JP2000325813A - Crushing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain high crushing performance while saving an occupation area by vertically providing pairs of crushing rollers each having a high crushing function on multiple stages at certain intervals and crushing a material to be crushed while freely falling it from the crushing roller on the uppermost stage to that on the following stage successively. SOLUTION: Ten pieces of crushing roller 7 constituting the pairs of crushing rollers 1-5 provided on the first stage to the fifth stage are supported by respective bearings to be rotated and each pair of the rollers 7 are mutually rotated in the reverse directions. When the material to be crushed is thrown into a crushing room 12 on the uppermost stage, the material is crushed by the paired roller 1 on the first stage and freely falls to the paired rollers 2 on the second stage. Then, it is further crushed by the paired rollers 2 and freely falls to the paired rollers 3 on the third stage. The material thus crushed falls to the following paired rollers 3 on the third stage, then to the following rollers 4 on the fourth stage and then to the following rollers 5 on the fifth stage successively to crush it by respective rollers and finally is accumulated in a storage space 15.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crushing apparatus for crushing waste, and more particularly to a crushing apparatus suitable for crushing large waste such as plastic and gypsum board.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Plastic wastes such as FRP and Styrofoam and building materials such as gypsum board are large in volume, and their disposal is a social issue. Examples of FRP and hard plastic wastes include water tanks, septic tanks, small ships, and the like, and are often bulky and bulky wastes. These wastes have been crushed by disposal companies and eventually used for landfills,
Some have been reused as plastic materials. The crushing treatment of waste is performed by putting the dismantled or cut waste into a crushing treatment device provided with a crushing roller to make fine plastic pieces. The conventional crushing apparatus is configured to feed the waste by a transporting means to a crushing roller having a pair of rotating claw blades, and the waste sent to the rotating crushing roller by the transporting means is crushed. It is crushed by rollers and processed as fine plastic pieces.

[0003]

The conventional crushing apparatus as described above has a configuration in which the material to be crushed is fed to the crushing roller from a substantially horizontal direction, so that the equipment occupies a large area and is large-scale. In the case of processing in the form of chips, only one or two crushing rollers are required, but in order to process powder, multi-stage crushing rollers are required. However, there is a problem that it must be a large facility with a large occupation area.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a crushing apparatus having a small processing area and a high processing performance. The goal is to reduce the power consumption of the device.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a crushing roller having a crushing function of a rotating pair is provided in multiple stages at intervals in the vertical direction. A means is adopted in which the material to be crushed is sequentially dropped from the rollers onto the crushing rollers in each stage, and the crushed material is crushed by passing through the crushing roller at the lowermost stage.

According to the above-described means, the multistage crushing rollers fall within a predetermined projection plane in a hierarchical manner, and there is no need to communicate between the crushing rollers by the conveying means.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crushing apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein each of the crushing rollers has a configuration in which a claw blade is implanted on the outer periphery of the rollers. The means for sequentially increasing the pitch of the claw blades in the crushing roller is adopted.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the first aspect, it is possible to finely process the material to be crushed as it passes through the upper to lower crushing rollers.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crushing apparatus according to any one of the first to second aspects, wherein the distance between the crushing rollers is gradually reduced as going downward. Is adopted.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-described operation of the first or second aspect, the crushing roller at each stage can bite the material to be crushed.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. The present embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 mainly relates to a crushing apparatus for crushing plastic waste into fine fragments or powder. The materials to be crushed include FRP aquarium waste material, septic tank waste material, small ship waste material, etc., as well as hard plastic waste material, Styrofoam waste material, gypsum board waste material,
Glass, laminated glass, and the like. This crushing equipment,
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the crushing roller pairs 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the first stage to the fifth stage, which rotate as shown in FIG. Have been. In this embodiment, the first stage crushing roller pair 1
(See FIG. 3), a second-stage crushing roller pair 2 (see FIG. 4),
Five stages of the third-stage crushing roller pair 3 (see FIG. 5), the fourth-stage crushing roller pair 4 (see FIG. 6), and the fifth-stage crushing roller pair 5 (see FIGS. 7, 8, and 9) are horizontal. They are provided in the same projection plane like a frame. The first stage crushing roller pair 1, the second stage crushing roller pair 2, the third stage crushing roller pair 3, the fourth
The ten crushing rollers 7 constituting the stage crushing roller pair 4 and the fifth stage crushing roller pair 5 are rotatably supported by bearings 8 respectively, and the paired crushing rollers 7 are driven by the electric motor 9 in directions opposite to each other. Rotate.

Each of the crushing rollers 7 is a cylindrical roller 1 having a diameter of about 320φ in consideration of power consumption and processing capacity.
In the configuration in which acute-angled claw blades 11 are implanted at intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of 0, the claw blades 11 are larger in the crushing roller 7 in the upper stage, and the pitch of the claw blades 11 is gradually increased in the upper stage. The number of rotations of each crushing roller 7 is set so as to gradually increase as the crushing roller 7 in the first stage moves to the lowermost stage. For example, assuming that the number of revolutions of the first stage crushing roller pair 1 is 20 per minute, the number of revolutions of the second stage crushing roller pair 2 is 60 revolutions per minute, and the number of revolutions of the third stage crushing roller pair 3 is every minute. 75 rotations per minute, the number of rotations of the fourth stage crushing roller pair 4 is 1 per minute
00 rotations, the number of rotations of the fifth stage crushing roller pair 5 is 15 per minute.
It is set such as 0 rotation.

Each pair of crushing rollers 7 is disposed facing a processing chamber 12 configured as a unit for each stage that communicates in the vertical direction that is open and closed vertically, and the uppermost processing chamber 12 has a first stage. A shooter 1 that guides the material to be crushed to the crushing roller pair 1
3 are provided. Guides 14 that guide the material to be crushed to the crushing roller 7 are also provided in the processing chambers 12 in the second, third, and fourth stages. The lower part of the fifth crushing roller pair 5 is configured as a storage space 15 for storing the processed product. An upper mesh cover 16 and a lower mesh cover 17, which are divided into upper and lower parts, are detachably mounted on the outer periphery of the fifth-stage crushing roller pair 5. As shown in FIG. 10, the upper mesh cover 16 is provided with an opening 18 through which the material to be crushed is fed to the fifth pair of crushing rollers 5. When the powder is not crushed, neither the upper mesh cover 16 nor the lower mesh cover 17 is required. Usually, the material to be crushed is introduced into the crushing apparatus by using the ascending / lowering transport means 19 including the adjacent elevator 19A and transport conveyor 19B as shown in FIG. However, if it is installed using a stepped topography such as a cliff, it is possible to directly input a material to be crushed from a transport vehicle. Dust from the crushing process is processed by the dust collecting device 20 as shown in FIG.

The vertical dimension of the processing chamber 12 in each stage is set larger in the upper stage, so that the distance from the crushing roller pair 1 in the first stage to the crushing roller pair 4 in the fourth stage is gradually increased in the upper stage. In order to improve the bite of the material to be crushed into the claw blade 11, a device has been devised. Crush roller 7
Is small, the power consumption increases, and the bite of the material to be crushed becomes poor. In addition, the processing chambers 12 from 2 to 5 stages
Can be increased or decreased according to the crushing processing mode. In this embodiment, a five-stage configuration is employed to obtain a powdery processing mode.

When each of the crushing rollers 7 of the crushing apparatus is operated and the material to be crushed is put into the uppermost processing chamber 12, the material to be crushed is crushed by the crushing roller pair 1 of the first stage and is crushed by about 150 mm. The crushed pieces are reduced in size, are freely dropped, and are sent to the second pair of crushing rollers 2. Second
It is further crushed by the crushing roller pair 2 of the step, about 100 m
The crushed pieces having a size of about m are dropped freely and sent to the crushing roller pair 3 in the third stage. The crushed pieces are further crushed by the third-stage crushing roller pair 3 to form crushed pieces having a size of about 60 mm, and are further freely dropped and sent to the fourth-stage crushing roller pair 4. It is further crushed by the crushing roller pair 4 of the fourth stage to form crushed pieces having a size of about 30 mm,
It falls freely and passes through the opening 18 of the upper mesh cover 16 to be fed to the fifth pair of crushing rollers 5. The powder is further crushed by the fifth crushing roller pair 5, becomes powdery, falls freely through the lower mesh cover 17, and accumulates in the storage space 15 as a processed product.

The shape of the material to be crushed is various,
Although the surface of RP and waste plastic is slippery and highly sticky, the crushing roller 7 can be crushed without problem by the drawing action, the scratching action and the tearing action of the sharp-edged claw blade 11. Since the pitch of the claw blades 11 is gradually increased in the upper crushing roller 7, the material to be crushed can be finely crushed as the crushing roller 7 passes from the upper tier to the lower crushing roller 7. The crushing process proceeds. By pulverizing the final processing form,
It is easy to handle because it is not bulky, and it can be easily used as a raw material for secondary products. It can also be used as fuel or separated into components (in FRP, separated into glass and charcoal) and reused (recycled).

As described above, this crushing apparatus is of a vertical type, occupies only a small area when it is installed, and does not require any transporting means between the crushing rollers 7 because the crushing process proceeds while free falling. Power consumption can be reduced. Also, a first stage crushing roller pair 1 and a second stage crushing roller pair 2
, The distance between the second-stage crushing roller pair 2 and the third-stage crushing roller pair 3, the distance between the third-stage crushing roller pair 3 and the fourth-stage crushing roller pair 4, and the fourth-stage crushing roller pair Since the distance between the crushing roller pair 5 of the fourth stage and the fifth stage is gradually reduced, and the pitch of the claw blades 11 is also changed, the crushed material is well engaged, and efficient crushing with little power consumption is possible. It is.

[0018]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a crushing apparatus having a small processing area and a high processing performance.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the object to be crushed can be finely processed as it passes through the crushing rollers from the upper stage to the lower stage together with the effect according to the first aspect, realizing a smooth crushing process. I do.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect according to the first or second aspect, the crushing process of the crushing roller at each stage becomes better and the power consumption is suppressed. Efficient crushing processing becomes possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a crushing apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a crushing apparatus according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a configuration of a first-stage crushing roller pair of the crushing apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating a configuration of a second-stage crushing roller pair of the crushing apparatus according to the embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a configuration of a third-stage crushing roller pair of the crushing apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a configuration of a fourth-stage crushing roller pair of the crushing apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a configuration of a fifth-stage crushing roller pair of the crushing apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a configuration of a fifth-stage crushing roller pair of the crushing apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing the configuration of a fifth-stage crushing roller pair of the crushing apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a side view and a plan view showing a mesh filter on an upper part of the crushing device of the embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a side view and a plan view showing a mesh filter at a lower portion of the crushing device of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st stage crushing roller pair, 2 2nd stage crushing roller pair, 3 3rd stage crushing roller pair, 4 4th stage crushing roller pair, 5 5th stage crushing roller pair, 7 crushing roller, 10 Rollers, 11 claw blades.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A crushing roller having a crushing function of a pair of rotating structures is provided in multiple stages at intervals in the vertical direction, and a material to be crushed is freely supplied to the crushing rollers of each stage sequentially from the crushing roller at the top. A crushing processing device configured to drop the crushed object by passing through the crushing roller at the lowermost stage. 2. The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each crushing roller has a configuration in which a claw blade is implanted on the outer periphery of the roller, and the pitch of the claw blades is gradually increased in the upper crushing roller. Crushing equipment. 3. The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the crushing rollers is gradually reduced as it goes down.