JP2000326229A - Powder spouting apparatus and powder spouting nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a powder spouting apparatus or a powder spouting nozzle for blasting operation, capable of fixing working quantity, providing stable working quality, and achieving highly accurate working. SOLUTION: This powder spouting apparatus involving a tank 12 storing powder and a nozzle 3 spouting powder stored in the tank is provided with a powder fluid supply means 18 supplying compressed fluid for intermittently supplying the powder to the nozzle and a continuous fluid supply means 20 for continuously supplying continuous compressed fluid at all time so as to be separated from the compressed fluid for supplying the powder, and formed so that the powder may be spouted when the compressed fluid for supplying the powder is supplied, and only fluid excluding powder may be spouted when the compressed fluid for supplying the powder is not supplied.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a powder ejecting apparatus or an ejecting nozzle for ejecting powder onto a workpiece to separate (grind) characters and figures.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Up to now, fine particles (jet abrasive grains) such as iron, sand, glass, etc. have been sprayed on glass, silicon, ceramics, etc. to modify the surface of a workpiece, to form grooves,
Processing for forming holes and the like is known (blast processing). For blasting, deburring, painting, peeling of rust,
It has been used in fields far from precision machining, such as roughening the surface of a workpiece. However, various processing apparatuses have been proposed as a precise processing method because hard and brittle materials can be removed at low cost and with high efficiency.

[0003]

However, in the blasting process, there is no blasting device which has realized the quantification, stabilization and high accuracy of the processing amount. The present invention provides a powder injection device or a powder injection nozzle that can quantify the amount of processing, has stable processing quality, and realizes high-precision processing in a powder injection device or a powder injection nozzle that performs blasting. The purpose is to provide.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is based on Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 10-2 proposed by the present applicant.
The powder injection nozzle in No. 67672 is used for supplying powder, and the powder is supplied to a separately provided processing nozzle. The supplied powder is discharged together with the processing gas of the processing nozzle, collides with the workpiece, and performs removal processing.

[0005] In order to quantify the processing amount and stabilize the processing quality, the injection amount injected from the powder supply nozzle is made as small as possible to reduce the processing amount per operation as much as possible. By accumulating the minimum processing amount, quantification of the processing amount and stabilization of the processing quality can be realized. Since the processing amount per operation is small, the processing amount per unit time can be increased by supplying and stopping the powder at high speed.

In Japanese Patent Application No. 10-267672,
Since the suction and acceleration of the powder are performed by one nozzle, when the opening and closing time of the fluid control device is short, the processing efficiency is reduced due to the inability to sufficiently accelerate the powder at the time of rising and falling, but In the case of the present invention, since the powder is accelerated by the accelerating fluid from the point of supply, the processing efficiency is improved.

Further, in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-267672, the structure of the compressed fluid supply pipe is covered with a ceramic pipe, so that the injection nozzle cannot be smaller than the compressed fluid supply pipe. In the case of the present invention, since the injection nozzle and the supply nozzle are independent, the processing nozzle can be made extremely thin. Further, in the case of the present invention, since only the processing gas is injected when the powder is not supplied, there is an effect of removing the stagnant powder generated at the time of the removal processing, and the processing efficiency, the processing quality, the quantitativeness, the high precision It is effective for conversion. Therefore, by performing the intermittent supply of the powder from the powder supply nozzle to the processing nozzle, it is possible to perform an ideal removal process.

Furthermore, in order to efficiently process a large number of workpieces having the same pitch, the efficiency of processing can be increased by integrating a plurality of intermittent powder injection nozzles. In addition, by integrating a plurality of nozzles with different nozzle shapes and processing characteristics, not only a fixed processing on the processing target but also a plurality of different processing (hole shape, depth, etc.) can be performed quickly and efficiently. Will be able to do it.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a powder ejecting apparatus including: a tank (12) for storing powder; and a nozzle (3) for ejecting the powder stored in the tank. Powder fluid supply means (18) for intermittently supplying compressed fluid for body supply; and continuous fluid supply means (20) for continuously supplying continuous compressed fluid separately from the compressed fluid for powder supply.
And when the compressed fluid for supplying powder is supplied, the powder is ejected, and when the compressed fluid for supplying powder is not supplied, only the fluid containing no powder is ejected. It is.

The invention according to claim 2 further includes a tank pressurizing fluid supply means (24) for supplying a compressed fluid in the tank. The third aspect of the present invention provides a compressed fluid P1 for supplying powder, a continuous compressed fluid P2, and a compressed fluid P3 in a tank.
Respectively satisfy the relationship of P3 <P2 <P1.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of nozzles having the same characteristics are integrated. The invention according to claim 5 is that a plurality of nozzles having different nozzle characteristics are integrated. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a cover is provided at a powder supply port for supplying powder from the tank (12) to the nozzle (3). According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a nozzle (3) for injecting powder, wherein the intermittent compressed fluid (P
In addition to 1), a continuous compressed fluid (P2) is supplied, and powder is injected when an intermittent compressed fluid (P1) is supplied,
When the intermittent compressed fluid (P1) is not supplied, only the fluid containing no powder is ejected.

In the section of the means for solving the above-mentioned problems, which explains the configuration of the present invention, the member numbers of the embodiments are used for easy understanding of the present invention. It is not limited to the form.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The feature of the powder injection device (Abrasive Jet Machining-device) in the present embodiment is intermittent injection of powder (abrasive grains). That is, gas containing no powder is constantly injected from the injection nozzle,
The powder is mixed into the gas jet only when the high-speed solenoid valve of the powder control fluid control device is turned on. Therefore, the processing is performed only when the high-speed solenoid valve is turned on, and the processing is stopped when the high-speed solenoid valve is turned off, while removing chips and residual powder from the processing surface and cleaning. This process is repeated at a high speed, and the processing proceeds.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the intermittent powder injection nozzle of the present invention. The basic configuration of the injection device and the injection nozzle is described in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-267672 previously proposed by the present applicant.
The same as that disclosed in the above item. As a powder supply nozzle, a compressed fluid supply pipe 6 is inserted into a pipe folder 5 and adhered, and screwed and fixed to the powder supply block 2. Next, the powder supply nozzle 7 is inserted and adhered to the powder supply nozzle folder 8, the cover 25 is adhered and fixed to the powder supply nozzle 7, and the powder supply nozzle folder 8 is adhered and fixed to the powder supply block 2. . This prevents the powder from the powder suction chamber 10 from dropping naturally into the powder supply port. The powder supply joint 11 is screwed and fixed to the powder supply block 2 and the powder tank 12 is screwed and fixed.
The O-ring 15 is attached to the powder tank 12, and the powder tank cover 14 is fixed with screws. Further, the O-ring 15 is attached to the powder supply block 2, and the acceleration block 1 is screwed and fixed. The processing nozzle 3 is adhered to the processing nozzle folder 4 and screwed and fixed to the acceleration block 1. An acceleration fluid supply joint 19 is screwed and fixed to the powder supply block 2. Pipe holder 5 and fluid control device 1
8 are connected by a tube 17, and a fluid supply joint 1 for acceleration is connected.
9 and fluid control device 20 are connected by tube 17. A pressure supply port for pressurizing the tank is provided above the powder tank, and the filter 22 and the joint 23 are fixed. The joint 23 and the tank pressurizing fluid control device 24 are connected by the tube 17. Different pressures can be set independently for each of the fluid control devices of the fluid supply device 18 for powder supply, the fluid control device 20 for powder acceleration, and the fluid control device 24 for tank pressurization. .

Next, the operation of the powder injection nozzle will be described. 6, a powder supply fluid W1 (pressure P1) and an acceleration fluid supply coupling 1 are placed in a pipe folder 5.
9, an acceleration fluid (continuously compressed fluid) W2 (pressure P2),
The pressurizing fluid W3 (pressure P3) is supplied to the tank pressurizing fluid supply joint 23, and the relationship between the respective pressures is P3 <P2.
<P1. The backflow of the powder can be prevented by this pressure relationship. The fluid control device 20 is opened and closed by an electric signal, and a compressed fluid for accelerating the powder 13 is supplied to an acceleration fluid supply joint 19.

On the other hand, the fluid control device 18 is also opened and closed by an electric signal, and a compressed fluid for supplying the powder 13 is supplied to the pipe folder 5. The compressed fluid supplied to the pipe folder 5 is jetted from the compressed fluid supply pipe 6 to the powder supply nozzle 7, and a negative pressure is generated due to a difference in inner diameter between the compressed fluid supply pipe 6 and the powder supply nozzle 7. 1
0 is sucked into the powder supply nozzle 7,
The compressed fluid is injected into the acceleration chamber 9. The powder 13 injected into the acceleration chamber 9 is accelerated by the acceleration compressed fluid supplied from the acceleration fluid supply joint 19, and is injected from the processing nozzle 3. By using the fluid control device 24, the tank internal pressure of the powder tank 12 can be rapidly changed between the open state and the pressurized state.

The powder is supplied intermittently by controlling the powder supply fluid controller 18 (specifically, an electromagnetic valve) to supply the powder intermittently while the compressed fluid for acceleration is flowing. If so, the powder and the compressed fluid for acceleration are injected, and if no powder is supplied, only the compressed fluid for acceleration is injected. In the injection processing, a powder injected later collides with a powder injected earlier, resulting in a reduction in processing efficiency or a phenomenon in which processing accuracy is reduced due to stagnant powder. In the present embodiment, the injection amount of the powder is extremely small, and the injection is a high-speed intermittent injection. If the powder is not injected, it is blown by the compressing fluid for acceleration (removal of chips from the processing surface, removal of residual abrasive grains, Since the cleaning is performed, it is possible to prevent a reduction in processing efficiency due to the retained powder and improve processing accuracy.

In this embodiment, if the volume of the fluid supply passage between the powder supply compressed fluid control device 18 and the compressed fluid supply pipe 6 is large, the responsiveness of the intermittent supply of the powder is deteriorated. The structure between the compressed fluid control device 18 and the compressed fluid supply pipe 6 may be minimized or a check valve may be inserted. In the present embodiment, the powder supply nozzle 7 and the processing nozzle 3 have the same inner diameter, and the powder supplied to the acceleration chamber 9 is not biased in a certain direction of the processing nozzle 3. When the processing nozzle 3 is much larger than the nozzle 7, a structure may be provided in which a mixing chamber of an appropriate size is provided in front of the processing nozzle in order to make the distribution of the supplied powder uniform.

In the case where the inner diameter of the processing nozzle 3 is very small and the pressure of the powder tank 12 is high at the end of processing, it is necessary to open the powder tank 12 to prevent the processing nozzle from being clogged. A structure to provide a pressure / release mechanism was adopted. Further, the supply amount of the powder is determined by the compressed fluid supply pipe 6.
And the value of the negative pressure generated by the difference in the inner diameter of the powder supply nozzle 7, the pressure of the compressed fluid for powder supply, and the injection time. Since the value of the generated negative pressure can be adjusted by changing the position of the distal end of the compressed fluid supply pipe 6, the structure may be such that the distal end position of the compressed fluid supply pipe 6 can be moved. When the powder supply inlet provided in the powder supply nozzle 7 is directed upward or horizontally, or when the nozzle is a vertical type, the powder present in the powder suction chamber 10
A cover 25 is provided on the powder supply nozzle 7 in order to prevent the powder from being naturally dropped into the powder supply port and discharged. Further, when the powder supply nozzle 7 is horizontal, the structure may be such that the powder supply port is set downward and fixed.

In this embodiment, the compressed fluid supply pipe 6 is a stainless steel pipe having an outer diameter of 0.8 mm and an inner diameter of 0.40 mm, and the powder supply nozzle 7 is an outer diameter of 1.2 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 m.
m, and the processing nozzle 3 has an outer diameter of 1.2
A ceramic pipe having an inner diameter of 0.8 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm was used.
The acceleration block 1 and the powder supply block 2 were made of acrylic, and the joint 19 and the pipe holder 5 were made of brass. The powder 13 is white alundum having a particle size of 25 μm, and the processing gas and the powder supply fluid are dry air (pressure 1 to 12K).
g / cm2), and an electromagnetic valve was used as each fluid control device.

In the present embodiment, experiments were conducted on the amount of processing when processing and cleaning were repeated at high speed and when continuous processing was performed by intermittent supply of powder. The injection conditions are as shown in FIG. With the total opening time of the solenoid valve under the injection condition set to 500 (msec), a drilling experiment was performed with continuous injection of A and intermittent injection of BE. Note that F is a continuous injection of 4500 (msec), which is the same as the total processing time of E (total processing time including on / off). FIG. 7 shows the results of this experiment. Looking at FIG.
In E to E, the processing amount in the case of continuous injection is the smallest, and the processing amount is larger as the interval between intermittent injections is longer, irrespective of the total open time of the solenoid valve being all constant.

When E and F are compared, in the case of E, the processing depth is almost the same as F, though the injection amount of the abrasive grains is 1/9 of F. This is because in the case of the conditions A and F, the powder is continuously sprayed, and the abrasive grains that do not contribute to the processing accumulate at the bottom of the hole, and a phenomenon that the processing energy of the abrasive grains cannot be effectively transmitted to the workpiece occurs. This is because the processing efficiency decreases. On the other hand, it can be seen that the processing efficiency is increased by intermittently injecting the powder and performing the processing while performing the processing and the cleaning alternately. The experimental results proved the effectiveness of the method.

Further, in order to efficiently process a plurality of processing objects formed at the same interval, a plurality of nozzles having the same characteristics are integrated to form a nozzle structure, so that a plurality of processing objects can be simultaneously processed. Can be processed. further,
When processing multiple different shapes on the workpiece,
By integrating multiple nozzles with different nozzle characteristics such as nozzle diameter, nozzle shape, processing capability, etc.
Efficient, high-precision machining can be performed without setup.

[0024]

The present invention achieves the following functions and effects. According to the first aspect of the present invention, a powder fluid supply means for intermittently supplying a compressed fluid for powder supply to the nozzle; a continuous compressed fluid which is always continuous separately from the compressed fluid for powder supply. And a continuous fluid supply means for supplying the compressed fluid for supplying the powder, the powder is ejected when the compressed fluid for supplying the powder is supplied, and only the fluid containing no powder when the compressed fluid for supplying the powder is not supplied. Is injected, so the powder is intermittently supplied,
By repeating processing and air blow (intermittent injection),
Processing efficiency is high and precise processing can be realized. High efficiency and high precision of processing are possible, and the injection amount of powder can be accurately controlled.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the tank pressurizing fluid supply means for supplying the pressurized fluid in the tank is provided, when the inside diameter of the processing nozzle is extremely small, when the tank internal pressure is high, it is opened. The clogging of the machining nozzle can be prevented. According to the invention described in claim 3,
The respective set pressures of the compressed fluid P1, the continuous compressed fluid P2, and the compressed fluid P3 in the tank for supplying powder are P3 <P2
Since the relationship of <P1 is satisfied, the backflow of the powder can be prevented.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of nozzles having the same characteristics are integrated, a plurality of objects to be processed can be simultaneously and efficiently processed. Claim 5
According to the invention described in (1), since a plurality of nozzles having different nozzle characteristics are integrated, processing of a plurality of different shapes on a processing target object can be performed simultaneously efficiently and with high precision. According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, by providing the cover for the powder supply nozzle, a degree of freedom is given to the direction of the powder supply nozzle. Therefore, the structure and the mounting method of the powder injection nozzle and the powder injection device are relatively free.

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, a continuous compressed fluid is supplied separately from the intermittent compressed fluid, and when the intermittent compressed fluid is supplied, powder is injected and the intermittent compressed fluid is supplied. When not performed, only the fluid containing no powder is ejected, so that the machining efficiency is high and precise machining can be realized by repeating machining and air blowing (intermittent ejection) by intermittent supply of powder. High efficiency and high precision of processing are possible, and the injection amount of powder can be accurately controlled.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an intermittent powder injection nozzle.

FIG. 2 is a side view of an intermittent powder injection nozzle.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the intermittent powder injection nozzle.

FIG. 4A is an AA ′ cross-sectional view of an intermittent powder injection nozzle, and FIG. 4B is an enlarged view of a portion A.

FIG. 5 is a BB ′ direction view of the intermittent powder injection nozzle.

FIG. 6 is a control block diagram of an intermittent powder injection nozzle.

FIG. 7 is an experimental result of an intermittent powder injection nozzle.

FIG. 8 shows experimental conditions of an intermittent powder injection nozzle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Acceleration block 2 Powder supply block 3 Processing nozzle 4 Processing nozzle folder 5 Pipe folder 6 Compressed fluid supply pipe 7 Powder supply nozzle 8 Powder supply nozzle folder 9 Acceleration chamber 10 Powder suction chamber 11 Powder supply joint 12 Powder Tank 13 Powder 14 Powder tank cover 15, 16 O-ring 17 Tube 18 Fluid control device 19 Acceleration fluid supply joint 20 Fluid control device 21 Acceleration fluid supply passage 22 Filter 23 Compressed fluid supply joint for powder tank pressurization 24 Powder Compressed fluid control device for body tank pressurization 25 cover

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A powder ejecting apparatus comprising: a tank for storing powder; and a nozzle for ejecting the powder stored in the tank, wherein a compressed fluid for powder supply is intermittently supplied to the nozzle. Powder fluid supply means for continuously supplying; and continuous fluid supply means for constantly and continuously supplying a continuous compressed fluid separately from the compressed fluid for powder supply, wherein the compressed fluid for powder supply is A powder ejecting apparatus, wherein the powder is ejected when supplied, and when the compressed fluid for supplying the powder is not supplied, only a fluid containing no powder is ejected. 2. The powder injection device according to claim 1, further comprising a tank pressurizing fluid supply unit for supplying a compressed fluid in the tank. 3. The set pressure of each of the compressed fluid P1 for powder supply, the continuous compressed fluid P2, and the compressed fluid P3 in the tank satisfies a relationship of P3 <P2 <P1. Item 3. A powder injection device according to Item 2. 4. The powder injection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of nozzles having the same characteristics are integrated. 5. The powder injection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of nozzles having different nozzle characteristics are integrated. 6. The injection nozzle according to claim 1, wherein a cover is provided at a powder supply port for supplying powder from the tank to the nozzle. 7. A nozzle for injecting powder, wherein a continuous compressed fluid is supplied separately from the intermittent compressed fluid, and the powder is injected when the intermittent compressed fluid is supplied, wherein the intermittent compressed fluid is supplied. A powder injection nozzle wherein only a fluid containing no powder is injected when a compressed fluid is not supplied.