JP2000317702A - Turning machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve productivity in an axial work by making it possible to efficiently turn both ends of an axial workpiece with only turning machine. SOLUTION: Between work driving units 2 and 2, this turning machine is provided with a pair of tailstock centers 7 and 7, in which centers 7a and 7a are installed toward chucks 4 and 4 and support one ends of works 3 and 3, respectively, and which support the works 3 and 3 respectively on the same machining axis of a first and a second working stations W1 and W2 as well as between the individual tailstock centers 7 and the respective chucks 4, and a plurality of working units 8 which are provided movable toward the X axis direction being parallel to the machining axis and the Y axis direction orthogonal to it, further to which tools 12 and 12 for turning the works 3 and 3 are removably fixed. This allows the turning of the both ends of the works 3 and 3 with one turning machine, dispersing with another turning machine to reduce a cost of equipment.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turning machine in which both ends of a shaft work can be machined by one machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a shaft work such as a crankshaft is machined by a turning machine such as a lathe, one end of the work is supported by a tail stock center, and the other end of the work is gripped by a chuck. A method of turning a work while rotating the work is generally adopted.

However, in this method, the end of the work clamped by the chuck cannot be machined. For this reason, conventionally, two turning machines are installed in advance, and if one turning machine processes the entire work except for the chuck gripping side of the work,
The work is moved to another turning machine, and the other turning machine is used to machine the chuck gripping end.

However, since a general turning machine has a chuck and a driving means on the left side and a tailstock on the right side, when machining both ends of a work with two turning machines, the first turning machine is used. It is necessary to change the direction of the work on one end side by 180 degrees and mount it on the second turning machine by turning it 180 degrees. Work transfer means such as an autoloader that conveys the work between the turning machines is provided with a work reversing mechanism. However, there is a problem that the work transfer means becomes complicated and expensive.

[0005] Further, since two turning machines must be installed in the processing line, there are disadvantages such as an increase in equipment cost and a large space required for installing the two turning machines. As a solution to this problem,
For example, a crankshaft turning apparatus described in JP-B-61-3604 is known.

[0006] In the crankshaft turning apparatus, the both ends of the work are supported by left and right tailstocks, and the intermediate portion of the work is gripped by a gripping portion. Is configured to do so.

[0007]

However, in the crankshaft turning apparatus disclosed in the above publication, although both ends of the work can be machined, an intermediate portion of the work gripped by the gripper cannot be machined. However, since this portion must be processed by another turning machine, a plurality of turning machines are required, and there is a problem that the equipment cost increases.

A work such as a crankshaft is
Since the shape of both ends is different, the cutting conditions are different, but in the crankshaft turning apparatus of the above publication, since the work is rotated by a single work drive device, when the cutting conditions are different, optimal cutting of both ends of the work is performed. There is also a problem that cutting cannot be performed at a high speed and processing is not performed with high accuracy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and provides a turning machine capable of efficiently turning both ends of a workpiece of a shaft with one turning machine.
It is intended to improve productivity of a shaft work.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a chuck is installed on a common bed with the chuck opposed to each other, and one end of the work is gripped by the chuck. Between the pair of work drive units that rotationally drive the work, and each of the work drive units, the center is installed with the center facing the chuck, and the other end of the work is supported by the center, and the A pair of tail stock centers that support the work on the same processing axis of the first processing station and the second processing station between the first processing station and the second processing station, and are provided movably in the X-axis parallel to the processing axis and in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis. And a plurality of processing units to which tools for processing the work are detachably attached.

[0011] With the above configuration, since both ends of the shaft work can be machined by one turning machine, there is no need to install two turning machines on the machining line, thereby greatly reducing equipment. It can be installed in a small space.

Further, since a work drive unit having chucks for gripping one end of the work is provided at both ends of the bed, the work completed in the first work station is not turned 180 degrees to the second work station without being turned over. It is possible to carry in and process the remaining processing locations, and no reversing operation is required during the transfer of the work, so that the work can be transferred between the processing stations quickly.

Further, since the first and second working stations are provided with independent work drive units, the first working can be performed even on works having different cutting conditions due to the different shapes of both ends such as a crankshaft. Since both ends of the work can be machined at the same time by changing the cutting conditions at the station and the second machining station, the machining time can be greatly reduced compared to the conventional method of machining both ends of the work one by one. Thus, productivity can be improved.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 2 is installed on a common bed with the centers facing each other,
A pair of tailstock centers that support one end of the work by the center, and a chuck is installed between the tailstock centers toward the center, and the other end of the work is gripped by the chuck. A pair of work drive units for rotating the work while supporting the work on the same processing axis of the first processing station and the second processing station between the tail stock centers, and an X-axis parallel to the processing axis And a plurality of processing units provided so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction perpendicular thereto and to which a tool for processing the work is detachably attached.

According to the above configuration, since both ends of the shaft work can be machined by one turning machine, there is no need to install two turning machines on the machining line, thereby greatly reducing equipment. It can be installed in a small space.

Also, since a work drive unit having chucks for gripping one end of the work is installed at both ends of the bed, the work completed in the first work station is not turned 180 degrees to the second work station. It is possible to carry in and process the remaining processing locations, and no reversing operation is required during the transfer of the work, so that the work can be transferred between the processing stations quickly.

Furthermore, since the first and second machining stations are provided with independent work drive units, the first machining can be performed even on workpieces having different cutting conditions due to the different shapes of both ends such as a crankshaft. Since both ends of the work can be machined at the same time by changing the cutting conditions at the station and the second machining station, the machining time can be greatly reduced compared to the conventional method of machining both ends of the work one by one. Thereby, productivity can be improved, and both ends of a work having different cutting conditions can be machined under optimum cutting conditions, so that machining accuracy also improves.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a broaching tip for processing a workpiece while moving linearly in a vertical (Z-axis) direction or in a diagonal up-down direction. A turning and turn broaching tool having a turning tip for turning a workpiece while stopping the linear movement and moving the processing unit to at least one of the X axis and the Y axis is provided in the processing unit.

According to the above configuration, the machining unit is moved in at least one of the X-axis and the Y-axis while rotating the work, and in addition to the turning work in which the work is turned by the turning tip, the tool is moved in the tangential direction of the work. Then, turn broaching for broaching the work with the broaching tip can be performed by one turning machine, so that the versatility of the machine is improved and the size of the entire machine can be reduced.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a circular broaching tool for broaching a workpiece while rotating, wherein a broaching tip, rotation of the circular broaching tool are stopped, and a processing unit is provided. A turning and turn broaching tool having a turning tip for turning a workpiece while moving in at least one direction of the X axis and the Y axis is provided in a machining unit.

With the above configuration, the machining unit is moved in at least one of the X-axis and the Y-axis while rotating the work, and the broaching tool is rotated by turning the work with the turning tip. While moving the broaching tip in the tangential direction of the workpiece,
Turn broaching for broaching a workpiece with a broaching tip can be performed with a single turning machine, improving the versatility of the machine. In addition, a large number of tips can be attached to the broaching tool, resulting in chip wear and chipping. As a result, the frequency of tool change is reduced, and the operating rate of the machine is increased, so that productivity can be improved.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a turret tool rest for processing a workpiece with a plurality of tools is provided in the processing unit.

According to the above configuration, by changing the tool by rotating the turret tool post, it is possible to continuously perform the rough processing to the finishing processing of the work, thereby greatly reducing the processing time. Productivity is improved.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 6 is provided with a work transfer means for transferring a work to each processing station.

According to the above configuration, the work completed in the first processing station can be quickly transferred to the second processing station, and there is no need to reverse the work during the transfer of the work. Therefore, the work transfer means is provided with a reversing mechanism. There is no need, and the work transfer means is simplified, so that a processing line can be provided at low cost.

[0026]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of the turning machine, and FIG. 2 is an arrow view from the direction A in FIG. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a turning machine main body, and a pair of work drive units 2 are installed on both ends of a long common bed 1a so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the common bed 1a.

The work drive unit 2 has a main shaft 2a rotatably supported on the same center line (processing axis B), and chucks 4 for gripping the ends of the work 3 are attached to opposite ends. At the same time, a main shaft drive source 5 (not shown) for driving the main shaft 2a to rotate via a power transmission means 5 is connected to the opposite end.

A base 6 is installed substantially at the upper center of the common bed 1a. Two tail stock centers 7 are mounted on the base 6, and the centers 7a are connected to the chuck 4 side of each work drive unit 2. It is placed toward. The tail stock center 7 inserts the tip of the center 7a into a center hole (not shown) formed at the end of the work 23, and rotatably supports the end of the work 3, and has one end provided with a chuck. The other end of the workpiece 3 gripped by the workpiece 4 is supported, so that the workpiece 3 can be supported on the processing axis B.

On the other hand, reference numeral 8 in the figure is guided by a guide rail 1b laid on the common bed 1a to form a machining axis B.
The two processing units are movable in the directions, and have a slide base 8a movable in the X-axis direction parallel to the processing axis B by independent driving means (not shown). A plurality of guide rails 8b are laid in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis,
A column 8c is supported by these guide rails 8b so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction.

A plurality of guide rails 8d are laid in the column 8c in the up-down (Z-axis) direction, and a tool rest which can be moved up and down by the Z-axis driving means 10 installed on the column 8c. 11 are supported. A tool 12 for turning the work 3 is detachably attached to the tool rest 11.

The tool 12 turns the work 3 while moving the turning tip 12a in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction while rotating the work 3, or simultaneously moving in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. FIG. 4 shows a configuration in which turning processing and turn broaching for performing broaching by moving the broaching tip 12b in the connection direction of the work 3 while rotating the work 3 are performed.
A plurality of turning tips 12a for turning and a plurality of turn broaching tips 12b for turn broaching are attached to and detached from the surface of the tool 12 facing the workpiece 3 at intervals in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. Mounted freely.

In the figure, reference numeral 13 denotes a work transfer means such as an autoloader which enables loading and unloading of the work 3 from above the turning machine main body 1, and a horizontal rod is provided above the turning machine main body 1 in a direction parallel to the X axis. A traveling body 13b which can travel in the X-axis direction by a traveling drive source 14 on the horizontal rod 13a.
Is supported. The traveling body 13b is provided with an elevating rod 13c that can be moved up and down by a lift drive source 15.
A clamper 13d for clamping the work 3 is attached to a lower end of the lifting rod 13c.

Next, the operation of the turning machine for turning and turn broaching a shaft workpiece 3 such as a crankshaft will be described. Turning is a process in which the tool 12 is simultaneously moved in the X-axis or Y-axis direction or the X-axis and Y-axis directions while rotating the work 3, and the work 3 is turned by the turning tip 12a of the tool 12. It is mainly used for rough machining of the work 3 because the amount of one cut can be increased.

In turn broaching, the tool 3 is moved in the tangential direction of the work 3 while rotating the work 3, and the work 3 is successively broached with the broaching tip 12b provided on the tool 12. Mainly suitable for finishing. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, after roughing the work 3 by turning, the work 3 is finished by turn broaching. Of course, it is also possible to perform only turning or turn broaching.

The work 3 to be processed is transferred to the work transfer means 13
Is clamped by the clamper 13d, and is first carried into the first processing station W1 located on the upstream side from above. One end is gripped by the chuck 4 and the other end is supported by the center 7a of the tail stock center 7.

Next, in this state, the work 3 is driven by the spindle drive source.
Is rotated, the tool rest 11 that has been waiting is moved in the Z-axis direction by the Z-axis driving means 10, and the turning tip 12a attached to the tool 12 is positioned at the machining position. Processing unit 8 by Y-axis driving means
Are simultaneously moved in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, or the X-axis and Y-axis directions, and the workpiece 3 is turned by the turning tip 12a.

As a result, the workpiece 3 is roughly machined.
When the roughing is repeated a plurality of times by changing the turning insert 12a, the Z-axis driving means 1
With 0, the tool 12 is moved in the Z-axis direction, and turning of the workpiece 3 is performed by the next turning tip 12a.

When the rough machining of the work 3 is completed as described above, the finish machining of the work 3 is performed by the turn broaching following the turning. In turn broaching, while rotating the workpiece 3 that has been roughed,
The tool 12 is linearly moved in the tangential direction of the workpiece 3 by the Z-axis driving means 10 and the workpiece 12 is broached by the broaching tip 12b attached to the tool 12, and is used for roughing the broaching tip 12b. The workpiece 3 is sequentially turn-broached by the insert, the intermediate finish insert, and the finish insert.

Thereafter, the above operation is sequentially repeated, and the chuck 4
When the processing at all the processing locations except for the gripped end is completed, the workpiece 3 which has been processed by the workpiece transporting means 13 is transported from the first processing station W1 to the second processing station W2 on the downstream side. 2 processing station W
2, the chuck 4 of the work drive unit 2 provided in
The end of the work 3 that has already been processed is gripped, and the other end that has not been processed is supported by the center 7 a of the tail stock center 7. Then, in this state, the tool 1 provided in the processing unit 8 of the second processing station W2
In 2, the other end of the work 3 is subjected to turning and turn broaching.

In the meantime, the new work 3 is carried into the first processing station W1 by the work transfer means 13, and the processing of the new work 3 is started at the first processing station W1.

By repeating the above operation, all the processing locations including both ends of the work 3 are turned into one turning machine body 1
Since the work drive units 2 are provided at both ends of the common bed 1 and the tail stock center 7 is provided between the work drive units 2, the work completed in the first processing station W1 is performed. 3
Carry in the second processing station W2 without changing the direction,
Since the unprocessed portion of the work 3 can be processed, it is not necessary to provide the work transfer means 13 with a reversing mechanism.

Further, since the first working station W1 and the second working station W2 each have an independent work drive unit 2, the first working station W1 and the second working station W1 are different from each other even if the shape of both ends is different like a crankshaft. Since the turning process can be performed by changing the cutting conditions at the second processing station W2, the workpiece 3 can be simultaneously processed, and the respective work drive units 2 and the processing units 8 are independently controlled by common control means. Therefore, there is no need to provide control means for each.

In the above embodiment, the common bed 1
a work drive unit 2 on both ends of the common bed 1
The tail stock center 7 is installed at the center of the common bed 1a, but as shown in FIG. 3, the tail stock center 7 is provided at both ends of the common bed 1a, and the work drive unit 2 is provided at the center of the common bed 1a. Is also good.

In the above-described embodiment, after the first processing station W1 processes all processing locations except for the chuck holding portion, the work 3 is transported to the second processing station W2, and the remaining processing is performed at the second processing station W2. In order to balance the cycle of the entire line, about half of the processing locations are processed at the first processing station W1, and the remaining processing locations are processed at the second processing station W2. At the same time, the work 3 may be processed first in the second processing station W2, and then the remaining processing portion of the work 3 may be processed in the first processing station W1.

Further, in the above embodiment, the broaching tool is linearly moved in the Z-axis direction by the Z-axis driving means 10 to perform the turning processing and the turn broaching of the work 3. The turning tool 12a and the broaching tip may be mounted on a circular broaching tool by linearly moving the broaching tool to perform turning and turn broaching of the work 3. Then, the broaching tool is sequentially rotated and positioned, and the work 3 is turned by the turning tip 12a, and the work 3 is turned by the broaching tip 12b while rotating the broaching tool. Good.

Further, a turret tool rest on which a plurality of tools are mounted may be provided on the column 8c, and the workpiece 3 may be turned while the tools are changed by rotating the turret tool rest. The turning and broaching of the work 3 may be performed by combining a turn broaching tool.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a turning machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an arrow view from a direction A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a turning machine according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a tool used in the turning machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1a ... Common bed 2 ... Work drive unit 3 ... Work 4 ... Chuck 7 ... Tail stock center 7a ... Center 8 ... Working unit 12 ... Tool 13 ... Work transfer means B ... Working axis W1 ... First working station W2 ... 21st working station

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A pair of chucks (4) which are installed on a common bed (1a) so as to face each other, and which rotate the work (3) by gripping one end of the work (3) by the chuck (4). Between the work drive unit (2) and each of the work drive units (2) with the center (7a) facing the chuck (4), and the work (3)
Is supported by the center (7a), and the workpiece (4) is positioned on the same processing axis (B) of the first processing station (W1) and the second processing station (W2) with each of the chucks (4). A pair of tail stock centers (7) for supporting the workpiece (3), and an X-axis parallel to the machining axis (B) and a Y-axis direction perpendicular thereto are provided so as to be movable in the direction and work the workpiece (3). A turning machine comprising: a plurality of machining units (8) to which a tool (12) is detachably attached. 2. A pair of tail stock centers (7) installed on the common bed (1a) with the centers (7a) facing each other and supporting one end of the work (3) by the centers (7a); Each of the above tailstock centers (7)
The chuck (4) is installed with the chuck (4) facing the center (7a) side, and the other end of the work (3) is gripped by the chuck (4) so as to be located between the tail stock centers (7). A pair of work drive units (2) for rotating and driving the work (3) while supporting the work (3) on the same processing axis (B) of the first working station (W1) and the second working station (W2). And a plurality of bases movably provided in an X-axis parallel to the processing axis (B) and in a Y-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis and to which a tool (12) for processing the work (3) is detachably attached. A turning machine comprising: a machining unit (8). 3. A broaching tip (12b) for processing the work (3) while moving linearly in the vertical (Z-axis) direction or in the oblique vertical direction, and stopping the linear movement in the Z-axis or the oblique vertical direction. A turning and turn broaching tool (12) having a turning tip (12a) for turning a workpiece (3) is moved while moving the machining unit (8) to at least one of the X axis and the Y axis. The turning machine according to claim 1 or 2, which is provided in (8). 4. A circular broaching tool for broaching a work (3) while rotating is provided with a broaching tip (1).
2b) and a turning tip (12a) for turning the work (3) while stopping the rotation of the circular broaching tool and moving the processing unit (8) in at least one direction of the X axis and the Y axis. The turning and turning broaching tool (12) provided in the processing unit (8).
Or the turning machine according to 2. 5. A plurality of tools (1) are provided in a processing unit (8).
The turning machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a turret tool rest for processing the work (3) according to (2). 6. The turning machine according to claim 1, further comprising a work transfer means (13) for transferring the work (3) to each of the processing stations (W1, W2).