JP2000326044A - Cold forging method for circular disk part with shaft - Google Patents
Cold forging method for circular disk part with shaftInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000326044A JP2000326044A JP11139569A JP13956999A JP2000326044A JP 2000326044 A JP2000326044 A JP 2000326044A JP 11139569 A JP11139569 A JP 11139569A JP 13956999 A JP13956999 A JP 13956999A JP 2000326044 A JP2000326044 A JP 2000326044A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- cold forging
- disk part
- forging
- volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、例えば自動二輪車
等のエンジンのクランク軸の冷間鍛造において、ウェイ
ト部の体積配分を最適にする技術に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technology for optimizing a volume distribution of a weight portion in cold forging of a crankshaft of an engine such as a motorcycle.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、例えば自動二輪車等のエンジンの
クランクシャフトの製造において、左右の軸付き円盤状
の分割型クランク軸を成形し、これをピンで連結するよ
うな方法が採用されることがあり、このような分割型ク
ランク軸の成形方法として、例えば特開昭５８―２１５
２３７号のような技術が知られている。この技術では、
丸棒素材を鍛造して軸付き円盤状のクランク本体部を成
形するとともに、バランサウェイト部を別体に成形し、
このバランサウェイト部をクランク本体部の円盤部に結
合して一体化するようにしている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the manufacture of a crankshaft of an engine of a motorcycle or the like, for example, a method of forming a disk-shaped split crankshaft with left and right shafts and connecting the divided crankshafts with pins has been adopted. A method of forming such a split crankshaft is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-215.
No. 237 is known. With this technology,
While forging a round bar material to form a disk-shaped crank body with a shaft, and forming a balancer weight part separately,
This balancer weight portion is connected to and integrated with the disk portion of the crank body.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、上記のよう
にクランク本体部とバランサウェイト部を別体に成形
し、これを結合する方法は、加工工数が増加するという
不具合がある。また結合工程は、それぞれの成形工程と
は工程系列が異なるため、それに伴う段取り換えが発生
するという問題もある。一方、熱間鍛造で成形すると、
後工程でスケール等を除去するための切削加工や、精度
保証のための機械加工を必要とし、加工効率が必ずしも
良くなく、歩留りが悪いという問題がある。However, the method of forming the crank body and the balancer weight separately as described above and connecting them has a disadvantage that the number of processing steps is increased. In addition, since the joining process has a different process sequence from the respective molding processes, there is also a problem that a setup change occurs accordingly. On the other hand, when formed by hot forging,
Cutting work for removing scale and the like in a later process and mechanical processing for ensuring accuracy are required, and there is a problem that the processing efficiency is not always good and the yield is poor.
【０００４】そこで本発明は、体積の異なる円盤部を有
する軸付き円盤部品を製造するにあたり、体積差の部分
を別体に成形して結合するという異系列の工程を廃止
し、段取り換え等の手間を無くすとともに、歩留りを向
上させることを目的とする。Accordingly, the present invention eliminates the step of forming a disc with a volume difference in a separate body and joining them together in the manufacture of a disc part with a shaft having disc portions having different volumes, and eliminates steps such as setup change. The purpose is to eliminate labor and improve the yield.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
本発明は、複数の鍛造工程を経て、多段形状の中間素材
から軸付き円盤部品を冷間鍛造するようにし、中間素材
の軸中心に対して、左右の体積が異なる非対称形状の円
盤部を成形するようにした。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is to cold forge a disk part with a shaft from a multi-stage intermediate material through a plurality of forging steps. On the other hand, an asymmetric disk portion having left and right volumes different from each other is formed.
【０００６】このように冷間鍛造により体積が異なる非
対称形状の円盤部を成形すれば、段取り換え等の手間が
省け、工程系列が簡素となり、また熱間鍛造に比べて後
加工のスケール除去等の機械加工が不要となって歩留り
の向上が図れるが、例えばこのような冷間鍛造用ビレッ
トとして、例えばＪＩＳ Ｓ４８Ｃの成分組成を基本に
して、これから材料割れの原因になりやすい元素である
Ｓｉ（珪素）やＰ（リン）やＳ（硫黄）の含有量を減ら
した成分組成の炭素鋼等が好適であり、また、このよう
な材料に対して球状化焼鈍しを行った後引抜き加工し、
更に球状化焼鈍しすれば、冷間鍛造性が良くなって一層
好適である。[0006] If a disk having an asymmetric shape having a different volume is formed by cold forging as described above, the time required for setup change and the like can be omitted, the process sequence can be simplified, and scale removal in post-processing can be performed as compared with hot forging. For example, such a billet for cold forging is based on the component composition of JIS S48C, for example, and is an element which is likely to cause material cracking, such as a cold forging billet. It is preferable to use carbon steel or the like having a component composition in which the content of silicon (Si), P (phosphorus), and S (sulfur) is reduced, and after performing spheroidizing annealing on such a material, drawing is performed.
Further, if spheroidizing annealing is performed, cold forgeability is improved, which is more preferable.
【０００７】また本発明では、円盤部の左右の体積比
を、概略１：２の配分とした。このような配分にすれ
ば、例えばクランク軸のバランスウェイト部に最適であ
る。In the present invention, the volume ratio between the left and right sides of the disk portion is approximately 1: 2. Such a distribution is optimal for, for example, a balance weight portion of a crankshaft.
【０００８】また本発明では、体積を配分するため、成
形過程の途中で、素材の軸部から円盤部に連なる左右の
連接部に傾斜角の異なる傾斜面を形成するようにし、ま
たその際、体積の多い側の傾斜角を体積の少ない側の傾
斜角より浅くするようにした。Further, in the present invention, in order to distribute the volume, in the middle of the molding process, inclined surfaces having different inclination angles are formed in the left and right connecting portions connected from the shaft portion of the material to the disk portion. The inclination angle on the side with the larger volume is made shallower than the inclination angle on the side with the smaller volume.
【０００９】このように軸部から円盤部に連なる左右の
連接部に傾斜角の異なる傾斜面を形成すれば、例えば軸
方向に据え込んで鍛造する際の左右の摩擦角が異なり、
材料の流れを左右で異ならせることが出来る。そして、
体積の多い側の傾斜角を浅く、体積の少ない側の傾斜角
を深くすれば、傾斜角の深い方向には材料が流れにく
く、傾斜角の浅い方向に材料が流れやすくすることが出
来、材料割れを生じないで、また過大な荷重をかけなく
ても成形することが出来る。このため、所望の体積比に
応じて左右の傾斜角を適切に設定し、据込み等によって
所望の体積差が生じるようにする。By forming inclined surfaces having different inclination angles in the left and right connecting portions extending from the shaft portion to the disk portion in this manner, for example, the left and right friction angles when forging by upsetting in the axial direction are different.
The flow of material can be made different between left and right. And
If the inclination angle of the side with the large volume is shallow and the inclination angle of the side with the small volume is deep, the material will not easily flow in the direction of the large inclination angle, and the material will easily flow in the direction of the small inclination angle. Molding can be performed without causing cracks and without applying an excessive load. For this reason, the right and left inclination angles are appropriately set according to the desired volume ratio, and a desired volume difference is generated by upsetting or the like.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の実施の形態について添付
した図面に基づき説明する。ここで図１は自動二輪車等
の分割型クランクシャフトの組立図、図２はクランクシ
ャフトの左側のクランク軸の斜視図、図３乃至図７は本
発明に係るクランク軸の冷間鍛造方法の工程図、図８は
体積配分が不充分でバリが大きく発生する不具合を説明
する説明図である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is an assembly view of a split crankshaft of a motorcycle or the like, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a left crankshaft of the crankshaft, and FIGS. 3 to 7 are steps of a method for cold forging a crankshaft according to the present invention. FIG. 8 and FIG. 8 are explanatory views for explaining a problem that the volume distribution is insufficient and burrs are generated largely.
【００１１】本発明は、例えば自動二輪車等のエンジン
の分割型クランク軸のような軸付き円盤状の部材で、且
つ円盤部の体積配分が、軸中心を基準にして非対称形状
とされるものの製造に適した製造方法に関し、連続した
冷間鍛造で成形することで、工程系列を簡素化して段取
り換えのような手間を省くとともに、歩留りの向上を図
り、更に材料割れ等が生じないで成形出来るようにされ
ており、実施形態では、図１に示すようなクランクシャ
フト１のうち、一方側（左側）の軸付き円盤状のクラン
ク軸１ａの製造に適用されている。The present invention is directed to the manufacture of a disk-shaped member with a shaft, such as a split crankshaft for an engine of a motorcycle or the like, in which the volume distribution of the disk portion is asymmetric with respect to the center of the shaft. With regard to the manufacturing method suitable for, forming by continuous cold forging simplifies the process sequence and saves labor such as setup change, improves yield, and can be formed without further material cracking etc. The embodiment is applied to the manufacture of a disk-shaped crankshaft 1a with a shaft on one side (left side) of the crankshaft 1 as shown in FIG.
【００１２】すなわち、クランクシャフト１は、軸付き
円盤状の左右の分割型クランク軸１ａ、１ｂと、これら
クランク軸１ａ、１ｂのウェイト部のピン穴ｐに結合さ
れる結合ピン１ｃを備えており、本発明に係る軸付き円
盤部品の冷間鍛造方法は、左右のクランク軸１ａ、１ｂ
のいずれでも可能であるが、説明上、軸部にスプライン
が形成される左のクランク軸１ａを代表例として説明す
る。That is, the crankshaft 1 has left and right divided crankshafts 1a and 1b each having a disk shape with a shaft, and a connecting pin 1c that is connected to a pin hole p of a weight portion of the crankshafts 1a and 1b. The method for cold forging a disk part with a shaft according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
However, for the sake of explanation, the left crankshaft 1a in which a spline is formed in the shaft will be described as a representative example.
【００１３】左側のクランク軸１ａは、図２に示すよう
に、肉厚が非対称で表面側に複雑な凹凸面が形成される
ウェイト部ｗと、径が異なる２段以上の異径部を有する
多段軸部ｊを備えており、この多段軸部ｊの一部にはス
プラインｓが形成されており、このクランク軸１ａは、
図３の右方に示す円柱状のビレットＢから連続冷間鍛造
法により成形されているが、まずこのビレットＢの組成
成分とビレットＢの製造方法について簡単に説明する。As shown in FIG. 2, the left crankshaft 1a has a weight portion w having an asymmetric thickness and a complicated uneven surface formed on the surface side, and two or more different diameter portions having different diameters. A multi-stage shaft j is provided, and a spline s is formed in a part of the multi-stage shaft j.
3 is formed by a continuous cold forging method from a cylindrical billet B shown on the right side of FIG. 3. First, the composition of the billet B and a method of manufacturing the billet B will be briefly described.
【００１４】まず、ビレットＢの組成成分は、Ｃ（炭
素）が０．４６〜０．４９WT％、Ｓｉ（珪素）が０．１
４WT％以下、Ｍｎ（マンガン）が０．５５〜０．６５WT
％、Ｐ（リン）が０．０１５WT％以下、Ｓ（硫黄）が
０．０１５WT％以下、Ｃｕ（銅）が０．１５WT％以下、
Ｎｉ（ニッケル）が０．１５WT％以下、Ｃｒ（クロム）
が０．１０〜０．２０WT％含まれる鋼材（以下、Ｓ４８
ＢＣという。）としている。これは熱間鍛造素材である
ＪＩＳ Ｓ４８Ｃ（以下、Ｓ４８Ｃという。）の成分組
成を基本にし、焼入れ性確保のためＣとＭｎ量を同等に
するとともに、材料割れの要因になりやすいＳｉとＰと
Ｓの量を削減した成分組成にしたものである。First, the composition of billet B is such that C (carbon) is 0.46 to 0.49 WT% and Si (silicon) is 0.1%.
4WT% or less, Mn (manganese) 0.55 to 0.65WT
%, P (phosphorus) is 0.015 WT% or less, S (sulfur) is 0.015 WT% or less, Cu (copper) is 0.15 WT% or less,
Ni (nickel) 0.15 WT% or less, Cr (chromium)
Containing 0.10 to 0.20 WT% (hereinafter referred to as S48
It is called BC. ). This is based on the component composition of JIS S48C (hereinafter, referred to as S48C) which is a hot forging material. In order to secure hardenability, the amounts of C and Mn are made equal, and Si and P, which are likely to cause material cracking, are used. This is a component composition in which the amount of S is reduced.
【００１５】そしてこのような成分組成の鋼材からなる
棒材からビレットＢを製造する方法は、酸洗を行った
後、第１回目の球状化焼鈍しを行い、セメンタイトを球
状化して素材全体の加工性を向上させ、内部まで歪みを
与えることが出来るようにするとともに、パーライトの
微細化を図り、次に、酸洗、ボンデ処理を行って引抜き
加工を行い、限界据込み率の向上を図り、次いで、この
棒材を所望の寸法に切断し、これを酸洗した後、２回目
の球状化焼鈍しを行い、炭化物の分散を図るとともに球
状化率を高めるようにしている。そして２回目の球状化
焼鈍しが終えると、ショットブラスト、ボンデ処理を行
って表面調整を行い、冷間鍛造用ビレットを得るように
している。The method for producing the billet B from a steel bar having such a composition is as follows: after pickling, a first spheroidizing annealing is performed to cementite to spheroidize the entire material. In addition to improving workability, it is possible to apply distortion to the inside, and also to reduce the size of pearlite, and then perform pickling and bonding to draw out and improve the marginal upsetting rate. Then, the bar is cut into a desired size, pickled, and then subjected to a second spheroidizing annealing to disperse carbides and increase the spheroidizing rate. When the second spheroidizing annealing is completed, shot blasting and bonding are performed to adjust the surface, and a billet for cold forging is obtained.
【００１６】それでは、クランク軸１ａの冷間鍛造方法
について説明する。図３に示すように、前記要領で製造
したビレットＢを準備すると、第１工程として、下方に
押圧して、ビレットＢの径と略同径の本体部ｈと、この
本体部ｈに連なる異径の多段軸部ｊを備えた多段形状の
中間素材Ｔを成形する。Next, a method of cold forging the crankshaft 1a will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, when the billet B manufactured as described above is prepared, as a first step, the billet B is pressed downward, and a main body h having substantially the same diameter as the billet B and a different main body h connected to the main body h. A multi-stage intermediate material T having a multi-stage shaft portion j having a diameter is formed.
【００１７】この際、多段軸部ｊは、実施形態では断面
積Ａ1の中径部と断面積Ａ2の小径部からなる２段とし、
本体部ｈの断面積（ビレットＢの元の断面積とほぼ一
緒）をＡ0とした場合に、自由端部側の絞り率（Ａ0−Ａ
2）／Ａ0×１００＝７５〜８５％程度になるようにし、
後工程で自由端部側の一部の径を絞るため据え込む際に
座屈や破損等が生じないようにしている。At this time, in the embodiment, the multi-stage shaft portion j has two stages including a medium-diameter portion having a cross-sectional area A 1 and a small-diameter portion having a cross-sectional area A 2 .
When the cross-sectional area of the main body h (almost the same as the original cross-sectional area of the billet B) is A 0 , the drawing ratio on the free end side (A 0 −A
2 ) / A 0 × 100 = about 75 to 85%,
In order to reduce the diameter of a part of the free end side in a subsequent process, buckling or breakage is prevented when the device is set up.
【００１８】次に、第２工程では、図４に示すように、
据込み絞りによって本体部ｈの径を広げるとともに、多
段軸部ｊの自由端部側の径を絞る。ここで、本体部ｈは
最終的に左右の厚みを異ならせた非対称体積（例えば
１：２）に仕上なければならないため、この段階では、
体積の配分に応じて厚みを若干変化させて据え込むとと
もに、厚みが変化する方向に対して図４（ｃ）に示すよ
うに、本体部ｈと多段軸部ｊが連接する下面の傾斜角を
異ならせるようにしており、厚みを薄くする方の下面ｅ
の傾斜角を、厚くする方の下面ｆの傾斜角より深くして
いる。そしてこの傾斜角によって、後工程の据込み時に
材料の流れを調整するようにし、薄肉部側に向けて材料
が流れるのを阻止し、厚肉部側に向けて材料が流れやす
くなるようにしている。Next, in the second step, as shown in FIG.
The diameter of the main body portion h is increased by the upset drawing, and the diameter of the multi-stage shaft portion j on the free end side is reduced. Here, since the main body part h must be finally finished in an asymmetric volume (for example, 1: 2) in which the left and right thicknesses are different, at this stage,
The thickness is slightly changed in accordance with the distribution of the volume, and the upsetting is performed. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4C, the inclination angle of the lower surface where the main body h and the multi-stage shaft j are connected to each other in the direction in which the thickness changes. The lower surface e which is made thinner
Is made deeper than the inclination angle of the lower surface f which is thicker. And, by this inclination angle, the flow of the material is adjusted at the time of the upsetting in the subsequent process, the material is prevented from flowing toward the thin portion, and the material is easily flown toward the thick portion. I have.
【００１９】そして実施形態では、角度が浅い側の下面
ｆの傾斜角は、図４（ａ）に示すように、傾斜面とフラ
ット面の接合ライン（破線で示す）を多段軸部ｊの中心
から右側の約半周に亘ってほぼ同距離にして、この範囲
を例えば１０〜１２度程度の略同一の傾斜角とし、角度
が深い左側の下面ｅの傾斜角を、両側から中央部に向け
て徐々に角度が深くなるようにして、中央部の最大傾斜
角を２０〜２３度程度としている。また、この角度が深
い側の傾斜面ｅの外側には、余肉部ｙが設けられるとと
もに、この余肉部ｙから９０度位相が異なる両側下面に
も余肉部ｘが設けられている。因みに、これら余肉部
ｙ、ｘは、後工程で表面側の非対称境界部の段差部等に
欠肉部が生じるのを防止するためであり、下面側でなく
表面側に設けるようにしても良い。In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the inclination angle of the lower surface f on the shallower side is defined by the joint line (shown by a broken line) between the inclined surface and the flat surface at the center of the multi-stage shaft portion j. From about the same distance over about half the circumference on the right side, and this range is set to be substantially the same inclination angle of, for example, about 10 to 12 degrees. The angle is gradually increased, and the maximum inclination angle at the center is set to about 20 to 23 degrees. In addition, a surplus portion y is provided outside the inclined surface e on the side where the angle is deep, and a surplus portion x is provided on both lower surfaces different in phase by 90 degrees from the surplus portion y. Incidentally, these extra portions y and x are provided in order to prevent the occurrence of a missing portion in a step portion or the like of the asymmetric boundary portion on the front surface side in a later step, and may be provided on the front surface side instead of the lower surface side. good.
【００２０】また、図３に示す第１工程後の本体部ｈの
高さをＢ0とし、図４に示す第２工程後の本体部ｈの薄
肉側の厚みをＢ1とした場合、（Ｂ0−Ｂ1）／Ｂ0×１０
０＝７５〜８５％程度になるようにし、また第２工程後
の多段軸部ｊの自由端部側の断面積をＡ3とした場合、
（Ａ0−Ａ3）／Ａ0＝８２〜８８％程度になるようにし
ている。Further, if the height of the main body h after the first step shown in FIG. 3 and B 0, and the thin side of the thickness of the main body h after the second step shown in FIG. 4 and B 1, ( B 0 −B 1 ) / B 0 × 10
0 = about 75 to 85%, and when the cross-sectional area on the free end side of the multi-stage shaft j after the second step is A 3 ,
(A 0 −A 3 ) / A 0 = about 82 to 88%.
【００２１】次に、第３工程では、図５に示すように、
本体部ｈを据え込んでウェイト部ｗの形状に近づけるよ
うな荒地成形を行うとともに、多段軸部ｊの段差コーナ
部を鋭角に絞り、また自由端部の径を絞る。この際、本
体部ｈを据込むと、下面の傾斜角の違いにより、傾斜角
が深い方向へは材料が流れにくく、逆に傾斜角が浅い方
向に材料が流れやすくなって、傾斜角の深い方向が薄肉
にされ、傾斜角の浅い方向が厚肉にされる。そして実施
形態では、厚肉側の体積と薄肉側の体積比が概ね２／
３：１／３になるようにしている。Next, in the third step, as shown in FIG.
In addition to forming the rough land so as to approach the shape of the weight portion w by upsetting the main body portion h, the step corner portion of the multi-stage shaft portion j is narrowed at an acute angle, and the diameter of the free end portion is also narrowed. At this time, when the main body part h is set up, the difference in the inclination angle of the lower surface makes it difficult for the material to flow in the direction in which the inclination angle is deep, and conversely, the material tends to flow in the direction in which the inclination angle is shallow. The direction is made thin, and the direction with a small inclination angle is made thick. In the embodiment, the volume ratio of the thick side to the thin side is approximately 2 /
3: 1/3.
【００２２】ここで、下面の傾斜角に差を設けないで厚
肉側の体積と薄肉側の体積比を２／３：１／３にしよう
とすると、図８に示すように、本体部ｈの体積をＶとし
た場合に、１／２Ｖ−１／３Ｖ＝１／６Ｖがバリｂとし
て発生することになり、加圧面積の増大により過大荷重
を要求されるようになって金型の破損を招きやすくな
り、また薄肉部の材料割れや精度悪化を招くようにな
る。Here, if the ratio of the volume on the thick side to the volume on the thin side is made 2/3: 1/3 without providing a difference in the inclination angle of the lower surface, as shown in FIG. When the volume of V is assumed to be V, 1 / 2V- ／ V = 1 / 6V is generated as a burr b, and an excessive load is required due to an increase in the pressurized area, and the mold is damaged. , And also causes cracks in the material of the thin-walled portion and deterioration in accuracy.
【００２３】また、鍛造時に体積差を形成する方法とし
て、最初に本体部ｈと多段軸部ｊの軸芯をずらして偏芯
軸とし、その後、軸方向に圧縮荷重を加えて鍛造するよ
うな方法も一般的に考えられるが、この方法では、体積
差を１／２：１／３程度の大きなものにしようとする
と、材料割れが生じやすくなり、採用するのが難しい。As a method of forming a volume difference at the time of forging, a method of first forging the main body part h and the multi-stage shaft part j to form an eccentric shaft, and then applying a compressive load in the axial direction to forging. Although a method is generally considered, in this method, if the volume difference is increased to about 1/2: １ ／, material cracks are likely to occur, and it is difficult to adopt the method.
【００２４】そこで、上記のように下面の傾斜角に差を
設け、鍛造時の材料の流れを調整して体積差を設けるよ
うにすれば、材料割れが生じるような不具合がなく、ま
た過大荷重をかけなくても成形することが出来る。Therefore, if the difference in the inclination angle of the lower surface is provided as described above and the volume difference is provided by adjusting the flow of the material at the time of forging, there is no problem that the material is cracked, and the excessive load is applied. Molding can be performed without applying
【００２５】また、第３工程後の本体部ｈの薄肉部の厚
みをＢ2とした場合に、（Ｂ0−Ｂ2）／Ｂ0×１００＝９
０〜９２％程度にし、また第３工程後の多段軸部ｊの自
由端部の断面積をＡ4とした場合に、（Ａ0−Ａ4）／Ａ0
×１００＝８８〜９２％程度になるようにしている。When the thickness of the thin portion of the main body portion h after the third step is B 2 , (B 0 −B 2 ) / B 0 × 100 = 9
To about 0-92%, also the cross-sectional area of the free end portion of the multi-stage shaft portion j after the third step in the case of the A 4, (A 0 -A 4 ) / A 0
× 100 = about 88 to 92%.
【００２６】次に第４工程では、図６に示すように、本
体部ｈの非対称境界部を加圧して段差部のアールを減ら
し、ウェイト部ｗの形状に仕上成形する。また、本体部
ｈの表面側中心部と多段軸部ｊの自由端面側中心部にセ
ンタ穴ｃを成形すると同時に、多段軸部ｊの一部にスプ
ラインｓを成形する。Next, in the fourth step, as shown in FIG. 6, the asymmetric boundary portion of the main body portion h is pressed to reduce the radius of the step portion, and finish-molded into the shape of the weight portion w. In addition, a center hole c is formed in the center portion on the front side of the main body portion h and the center portion on the free end surface side of the multistage shaft portion j, and a spline s is formed in a part of the multistage shaft portion j.
【００２７】そして最後の第５工程では、図７に示すよ
うに、本体部ｈにピン穴ｐを打抜くと同時に、本体部ｈ
の周縁に発生するバリ等（不図示）を打抜く。そしてこ
のピン穴ｐを打抜いた際、上下面のピン穴ｐ周縁のコー
ナ部が面取り形状になるようにしている。図２に示すよ
うな形状のクランク軸１ａは以上のような成形方法によ
り成形されるが、図１に示す他方側のクランク軸１ｂも
ほぼ同様な要領で成形され、両方のピン穴ｐに結合ピン
１ｃが嵌入されて一体化される。In a final fifth step, as shown in FIG. 7, a pin hole p is punched out of the main body h, and at the same time, the main body h
Of burrs (not shown) generated on the periphery of. Then, when this pin hole p is punched, the corners around the pin hole p on the upper and lower surfaces are chamfered. Although the crankshaft 1a having the shape shown in FIG. 2 is formed by the above-described forming method, the crankshaft 1b on the other side shown in FIG. 1 is formed in substantially the same manner, and is connected to both the pin holes p. The pin 1c is fitted and integrated.
【００２８】因みに、以上のような一連の冷間鍛造は、
工程間の時間間隔が６分程度以内なら、割れの起点にな
る炭化物がフェライト中に多く固溶し、また加工時の発
熱によって伸び率も向上するため、中間焼鈍しを行うこ
となく、連続して成形することが出来る。以上のような
冷間鍛造方法により、従来のようにウェイト部とクラン
ク本体を別体に作製して結合するような工程系列の複雑
化や、段取り換えのような手間が省かれ、また熱間鍛造
に比べて歩留りの向上を図ることが出来る。By the way, a series of cold forging as described above,
If the time interval between the steps is within about 6 minutes, a large amount of carbides, which are the starting points of cracks, will form a solid solution in the ferrite, and the elongation will also increase due to the heat generated during processing. Can be molded. By the cold forging method as described above, the complexity of the process series in which the weight portion and the crank body are separately manufactured and connected as in the related art, and the troubles such as setup change are omitted, and the hot working is also possible. The yield can be improved as compared with forging.
【００２９】尚、本発明は以上のような実施形態に限定
されるものではない。本発明の特許請求の範囲に記載し
た事項と実質的に同一の構成を有し、同一の作用効果を
奏するものは本発明の技術的範囲に属する。例えば、本
発明に係る軸付き円盤部品はクランク軸以外の部品等に
も適用出来、また体積配分比や、傾斜角の具体的数値等
は例示である。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Those having substantially the same configuration as those described in the claims of the present invention and exhibiting the same operation and effect belong to the technical scope of the present invention. For example, the disk component with a shaft according to the present invention can be applied to components other than the crankshaft, and the volume distribution ratio and specific numerical values of the inclination angle are examples.
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明に係る軸付き円盤部
品の冷間鍛造方法は、複数の鍛造工程を経て、軸中心に
対して、左右の体積が異なる非対称形状の円盤部を有す
る軸付き円盤部品を成形するようにしたため、工程系列
が簡素となり、例えば熱間鍛造等の比べて歩留りの向上
を図ることが出来る。特に、円盤部の体積比が、概略
１：２になるようにすれば、例えばクランク軸のバラン
スウェイト部に好適である。また体積を配分するため、
成形過程の途中で、素材の軸部から円盤部に連なる左右
の連接部に傾斜角の異なる傾斜面を形成するようにし、
またその際、体積の多い側の傾斜角を体積の少ない側の
傾斜角より浅くするようにすれば、材料割れを生じない
で成形することが出来、また鍛造荷重を減らすことが出
来る。As described above, the cold forging method for a disk part with a shaft according to the present invention comprises a shaft having an asymmetric disk part having different left and right volumes with respect to the shaft center through a plurality of forging steps. Since a disk part with a hole is formed, the process sequence is simplified, and the yield can be improved as compared with, for example, hot forging. In particular, if the volume ratio of the disk portion is approximately 1: 2, it is suitable for, for example, a balance weight portion of a crankshaft. Also, to distribute the volume,
In the middle of the molding process, the inclined surfaces with different inclination angles are formed on the left and right connecting parts connected from the shaft part of the material to the disk part,
Further, at this time, if the inclination angle of the side having a large volume is made shallower than the inclination angle of the side having a small volume, molding can be performed without causing material cracks, and forging load can be reduced.
【図１】自動二輪車等のクランクシャフトの組立図FIG. 1 is an assembly diagram of a crankshaft of a motorcycle or the like.
【図２】クランクシャフトの左側のクランク軸の斜視図FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a left crankshaft of the crankshaft.
【図３】クランク軸の冷間鍛造工程のうち第１の工程の
説明図で（ａ）はビレット、（ｂ）は第１工程終了後の
形状3A and 3B are explanatory views of a first step of a cold forging step of a crankshaft, wherein FIG. 3A is a billet, and FIG. 3B is a shape after the first step.
【図４】クランク軸の冷間鍛造工程のうち第２の工程の
説明図で（ａ）は平面図、（ｂ）は正面図、（ｃ）は側
面図4 (a) is a plan view, FIG. 4 (b) is a front view, and FIG. 4 (c) is a side view.
【図５】クランク軸の冷間鍛造工程のうち第３の工程の
説明図で（ａ）は平面図、（ｂ）は側面図FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory views of a third step of the cold forging step of the crankshaft, wherein FIG. 5A is a plan view and FIG.
【図６】クランク軸の冷間鍛造工程のうち第４の工程の
説明図で（ａ）は平面図、（ｂ）は側面図6A and 6B are explanatory views of a fourth step of the cold forging step of the crankshaft, wherein FIG. 6A is a plan view and FIG. 6B is a side view.
【図７】クランク軸の冷間鍛造工程のうち第５の工程の
説明図で（ａ）は平面図、（ｂ）は側面図FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a fifth step of the cold forging step of the crankshaft, wherein (a) is a plan view and (b) is a side view.
【図８】体積配分が不充分でバリが大きく発生する不具
合を説明する説明図FIG. 8 is an explanatory view for explaining a problem that burrs are generated largely due to insufficient volume distribution.
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成１２年４月１９日（２０００．４．１
９）[Submission date] April 19, 2000 (2004.1.
9)
【手続補正１】[Procedure amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００１３[Correction target item name] 0013
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【００１３】左側のクランク軸１ａは、図２に示すよう
に、肉厚が非対称で表面側に複雑な凹凸面が形成される
ウェイト部ｗと、径が異なる２段以上の異径部を有する
多段軸部ｊを備えており、この多段軸部ｊの一部にはス
プラインｓが形成されており、このクランク軸１ａは、
図３の左方に示す円柱状のビレットＢから連続冷間鍛造
法により成形されているが、まずこのビレットＢの組成
成分とビレットＢの製造方法について簡単に説明する。As shown in FIG. 2, the left crankshaft 1a has a weight portion w having an asymmetric thickness and a complicated uneven surface formed on the surface side, and two or more different diameter portions having different diameters. A multi-stage shaft j is provided, and a spline s is formed in a part of the multi-stage shaft j.
3 is formed by a continuous cold forging method from a cylindrical billet B shown on the left side of FIG. 3. First, the composition of the billet B and a method of manufacturing the billet B will be briefly described.
【手続補正２】[Procedure amendment 2]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００２０[Correction target item name] 0020
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【００２０】また、図３に示す第１工程後の本体部ｈの
高さをＢ0とし、図４に示す第２工程後の本体部ｈの薄
肉側の厚みをＢ1とした場合、（Ｂ0−Ｂ1）／Ｂ0×１０
０＝７５〜８５％程度になるようにし、また第２工程後
の多段軸部ｊの自由端部側の断面積をＡ3とした場合、
（Ａ0−Ａ3）／Ａ0 ×１００＝８２〜８８％程度になる
ようにしている。Further, if the height of the main body h after the first step shown in FIG. 3 and B 0, and the thin side of the thickness of the main body h after the second step shown in FIG. 4 and B 1, ( B 0 −B 1 ) / B 0 × 10
0 = about 75 to 85%, and when the cross-sectional area on the free end side of the multi-stage shaft j after the second step is A 3 ,
(A 0 −A 3 ) / A 0 × 100 = about 82 to 88%.
【手続補正３】[Procedure amendment 3]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００２３[Correction target item name] 0023
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【００２３】また、鍛造時に体積差を形成する方法とし
て、最初に本体部ｈと多段軸部ｊの軸芯をずらして偏芯
軸とし、その後、軸方向に圧縮荷重を加えて鍛造するよ
うな方法も一般的に考えられるが、この方法では、体積
比を２／３：１／３程度の大きなものにしようとする
と、材料割れが生じやすくなり、採用するのが難しい。As a method of forming a volume difference at the time of forging, a method of first forging the main body part h and the multi-stage shaft part j to form an eccentric shaft, and then applying a compressive load in the axial direction to forging. Although a method is generally conceivable, in this method, the volume
If the ratio is increased to about 2/3 : 1/3, material cracks are likely to occur and it is difficult to adopt.
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｆ１６Ｃ 13/02 Ｆ１６Ｃ 13/02 (72)発明者 小林 正 埼玉県狭山市新狭山１丁目10番地１ ホン ダエンジニアリング株式会社内 (72)発明者 上川 満 埼玉県狭山市新狭山１丁目10番地１ ホン ダエンジニアリング株式会社内 (72)発明者 福田 文男 熊本県菊池郡大津町平川1500 本田技研工 業株式会社熊本製作所内 (72)発明者 松浦 英樹 熊本県菊池郡大津町平川1500 本田技研工 業株式会社熊本製作所内 Ｆターム(参考） 3J103 AA02 AA09 AA71 EA20 FA15 GA01 GA52 4E087 AA02 AA08 AA09 AA10 BA17 CA13 CA22 CA33 CB03 DA05 DB05 DB11 DB23 DB24 EC02 EC22 HA32 HB13 HB15 Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI Theme coat II (Reference) F16C 13/02 F16C 13/02 (72) Inventor Tadashi Kobayashi 1-10-1 Shinsayama 1-chome, Sayama-shi, Saitama Honda Engineering Co., Ltd. In-house (72) Inventor Mitsuru Kamikawa 1-10-1 Shinsayama, Sayama-shi, Saitama Honda Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hideki Matsuura 1500 Hirakawa, Otsu-cho, Kikuchi-gun, Kumamoto Prefecture F-term in Kumamoto Works, Ltd. DB23 DB24 EC02 EC22 HA32 HB13 HB15
Claims (4)
素材から軸付き円盤部品を冷間鍛造する方法であって、
前記中間素材の軸中心に対して、左右の体積が異なる非
対称形状の円盤部を成形することを特徴とする軸付き円
盤部品の冷間鍛造方法。1. A method for cold forging a disk part with a shaft from a multistage intermediate material through a plurality of forging steps,
A cold forging method of a disk part with a shaft, characterized in that a disk part having an asymmetric shape in which the left and right volumes are different from each other with respect to the axis center of the intermediate material is formed.
鍛造方法において、前記円盤部の左右の体積比は、概略
１：２の配分であることを特徴とする軸付き円盤部品の
冷間鍛造方法。2. The cold forging method of a disk part with a shaft according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the left and right sides of the disk part is approximately 1: 2. Cold forging method.
盤部品の冷間鍛造方法において、前記体積を配分するた
め、成形過程の途中で、素材の軸部から円盤部に連なる
左右の連接部に傾斜角の異なる傾斜面を形成することを
特徴とする軸付き円盤部品の製造方法。3. The cold forging method of a disk part with a shaft according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the left and right parts are connected to the disk part from the shaft part of the raw material during the forming process in order to distribute the volume. A method for manufacturing a disk part with a shaft, characterized in that inclined surfaces having different inclination angles are formed in the connecting portion.
鍛造方法において、前記傾斜角は、体積の多い側の傾斜
角を体積の少ない側の傾斜角より浅くすることを特徴と
する軸付き円盤部品の冷間鍛造方法。4. The cold forging method of a disk part with a shaft according to claim 3, wherein the inclination angle of the large volume side is smaller than that of the small volume side. Cold forging method for disk parts with shaft.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13956999A JP3674756B2 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 1999-05-20 | Cold forging method for disc parts with shafts |
| US10/789,347 US7093526B2 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 2004-02-26 | Forming die apparatus |
| US10/789,322 US20040261918A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 2004-02-26 | Billet for cold forging, method of manufacturing billet for cold forging, method of continuously cold-forging billet, method of cold-forging |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13956999A JP3674756B2 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 1999-05-20 | Cold forging method for disc parts with shafts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000326044A true JP2000326044A (en) | 2000-11-28 |
| JP3674756B2 JP3674756B2 (en) | 2005-07-20 |
Family
ID=15248332
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13956999A Expired - Fee Related JP3674756B2 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 1999-05-20 | Cold forging method for disc parts with shafts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3674756B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102343413A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2012-02-08 | 南京迪威尔重型锻造股份有限公司 | Stepped shaft forging method in free forging |
| CN102500732A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2012-06-20 | 浙江裕泰汽车配件有限公司 | Multi-station cold heading forming technology of automobile door limiter |
| JP2019217532A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-26 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Upset part, and manufacturing method and manufacturing device therefor |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0259136A (en) * | 1988-08-23 | 1990-02-28 | Suzuhide Kogyo Kk | Upsetting forming method for axial body with flange |
| JPH05104191A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1993-04-27 | Suzuhide Kogyo Kk | Cold forging method for shaft body with flange |
| JPH07116767A (en) * | 1993-10-22 | 1995-05-09 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Production of take-up shaft for seat belt |
-
1999
- 1999-05-20 JP JP13956999A patent/JP3674756B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0259136A (en) * | 1988-08-23 | 1990-02-28 | Suzuhide Kogyo Kk | Upsetting forming method for axial body with flange |
| JPH05104191A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1993-04-27 | Suzuhide Kogyo Kk | Cold forging method for shaft body with flange |
| JPH07116767A (en) * | 1993-10-22 | 1995-05-09 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Production of take-up shaft for seat belt |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102343413A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2012-02-08 | 南京迪威尔重型锻造股份有限公司 | Stepped shaft forging method in free forging |
| CN102500732A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2012-06-20 | 浙江裕泰汽车配件有限公司 | Multi-station cold heading forming technology of automobile door limiter |
| JP2019217532A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-26 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Upset part, and manufacturing method and manufacturing device therefor |
| JP7081329B2 (en) | 2018-06-20 | 2022-06-07 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Installed parts and their manufacturing methods and equipment |
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| JP3674756B2 (en) | 2005-07-20 |
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