JP2001051683A - Soundproof panel utilizing vacuum - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a soundproof panel of high soundproof performance by using a vacuum body for the soundproof material in the soundproof panel. SOLUTION: This soundproof panel 39 consists of the structure obtained by using the vacuum body 43 which reduces the transmission of vibrations by sounds by using various methods of increasing the attenuation of materials or between the materials, enhances sound shieldability and has also sound absorptivity in combination for the soundproof material of the soundproof panel 39, disposing a frame material 4 on the outer periphery of this vacuum body 43 and mounting any among poreless plates, perforated plates 41 and open surface materials, to both surfaces of this frame material 40.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a soundproofing wall for a building or ship, a soundproofing fitting for a building or a ship indoors, and a soundproofing wall for a road or a track outdoors.
It is used for soundproof panels installed around construction sites and industrial machinery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Soundproofing panels are used in various places with different shapes. The basic structure is that a perforated plate is provided on one side of a frame material arranged along the outer periphery of the vacuum panel, and a perforated plate is provided on the other side. Alternatively, a perforated plate is stretched, and a sound absorbing material such as glass wool is inserted into the frame material.

[0003] A typical soundproof wall for railways and roads is a panel in which the front of a case is a mesh or bridging opening plate, the back is a non-perforated plate, and glass wool is inserted inside. For buildings, soundproof panels are used as walls and doors of soundproof rooms such as piano rooms and audio rooms in houses, and as entrance doors to music halls. In both of these cases, glass wool is inserted between face plates with both sides of the soundproof panel having a non-perforated plate or a perforated plate.However, in order to achieve high sound insulation performance, a heavy material such as a lead plate is used inside the soundproof panel. Has been inserted.

[0004] However, these soundproofing panels do not have sufficient soundproofing performance, especially soundproofing performance, except when performance is most important. For example, the noise of railways and roads does not have sufficient performance as in many places that do not meet environmental standards, and is a social problem.

In a house, the weight of soundproof fittings is limited,
In many cases, the required sound insulation performance cannot be obtained with one fitting, and two soundproof fittings are used even if there are design restrictions or inconvenience in use. However, it is not enough performance. In broadcasting studios and music halls, it is necessary to satisfy soundproofing performance, so soundproofing panels with a corresponding structure are used. As a result, it is as large as a very heavy and thick door.

[0006] The reason for this is that, since the surface material that determines the sound insulation performance is in accordance with the mass rule proportional to the logarithmic ratio of the weight, only a slight improvement in performance can be obtained even if the weight is heavy. It is. Further, glass wool which affects sound absorption performance is a prerequisite that sound reflection is small. Therefore, even if it is thick, sound absorption performance is improved, but sound insulation performance is only a few decibels.

[0007] For these reasons, it is not easy to make the current soundproof panel have even higher sound insulation performance, a large-scale and complicated structure is required, and the thickness, weight and cost are increased. Therefore, in order to obtain a sound insulation panel having a thin thickness and a light weight and an unprecedented high performance, if the sound absorbing material can be provided with sound insulation performance, these problems are remarkably improved.

[0008]

The problem is that the sound absorbing material has almost no sound insulation performance.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to eliminate such a problem, the present invention uses a vacuum panel in a portion corresponding to a sound absorbing material by utilizing the fact that a vacuum does not transmit sound. When a vacuum panel receives a sound, the sound is transmitted through a material for forming a vacuum layer. However, most of the sound is radiated to a vacuum portion and the sound is not transmitted. Therefore, by using a vacuum panel as a soundproof panel, a high-performance soundproof panel can be manufactured regardless of weight or thickness.

[0010] The vacuum panel is provided with a frame member which bears all the atmospheric pressure load applied to the airtight material on the outer peripheral portion, and seals an opening between the frame materials to evacuate the inside, or a seal made of an airtight material. The inside of the body is provided with a spacing member for supporting an atmospheric pressure load, and the inside is evacuated.

[0011]

The materials used in the present invention and the joining method will be described. In the soundproof panel, the material of the frame material is mainly a metal or alloy such as iron, aluminum or stainless steel, a woody material such as wood or laminated wood, or a plastic. As for the shape, iron and stainless steel are mainly bent, and the cross section is generally U-shaped. Aluminum has various cross-sectional shapes by bending and extrusion molding for reinforcing the strength of the mold material, assembling, and attaching the surface material, etc., but is substantially U-shaped. Since the wood material is formed by cutting, the basic shape of the cross section is a rectangle or a rectangle with a groove for fitting a vacuum body.

As the material of the surface material, metal, wood, plastic, and ceramic materials are used. Metals are iron plates, aluminum plates, stainless steel plates, wood materials are plywood, wood fiber boards, particle boards, etc., plastic materials are polycarbonate plates, vinyl chloride plates, polyester plates, etc., and ceramic materials are calcium silicate plates, fiber reinforced. Others, such as cement boards and gypsum boards, use cloth for interior. As the shape, in addition to a non-perforated plate, a perforated plate, and an opening surface material, a metal or plastic material mainly woven or knitted with a mesh shape, a wire, or a fiber is used. In addition, as an opening surface material, there are an expanded metal, a wire mesh, a leaf plate having a slit-like opening, and the like.

[Claim 1] The basic structure of the soundproof panel is such that the surface material is arranged on both sides of a frame material provided along the outer periphery of the vacuum body as shown in FIGS. It is. The vacuum body is a specific example of claims 8, 9, 10, and 1 of the claims.
1, Claim 12, Claim 13, Claim 14, Claim 15
There is a vacuum body shown in.

The material is selected according to the surrounding environment in which it is installed. Regarding surface materials, non-perforated plates are used for sound insulation and attenuation of low-frequency sounds, perforated plates are used for attenuation of mid-range sounds and adjustment of sound absorption of sound fields, and open surface materials and cloth are used to absorb sound from vacuum bodies. Used to maximize the rate. As for the material, when it is used outdoors, metal is mainly used to emphasize water resistance, weather resistance, fire resistance and the like. Indoors, wood materials, plastics, cloths and other materials that emphasize design are mainly used.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which three types of soundproof walls are installed on a road or a track. In sound barriers on roads and tracks, there is almost no substitute for sound absorbing material such as planting on roads or tracks. Therefore, in the case of the soundproof wall 16 installed at the road end, both sound absorption and sound insulation are required, and a soundproof panel provided with a sound absorption material on the sound source side and a sound insulation material on the back surface is used.
The surface material used is an open surface material or mesh-like material that has little resistance to sound absorption and a non-perforated plate made of steel plate is used for the back surface.

More specifically, the soundproof wall 1 has a substantially inverted L-shape that is effective when the sound source is at a low position such as a track. An inverted L-shaped support 3 is embedded in a concrete wall 4 or fixed with bolts in accordance with the length of the soundproof panel 2, and the soundproof panel 2 is attached to the support. The soundproof panel 2 uses a mesh material 5 on the track side and a non-perforated plate 6 on the outside.
The strut combines an H-shaped steel into an inverted L-shape, and attaches a soundproof panel using an H-shaped steel flange. Note that the inner flange of the H-section steel in the vertical direction is cut off.

The soundproof wall 12 is an embodiment in which the soundproof wall 12 is used for a median strip. Since both sides of the soundproof wall 12 are sound sources, an open face material such as expanded metal is used on both surfaces. On both sides of a frame member arranged around the vacuum body, soundproof panels 13 in which a mesh material is integrated, and H-shaped steel members 15 arranged at intervals corresponding to the length of the soundproof panel 13 to form pillars, 1
The soundproof panel 13 is dropped into the groove portion 5 to form a wall surface.

The sound-insulating wall 16 is an embodiment used on the side wall of a road or a track.
The H-shaped steel 20 is arranged at intervals corresponding to the length of the soundproof panel 17 to be a support, and the mesh material 18 on the sound source side of the road and the non-perforated steel plate 19 on the non-sound source side are provided in the grooves of the H-shaped steel 20. The soundproof panel 17 is dropped to form a wall surface.

In buildings, there are many things that become sound absorbing materials, such as furniture, curtains, and people. Therefore, sound insulation panels used for walls, ceilings, and doors can be mainly configured to provide sound insulation. Therefore, a non-perforated plate or a perforated plate is used for the surface material, and a non-perforated plate is used for the back material. Sometimes the reverberation time of a room such as a music hall or audio room is adjusted to be short. In this case, a cloth is attached to the surface of the soundproof panel to use the soundproof panel with the maximum sound absorption.

[Claim 2] The present invention is directed to a soundproof panel 21 used for roads and tracks requiring sound absorption and sound insulation.
3 is provided. The structure of the case 22 is such that the upper and lower ends of a back plate made of a metal material are bent in the same direction, a cut is made in the front plate, and an opening face material 26 having a slit hole 25 press-formed into a ragged shape 24 is screwed. The side surfaces 7 are formed by bending the same member or attaching a side plate of another member to the back member by spot welding or bonding. In the vacuum panel, the central portion 28 of the back plate has an inwardly convex shape to prevent the case 22 from being twisted or deformed. The vacuum panel is fixed to the bent parts 30 and 30a by attaching parts 29 and 29a vertically.

Claim 3 FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a daylighting type slit soundproof wall 32 using a soundproof panel having an outer shape <type, and FIG. 5 is a sectional perspective view of a soundproof panel 33 used. This soundproof wall is arranged at the entrance of a tunnel or the like, and is used to alleviate the abrupt influence of wind on a running object and to attenuate sound from the sound source side to reduce sound to the back of the soundproof wall. In order to provide a high-performance sound-insulating wall, the sound-insulating panel is of a shape that is bent into a <shape, and reflects as much as possible between adjacent sound-insulating panels.

A soundproof panel 3 in which a vacuum panel 37 is inserted into a case in which a frame member 34 and welding meshes 35 and 35a are integrated.
3 are arranged at predetermined intervals, and a connection frame member 36 is provided around the soundproof panel to prevent the soundproof panel from falling or deforming due to wind or the like. The frame member 34 and the wire mesh 35 are firmly integrated by welding or the like, and support external force such as wind pressure on the vacuum panel. In order to improve the visibility, a soundproof panel in which horizontal I-shaped panels are arranged diagonally to the road is used.

The airtight material 38 of the vacuum panel 37 is optimally a plastic laminate of a metal foil which is a flexible and thin material so that the reflected sound is as small as possible. Use a thin metal plate. One vacuum panel 37 is used in the form of a <type, or two vacuum panels 37 are joined at a bent portion. The connection frame member 36 and the soundproof panel 33 are firmly integrated so as not to be deformed or fall down due to vibration or wind.

Claim 4 FIG. 6 is an external view of a soundproof panel used for walls, ceilings, and fittings of a building made of a wooden material. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a part of the inside. A state in which a vacuum member 43 is inserted into a frame member 40 made of wood having a grooved portion where a vacuum member is fitted around four sides, using a plate member 41 having a hole 42 penetrating the material into a surface member 41. . The surface material 41 is integrated with the frame material 40 with an adhesive. When assembling the frame member 40, the vacuum body 43 is integrated by applying an adhesive to the groove.

FIG. 8 shows a metal non-perforated plate 4 mounted on a metal inner frame 45 having a U-shaped cross section and attached around a vacuum body 46.
7 as a surface material, and an outer frame 48 is provided on the entire outer periphery of the integrated body of the inner frame 45 and the surface material 47. Since the outer frame 48 is a decorative material, it is used when design is important such as a door, but is unnecessary when used for a sound insulation wall at a construction site.

FIG. 9A is an external view of the soundproof door 50, showing the case where a lock for opening and closing is provided.
Shows an example of a frame material and an internal frame. When the door 50 has the lever lock 51, a plate 56 for mounting the internal device of the lever lock 51 and frame members 57 and 57a for fixing the plate are attached to the upper and lower sides of the plate 56 as shown in FIG. The ends are joined to the frames 58, 58a. Therefore, for each space separated by the frame material, the vacuum bodies 59, 59
a, 59b are arranged without a gap. One piece of the hinge 53 that supports and rotates the door is attached to the upper and lower portions of the vertical frame 58a, and the other piece is attached to the door frame that supports the door.

FIG. 9B shows a case where a hinge 54 used for a heavy soundproof door is used. Hinge 54, 54a
Is embedded and attached to one end of the upper frame 60 and the lower frame 61, and a rotating reception object is embedded and supported on the building side. When the handle is fixed without rotating, the inner frame 63 is provided at a position where the bending of the face material is within an allowable range, and the frame members 60, 61, 62 and the inner frame material 63 are used as shown in FIG. Vacuum panels 64, 64a are provided in the divided spaces. When a high-performance soundproof door is used, a plurality of vacuum panels are provided in the frame material with a gap provided.

FIG. 11 shows a soundproof sliding door 66. Door wheels 68, 68a are attached to the left and right sides of the lower frame 67 of the sliding door 66 in a semi-embedded state. FIG. 12 shows a hanger type soundproof sliding door 70. A sliding door 72 is provided above an arm plate 71 attached to the left and right of the upper frame of the sliding door 70, and runs on a hanger rail 73. The soundproof sliding door 6 shown in FIGS.
6, 67 cuts the vertical frame together and attaches the pull handles 69, 69a. In addition, by using a water-resistant material for the members to be used, such as the frame material and the surface material, it is used as a soundproof shutter.

FIG. 13 shows a fixed soundproof panel wall 74.
The lower frame of the soundproof panel wall 74 is fixed to the floor by a fixing bracket 75, and the upper frame is fixed to the ceiling or a down wall by a fixing bracket 76. In the case of the temporary installation type, the fall prevention metal is attached to the lower frame of the soundproof panel, or the soundproof panel is raised while joining the vertical frames of the adjacent soundproof panel walls.

[Claim 5] FIG. 14 is a view showing a fitting with a ventilation port, and FIG. 15 is a sectional view thereof. If a ventilation opening is provided at the same position on the front and back of the fitting, sound insulation is lost.
The bodies 79, 79a are arranged with a gap therebetween. The vacuum body 79 is provided with openings 80, 80a at the bottom, the vacuum body 79a is provided with openings 80, 80a at the top, and the surface members 81, 81a are also provided with vacuum bodies 79, 79a.
This is a soundproof fitting provided with apertures 82, 82a at substantially the same position as a, so that air moves between two vacuum bodies 79, 79a. Ventilation frames for ventilation are attached to the openings 82, 82a of the surface material.

As shown in FIG. 15 (a), the ventilation port
Open it in one part, or as shown in FIG.
The length of 3a may be slightly shortened, and gaps 85, 85a may be provided between the upper and lower frame members 84, 84a. Make-up blinds will be provided at the ventilation openings on the front and back surfaces. In the structure of the fitting, a frame material cannot be provided in the middle, so that when the handle rotates, the width of the vertical frame is made of a material having a large dimension. The hinge is in accordance with claim 3. On the back side of the surface materials 81, 81a, 86, 86a, bars 88, 88a, 88b are provided at positions corresponding to the prevention of bending of the surface materials and the sound absorption frequency.

[Claim 6] FIG. 16 shows a soundproof panel having a wall 91, a ceiling 92, and doors 93 and 9.
4. This is an embodiment of a soundproof room 90 used for sliding doors and installed in a building assembled using assembled parts 96, 96a, 96b at the intersection of soundproof panels. The drawing is drawn assuming a size of a plane of 3.6 × 4.5 m and a ceiling height of about 2.3 m. On the left side, a hanger-type soundproof sliding door 99 that overlaps the window 97 and the soundproof panel 98, which is arranged in accordance with the position of the building window, and slides in front of the window so as to temporarily improve the soundproof performance of the window. There is.

The front wall has a soundproof panel 91 and a soundproof door 94 with a ventilation opening, and the right wall has a soundproof panel 91a and a soundproof door 9.
3. On the soundproof door 93, a soundproof panel 100 is provided in a small wall portion from the door to the ceiling. On the opposite side wall surface, there is a sound field adjusting panel 102 in which the soundproofing panels 101 are arranged on one surface, and the surface of the soundproofing panel for adjusting the reverberation time so as to attach to the soundproofing panel 101 is cross-faced. Floor 103
The ceiling 92 is provided with soundproof panels.

Each member has dimensions unified into several types.
The joints are joined using members 96, 96a, 96b having a substantially mouth-shaped cross section. To fix the ceiling panel, a key point is fixed from the structural part of the building with the hanging tool 104. The surface material of the soundproof panel is
Wood boards or gypsum boards are mainly used for floors and walls and ceilings.

[Claim 7] FIG. 17 is an external perspective view showing a state where a panel door is partially opened, and FIG.
8 is a vertical sectional view. The structure is such that the outer peripheral frame member 108 having the non-perforated plate 107 joined and integrated on the back surface is extended forward,
A cloth 111 for makeup is provided on the front surface of the panel 10, and three panel doors 112, 113, 114 made of a non-perforated plate are arranged in front of the cloth 111 so that the panel doors 112, 113 are vertically slid. A panel door 114 made of a non-perforated plate is fixed to the lowermost stage.

The sliding groove 1 is provided inside the vertical frame 108a.
The panel doors 112 and 113 move up and down in this portion. When it is opened to the maximum, it can be lowered until the height is almost equal to the fixed panel door 114, and can be stopped at an intermediate height if necessary. If you want to stop halfway,
The movable pin 115 at the bottom of the panel door is inserted into the vertical frame.

[About the material used for the vacuum body and the joining method] As the airtight material, a material having no gas permeation is used.
Generally, stainless steel, iron,
Plastic laminates of thin metal sheets such as aluminum, vibration damping steel sheets, amorphous alloy sheets, metal foils such as copper and aluminum, and fiber laminates such as carbon fiber and high-strength plastic films with low elongation are used for the laminates. An integrated composite material, a composite material obtained by integrating a metal foil with a hard plastic or a wooden board, or the like is used.

As the material used for the frame material, a material obtained by hardening a high-strength fiber material such as metal, plastic, carbon fiber or glass fiber with a resin is used.

When it is difficult to support an atmospheric pressure load only with an airtight material, the pressure-resistant material is used by being joined to a frame material. As the material, a material obtained by hardening a high-strength fiber material such as metal, plastic, carbon fiber, or glass fiber with a resin is used. The shape is a mesh or a band.

Examples of the mesh-like pressure-resistant material include a wire mesh formed by assembling wires, and an expanded metal formed by slitting a sheet material and stretching it to form a mesh. Specific examples of the shape include wire meshes represented by Japanese Industrial Standards G3552 and G3553, expanded metal of the same standard G3351, wirelases of the same standard A5504, and A550 of the same standard.
5, three-dimensional molded products such as metal laths such as cobras, corrugated laths and rib laths. The wire mesh or expanded metal may be used by bending or pressing into a mountain shape, a substantially circular or truncated pyramid shape, a substantially hemispherical shape, or the like.

The net-shaped three-dimensional molded product is a molded product made of a plastic material and having a thickness of about 1 mm continuously extruded in an arbitrary direction so that the wires are intertwined with each other to make the entire thickness constant. As the vibration absorber, a rubber-like elastic material, plastic, wood, high-density glass wool, or the like is used alone or in a layered manner. When a gas-permeable material is used in a place where it comes into contact with the outside air, it is covered with an airtight material such as an aluminum foil so as to prevent gas from entering a vacuum portion.

Since there is a difference in vibration absorption depending on the material in the plus check, a material having a large vibration loss coefficient such as polyethylene, polyurethane or reinforced polyester is used. The wood material is a soft tree typified by cork. The reason why these absorbing materials are used repeatedly is that there is a difference in the vibration damping frequency depending on the material, and that when the materials are stacked, the attenuation becomes larger than when used alone. As a rough example, the vibration damping frequency is 5 to 300 Hz for rubber and 50 to 700 Hz for cork.

When it is difficult to support an atmospheric pressure load using only the airtight material, the spacing material is disposed between the opposing airtight materials. The material may be a molded product of metal, plastic, paper, carbon fiber, or the like, and the shape may be a mesh shape, a perforated flat plate or a three-dimensional molded product of a mesh material, a honeycomb core, or a net-shaped three-dimensional molded product.

As the rubber-like elastic body, rubber, plastic, or a foam, a gel-like substance, a visco-elastic adhesive, or the like thereof is used.

If the vibration absorber contains components such as an oil component and a stabilizer which diffuse into a vacuum, a rubber-like elastic body is previously placed in a vacuum to remove by evaporation or metal. A rubber-like elastic body is covered with a flexible airtight material such as a foil plastic laminate material. When coating a material having an opening such as a mesh material, the periphery of each mesh material is heat-sealed to form a sealed body, and a central portion of the mesh opening is cut off.
An opening penetrating the front and back is provided.

The degree of vacuum is a medium vacuum region of 10 ^-2 Pascal or less. For vacuum evacuation, use parts that can be easily cut and sealed when providing a vacuum evacuation hole in a hard material, and if the hole is in a soft hermetic material, use parts that are cut and sealed or between hermetically sealed airtight materials. During the process of pulling out the vacuum evacuation nozzle from the vacuum evacuation hole of the unwelded portion, both sides of the airtight material in the pulled out portion are pressed and thermally welded.

About the sealing method. When the airtight material and the frame material are both metal, welding, brazing, or bonding is used. When the joining surface is made of metal and nonmetal, the bonding or heat welding method is used. The joining of the airtight material and the airtight material is performed by brazing or bonding in the case of a thin metal plate, and by heat welding in the case of a laminated material.

[Claim 8] This claim concentrates the transmission path of the vibration on the outer peripheral portion, and at the same time, inserts a rubber-like elastic body between the frame members to absorb the vibration and to disperse the sound from the sound receiving surface. This is a method of reducing the transmission of vibration between them.

FIG. 19 shows the appearance of the vacuum body 121, and FIG.
0 is a perspective view showing a part of the inside. In FIG. 20A, two blocks, which are integrated while maintaining the airtightness of an airtight material 122 and a frame material 123 disposed along the outer periphery of the airtight material 122, are opposed to each other so that the frame materials 123 and 123a face each other. Then, a vibration absorber 4 in which rubber and a plastic plate are laminated without any gap is arranged, pressed and sealed, and the inside is evacuated.

The airtight member 122 is made of a material having four circumferences integrated with the frame member 123 and having a tensile force that allows deformation within an allowable range with respect to an atmospheric pressure of 1 kg / cm ² and a load during use. Therefore, as the area of the vacuum body increases,
An airtight material 122 having a high tensile strength is used because the bending becomes large. When the airtight member 122 is a hard material and the deflection is large, the shape of the central portion may be deformed into an uneven shape to serve as a reinforcing rib. If it exceeds the allowable range, as shown in FIG.
3 and an end is joined to the frame member 123 to form an airtight material 122.
And reduce deformation.

The frame member 123 is subjected to an inwardly deforming force by the load of the airtight member 122 due to the atmospheric pressure.
Use a material, material thickness, and cross-sectional shape having a cross-sectional performance that can withstand this. The force acting on the frame member 123 is large,
If a large cross section of the frame member 123 is required or the bending becomes too large, pipes 125 and 125a are used as reinforcing members between the frame members 123, and flat plates 126 are integrated at the corners by welding or bonding. . As another method, a cross-girder shaped product having a thickness that does not come into contact with the airtight material is used as the frame material 1.
23 may be inserted all over the inside.

Further, since the vibration of the frame member 123 is smaller than that of the hermetic member 122, the found area on the sound receiving side is made as small as possible, and the joining strength is required to be integrated with the hermetic member 122. Therefore, in order to obtain a predetermined cross-sectional performance, the cross-section of the frame member 123 is substantially L-shaped, and the outside is a small bent piece and the inside is a large bent piece.

The thickness of the vacuum layer is set to the height of the frame material such that when the airtight material 122 is pressed inward by the atmospheric pressure, the front and rear airtight materials 122 and 122a do not contact each other. When an opening for piping or equipment is provided in a part of the vacuum body, the frame material is integrated with the airtight material around the opening in the same way as the outer peripheral part, and the vibration absorber is sandwiched between the frame materials. And seal.

In FIGS. 19 and 20A, the frame member 123 is inside the airtight member 122, that is, inside the vacuum body 121.
The airtight member 122 is disposed inside the frame member 123 so that the vacuum body 121 is provided.
Outside. When fire resistance and oil resistance are required, the entire vibration absorber 124 is covered with a metal foil, or the space between the frame members 123 and 123a is covered with a thin metal plate.
Also, as shown in FIG. 20 (b), the vibration absorber is made into small pieces 124a, arranged at intervals where the bending of the frame member 123 does not occur, and the airtight material 122b is extended to the outside of the frame members 123, 123a. The hermetic members 122b and 122c may be joined and sealed.

[Claim 9] This claim utilizes the fact that when the vibration is transmitted to another member, a large vibration attenuation is obtained when the cross section changes suddenly, and the vibration is transmitted between the sound receiving surface and the radiating sound surface. This is a method of reducing vibration transmission.

FIG. 22 is an external view of the vacuum body 128, and FIG. 23 is a partial sectional perspective view of the outer peripheral portion. Frame material 130, 130a
Is a metal processed product having a substantially L-shaped cross section. The frame member 130 is press-formed into a hemispherical shape 131 at a predetermined interval on a side facing the frame member 130a. This frame material 130 and frame material 1
An airtight material is integrated with the outer surface of 30a and the outer periphery is aligned and stacked. In this state, the frame member 130 and the frame member 130a are in point-like contact, and several points of the contact points are joined by bonding. A gap is generated between the frame member 130 and the frame member 130a due to the height of the hemispherical shape 131.
It is attached by brazing or bonding from the outside of 130a and sealed, and frame members 130, 130a or airtight materials 129, 129
After vacuum evacuation is performed from the vacuum evacuation hole component provided in a, a sealing body is cut to form a vacuum body.

FIG. 24 shows a case where an extrusion molding material such as aluminum is used as the material of the frame material. Since the frame member 134 has a continuous convex 135 formed on the side facing the frame member 134b and the cross-sectional shape of the frame members 134 and 134a is box-shaped, the outer seal for sealing is formed. When the material 137 is attached, the space between the convex 135 and the outer sealing material 137 and the frame 1
Since it is impossible to evacuate the inside of the projections 34 and 134a,
5 and the frame members 134, 134a
36 and through holes 138 and 138a.

FIG. 25 shows another example of a point-like contact. Cut upright piece 140 into frame material 139 on one side,
A hole 142 is provided at a position opposite to the frame member 139 so that the tip of the standing piece 140 can be inserted halfway.
To form a point-like contact. In addition, a molded product in which, for example, a hemisphere, a weight, and a columnar protrusion having a triangular or semicircular cross section are provided at predetermined intervals on a strip plate, the contact surface of which is a point or a line without processing the frame material. Alternatively, a cut product may be provided in a strip-shaped metal plate, and a molded product in which the cut product is erected may be sandwiched between frame members.

[Claim 10] This claim supports the airtight material when the spacing between the frame materials is wide, the force acting on the airtight material is large, and it is difficult to support the atmospheric pressure load using only the airtight material. In this method, a pressure-resistant material is provided on the back surface of the airtight material.

FIG. 26 is a plan view showing the external appearance and a part of the inside when a wire mesh material 147 is used as a pressure-resistant material on both sides of a frame material according to the first embodiment. FIG. 27 is a partial cross-sectional enlarged view. The pressure-resistant material 147 is integrated with the frame material 146 and covered with the airtight material 145, and the inside of the airtight material 145 is hermetically sealed to evacuate the inside.

The frame member 146 shown in FIG. 27 is obtained by bending a metal plate, and is substantially U-shaped. The joint between the airtight material joint 148 at the end and the pressure-resistant material 147 is
5 is bent at the end for smooth joining. Joint 1
48 and the pressure-resistant material 147 are different in height,
9 to be integrated. Frame material 12 having such a cross-sectional shape
9 is joined to the inside of the bent portion, and the airtight material 145 is joined to the joint 148 so as to be airtight.
The inside is evacuated from the evacuation parts provided on the frame member 146 or the airtight member 145 and cut off. Since the wire meshes 147 and 147a, which are pressure-resistant materials, have different vertical and horizontal wire diameter heights, the end 147a in one direction is bent to have the same vertical and horizontal height.

FIG. 28 is a plan view showing the external appearance and a part of the inside when a flexible material is used for the pressure-resistant material in the second embodiment. FIG. 29 is a partial sectional view of the frame member. Pressure resistant material 152
For example, carbon fiber or a thin metal plate in a belt shape is used. A pressure-resistant material 152 having a width of about 10 mm is wound around the frame material 151 at an interval of several centimeters, the pressure-resistant material 152 and the frame material 151 are integrated by bonding or welding, and the whole is covered with the airtight material 150. It is sealed and the inside is evacuated.

The cross-sectional shape of the frame member 151 is triangular in order to reduce the contact area with the sound receiving surface. The space formed between the frame material 151 and the airtight material 150 is made smooth with plastic or the like that hardens after application. Airtight material 151 is frame material 151
To the outer side 154 and join and seal. Frame material 1
At 51, the atmospheric pressure load applied to the airtight material 150 is applied to the airtight material 15.
0 and the pressure-resistant material 152 all act, so that a frame reinforcing material 152 is provided between the frame materials 151 as needed to prevent the frame material from being deformed. In addition, the frame material 151 and the frame reinforcing material 1
In order to evacuate the cross-sectional space of 55, through holes 15
3 is provided. In addition, the space | interval of the frame material 151 is large,
When 0, 150a is bent beyond the allowable range, the spacing member 155a is inserted between the pressure-resistant materials.

[Claim 11] In the present invention, a spacing member made of a hard material coated with a plastic or rubber-like elastic body is provided between the hermetic materials so that the space between the opposing hermetic materials is maintained. This is a method in which a vacuum layer is formed to reduce the transmission of vibration between the sound receiving surface and the diffused sound surface. FIG. 22 is an external view of one embodiment. 30 and 31 are partial cross-sectional perspective views of the outer peripheral portion. In a frame member 158 having a U-shaped cross section disposed along the outer periphery of the vacuum body 156, a spacing member 159 having substantially the same height as the frame member 158 is provided, and airtight members 157, 157a are provided.
And the frame member 158 are integrated and sealed, and the inside is evacuated.

In the first embodiment, in FIG. 30, the spacing member 159 is a flat plate made of a metal material, and the U-shaped cuts 160 are formed at predetermined intervals on the flat plate, and the U-shaped portions are erected on both sides to form upright pieces 161 and 161a. Is formed, and the molded plate is immersed in a molten plastic or rubber-like elastic material to form a coating 16.
4,164a adhered to the entire surface and solidified. The edge of the spacing member 159 is partially bent up and down 163 at a height in contact with the inside of the frame member 158, and it is only necessary to fit it in the assembly. The frame member 158 only needs to have an atmospheric load applied to the hermetic member 157 between the upright pieces 162 in the first row from the edge and a strength sufficient to prevent deformation during mounting or transportation.

FIG. 31 shows the spacing member 1 according to the second embodiment.
Reference numeral 65 shows an embodiment in which a three-dimensional molded product of a mesh material is used. A wire 166 braided in a mesh is continuously bent in a V-shape, immersed in a molten plastic or rubber-like elastic body, solidified and coated 167. A bent portion 168 at the edge of the spacing member 165 is inscribed in the frame member 158 and fixed by bonding. The spacing between the convex portions of the spacing member 165 is arranged such that the deflection of the hermetic material due to the atmospheric pressure load is within an allowable range. Since a load is applied to the plastic or rubber-like elastic body only for the convex spacing of the spacing member 165, the hardness can be set to a good value for absorbing vibration.

[Claim 12] In this claim, an airtight material is formed by using a folded or molded flat plate having openings and a mesh-like material having a hole as a spacing member, so that the contacts are pointed or linear. In this method, the sound transmission between the sound receiving surface and the radiating sound surface is reduced.

FIG. 22 is an external view of the embodiment. FIG.
2, 33, 34 and 35 are partial cross-sectional perspective views of the outer peripheral portion. FIGS. 32, 33, and 34 show examples of using a plurality of spacing members. When used alone, a flat plate is bent, or a three-dimensional molded product in which standing pieces are provided on a plate as shown in FIG. 31 is used for the material, and the same bending is used for the expanded metal, and a three-dimensional molded product pressed into a hemisphere or a frustum shape is used. In the frame member 171 having a U-shaped cross section disposed along the outer circumference of the vacuum body 169, a spacing member having substantially the same height is provided, and the surroundings of the airtight members 170 and 170a are accommodated in the frame member 171 and a part thereof is placed. It is glued, sealed and evacuated. The edge of the spacing member is inserted into a frame member 171 having a U-shaped cross section and fixed by bonding or the like.

FIG. 31 shows a perforated flat plate 172 made of a hard material, which is continuously bent at equal heights so that peaks and valleys are alternately arranged, and overlaps such that the bent ridge lines intersect. The spacing member 173 is used. The flat plate is provided with a through hole 174 in each bent piece.

FIG. 33 shows that the wire 175 of the wire mesh is used as the ridgeline 176 and the height is made uniform and the peaks and valleys are alternately bent.
76 are arranged so as to intersect with each other so as to form a spacing member 177.

Regarding the third embodiment, FIG.
A spacer 180 is sandwiched between two mesh members 179 and 179a having a size surrounded by 71 to form a spacing member 181. The meshes 179 and 179a are expanded metal, and the spacer 180 is a V-shaped plate having a hole 178 disposed at an interval such that the meshes 179 and 179a are within a bending range of a set dimension. The spacer 180 is formed by bending an extruded material or a flat plate of aluminum or plastic and has a V-shaped cross section, an X-shaped cross section, a circular cross section, and the like.
9, 179a is a point-like contact.

When a flexible thin film is used as an airtight material, the meshes 179, 179a are bent or pressed with a press so that the airtight material that flexes inward at the opening of the mesh does not contact the spacer. As shown in FIG. 34 (b), the expanded metal has a wide cut-in width and a large rise height 182 is used.

FIG. 35 is a partial sectional perspective view of the outer peripheral portion of the fourth embodiment. An expanded metal bent to approximately the same height as the frame member 185 is disposed in a frame member 185 having a U-shaped cross section disposed along the outer periphery of the vacuum body 183, and is housed in the surrounding frame member 185 for sealing. The inside is evacuated.

The method of sealing shows a case where a portion 189 where the airtight material 186 is extended to the outside of the frame material 185 is bonded or thermally welded. The expanded metal 187 is continuously bent in accordance with the height of the groove of the frame member 185 so that peaks and valleys alternate. The mesh 188 is formed by making a cut in the metal plate except for the bent portion and stretching it.
In the drawing, a two-dot chain line 190 indicates a depression in the vacuum body due to an atmospheric pressure load when a flexible material is used as the airtight material.

[Claim 13] This claim absorbs vibration by sandwiching a vibration absorber between pressure-resistant materials disposed inside the airtight material, and reduces vibration transmission from the sound receiving surface to the radiating sound surface. How to FIG. 22 is an external view of the embodiment.
36, 37, and 38 are partial sectional perspective views of the outer peripheral portion. In the frame member 195 having a U-shaped cross section disposed along the outer periphery of the vacuum body 193, a spacing member having substantially the same height as the frame member 195 is provided, and the space holding member is placed in the frame member 195 around the airtight member 194. , Several places are fastened, sealed, and the inside is evacuated.

FIG. 36 shows a through-hole 196 in a flat plate made of a hard material, which is bent so that a mountain portion and a flat portion are alternately arranged, so that the flat portion 197 and the flat portion 197a face each other. In the meantime, the vibration absorber 198 is sandwiched to form the spacing member 199 by being perpendicular to the direction of the mountain,
It is arranged on the inner surface of. Note that the bent material may be an extruded product.

In the second embodiment, FIG. 37 shows that a small piece of the vibration absorber 204 is held at a predetermined interval between the intersections where the intersections of the wires of the wire meshes 202 and 202a are opposed to each other. It is what it was.
In the figure, the spacing members are independent, but a connecting member having a cross section that does not contact the wire mesh and integrated with the spacing members may be used.

FIG. 38 shows a third embodiment of the present invention in which a wire mesh 208 having a plastic or rubber-like elastic body 207 coated between expanded metals 202 and 202a is sandwiched between expanded metals 194 and 194a to form a spacing material 204. It is arranged between the frame members 185.

In order to facilitate the movement of air during evacuation, the rising height of the expanded metals 202 and 202a is increased so that the gap between the wire mesh covering material 207 and the airtight material 194 is increased. As another method, an expanded metal having a corrugated shape or a hemispherical shape formed by pressing on the entire expanded metal is used.

[Claim 14] In this claim, when the honeycomb core is used as a spacing member by overlapping, a vibration absorber or a mesh-like material is sandwiched between the honeycomb cores so as to absorb the vibrations or the number of point-like contacts. In this method, the transmission of vibration between the sound receiving surface and the diffused sound surface is reduced by reducing the number of vibrations.

FIG. 22 is an external view of the embodiment. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of an outer peripheral portion. A frame member 21 is provided in a frame member 212 having a U-shaped cross section disposed along the outer periphery of the vacuum body 210.
2. Honeycomb core 21 superimposed at approximately the same height as 2
A wire mesh 214 is arranged between 3, 213a,
The periphery of the airtight material 211 is joined to the frame material 212 to be integrated,
It is sealed and the inside is evacuated.

FIG. 22 is an external view of the "claim 15" embodiment. FIG. 40 is a partial sectional perspective view of the outer peripheral portion. An external air blocking material 218 disposed along the outer periphery of the vacuum body 216 between the airtight materials, and small pieces 219 are disposed at predetermined intervals and sealed.
The inside is evacuated. As the airtight material 217, a hard material is used to maintain the outer shape. When the strength is insufficient only with the airtight material, a wooden board, a plastic board, a ceramic board, etc. are used integrally.

The small piece 219 is formed integrally with the hermetic material 217 by providing a convex portion, and when the small piece 219 is formed separately from the hermetic material 217.
9 may be provided. As a method of molding integrally,
In the case of a metal plate, a convex portion is formed by pressing, in the case of plastic, injection molding is performed, and in the case of FRP, spraying is performed on a mold.

If the material of the small piece 219 has a specific frequency for soundproofing, a material that absorbs the frequency well is selected and used. The shape is such that the smaller the area of the contact portion with the airtight material 217 is, the larger the vibration damping is. Therefore, at least the contact portion on one side of the small piece 219 is in contact with the airtight material 217 and the small piece 2
The size is set so that the deformation of No. 19 is within an allowable range. More specifically, the cross section may be a cone shape or a column shape, or may be a spherical shape when used as another member.

[0085]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the soundproofing material utilizing a vacuum has a performance that cannot be obtained with the conventional soundproofing material as described below, since a layer without air is provided in the sound transmission path. Sound insulation and sound absorption can be performed at the same time, thickness is not affected, high sound insulation and sound absorption effects can be obtained even with light weight, and high sound insulation performance can be obtained even at low frequencies.

Among these, the most relevant to the sound insulation performance is that sound insulation and sound absorption can be performed simultaneously. Since the conventional sound insulating material is based on the mass rule, the sound insulating performance is improved in proportion to the weight, but, on the contrary, the sound absorbing performance is reduced as the surface reflected sound increases. On the other hand, since the vacuum soundproofing material uses a thin or lightweight material for the airtight material on the surface, there is little sound reflected on the surface. Most of the remaining sound is converted into absorption and vibration of the hermetic material itself.

The vibration of the hermetic material is divided into radiation of the hermetic material into a vacuum and transmission to the support material. Energy is dissipated into a vacuum by vibrating the air if there is air on the back side and transmitting it as sound, but no sound is transmitted because there is no air. This phenomenon is that sound insulation and sound absorption can be performed simultaneously. Therefore, the transmission of the airtight material to the support material is the only factor that affects the sound insulation performance.

Regarding the surface material, the absorption frequency of the non-perforated plate used on the sound source side differs depending on the size and hardness of the plate, but when the size exceeds a certain size, the plate vibrates and the sound in the low frequency range is well absorbed. I do. It is also known that a perforated plate having an aperture of about 10% absorbs sound in the mid-range well. Sound is almost transmitted through the mesh material and the cloth. Therefore, when sound insulation of a sound of a specific frequency is required, a face material matching the frequency of the sound is used as a sound receiving side material.

In the soundproof panel having such a surface material, since the vacuum body has both sound absorbing and sound insulating properties, the conventional sound absorbing layer alone can maintain the sound absorbing performance, while maintaining the sound absorbing performance. Will have a double sound insulation layer. In addition, the gap formed between the vacuum body and the non-perforated plate on the back surface absorbs the reflected sound generated between them, so that the vacuum body absorbs the reflected sound.

[Claim 2] By integrally molding the frame material and the non-perforated plate, the production efficiency of the soundproof panel is improved. The reason why the surface material of the soundproof panel is in the form of a gully with an opening is to improve sound absorption and to use an airtight material such as a metal foil plastic laminate.
This is in consideration of deterioration due to direct sunlight.

[Claim 3] The soundproof panel is disposed obliquely with respect to the road, and is a folded soundproof panel that is bent into a <shape. After a part of the incident sound is absorbed by the vacuum body, it becomes a reflected sound with the same incident angle and reflection angle,
The incident sound is transmitted to the adjacent soundproof panel. Therefore, the greater the number of repetitions, the higher the sound insulation of the soundproof wall.
In addition, since the soundproof panel has a bent portion, the number of times of input / reflection increases, the absorption of sound components increases, and the sound insulation of the soundproof wall is improved.

[Claim 4] Since sound insulation is performed at each part of the surface material of the fitting, the vacuum body, and the back material of the fitting and the sound is absorbed by the vacuum body, compared with the conventional soundproof fitting that mainly absorbs sound by glass wool, The increased number of sound insulation layers results in soundproof fittings with high sound insulation performance.

(Claim 5) Without reducing the soundproofing performance,
It is a soundproof door with air supply and exhaust ports for smooth opening and closing of the door of the soundproof room with high airtightness and ventilation of the room. Ventilation openings are on the top and bottom of the fittings, and the sound is the same as the air flow 2
It passes between two vacuum bodies. At this time, the sound travels from the inlet to the outlet while being repeatedly reflected between the vacuum bodies. However, the sound is attenuated because the vacuum body absorbs the light each time the reflection is repeated. In addition, the sound insulation between the front and back of the fitting is sound-absorbing and sound-insulating by two vacuum bodies, so that even if there is a ventilation opening, the soundproof fitting has a high performance.

[Claim 6] A soundproof room in which a soundproof panel, a soundproof fitting, a window, and the like are integrated by connecting parts arranged at floor, wall, and ceiling corners, and assembled into a structure of a building or a ship. Since the soundproof panel and the soundproof fitting have dimensions based on the module, they are easy to assemble, and in a short time, a soundproof room with high soundproof performance and high quality and little variation in performance can be easily made.

[Claim 7] The reverberation time that can be heard easily differs depending on the music. For example, when comparing jazz and church music, jazz requires shorter time. When listening to various kinds of music in one audio room, it is necessary to set a reverberation time suitable for the music. In such a case, a sound field adjustment panel is used as a device for changing the sound absorption coefficient. In front of the vacuum body that is the sound absorbing material, there is a cloth as a decorative material, in front of which there is a panel made of a non-perforated plate, and by moving up and down, the area ratio between sound absorption and reflected sound changes. I have.

Therefore, when the reverberation time is shortened, a non-perforated plate is overlapped to minimize the area so that the vacuum body absorbs sound, and when the reverberation time is long, the reflected sound is increased by maximizing the non-perforated plate area. By adjusting this area ratio to the reverberation time appropriate for the song, music can be comfortably heard. In the figure, the soundproof panel is used while being superposed on the soundproof panel wall, but may be used as a soundproof panel wall.

"Effects Common to Each Claim of Vacuum Body" When the airtight material of the vacuum body receives sound, there are three types of sound: surface reflected sound, sound radiated to the back of the airtight material, and vibration of the airtight material itself. Energy separates. Among them, the sound radiated to the back surface of the airtight material is not transmitted at all because it is radiated into the vacuum. Therefore, only the vibration of the airtight material is applied to the radiation surface on the back surface of the vacuum body. When the airtight material is, for example, a metal foil plastic laminate material that is a thin and lightweight material, sound transmission to the sound receiving side rear surface is large over a wide range of frequencies, and surface reflected sound and vibration transmission are small. Conversely, when a heavy metal plate is used for the hermetic material, the surface reflected sound and vibration transmission increase, and the noise radiated to the back surface of the hermetic material decreases.

[Claim 8] Vibrations generated by receiving sound from the airtight material are transmitted to the sound receiving side airtight material / frame material, the vibration absorber, the dissipating side frame material / airtight material, and are radiated again as sound. You. At this time, since the vibration absorber is a material that easily undergoes molecular vibration, the molecule vibrates greatly and converts much into thermal energy. The vibration is absorbed and transmitted to the radiation side frame material and airtight material. Due to this vibration absorption, a small sound is emitted from the airtight material.

The sound is transmitted to the back surface of the vacuum body by the vibration transmission as described above. However, the airtight material is fixed only at the outer peripheral portion, and the amount of energy radiated from the back surface of the airtight material into the vacuum is large, and the vibration is easily vibrated. That the energy absorption of the airtight material is large and the amount of vibration transmitted to the frame material is small, that the sound receiving area of the frame material is small, that there is vibration absorption by the vibration absorber,
The radiation-side airtight material is easily vibrated only by fixing to the periphery and easily absorbs energy, so that a high-performance soundproof material can be obtained.

When the airtight material is held by the pressure-resistant material shown in FIG. 21, the vibration of the airtight material is suppressed, but the noise radiated from the pressure-resistant material portion to the back surface and the surface reflected sound are increased.
High soundproofing performance is obtained.

[Claim 9] Vibrations transmitted from the sound-receiving-side airtight material to the frame material are transmitted to the radiation-side frame material only from the projecting members whose contact points are provided at intervals such that the bending of the frame material is within an allowable range. Is transmitted. It has been mathematically known that the attenuation of the longitudinal wave due to a sudden change in the cross-sectional area is obtained by the following equation (1).

[0102] "Equation 1" ^{L = 10LOG (α -0.5 + α} 0.5) 2 -6 L: Attenuation alpha: rate of change in cross-sectional area

From this equation, the rate of change of the cross-sectional area is, for example, 1
In the case of 1/000, about 24 dB is obtained, and in the case of 1: 5000, about 49 dB of attenuation is obtained. In this way, remarkable vibration damping is obtained between the frame material on the sound receiving side and the radiation side, and the airtight material on the sound receiving side and the radiation side is fixed only around the periphery. Is obtained.

[Claim 10] The pressure-resistant material bears almost all of the pressure-sensitive material except the peripheral portion against the atmospheric pressure load acting on the entire surface of the airtight material. On the other hand, the airtight material bears the atmospheric pressure load of the divided area surrounded by the pressure-resistant material and the pressure-resistant material, or the frame material and the pressure-resistant material. Power is acting. When airtight material received sound in this state, the withstand voltage materials and the breakdown voltage material, or each surrounded by portions to the frame member and the breakdown voltage material, airtight material to dissipate energy to true airborne materials back surface, the rest as a vibration Transmit to pressure resistant material.
The vibration is transmitted to the airtight material, the sound-receiving pressure-resistant material, the frame material, the radiation-side pressure-resistant material, and the airtight material, and is radiated as sound.

In the vibration transmission as described above, the pressure-resistant material transmits the vibration of the entire area excluding the peripheral portion directly transmitted from the airtight material to the frame material to the frame material, but a wire mesh is used as shown in FIG. In this case, the area of the hermetic material increases as the contact area between the pressure-resistant material and the hermetic material decreases. As the size increases, the vibration tends to increase, the energy attenuation increases, and the vibration transmission to the frame material decreases.

In FIG. 28, a pressure-resistant material made of a flexible material such as carbon fiber in a belt shape is used.
It is wrapped between frame materials. In this case, the pressure-resistant material has a width of about 10 mm, but is light in weight, so that even if the vibration from the attenuated airtight material is transmitted, the vibration is easy and the sound is greatly diffused into the vacuum. It is attenuated and transmitted to the frame as vibration.

In FIG. 29, the triangular shape of the frame material is to increase the vibration length by increasing the support interval of the pressure-resistant material to increase the attenuation, and to minimize the sound receiving surface of the frame material. This is to improve the soundproofing effect.

Although there is almost no vibration attenuation in the frame material in both FIGS. 26 and 28, the airtight material and the pressure-resistant material on the radiation side are the same as those on the sound-receiving side because of the vibration of the airtight material or the pressure-resistant material. Therefore, high soundproof performance can be obtained. This vacuum body can be curved in either the vertical or horizontal direction in FIG. 8 or in the direction parallel to the pressure-resistant material in FIG. 28, depending on the application.

[Claim 11] Since the atmospheric pressure load is dispersed and supported by the spacing members, the frame material does not require a large strength, so that a lightweight and thin material can be used.

The spacing member is covered with an elastic absorber having a hardness capable of absorbing vibrations well over the front and back of the airtight material, and the vibration passing through the hard material inside passes through the elastic absorber again. It is transmitted to the airtight material. Also, the shift of the position of the support material on the sound receiving side and the position of the support material on the dissipating side results in a longer transmission path and a corresponding attenuation.

As the hermetic material, a lightweight and thin material that easily vibrates can be used because the atmospheric load acting on the material is dispersed in each spacing member, and a large strength is not required. Therefore, the damping due to vibration of the sound-receiving side airtight material and the remaining energy released into the vacuum on the back surface of the material are greatly attenuated to the airtight material on the radiation side through the spacing material covered with the rubber-like elastic material as vibration. To communicate. Further, when the contact area ratio between the spacing material and the airtight material is small, attenuation as shown by the mathematical expression of claim 8 is obtained.

[Claim 12] The vibration damping effect due to the contact area ratio between the hermetic material and the spacing member and the hermetic material is as defined in claim 1.
It is the same as the description of 1. In FIG. 32, the airtight material and the spacing material are in linear contact with each other, and the spacing material is in point contact with each other, and attenuates at the respective contact portions. The airtight material and the spacing material are in linear contact, and the amount of transmitted vibration is also transmitted according to the length. However, since there are few contact points between the spacing material and the spacer, the attenuation is greatly reduced as in the formula of claim 2. It is transmitted to the radiation side mesh material.

FIG. 33 shows that the airtight material and the spacing material are in a dotted shape when the airtight material is a hard material, are in a linear shape when the airtight material is soft, and are in a dotted shape between the spacing materials, and are attenuated at the respective contact portions. I do. The damping due to the contact portion is the same as in FIG.
In the case of a hard material, the air-tight material and the spacing material are in a point-like contact, so that they are further attenuated.

In FIG. 34, the airtight material and the mesh material are in linear contact, and the mesh material and the spacer are in point contact. The contact length between the airtight material and the spacing material is long, and the transmission amount of vibration is also transmitted according to the length.However, as the spacing material becomes a point-like contact of the spacer, it is greatly attenuated and transmitted to the mesh material on the radiation side. I do.

In FIG. 35, since there is only one spacing member, the performance is lower than that of the spacing members that are in point contact, but a thinner vacuum body is required and the cost is reduced. Used in cases. By using a lightweight material with low surface reflection sound for the airtight material, the amount of radiation to the back of the airtight material is increased, and the soundproof performance is enhanced. The same applies to the case where the flat plate of FIG. 32 and the bent wire mesh of FIG. 33 are used alone.

[Claim 13] The vibration damping effect by the hermetic material and the contact area ratio between the pressure-resistant material and the hermetic material is the same as in the twelfth aspect. 36, 37, and 38 show that the airtight material and the pressure-resistant material are in linear contact with each other, and that the space between the spacing materials is a vibration absorber,
Or, it comes into contact with the rubber-like elastic body and is attenuated at each contact portion. In both cases, the contact length between the airtight material and the pressure-resistant material is long,
The amount of transmission of vibration is also transmitted according to the length, but since there are few contact points between the spacing member and the spacer, the amount of transmission is reduced and transmitted to the diffusion-side airtight material.

[Claim 14] In this claim, a honeycomb core and a mesh-like material or a vibration absorber are used for the spacing member. In the already-filed application, there is a honeycomb core that is stacked in two stages and is used as a spacing member. However, since the contact length between the hermetic material and the honeycomb core is long, and the number of contact points is equal to the number of partition walls of the honeycomb core, individual contacts are required. Although there is a large attenuation at the contacts, the effect is reduced because there are many contacts in the entire vacuum body.

In the present invention, the vibration absorbing member is sandwiched between the large mesh holding members or the honeycomb cores.
The number of contacts is reduced and vibration is absorbed by the vibration absorber. In FIG. 39, since the wire mesh of a mesh larger than the cells of the honeycomb core is sandwiched between the spacing members, the vibration of the airtight material on the sound receiving side is greatly attenuated due to the decrease in the number of contacts, and the sound is emitted from the airtight material on the diffused side as sound. Dissipated. Also, in terms of productivity, by sandwiching the mesh between the honeycomb cores, the gas at the time of evacuation changes from the movement between the cells to the movement between the mesh materials, thereby improving the productivity by shortening the time, Cost can be reduced.

It should be noted that claims 11, 12, and 1
(3) In claim 14, since the area of the airtight material to be subjected to the atmospheric pressure is limited only to the peripheral portion of the frame material, the required strength is small and the range of material selection is widened, so that the airtight material bears all the atmospheric pressure load applied to the airtight material. Compared to the material, the material is thin and flexible, so that vibration transmission is small, and a material that dissipates a large amount of energy to the back surface of the airtight material can be used. According to the twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth aspects, the shape of the vacuum body can be three-dimensional as long as the spacing member can be deformed.

According to the fifteenth aspect, since the airtight material and the small pieces are in point contact with each other, and the material of the outside air blocking material and the small pieces can be adjusted to a specific frequency for soundproofing, a soundproofing material with high soundproofing performance can be obtained. . Also, by reducing the height of the small pieces, a thin soundproofing material can be obtained.

The effects of the sound using the vacuum have been described above, but also have the following effects. Under the conditions of use, the conventional soundproof panel generally uses glass wool as a sound absorbing material, but since it is a fiber, the place where water is applied has only a resistance to a degree of water repellent treatment. Therefore,
In places with running water, such as subway stations, if water is included, the sound absorbing effect is lost, so it cannot be used.

On the other hand, the soundproof panel of the present invention uses an airtight material of a vacuum body, so that it can be used not only in a subway but also extremely underwater. For other performance,
It has light weight, fire resistance, water resistance, freeze-thaw resistance, etc., and can be used in unprecedented places, expanding its applications.

It is also effective against heat. Since general plastics such as foamed plastic and glass wool are heat insulating materials that control the convection of air, their heat insulating performance is determined in proportion to the thickness. In contrast, the use of vacuum results in radiation and heat transfer of the hermetic support. Therefore, heat insulation irrespective of the thickness becomes possible.

Since the present invention is mainly intended for soundproofing, the heat insulation is limited to the cutting heat obtained as a result of manufacturing for soundproofing. However, when the airtight material is metal, the surface may be mirror-finished. In the case of plastic, higher heat insulating performance can be obtained by covering with aluminum foil.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a soundproof wall installed on a road or a track. (Claim 1)

FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of a soundproof panel using an open face material on one surface. (Claim 2)

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a soundproof panel using an open wall surface on one side.
(Claim 2)

FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of a daylighting slit soundproof wall. (Claim 3)

FIG. 5 is a sectional perspective view of a soundproof panel used for a daylighting type slit soundproof wall. (Claim 3)

FIG. 6 is an external perspective view of the soundproof panel. (Claim 4)

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing the inside of a part of a soundproof panel using a perforated plate. (Claim 4)

FIG. 8 is a sectional perspective view showing an inside of a part of a soundproof panel using a non-perforated plate. (Claim 4)

FIG. 9 is an external perspective view of the soundproof door. (Claim 4)

FIG. 10 is a skeleton diagram of the soundproof door. (Claim 4)

FIG. 11 is an external perspective view of the soundproof sliding door. (Claim 4)

FIG. 12 is an external perspective view of a hanger type soundproof sliding door. (Claim 4)

FIG. 13 is an external perspective view of a soundproof panel wall. (Claim 4)

FIG. 14 is an external perspective view of a soundproof fitting with a ventilation opening. (Claim 5)

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a soundproof fitting with a ventilation opening. (Claim 5)

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a soundproof room. (Claim 6)

FIG. 17 is an external perspective view of a sound field adjustment panel. (Claim 7)

FIG. 18 is an external cross-sectional view of a sound field adjustment panel. (Claim 7)

FIG. 19 is an external view of a vacuum body. (Claim 8)

FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing the inside of a part. (Claim 8)

FIG. 21 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a frame member at the time of reinforcing the airtight material.
(Claim 8)

FIG. 22 is an external view of a vacuum body. (Claim 9) (Claim 11)
(Claim 12) (Claim 13) (Claim 14)

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of an outer peripheral part when the frame member is in a point-like contact. (Claim 9) (Example 1)

FIG. 24 is a perspective view of an outer peripheral portion when the frame member is in linear contact. (Claim 9) (Example 2)

FIG. 25 is a partial perspective view of an example of a frame member having a point contact shape.
(Claim 9) (Example 1)

FIG. 26 is a plan view showing an appearance in which a wire mesh material is used as a pressure-resistant material, and a partial internal display. (Claim 10) (Example 1)

FIG. 27 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the outer periphery. (Claim 10) (Example 1)

FIG. 28 is a plan view showing the external appearance and a part of the inside in which a belt-shaped material is used as a pressure-resistant material. (Claim 10) (Example 2)

FIG. 29 is a partial sectional perspective view of a frame member. (Claim 10)
(Example 2)

FIG. 30 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the outer periphery using a coating spacing material. (Claim 11) (Example 1)

FIG. 31 is a perspective view of a partial cross section of the outer periphery using a coating spacing material. (Claim 11) (Example 2)

FIG. 32 is a perspective view of a partial cross section of the outer periphery using a spacing member that is in point contact. (Claim 12) (Example 1)

FIG. 33 is a perspective view of a partial cross section of the outer periphery using a spacing member that is in point contact. (Claim 12) (Example 2)

FIG. 34 is a perspective view of a partial cross section of the outer periphery using a spacing member that has come into point contact. (Claim 12) (Example 3)

FIG. 35 is a perspective view of an outer peripheral portion of a vacuum body using expanded metal as a spacing material. (Claim 12) (Example 4)

FIG. 36 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the outer periphery using a spacing member sandwiching an elastic absorber. (Claim 13) (Example 1)

FIG. 37 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the outer periphery using a spacing member sandwiching an elastic absorber. (Claim 13) (Example 2)

FIG. 38 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the outer periphery using a spacing member sandwiching an elastic absorber. (Claim 13) (Example 3)

FIG. 39 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the outer periphery where a spacing material is sandwiched between honeycomb cores. (Claim 14)

FIG. 40 is a perspective view of an outer peripheral portion of a vacuum body using small pieces as spacing members. (Claim 15)

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 inverted L-shaped soundproof wall 2 soundproof panel 3 support 4 concrete wall 5 mesh material 12 soundproof wall 13 soundproof panel 14 mesh material 15 H-shaped steel 16 soundproof wall 17 soundproof panel 19 non-porous plate 20 H-shaped steel 21 soundproof panel 22 case 23 Vacuum panel 24 Garage 25 Slit hole 26 Opening surface material 29 Mounting part 32 Lighting type slit soundproof wall 33 Soundproof panel 35 Welded wire mesh 36 Connecting frame material 37 Vacuum panel 38 Airtight material 40 Frame material 41 Surface material 42 Hole 43 Vacuum body 46 Vacuum Body 47 Non-porous plate 50 Soundproof door 52 Surface material 53 Hinges 54 Hinge 58 Vertical frame 59 Vacuum body 60 Upper frame 61 Lower frame 62 Frame material 66 Soundproof sliding door 68 Doorwheel 69 Puller 70 Soundproof sliding door 72 Door car 73 Hanger rail 74 Soundproof panel Wall 75 Fixing bracket 78 Soundproof fitting with air supply / exhaust port 79 Vacuum body 80 Open Mouth 81 Surface material 82 Opening 83 Vacuum body 84 Frame material 85 Gap 86 Surface material 88 Bar 90 Soundproof room 91 Soundproof panel 92 Soundproof panel 93 Soundproof door 94 Soundproof door with opening 96 Assembly parts 98 Soundproof panel 99 Soundproof sliding door 102 Sound field Adjustment panel 104 Hanging device 106 Sound field adjustment panel 108 Frame material 109 Sliding groove 110 Vacuum body 111 Makeup cloth 112 Panel door 121 Vacuum body 122 Airtight material 123 Frame material 124 Vibration absorber 125 Pipe 126 Flat plate 127 Strip plate 128 Vacuum body 129 Airtight material 130 Frame material 131 Hemispherical shape 132 Airtight material 133 Airtight material 134 Frame material 135 Convex object 136 Chipping 138 Through hole 140 Standing piece 146 Frame material 147 Pressure resistant material 148 Joint 151 Frame material 152 Pressure resistant material 153 Penetration Vacuum body 157 Airtight material 158 Frame material 159 Spacing material 160 Cut 161 Standing piece 162 Coated spacing material 164 Coating 165 Spacing material 166 Wire 167 Coating 169 Vacuum body 170 Airtight material 171 Frame material 172 Perforated flat plate 173 Spacing material 174 175 Wire 177 Spacing material 178 Through hole 179 Mesh 180 Spacer 181 Spacing material 182 Rising height 183 Vacuum body 185 Frame material 186 Airtight material 187 Expanded metal 193 Vacuum body 194 Airtight material 195 Frame material 196 Vibration hole 196 Vibrating hole Body 199 Spacing material 202 Wire mesh 203 Spacing material 204 Vibration absorber 206 Expanded metal 207 Coating material 208 Wire mesh 209 Spacing material 210 Vacuum body 211 Airtight material 212 Frame material 21 Honeycomb core 214 wire mesh 215 space holding member 216 vacuum body 217 airtight material 218 outside air blocking member 219 pieces

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) E04B 1/90 F-term (Reference) 2D001 AA01 BA03 BB01 CA02 CB03 CC01 2E001 DC02 DF01 DF02 FA03 FA14 FA26 FA30 GA12 GA18 GA19 GA22 GA26 GA27 GA32 GA33 GA45 GA46 GA48 GA52 GA55 GA59 HA01 HA03 HA14 HA21 HA33 HB02 HB03 HB04 HB05 HC01 HC04 HC06 HC07 HC11 HD11 HD12 HD13 HD14 HE01 HE08 JA29 LA04 LA05 4F100 AT00B AT00C BA03 BA06 BA07 BA10B DDB DCA DC11 DC11 GB07 JH01 JJ02 5D061 AA06 AA16 BB13 BB35 BB37 BB40 DD03

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A vacuum body having a frame material disposed on an outer peripheral portion thereof, an opening portion surrounded by the frame material covered with an airtight material, and hermetically sealed to form a vacuum inside.
A non-perforated plate, perforated as a face material on both sides of a frame member arranged on the outer periphery of any of the vacuum members, wherein a vacuum member is provided around the periphery of any of the vacuum members. Soundproof panel with any one of board, open face material and woven fabric. 2. The back and frame members are integrally formed using a non-perforated plate,
2. The soundproof panel according to claim 1, wherein an opening face material is used on a front surface. 3. A soundproof wall comprising the soundproof panels according to claim 1, wherein the surface materials on both sides are mesh-like materials, and the soundproof panels are integrated with a connecting material. 4. The soundproof panel according to claim 1, wherein hinges are attached to the upper and lower sides of the vertical frame on one side, hinges are provided on the upper and lower frames, door rollers are provided on the upper or lower frame, and fixing brackets are provided on the lower frame. Soundproof fittings or soundproof panel walls. 5. A vacuum member is provided in a frame member so that two vacuum members are opposed to each other with a gap provided between the vacuum member and the vacuum member.
Or, an opening was provided between the integral vacuum body and the lower frame, and the other vacuum body was between the upper frame, and an opening was provided on the front and back surface materials at approximately the same position as the respective vacuum bodies. The soundproof fitting with a vent according to claim 1. 6. A soundproof room in which a wall and a ceiling are formed on an existing floor by combining the soundproof panel of claim 1 and a soundproof fitting in which fittings are attached to the soundproof panel in a structure of a building or a ship. 7. A sound field adjusting panel in which the width of a frame material around the soundproof panel according to claim 1 is widened, and a non-perforated plate that slides on and off the frame material is disposed on the front surface of the vacuum body. 8. A frame member provided along an outer periphery of a vacuum body is overlapped with two members, a vibration absorber is sandwiched between the frame members, an opening surrounded by the frame member is sealed with an airtight material, and the inside is evacuated. The soundproof panel according to claim 1, wherein a vacuum body is used. 9. A frame member provided along the outer periphery of a vacuum body is overlapped with two frame members, and the frame members are in contact with each other in a dotted or linear manner, and an opening surrounded by the frame material is sealed with an airtight material. 2. The soundproof panel according to claim 1, wherein a vacuum body having a vacuum inside is used. 10. A vacuum in which a pressure-resistant material is joined to both sides of a frame material arranged along the outer periphery of the vacuum body, an opening surrounded by the pressure-resistant material and the frame material is covered with an airtight material, and the inside is evacuated. The soundproofing panel according to claim 1, wherein the soundproofing panel comprises a body. 11. A spacing member in which a plastic or rubber-like elastic body is coated on one of a three-dimensional molded product of a perforated flat plate and a three-dimensional molded product of a mesh material is disposed in a sealed body made of an airtight material.
2. The soundproof panel according to claim 1, wherein a vacuum body whose inside is evacuated is used. 12. A vacuum body in which a three-dimensional molded product of a perforated flat plate, a mesh-like material, or a three-dimensional molded product of a mesh-like material is singly or plurally stacked in a sealed body made of an airtight material to form a spacing member, and the inside is evacuated. The soundproof panel according to claim 1, wherein 13. A three-dimensional molded product of a perforated flat plate, a mesh-like material, and a three-dimensional molded product of a mesh-like material are used as a spacing member in a sealed body made of an airtight material, and a plurality of any one of the spacing members is stacked. To
2. The soundproofing panel according to claim 1, wherein a vacuum body is used in which the vibration absorber is sandwiched and the inside of the vibration absorber is vacuumed. 14. A vacuum body having a vacuum absorber in which a vibration absorber or / and a spacing material holding a mesh is sandwiched between two honeycomb cores in a sealed body made of an airtight material. The soundproof panel according to claim 1. 15. An airtight material sandwiching small pieces or an airtight material having small projections integrated at predetermined intervals is used on one or both sides. The periphery is sealed with an outside air blocking material, and the inside is evacuated. The soundproof panel according to claim 1, wherein the soundproof panel includes a vacuum body.