JP2000316338A - Universal harvester for root vegetables - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a harvesting machine capable of minimizing the loss of some of long, soft and easily flawed crops, especially jams, etc., which are extremely difficult to harvest and efficiently harvesting the crops with light labor. SOLUTION: This harvester comprises a pair of left and right disks 3 located on both sides of a ridge where crops 7 are growing and rotating in the forward direction of the harvester and a slope 4 located between the pair of disks 3 and provided with a rising gradient in the direction opposite the forward direction of the harvester in the self-propelled type harvester with a crawler 1, etc. The harvester is designed to scoop up the crops 7 together with soil by a slope 4 as the harvester advances, lift the crops 7 along the slope 4 and harvest only the crops 7 in the soil at the top thereof.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a universal root crop harvester.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There has been no conventional harvester that can be used exclusively for harvesting root crops. For example, it is clear that Hokkaido's agriculture cannot win international competition with four conventional farm products. It is thought that there is no other way to overcome this than to introduce crops other than the four crops. Attention is focused on root vegetables such as radish and yam. In addition to root vegetables, there are also leafy vegetables, but when focusing on root vegetables,
Such heavy vegetables are mainly cultivated by farmers in Honshu, but their production is decreasing due to aging of farmers and occurrence of obstacles due to continuous cropping.

[0003] For this reason, price instability occurs due to shortage of goods, resulting in anxiety of consumers. In order to prevent such a situation, the issue of vegetable production in Hokkaido has been highlighted. In particular, the Tokachi region has a large difference in temperature between day and night, and it has been found that vegetables can be produced that surpass Honshu's plateau vegetables. However, the size of the farms in Honshu and Hokkaido are different, and Honshu's vegetable cultivation machinery cannot keep up. Therefore, the development of a machine dedicated to root vegetables in Hokkaido is urgently required.

[0004]

Some crops are long, soft and easily damaged. In particular, yam and the like are extremely difficult to harvest. It is an object of the present invention to provide a harvesting machine capable of efficiently and lightly working such crops with minimum loss.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In a self-propelled harvester using a crawler 1 or the like, a pair of left and right disks 3 that rotate in the traveling direction of the harvester on both sides of a ridge where a crop 7 is growing, The slope 4 is located between the discs 3 and is provided with an upward slope in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the harvester.
With the progress of the harvester, the crop is scooped together with the soil by the slope 4 and is raised along the slope 4,
At the top, only crop 7 in the soil was harvested.
Further, the pair of disks 3 is supported on a leveling frame 13 capable of automatically adjusting the horizontal state via an arm 11 pivotally supported by an upright support base 15, and the arm 11 is also supported by the support base 15. It is possible to move up and down by the expansion and contraction of a hydraulic cylinder 17 attached to the top.

[0006]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. In FIG. 1, A is a harvester of all-purpose root vegetables related to the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as “harvester”). Harvester A is Crawler 1
Drive on. Reference numeral 2 denotes an engine serving as a power source for running and other purposes. Reference numeral 3 denotes a pair of parallel disks having a diameter of about 2 m which progress while cutting the soil on both sides of the ridge on which the crop is growing. The pair of left and right disks 3 rotate in the forward direction of the tractor and cut into the soil, for example, by about 1 m (depth varies depending on the crop). The soil on both sides of the crop is cut in the advancing direction, the soil between these cut portions is scooped up with a slope 4, and slowly rises as indicated by an arrow a in FIG. 1 to work on a work table 5 (FIG. 2 (b)). The worker is carried to the height position of the worker (usually two people work on the left and right), and passes the crop 7 on the worktable 5 immediately before dropping through the tiltable plate 6 whose inclination can be adjusted in FIG. This is taken up by belt conveyor 8
To a container (not shown). The inclination of the inclined plate 6 can be adjusted by a hydraulic device 9. The soil left after picking up the crop falls down from the inclined plate 6.

In FIG. 1, the slope 4 is a pair of left and right disks 3,3.
Are located in parallel with these disks, and are arranged at the center position of the harvester A in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the harvester A with an upward gradient. The degree of penetration of the slope 4 into the soil is adjusted by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic hoist 10. The slope 4 is telescopically configured so that when the hydraulic hoist 10 expands and contracts, the slope 4 can also expand and contract accordingly. Reference numeral 4a denotes a side plate of the slope 4, which prevents soil from spilling to the side. The pair of disks 3, 3
It is rotatably mounted on an axle 12 mounted on the tip of a pair of arms 11 parallel to these disks. The rotation is directly driven by the hydraulic motor 14 as a drive source.

The arm 11 is a leveling frame 13
It is supported by a support stand 15 erected on the upper side so as to be rotatable up and down by a pivot 16. Reference numeral 17 denotes a hydraulic cylinder pivotally supported at the top of the support base 15, and a rod end of which is pivotally supported by the arm 11,
The disk 3 can be moved up and down by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 17 so as to be in a working state and a non-working state.

The leveling frame 13 on which the support base 15 is installed is supported by a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 18 on the machine base.
The horizontal state is always maintained according to the inclination of the running surface of the harvester A. Thus, the disks 3, 3 supported via the arm 11 can bite at right angles to the ground.

[0010] A system for storing the crops may be considered in which the crops are placed on a separately attached conveyor and transferred to a trailer or the like that accompanies the harvester A.

The level of the plurality of hydraulic cylinders 18 supporting the leveling frame 13 is constantly detected by a sensor (not shown), and the horizontal state is maintained via the hydraulic cylinders 18.

(Operation) 1) At first (when not working), the disk 3 is raised to a position indicated by reference numeral 3 'in FIG. 2) Before starting the work, the disk 3 is lowered and the hydraulic cylinder 17 is further extended so that the hydraulic cylinder 17 is deepened into the soil. In response, the slope 4 also extends the hydraulic hoist 10 and pushes it to the vicinity of the bottom of the disk 3. 3) The crawler 1 of the harvester A travels and moves forward. 4) The soil cut in parallel by the pair of disks 3 is scraped together with the root vegetables by the slope 4. 5) The worker on the work table 5 picks up the crop 7 in the soil at the top of the slope 4 and puts it into the belt conveyor 8. In the above work, the work is performed while adjusting the level of the leveling frame 13 according to the type of root vegetables, the inclination of the field, and the like.

[0013]

According to the present invention, the root vegetables can be harvested together with the soil by the combination of the two disks 3 and the slopes 4, so that efficient harvesting work is possible. Since the disk 3 can be moved up and down via the arm 11, it is easy to switch between the running of the harvester A and the harvesting operation. Since the support 15 for supporting the pair of disks is mounted on the leveling frame 13 and can be automatically adjusted so as to maintain the horizontal state, the work can be performed according to the conditions of the field.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a universal root crop harvester.

2 (a) is a view of the harvester as viewed from the front, and FIG. 2 (b) is a view of the harvester as viewed from the rear.

[Explanation of symbols]

A Harvester for all-purpose root crops (harvester) 1 Crawler 2 Engine 3 Disk 4 Slope 4a Slope side plate 5 Workbench 6 Inclined board 7 Crops (root crops) 8 Belt conveyor 9 (For adjusting inclined board)
Hydraulic system 10 Hydraulic hoist 11 Arm 12 Axle 13 Leveling frame 14 Hydraulic motor 15 Support 16 Axis 17 Hydraulic cylinder 18 (For leveling frame adjustment) Hydraulic cylinder

Claims (2)

[Claims] In a self-propelled harvester using a crawler (1) or the like, on both sides of a ridge where a crop (7) is growing,
A pair of left and right disks (3) rotating in the direction of harvester travel
And a slope (4) located between the pair of disks (3) and provided with an upward slope in a direction opposite to the direction of travel of the harvester. As the harvester advances, crops are soiled with the slope (4). A universal root crop harvester characterized in that it is raised along a scooping slope (4) and only the crop (7) in the soil is harvested at the top. 2. An arm (11) for pivotally supporting a pair of disks (3) according to claim 1 on a leveling frame (13) capable of automatically adjusting the horizontal state on a support stand (15) erected. Characterized in that the arm (11) can be moved up and down by expansion and contraction of a hydraulic cylinder (17) also mounted on the top of the support (15).