To prevent In order to evacuate the cross-sectional space of the frame member 31 and the frame reinforcing member 35, the through holes 3
3 is provided.

[Claim 4] In the present invention, a spacing member made of a hard material coated with a plastic or rubber-like elastic material is provided between the hermetic materials so that the space between the opposing hermetic materials is maintained. This is a method in which a vacuum layer is formed to reduce the transmission of vibration between the sound receiving surface and the diffused sound surface. For one embodiment,
FIG. 4 is an external view. 12 and 13 are partial cross-sectional perspective views of the outer peripheral portion. In a frame member 38 having a U-shaped cross section disposed along the outer periphery of the vacuum body 36, a spacing member 39 having substantially the same height as the frame member 38 is provided, and the airtight members 37, 37a and the frame member 38 are integrated. It is sealed and the inside is evacuated.

In the first embodiment, in FIG. 12, the spacing member 39 is a flat plate made of a metal material, and U-shaped cuts 40 are formed at predetermined intervals on the flat plate, and the U-shaped portions are raised on both sides to form standing pieces 41, 41a. Is formed, and the formed plate is immersed in a molten plastic or rubber-like elastic material, and the coatings 44 and 44a are adhered to the entire surface and solidified. Spacing material 3
The edge of 9 is partially bent up and down 43 at a height in contact with the inside of the frame member 38, and it is only necessary to fit it in the assembly. The frame member 38 only needs to have such a strength that the frame member 38 does not deform when mounted or transported under the atmospheric pressure load applied to the airtight member 37 between the upright pieces 44 in the first row from the edge.

For the second embodiment, FIG.
5 shows an example in which a three-dimensional molded product of a mesh material is used. The mesh-shaped wire 46 is continuously bent in a V-shape, immersed in a molten plastic or rubber-like elastic body, solidified, and coated 47. A bent portion 48 at the edge of the spacing member 45 is inscribed in the frame member 38 and fixed by bonding. The spacing between the convex portions of the spacing member 45 is arranged such that the deflection of the hermetic material due to the atmospheric pressure load is within an allowable range.

Since the plastic or rubber-like elastic body is applied with a load only for the convex portion of the spacing member 45, the hardness can be set to a good value for absorbing vibration.

[Claim 5] This claim uses an airtight material which is formed by folding or molding a flat plate having an opening or a net-like material having a hole as a spacing material, and overlapping the contacts so as to be dotted or linear. In this method, the sound transmission between the sound receiving surface and the radiating sound surface is reduced.

FIG. 4 is an external view of the embodiment. FIG. 14,
15 and 16 are partial cross-sectional perspective views of the outer peripheral portion. In a frame member 51 having a U-shaped cross section disposed along the outer periphery of the vacuum body 49, a spacing member having substantially the same height is provided.
The periphery of 50a is housed in a frame member 51, a part of which is adhered, sealed, and the inside is evacuated. The edge of the spacing member is inserted into a frame member 51 having a U-shaped cross section and fixed by bonding or the like.

FIG. 14 shows the perforated flat plate 52 made of a hard material, which is continuously bent at the same height so that peaks and valleys are alternately formed, and overlapped so that the bent ridge lines intersect. This is a spacing member 53. The flat plate is provided with a through hole 54 in each bent piece.

FIG. 15 shows the wire mesh 55 as a ridge line 56 in the second embodiment. The ridge line 56 is continuously bent so that peaks and valleys are alternately arranged at the same height, and the ridge line 56 is overlapped so as to intersect. This is a holding member 57.

FIG. 16 shows a third embodiment in which a spacer 60 is sandwiched between two mesh members 59 and 59a having a size surrounded by a frame member 51 to form a spacing member 61. The meshes 59 and 59a are expanded metal, and the spacer 60 is a V-shaped perforated plate arranged at intervals such that the meshes 59 and 59a are within the bending range of the set dimensions. The spacer 60 is formed by bending an extruded material or a flat plate of aluminum or plastic, and has a V-shaped cross section, an X-shaped cross section, a circular cross section, and the like.
The meshes 59 and 59a are in point contact.

When a flexible thin film is used as an airtight material, the mesh members 59 and 59a are bent or pressed by a press so that the airtight material bent inward at the opening of the mesh does not contact the spacer. As shown in FIG. 17, the width of the cut of the expanded metal is increased, and the rising height is 6 mm.
Use the larger one.

[Claim 6] This claim absorbs vibration by sandwiching a vibration absorber between pressure-resistant materials disposed inside the airtight material, and reduces vibration transmission between the sound receiving surface and the radiating sound surface. How to

FIG. 4 is an external view of the embodiment. FIG.
19 and 20 are partial cross-sectional perspective views of the outer peripheral portion. A spacing member having a height substantially equal to that of the frame member 65 is disposed in a frame member 65 having a U-shaped cross section disposed along the outer periphery of the vacuum body 63, and the periphery of the airtight member 64 is stored in the frame member 65. The parts were adhered, sealed, and the inside was evacuated.

FIG. 18 shows a through-hole 58 formed in a flat plate made of a hard material and bent so that a mountain portion and a flat portion are alternately arranged, and the flat portion 67 and the flat portion 67a are overlapped. In the meantime, the vibration absorber 68 is sandwiched between the ridges in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the mountain to form a spacing member 69, which is disposed on the inner surface of the frame member 63. Note that the bent material may be an extruded product.

FIG. 19 shows the second embodiment, in which the intersections 71 hold small pieces of the vibration absorber 72 at predetermined intervals while the wire intersections of the wire meshes 70 and 70a are opposed to each other. Material 73.

FIG. 20 shows a third embodiment of the present invention in which a wire mesh 76 coated with a plastic or rubber-like elastic body 75 is sandwiched between expanded metals 74 and 74a over the entire surfaces of expanded metals 74 and 74a.
And is disposed between the frame members 65. In order to facilitate the movement of air during evacuation, the rising height of the expanded metals 74 and 74a is increased so that the gap between the wire mesh covering material 75 and the airtight material 64 is increased. As another method, an expanded metal having a corrugated shape or a hemispherical shape formed by pressing on the entire expanded metal is used.

[Claim 7] This claim relates to a case where a honeycomb core is overlapped and used as a spacing member, a vibration absorber or a mesh-like material is sandwiched between the honeycomb cores, and the vibration absorption or the number of point-like contacts is reduced. In this method, the transmission of vibration between the sound receiving surface and the diffused sound surface is reduced by reducing the number of vibrations.

FIG. 4 is an external view of the embodiment. FIG. 21 is a partial sectional perspective view of the outer peripheral portion. A wire mesh 82 is disposed between superimposed honeycomb cores 81 having substantially the same height as the frame member 80 in a frame member 80 having a U-shaped cross section disposed along the outer periphery of the vacuum body 78. Is joined to the frame member 80 to be integrated, sealed, and the inside is evacuated.

[Claim 8] This claim is used when a sound source is wrapped around the back of a speaker. The outer hermetic material and the inner hermetic material are shaped so that the shapes of the vacuum bodies having different sizes can be easily maintained, and both are bent at their ends to be integrated.

FIG. 22 is an external perspective view of the embodiment. FIG. 23 is a sectional view. In FIG. 22, the outer airtight material 85
Has a substantially semicircular cross section, and the entire periphery of the end portion 86 is bent outward to form a joint. Inside airtight material 87
Has a substantially hemispherical shape slightly smaller than the outer air-tight material 85, and bends the entire periphery of the end to form a joint portion 88 to be integrated,
It joins with the outside airtight material 85.

The material of the inner hermetic member 87 is pressed into the vacuum body by the atmospheric pressure load, so that only a tensile force acts. Therefore, a lightweight, thin film or flexible material having a tensile strength and easy to vibrate is used. The outer airtight material 85 has a shape with a concave portion at a lower portion in order to prevent rolling during installation. If it is difficult to integrate the inner and outer airtight materials 85 and 87 into a hemispherical shape due to manufacturing, the inner and outer airtight materials 85 and 87 are integrated with a joining piece 89 made of a different material as shown in the figure.

[0054]

Advantageous effects common to the claims. When the airtight material of the vacuum body receives the sound, the energy is divided into three parts: surface reflected sound, sound radiated to the back surface of the airtight material, and vibration of the airtight material itself. Among them, the sound radiated to the back surface of the airtight material is not transmitted at all because it is radiated into the vacuum. Therefore, only the vibration of the airtight material is applied to the radiation surface on the back surface of the vacuum body. When the airtight material is, for example, a metal foil plastic laminate material that is a thin and lightweight material, sound transmission to the sound receiving side rear surface is large over a wide range of frequencies, and surface reflected sound and vibration transmission are small. Conversely, when a heavy metal plate is used as an airtight material, surface reflected sound and vibration transmission increase, and noise radiated to the back surface of the airtight material decreases.

[Claim 1] Vibration generated by sound reception of the airtight material is transmitted to the sound receiving side airtight material / frame material, the vibration absorber, the dissipating side frame material / airtight material, and is radiated again as sound. You. At this time, since the vibration absorber is a material that easily undergoes molecular vibration, the molecule vibrates greatly and converts much into thermal energy. The vibration is absorbed and transmitted to the radiation side frame material and airtight material. Due to this vibration absorption, a small sound is emitted from the airtight material. Sound is transmitted to the back surface of the vacuum body by the above-described vibration transmission, but the airtight material is fixed only at the outer peripheral portion, and has a large amount of energy dissipation from the back surface of the airtight material into the vacuum, and is in a state of easy vibration, The energy absorption of the airtight material is large, the amount of vibration transmitted to the frame material is small, the sound receiving area of the frame material is small, the vibration is absorbed by the vibration absorber, and the radiation side airtight material vibrates only by fixing around the periphery. A high performance soundproofing material can be obtained due to easy energy absorption.

When the airtight material is held by the pressure-resistant material shown in FIG. 3, the vibration of the airtight material is suppressed, but the noise radiated from the pressure-resistant material portion to the back surface and the surface reflected sound are increased, so that the higher the noise. Soundproof performance is obtained.

[Claim 2] The vibration transmitted from the sound-receiving-side airtight material to the frame material is applied to the radiation-side frame material only from the protrusions whose contact points are provided at intervals such that the bending of the frame material is within an allowable range. Is transmitted. It has been mathematically known that the attenuation of the longitudinal wave due to a sudden change in the cross-sectional area is obtained by the following equation (1).

[0058] "Equation 1" ^{L = 10LOG (α -0.5 + α} 0.5) 2 -6 L: Attenuation alpha: rate of change in cross-sectional area

From this equation, the rate of change of the sectional area is, for example, 1
In the case of 1/000, about 24 dB is obtained, and in the case of 1: 5000, about 49 dB of attenuation is obtained. In this way, remarkable vibration damping is obtained between the frame material on the sound receiving side and the radiation side, and the airtight material on the sound receiving side and the radiation side is fixed only around the periphery. Is obtained.

[Claim 3] The pressure-resistant material bears almost all of the pressure-sensitive material except the peripheral portion against the atmospheric pressure load acting on the entire surface of the airtight material. On the other hand, the airtight material bears the atmospheric pressure load of the divided area surrounded by the pressure-resistant material and the pressure-resistant material, or the frame material and the pressure-resistant material. Power is acting. When the airtight material in such a state receives sound, the airtight material withstands the energy that is dissipated into the vibration on the back surface of the material and vibrates at each part surrounded by the pressure resistant material and the pressure resistant material or the frame material and the pressure resistant material. To the material. The vibration is transmitted to the airtight material, the sound-receiving pressure-resistant material, the frame material, the radiation-side pressure-resistant material, and the airtight material, and is radiated as sound.

In the vibration transmission as described above, the pressure-resistant material transmits the vibration of the entire area excluding the peripheral portion directly transmitted from the airtight material to the frame material to the frame material, but a wire mesh is used as shown in FIG. In the case, the contact area between the pressure-resistant material and the airtight material is small,
The area of the airtight material increases. As the size increases, the vibration tends to increase, the energy attenuation increases, and the vibration transmission to the frame material decreases.

In FIG. 10, a belt-shaped flexible material such as carbon fiber is used as the pressure-resistant material.
It is wrapped between frame materials. In this case, the pressure-resistant material has a width of about 10 mm, but is light in weight, so that even if the vibration from the attenuated airtight material is transmitted, the vibration is easy and the sound is greatly diffused into the vacuum. It is attenuated and transmitted to the frame as vibration.

In FIG. 11, the triangular shape of the frame material is to increase the vibration length by increasing the supporting interval of the pressure-resistant material to increase the attenuation, and to minimize the sound receiving surface of the frame material. This is to improve the soundproofing effect.

Although there is almost no vibration attenuation in the frame material in both FIGS. 8 and 10, the airtight material and the pressure-resistant material on the radiation side are the same as those on the sound-receiving side, due to the easiness of vibration of the airtight material or the pressure-resistant material. Therefore, high soundproof performance can be obtained. This vacuum body can be curved in either the vertical or horizontal direction in FIG. 8 or in a direction parallel to the pressure-resistant material in FIG. 10, depending on the application.

[Claim 4] Since the atmospheric pressure load is dispersed and supported by each of the spacing members, the frame material does not require a large strength, so that a lightweight and thin material can be used.

The spacing material is covered with an elastic absorber having a hardness capable of absorbing vibrations well over the front and back of the airtight material, and the vibration passing through the hard material inside passes through the elastic absorber again, so that it is attenuated and dissipated on the radiation side. It is transmitted to the airtight material. Also, the shift of the position of the support material on the sound receiving side and the position of the support material on the dissipating side results in a longer transmission path and a corresponding attenuation.

As the airtight material, an atmospheric pressure load acting on the material is dispersed in each of the spacing members, and since a large strength is not required, a lightweight and thin material that is easily vibrated can be used. Therefore, the damping due to vibration of the sound-receiving side airtight material and the remaining energy released into the vacuum on the back surface of the material are greatly attenuated to the airtight material on the radiation side through the spacing material covered with the rubber-like elastic material as vibration. To communicate. In addition, when the contact area ratio between the spacing material and the airtight material is small, attenuation as shown by the mathematical expression of claim 2 can be obtained.

[Claim 5] The vibration damping effect due to the contact area ratio between the airtight material and the spacing member and the airtight material is the same as that of the fourth aspect. FIG. 14 shows that the airtight material and the spacing material are in linear contact with each other, and the spacing material is in point contact with each other, and is attenuated at each contact portion. The airtight material and the spacing material are in linear contact, and the amount of transmitted vibration is also transmitted according to the length. However, since there are few contact points between the spacing material and the spacer, the attenuation is greatly reduced as in the formula of claim 2. It is transmitted to the radiation side mesh material.

FIG. 15 shows that the airtight material and the spacing material are in a dotted shape when the airtight material is a hard material, are in a linear shape when the airtight material is soft, and are in a dotted shape between the spacing materials, and are attenuated at the respective contact portions. I do. The attenuation by the contact portion is the same as that of FIG.
In the case of a hard material, the air-tight material and the spacing material are in a point-like contact, so that they are further attenuated.

FIG. 16 shows that the airtight material and the mesh material are in linear contact, and the mesh material and the spacer are in point contact. The contact length between the airtight material and the spacing material is long, and the transmission amount of vibration is also transmitted according to the length.However, as the spacing material becomes a point-like contact of the spacer, it is greatly attenuated and transmitted to the mesh material on the radiation side. I do.

[Claim 6] The vibration damping effect due to the hermetic material and the contact area ratio between the pressure-resistant material and the hermetic material is the same as in the fourth aspect. 18, 19, and 20 show that the airtight material and the pressure-resistant material are in linear contact with each other, and between the spacing members are in contact with the rubber-like elastic body, and are attenuated at the respective contact portions. In both cases, the contact length between the airtight material and the pressure-resistant material is long, and the transmission amount of vibration is also transmitted according to the length.However, since there are few contact points between the spacing material and the spacer, the amount of transmission is reduced and the radiation-side airtight material is reduced. To communicate.

[Claim 7] In this claim, a honeycomb core and a mesh or vibration absorber are used for the spacing member. In the already-filed application, there is a honeycomb core that is stacked in two stages and is used as a spacing member. However, since the contact length between the hermetic material and the honeycomb core is long, and the number of contact points is equal to the number of partition walls of the honeycomb core, individual contacts are required. Although there is a large attenuation at the contacts, the effect is reduced because there are many contacts in the entire vacuum body.

According to the present invention, the vibration absorber is sandwiched between the large spacing members of the mesh or the honeycomb core,
The number of contacts is reduced and vibration is absorbed by the vibration absorber. In FIG. 21, since the wire mesh of a mesh larger than the cells of the honeycomb core is sandwiched between the spacing members, the vibration of the airtight material on the sound receiving side is greatly attenuated due to the decrease in the number of contacts, and the sound is emitted from the airtight material on the diffused side. Dissipated. Also, in terms of productivity, by sandwiching the mesh between the honeycomb cores, the gas at the time of evacuation changes from the movement between the cells to the movement between the mesh materials, thereby improving the productivity by shortening the time, Cost can be reduced.

In the third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh aspects of the present invention, the area of the airtight material to be subjected to the atmospheric pressure is limited only to the periphery of the frame material, and the required strength is small. Use a material that has less vibration transmission due to its thinness and flexibility, and has a large energy dissipation to the back surface of the hermetic material, as compared to an hermetic material that bears all the atmospheric pressure load applied to the hermetic material because the range of choices is expanded. Can be done. In the fourth, fifth, and sixth aspects, the shape of the vacuum body can be made three-dimensional as long as the spacing member can be deformed.

[Claim 8] Since the shape is substantially hemispherical, the atmospheric pressure load is dispersed, and the outer and inner hermetic materials can maintain their shapes even if both materials are thin. In particular, since a light and thin material can be used for the inner airtight material, it is easy to vibrate, and the material is scattered from the back surface of the material into a vacuum, so that a large attenuation can be obtained. The attenuated vibration is transmitted from the joint piece of the inner hermetic material to the joint piece of the outer hermetic material, and is radiated from the outer hermetic material as a radiated sound. The use of an elastic adhesive at the joint between the inner and outer airtight materials results in a vacuum body having a higher soundproofing effect.

As for the general effect of using a vacuum, a high effect can be expected for soundproofing and heat insulation.
In general, sound insulation materials based on the mass law improve the sound insulation performance in proportion to the weight.Thus, high sound insulation performance cannot be obtained with lightweight materials. Was compatible.

On the other hand, according to the present invention, since a sound-transmitting substance is provided by using a vacuum and a layer without air, which is a sound-transmitting substance, is provided for sound insulation, sound insulation and sound absorption can be performed at the same time. There are performances that cannot be obtained with conventional soundproofing materials, such as obtaining effects and obtaining high sound insulation performance even at low frequencies. In addition, in use conditions, weight reduction, fire resistance, water resistance, freezing and thawing resistance, etc. can be used at the same time outdoors or in cold regions, and in addition to improving performance,
Applications will also expand.

With respect to heat, foamed plastic and glass wool, which are general heat insulating materials, are heat insulating materials that control the convection of air, so their heat insulating performance is determined in proportion to the thickness. In contrast, the use of vacuum results in radiation and heat transfer of the hermetic support. Therefore, heat insulation irrespective of the thickness becomes possible.

The present invention is a vacuum sound insulating material mainly intended for soundproofing. The heat insulation is limited to the thermal insulation obtained as a result of manufacturing for soundproofing. Higher heat insulation performance can be achieved by making the surface a mirror finish or, in the case of plastic, applying aluminum foil.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view of a vacuum body. (Claim 1)

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a part of the inside; (Claim 1)

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a frame member when reinforcing an airtight material. (Claim 1)

FIG. 4 is an external view of a vacuum body. (Claim 2) (Claim 4) (Claim 5) (Claim 6) (Claim 7)

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an outer peripheral part when the frame member is in a point-like contact.
(Claim 2) (Example 1)

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a partial cross section of the outer periphery when the frame material is in linear contact.
(Claim 2) (Example 2)

FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of an example of a frame member having a point contact shape. (Claim 2) (Example 1)

FIG. 8 is an external view in which a wire mesh material is used as a pressure-resistant material, and a plan view partially showing the inside. (Claim 3) (Example 1)

FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the outer periphery. (Claim 3) (Example 1)

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the appearance of a belt-shaped material as a pressure-resistant material and a partial internal display. (Claim 3) (Example 2)

FIG. 11 is a partial sectional perspective view of a frame member. (Claim 3) (Example 2)

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a partial cross section of the outer periphery using a coating spacing material. (Claim 4) (Example 1)

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a partial cross section of the outer periphery using a coating spacing material. (Claim 4) (Example 2)

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a partial cross section of the outer periphery using a spacing member that has been brought into point contact. (Claim 5) (Example 1)

FIG. 15 is a partial perspective view of an outer peripheral portion using a spacing member that is in point contact. (Claim 5) (Example 2)

FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the outer periphery using a spacing member that is in point contact. (Claim 5) (Example 3)

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of one cell of expanded metal. (Claim 5) (Example 3)

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a partial cross section of an outer periphery using a spacing member sandwiching an elastic absorber. (Claim 6) (Example 1)

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a partial cross section of the outer periphery using a spacing member sandwiching an elastic absorber. (Claim 6) (Example 2)

FIG. 20 is a partial perspective view of an outer peripheral portion using a spacing member sandwiching an elastic absorber. (Claim 6) (Example 3)

FIG. 21 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the outer peripheral portion of the honeycomb core between which a spacing material is sandwiched. (Claim 7)

FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a vacuum body using a three-dimensional molded product as an airtight material. (Claim 8)

FIG. 23 is a sectional view of a vacuum body using a three-dimensional molded product as an airtight material. (Claim 8)

FIG. 24 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a joint.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vacuum body 2 Airtight material 3 Frame material 4 Vibration absorber 5 Pipe reinforcing material 6 Flat plate reinforcing material 7 Strip 8 Vacuum body 9 Airtight material 10 Frame material 11 Hemisphere shape 12 Airtight material 13 Airtight material 14 Frame material 15 Convex object 16 Notched portion 18 Through hole 26 Frame material 27 Wire mesh 28 Folded portion 31 Frame material 32 Pressure resistant material 33 Through hole 37 Airtight material 38 Frame material 39 Spacing material 40 Break 41 Standing piece 42 Covered spacing material 45 Spacing material 46 Wire 47 Rubber-like elastic body 49 Vacuum body 50 Airtight material 51 Frame material 52 Perforated plate 53 Spacing material 55 Wire 57 Spacing material 58 Through hole 59 Mesh 60 Spacer 61 Spacing material 62 Rising height 63 Vacuum body 64 Airtight material 65 Frame material 66 Through hole 68 Vibration absorber 69 Spacing material 70 Wire mesh 72 Vibration absorber 73 Septum mounting member 74 expanded metal 75 covering material 76 wire mesh 77 spacing holding member 78 vacuum body 79 airtight material 80 frame member 81 honeycomb core 82 wire mesh 83 spacing holding member 84 vacuum body 85 outside the airtight material 87 inside the airtight material 89 joining pieces

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A frame member provided substantially along the outer periphery of a vacuum body is overlapped with two members, a vibration absorber is sandwiched between the frame members, an opening surrounded by the frame member is sealed with an airtight material, and the inside is sealed. Vacuum sound insulation with vacuum. 2. A frame member provided substantially along the outer periphery of a vacuum body is overlapped with two frame members, and the frame members come into contact with each other in a dot-like or linear manner, and an opening surrounded by the frame material is sealed with an airtight material. Vacuum soundproof insulation that is sealed and evacuated. 3. A pressure-resistant material is joined to both sides of a frame material arranged substantially along the outer periphery of the vacuum body, an opening surrounded by the pressure-resistant material and the frame material is covered with an airtight material, and the inside is evacuated. Vacuum sound insulation. 4. A sealing material made of an airtight material is provided with a spacing member in which a plastic or rubber-like elastic material is coated on either a three-dimensional molded product of a perforated flat plate or a three-dimensional molded product of a mesh material, and the inside is evacuated. Vacuum sound insulation. 5. A three-dimensional molded product of a perforated flat plate, a mesh-like material, or a three-dimensional molded product of a mesh-like material is used as a spacing member in a sealed body made of an airtight material. Vacuum sound-insulating insulation material that is placed in contact with each other and has a vacuum inside. 6. A three-dimensional molded product of a perforated flat plate, a mesh-like material, and a three-dimensional molded product of a mesh-like material are used as a spacing member in a sealed body made of an airtight material, and a plurality of any of the spacing members is stacked. , A vacuum sound-insulating insulation material with a vacuum absorber inside, with a vibration absorber sandwiched between them. 7. A vacuum sound insulating and heat insulating material in which a vibration absorber or / and a spacing member holding a mesh-like material is interposed between two honeycomb cores in a sealed body made of an airtight material, and the inside is evacuated. 8. A three-dimensional molded article using a hard airtight material and provided with a joint at the end is disposed outside, and a three-dimensional molded article using a thin airtight material and having a joint at the end is disposed inside. A vacuum soundproof insulation material in which the joints of two molded articles are integrated and sealed, and the inside is evacuated.