JP2000342061A - Grafting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grafting tool with which an operation for smoothly cutting a stock or scion in a desired size can safely and easily be carried out by any person without requiring a skill. SOLUTION: This grafting tool has a holding member 31 in which a fixing means 37 for fixing a stock 10 is disposed, a knife 40 connected to the holding member 31 in a state that the tip of the knife can be swung and used for cutting the stock, and guide means 42, 49 which are used for controlling the lateral movement and shaking of the knife and can be swung along a vertical surface. Further, an insertion hole 31a for loosely inserting the stock is formed in the holding member 31, and a rubber stopper 46 is disposed below the knife 40 so that the stock 10 can be cut only in a prescribed depth.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grafting device used for a grafting operation in which a rootstock having roots is spliced with scions (grafts) composed of branches, buds, etc., and more particularly to a cutting and grafting method. The present invention relates to a grafting device for cutting rootstocks and cutting scions suitable for use in the above.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A grafting technique is indispensable in fruit tree cultivation. At the cultivation site, there are many scenes related to the renewal of varieties and the production of seedlings, and it is necessary to proliferate a large number of excellent test trees both in terms of management and in the case of trial research. In growing such excellent varieties, in the case of fruit trees, it is necessary to grow them by vegetative propagation. This vegetative propagation method includes grafting and cutting methods, but in the case of fruit trees, cuttings are difficult to breed except for some tree species such as grapes, and even grapes that are easy to use are exclusively from the viewpoint of phylloxera resistance. At present, the propagation depends on the grafting method. There are various methods for this grafting method, but as the grafting method used for seedling production and cultivar renewal, the cutting and grafting method is mainly used.
In some cases, a split-splicing method, a peeling-splicing method, and a stomach-splicing method are also used.

Here, a grafting operation by the above-mentioned cutting and grafting method will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. There are two types of grafting by the cutting and grafting method: fried grafting by digging up a rootstock 10 having a root 11 and living grafting while standing, and in any case, the rootstock 10 has an appropriate length (for example, (About 5 to 10 cm) to remove the portion that extends further. Usually, the cutting knife 100 is used as a cutting position where a part of the outer periphery (skin layer 13) that slightly extends from the outer surface (skin layer 13) when viewed from above is used as a cutting position. At first, push down obliquely and cut it down while rotating the blade portion 100a of the knife 100 horizontally until it reaches a predetermined depth. When the blade base 100a reaches the predetermined depth, the knife Is operated to be substantially horizontal (Fig. 1
2). Further, as shown in FIG. 15, as the scion to be combined with the stock 10, it is preferable to use a branch obtained by cutting a branch having the buds 21, 21 into an appropriate length. The lower edge of one surface side (skin layer portion 23) is slightly cut over the wooden portion 22 with a knife to a length corresponding to the cut-down length of the stock 10 (cutting surface 25),
The back side is cut off diagonally (shaved surface 26) and the lower end 2
7 is kept substantially horizontal. Then, as shown in FIG. 13, the scion 20 is inserted between the cutting surface 15 of the stock 10 and the cut-off tongue-like portion 16, and the formation layers are aligned with each other (FIG. 14). In this state, the outer periphery is tied up with a vinyl tape for grafting.

[0004]

In a series of grafting operations performed as described above, the shaved surfaces 15, 25 of the stock 10 and the scion 20 are cut as much as possible, and as smooth as possible. Need to cut. That is, if the shaved surfaces 15 and 25 are not of the required dimensions or are rough due to a wavy shape or the like, the stock 10 and the scion 20 do not take root properly and replenishment of nutrient water is performed. It disappears and the scion 20 dies.

[0005] However, in order to cut the stock and scions smoothly to the required dimensions by hand using a knife, it is necessary to have skill,
It required skill and not everyone could do it easily. The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is that anyone needs skill and skill to smoothly cut a stock and a scion to a required size. It is an object of the present invention to provide a grafting device that can be safely and easily performed without using the same.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, one of the grafting devices according to the present invention is for cutting stock, and basically comprises a holding member for holding a stock and a base. It has a knife for cutting wood and guide means for moving the knife along a vertical plane. In a more specific preferred embodiment, a holding member provided with fixing means for fixing the rootstock, a rootstock cutting knife whose tip is swingably connected to the holding member, and the knife Guide means for swinging along a vertical plane while restricting movement and runout in the width direction.

More preferably, the holding member is provided with an insertion hole or a groove into which the stock is loosely inserted, and as a fixing means for pressing and fixing the stock inserted into the insertion hole or the groove to the wall surface thereof. Is provided. In another preferred embodiment, a stopper is provided below the knife so that the stock can be cut to a predetermined depth.

In a preferred embodiment of the grafting device for cutting stock having the above-described configuration, when performing grafting by the cutting and grafting method, a stock that is cut to an appropriate length is provided on a holding member. After loosely inserting it into the insertion hole or groove, fixing the rootstock to the wall at a predetermined position with the pressing fixture, and adjusting the position of the stopper if necessary, As seen from above, the part that slightly extends from the skin layer to the woody part is
First, push the knife down diagonally and push it down until it reaches the specified depth. Gradually lower the knife while turning it so that the knife edge is horizontal, and the knife edge reaches the predetermined depth (the position where it hits the stopper). At this point, the knife is operated so as to be substantially horizontal.

In this case, in a preferred embodiment, the tip of the knife is swingably connected to the holding member, and the knife swings along a vertical plane while its movement and runout in the width direction are regulated by guide means. Be moved, and
When cut down to a predetermined depth, it is stopped by the stopper, so that compared to the case of performing manually by using a knife as in the past, rootstock cutting work can be performed extremely easily and quickly, so that everyone can master and master It is possible to safely and easily cut the stock to the required dimensions without the need.

Another one of the grafting devices according to the present invention is for cutting scions, and is basically a mounting table having a sliding surface on which scions can be slidably mounted, and the sliding surface. A hand-operated slider that slides along the length direction while pressing the scion mounted thereon from above, and a blade that is tilted in a direction opposite to the sliding direction of the scion and the blade portion thereof There is a fixed blade provided so as to protrude above the sliding surface. In a preferred embodiment, a cutting length adjusting means for adjusting the cutting length of the scion is provided, and most of the scrambled portion of the scion is accommodated in a state where the portion to be cut is protruded from the hand-held slider. An accommodation groove is formed.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the grafting device for cutting scions having such a configuration, when performing the grafting by the cutting and joining method, the scions should be cut into accommodation grooves provided in the hand-held slider. The part is housed in a protruding state and placed at a predetermined position on the mounting table. In this case, the base end (lower end side) of the scion is brought into contact with the rear end of the accommodation groove, and a shaving start portion (a position corresponding to the cut-down length of the stock) is positioned on the fixed blade. This positioning, for example,
This can be easily performed by using a cutting length adjusting means configured to hold and fix the mounting table so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction with respect to the base. Then, the hand slider is slid in the length direction of the scion while being pressed from above. As a result, the scion is shaved by a predetermined length by the fixed blade. By repeating this operation a plurality of times as necessary, the shaved surface 25 as shown in FIG. 15 described above is formed. By doing in this way, compared to the case of performing manually by using a knife, as in the past, the cutting of the scion can be performed extremely easily and quickly, without requiring anyone to learn and skill,
It is possible to safely and easily cut the scions smoothly to required dimensions.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a graft device for cutting a rootstock according to the present invention.
The grafting device 30 for cutting a rootstock of the illustrated embodiment is used for deep-sealing of the rootstock 10 having the roots 11 in the cutting and grafting method, and includes a base 33 and a base 33. A rectangular parallelepiped holding member 31 that holds the stock 10 and a knife 40 that cuts the stock 10 are fitted in the central recess 34 having the opening 35 in the portion 33.
The holding member 31 includes a left holder 31A and a right holder 31B.
And a gap 32 into which the knife 40 is inserted is formed between the upper portions.

The tip of the knife 40 is swingably connected to the left holder 31A via a lever 42. One end of the lever 42 is connected to the left holding body 31.
A pin shaft 44 with a flange portion is provided upright at A, and a pin shaft 45 is fixed to the other end. The tip of the lever 40 is supported by the pin shaft 45. The pin shaft 4
At the tip of 5, a steady plate 49 of the knife 40 is fixed. The left holding body 31A and the right holding body 31B, the lever 42, the pin shafts 44 and 45, and the steady plate 49 swing along a vertical plane while restricting the knife 40 from moving and swinging in the width direction. It constitutes a moving guide means.

The holding member 31 is provided with an insertion hole 31a having a circular cross section (an upper portion having a semicircular cross section) into which the stock 10 is loosely inserted. The mounting member 36 is provided on the front side of the base 33.
Is provided, and the mounting member 36 is provided with the insertion hole 31.
As a fixing means for pressing and fixing the rootstock 10 inserted in a to the wall surface thereof, a pressing fixture 37 such as a thumb screw is screwed together.

Further, the knife 4 is inserted into the insertion hole 31a, and is preferably pressed and fixed by the pressing fixture 37 so that the stock 10 can be cut to a predetermined depth.
A rubber stopper 46 in the form of a rectangular plate is disposed below the bottom of the cylinder. The stopper 46 is formed with a pair of left and right long holes 48, 48 for height adjustment.
The stoppers 46, 47 are passed through the stoppers 46, 47.
Is pressed and fixed at a predetermined height position on the front portion of the holding member 31.

When performing grafting by the cutting and grafting method using the grafting device 30 for cutting rootstock of the present embodiment having such a configuration, the rootstock 10 cut to an appropriate length is held. While being loosely inserted from below into an insertion hole 31 a provided in the member 31,
Is fixed at a predetermined position by pressing it against the wall.
After adjusting the position of the stopper 46 as necessary,
As shown in FIG. 2, the entire instrument 30 is installed on the worktable T.

The pressing fixture 37 can be omitted. In this case, the operator presses the stock 10 inserted in the insertion hole 31a against the wall surface thereof manually or by an appropriate means. This has the advantage of speeding up the operation. Further, even in the case where the pressing fixture 37 is provided, the operator can manually press without using it. Although not shown, when the pressing fixture 37 is omitted, it is also possible to form an open vertical groove that reaches the gap 32 in the base 33, in which case the stopper 46 is removed. Accordingly, the operator does not insert the grafting device 30 into the rootstock 10 from above, but inserts the grafting device 30 from the side through the open vertical groove, thereby pressing the rootstock 10 against the wall surface at a predetermined position. You can also do so. Thereby, the work of positioning the grafting device 30 on the stock 10 is facilitated. At that time, a simple pressing fixture such as a tightening band 56 which will be described later in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 may be used together.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 13, a portion slightly extending from the skin layer portion 13 to the woody portion 12 as viewed from the upper surface of the stock 10 is defined as a cutting position (as described above,
Position is adjusted when pressing and fixing), the knife 40 is first obliquely pushed down, and the knife portion 40a of the knife 40 is gradually turned down until reaching a predetermined depth, and the knife 40 is cut down. When the blade reaches a predetermined depth (a position corresponding to the upper end of the stopper 46), the knife is operated so as to be substantially horizontal.

In this case, the knife 40 is attached to the holding member 3
1 is pivotally connected at its tip to a vertical surface while its movement and deflection in the width direction are regulated by guide means including the holding members 31A and 31B, the lever 42, the anti-sway plate 49 and the like. Rocked, and
When cut down to a predetermined depth, the work is stopped by the stopper 46, so that the stock cutting operation can be performed extremely easily and quickly as compared with the case where the work is manually performed using a knife as in the conventional technique. The stock can be safely and easily cut into required dimensions smoothly without the need.

FIGS. 4 to 6 show another embodiment of a graft device for cutting rootstock according to the present invention. The grafting device 50 for cutting rootstock of the illustrated embodiment is used for laying with the rootstock 10 left stationary in the cutting and bonding method, and the left holding body 51A and the right holding body 51B are combined. A holding member 51 having a two-part structure and a knife 40 for cutting the stock 10 are provided, and a left holding member 51A and a right holding member 51 are provided.
B, a gap 52 into which the knife 40 is inserted
Are formed.

The tip of the knife 40 is swingably connected to the left holding body 51A via a lever 42, as in the above-described embodiment for fry. One end of the lever 42 is pivotally supported by a pin shaft 44 with a flange-like portion provided upright on the left holder 51A, and the other end of the pin shaft 4
5 is fixed, and the lever 40 is attached to the pin shaft 45.
Is pivotally supported. A steady plate 49 of the knife 40 is fixed to the tip of the pin shaft 45. The left holder 51A and the right holder 51B, the lever 42, the pin shafts 44 and 45, and the steady plate 49 are
Guide means for swinging the knife 40 along a vertical plane while restricting the movement and deflection of the knife 40 in the width direction is provided.

The holding member 51 is provided with an insertion hole 51a having a circular cross section (an upper portion having a semicircular cross section) into which the stock 10 is loosely inserted. In addition, a tightening band 56 for pressing and fixing the rootstock 10 inserted into the insertion hole 51a to the wall surface side is wound around a lower portion on the front side of the holding member 51, and the band is wound around the band. Notch opening 66 is formed. The tightening band 56 is formed of a rubber band. One end is fixed to the left side of the left holder 51A with screws 57, 57, and is attached to the right side of the right holder 51B and the other end of the tightening band 56. A locking pin 58 for locking the U-shaped locking tool 56a is implanted.

Further, the holding member 51 is formed below the knife 40 inside the front side of the holding member 51 so that the stock 10 inserted into the insertion hole 51a and fixed by the tightening band 56 can be cut to a predetermined depth. A rectangular parallelepiped stopper 61 is arranged in the formed rectangular hole 63 so as to be movable in the vertical direction. The stopper 61 is always urged upward by a coil spring 62,
When the stock 10 is cut down, the knife 40 is prevented from descending excessively while receiving the knife 40.

When carrying out living grafting using the graft cutting device 50 for cutting roots of the present embodiment having such a configuration, the holding member 51 is placed on the rootstock 10 as it is implanted. The insertion band 51a provided is extrapolated, and the tightening band 5 is located at a predetermined height from the ground surface G.
6 is hooked around the stock 10 and pulled, and the U-shaped hook 56a at one end thereof is hooked on the locking pin 58 so that the stock 10 is pressed against the wall at a predetermined position. Fix it. Although not shown, the grafting device 50
A fixed leg or a telescopic leg may be fixedly or detachably attached to the lower surface of the device, thereby stabilizing the fixing operation and the subsequent cutting operation.

Subsequently, in the same manner as described with reference to the apparatus of FIGS. 1 to 3, a portion that slightly extends from the skin layer portion 13 to the woody portion 12 when viewed from the top of the stock 10 is set as a cut position, and At first, the knife 40 is obliquely pushed down, and the knife portion 40a of the knife 40 is cut down while rotating so that the blade portion 40a becomes horizontal until the blade portion reaches a predetermined depth. When the knife reaches a position where 56 is slightly pressed down, the knife is operated so as to be substantially horizontal.

Also in this case, the knife 40 is connected to the holding member 51 so that its tip end is swingable, and is guided by guide means including both holding members 51A and 51B, the lever 42, the steady plate 49 and the like. It is swung along a vertical plane while restricting the movement and runout in the width direction, and when it is cut down to a predetermined depth, it is stopped by the stopper 56, so that when performing manually by using a knife as in the related art, In comparison, the stock cutting operation can be performed extremely easily and quickly, and it is possible to safely and easily cut the stock to the required size without any skill or skill.

7 to 11 show one embodiment of a grafting device for cutting scion according to the present invention. The grafting device 70 for cutting a scion according to the embodiment shown in FIG.
0 for cutting the base 71 and the base 71
Mount 72 provided with inclined surface portion 72A fixed thereon
The pushing direction of the scion 20 placed on the sliding surface 72a (the entire upper surface including the inclined surface portion 72A) of the mounting table 72 while pressing from above, the length direction thereof (here, from right to left in FIGS. 8 and 9). Hand slider 73 that slides along
The mounting rod 72 is tilted in a direction opposite to the sliding direction of the scion 20 and the inside of the mounting table 72 is fixed by a fixed rod 92 in a state where the blade portion 90a is protruded by a predetermined length above the sliding surface 72a. , A fixed blade 90 disposed and fixed in a mounting chamber 72B having an upper surface serving as a blade tip projecting opening 72b.
Having.

The mounting table 72 is movably mounted on the base 71, and is fixed to the base 71 by an arch-shaped pressing member 76 constituting cutting length adjusting means. That is, the arch-shaped pressing member 76
As shown in FIG. 10, the mounting base 72 is fixed to the base 71 by fastening bolts 77, 77 screwed into the base 71 from above both ends thereof, and the mounting base 72 loosens the fastening bolts 77, 77. If the arch-shaped pressing member 76 is lifted, it can be moved on the base 71 in the longitudinal direction.
By tightening 77, the base 71 is held and fixed at an arbitrary position.

The hand pushing slider 73 is provided with an upper piece 73a.
And horizontal piece parts 73b, 73 vertically falling from both ends thereof
b, and has a U-shaped structure which can be laid on a mounting table 72, and a knob 74 is provided on the upper piece 73a.
In the center of the lower surface side of the upper piece 73a, a receiving groove 75 having a rectangular cross section for receiving most of the part to be cut of the scion 20 in a state of protruding downward and opening the front surface and the lower surface is provided. Are formed.

In the grafting device 70 for cutting a scion having such a configuration, when performing the grafting by the cutting and joining method, the scion 20 is cut into the receiving groove 75 provided in the hand-held slider 73. The part to be protruded is housed in a state of being protruded and placed on the mounting table 72 (see FIGS. 8 and 11). In this case, the base end (lower end side) of the scion 20 abuts on the rear end 75 a of the accommodation groove 75, and the shaving start portion (the length position corresponding to the cut-down length of the stock) is set to the blade of the fixed blade 90. It is located on the portion 90a. As described above, the positioning can be performed by moving the mounting table 72 in the longitudinal direction with respect to the arch-shaped pressing member 76 and adjusting the same, and by bringing the rear end of the hand-pressed slider 73 into contact with the arch-shaped pressing member 76 at the start of cutting. Good. Then, the hand push slider 73 is slid in the length direction of the scion 20 while being pressed from above. As a result, the scion 20 is cut by a predetermined length by the fixed blade 90 (the shavings 20k are shown in FIG. 9). By repeating this operation a plurality of times as necessary, the shaved surface 25 as shown in FIG. 15 described above is formed.

By doing so, the cutting of the scion can be performed extremely easily and quickly as compared with the conventional manual operation using a knife, and everyone requires skill and skill. Without this, it is possible to safely and easily cut the scions smoothly to required dimensions. After performing the cutting work of the stock 10 and the scion 20 as described above, as shown in FIG. 13 described above, the space between the cutting surface 15 of the stock 10 and the cut-out tongue 16 is formed. Then, the scion 20 is inserted and the formed layers are brought into a state where they are combined with each other (FIG. 14), and in this state, their outer peripheries are bound with a vinyl tape for grafting or the like. In addition, when actually performing the grafting work, it is efficient to perform the work by a pair of a person who cuts the stock 10 and a person who cuts and inserts and binds the scion 20.

[0032]

As will be understood from the above description, according to the grafting device of the present invention, the operation of smoothly cutting rootstocks and splints to required dimensions requires proficiency and skill. Can be performed safely and easily.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an embodiment (for fried grafting) of a grafting device for cutting rootstock according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view of the grafting device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the graft device shown in FIG. 2 taken along the line III-III.

FIG. 4 is an overall perspective view showing another embodiment (for living grafting) of a graft material for cutting rootstock according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway side view of the graft device shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway plan view of the graft device shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is an overall perspective view showing one embodiment of a grafting device for cutting scion according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a lateral center sectional view of the graft device shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a lateral center cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the grafting device shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 8;

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a knife operation when cutting a rootstock for cutting and joining;

FIG. 13 is a diagram which is used for describing a grafting operation using the cutting and grafting method.

FIG. 14 is a horizontal sectional view showing a positional relationship between a rootstock and a scion in a graft grafted by the cutting and grafting method.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a shaved surface when cutting a scion for cutting and joining;

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 rootstock 11 root 20 scion 21 bud 30 grafting device for cutting rootstock 40 knife 31 holding member 31a insertion hole 37 pressing fixture 42 lever 46 stopper 50 grafting device for rootstock cutting 51 holding member 51a insertion hole 56 tightening Band 61 Stopper 70 Grafting device for cutting a scion 71 Base 72 Mounting stand 73 Hand-held slider 75 Housing groove 76 Arch-shaped pressing member 90 Fixed blade

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shinichi Inaba 3-706-102 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture (72) Inventor Akio Komatsuzaki 118, Kojishizuki, Chiyoda-cho, Shinji-gun, Ibaraki Prefecture (72) Inventor Shigeo Iwase Ibaraki Prefecture 1444-6 Oi, Kusazaki-cho, Inashiki-gun (72) Inventor Katsuhito Doi 7130-4, Kamigo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture (72) Inventor Kazumi Miyamoto 451-9, Yokobori, Chiyoda-cho, Shinji-gun, Ibaraki Prefecture (72) Inventor Masahiro Iijima Ibaraki Prefecture 351 (72) Inventor Kenichi Ishii 382 Shimobayashi, Ozamachi, Yasato-cho, Ibaraki Prefecture (72) Inventor Yuji Aoba 3204-2 Hashihonmachi, Mizukaido-shi, Ibaraki (72) Inventor Tsuneo Terada Shinozaki, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 960-2 (72) Inventor Katsuyuki Suzuki 2448-10, right paddy, Tsuchiura City, Ibaraki Prefecture

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A grafting device for cutting a rootstock, comprising a holding member for holding the rootstock, a knife for cutting the rootstock, and guide means for moving the knife along a vertical plane. 2. A holding member provided with fixing means for fixing a rootstock, a rootstock cutting knife whose tip is swingably connected to the holding member, and a width direction of the knife. 2. The grafting device according to claim 1, further comprising a guide means for swinging along a vertical plane while restricting movement and runout of the graft. 3. The holding member is provided with an insertion hole or a groove into which a stock is loosely inserted, and a pressing means as a fixing means for pressing and fixing the stock inserted into the insertion hole or the groove to a wall surface thereof. The grafting device according to claim 1, wherein a fixing tool is provided. 4. The grafting device according to claim 1, wherein a stopper is provided below the knife so that the stock can be cut to a predetermined depth. 5. A mounting table having a sliding surface on which a scion can be slidably mounted, and a hand push for sliding the scion mounted on the sliding surface along its length while pressing the scion from above. A cutting machine comprising a slider and a fixed blade which is tilted in a direction opposite to the sliding direction of the scion, and has a fixed blade disposed so that a blade portion thereof is protruded above the sliding surface. Grafting equipment. 6. A cutting length adjusting means for adjusting a cutting length of a scion is provided.
The grafting device described in 1. 7. The graft according to claim 5, wherein the hand-pressed slider has an accommodation groove for accommodating most of the part to be cut in the scion in a state of being protruded. Appliances.