JP2000308867A - Manufacturing method of solidified waste incineration fly ash - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of solidified waste incineration fly ashInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000308867A JP2000308867A JP11952799A JP11952799A JP2000308867A JP 2000308867 A JP2000308867 A JP 2000308867A JP 11952799 A JP11952799 A JP 11952799A JP 11952799 A JP11952799 A JP 11952799A JP 2000308867 A JP2000308867 A JP 2000308867A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fly ash
- added
- solidified
- incineration fly
- incinerated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 clay Chemical compound 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000836394 Homo sapiens Sestrin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100027288 Sestrin-1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241001494115 Stomoxys calcitrans Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLDKGEDPBONMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O JLDKGEDPBONMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【課題】 廃棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造時及び利用時に
おける膨張を抑制する。焼却飛灰から路盤材等の土木資
材等として品質のよい固化体を製造する。固化体の有効
利用範囲を拡大する。
【解決手段】 廃棄物を焼却処理した際に発生する焼却
飛灰に、水及び温水の少なくともいずれかを加え、常温
〜９８℃で５〜１２０分間混練して、焼却飛灰中に含ま
れるアルミニウム等の両性金属の酸化及び膨張性の化合
物の反応を行った後、アルカリ剤及びシリカやアルミナ
を含む物質の少なくともいずれかを添加剤として加えて
混練し、水熱固化反応を利用して固化体を製造する。
(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To suppress the expansion of solidified waste incineration fly ash during production and use. High quality solidified materials are manufactured from incinerated fly ash as civil engineering materials such as roadbed materials. Expand the effective use range of the solidified body. SOLUTION: At least one of water and hot water is added to incineration fly ash generated when waste is incinerated, and the mixture is kneaded at normal temperature to 98 ° C. for 5 to 120 minutes to obtain aluminum contained in the incineration fly ash. After the oxidation of the amphoteric metal and the reaction of the swelling compound are performed, at least one of an alkali agent and a substance containing silica or alumina is added as an additive and kneaded, and the solidified product is obtained using a hydrothermal solidification reaction. To manufacture.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、都市ごみ、産業廃
棄物、ごみ固形燃料（ＲＤＦ）等の廃棄物を焼却処理し
た際に発生する焼却飛灰から、高強度、かつ、長期的に
安定な高品質の固化体を製造する方法に関するものであ
る。なお、ごみ固形燃料（ＲＤＦ：Ｒｅｆｕｓｅ Ｄｅ
ｒｉｖｅｄ Ｆｕｅｌ）とは、乾燥・選別・破砕等の前
処理が施された都市ごみ、産業廃棄物等にカルシウム化
合物を加えて成形した燃料のことを言う。The present invention relates to high-strength and long-term stable fly ash generated from the incineration of municipal solid waste, industrial waste, solid waste fuel (RDF) and other waste. And a method for producing a high quality solidified body. In addition, solid waste (RDF: Refuse De)
The term “rived fuel” refers to a fuel formed by adding a calcium compound to municipal waste, industrial waste, or the like that has been subjected to pretreatment such as drying, sorting, and crushing.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】廃棄物焼却灰、特に、焼却飛灰には、Ｐ
ｂ、Ｃｄ等の重金属が多く含まれており、直接埋立処分
ができず、特別管理一般廃棄物として、溶融固化、セメ
ント固化、薬剤（キレート）処理、溶媒抽出のいずれか
による中間処理が義務づけられている。しかし、例え
ば、薬剤処理では高価なキレート剤が処理すべき灰に対
して数％程度必要であり、溶融固化処理では設備費及び
多くのエネルギーが必要となり、これらの中間処理方法
は廃棄物処理費用を増大させる要因となっている。そこ
で、この飛灰を有効利用することで処理費の抑制、最終
処分場の延命等を図る方法のひとつとして、水和固化反
応を利用した固化体の製造方法が多数提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art Waste incineration ash, especially incineration fly ash, includes P
Since it contains a lot of heavy metals such as b and Cd, it cannot be directly landfilled. As a specially managed municipal waste, intermediate treatment by melt solidification, cement solidification, chemical (chelate) treatment, or solvent extraction is required. ing. However, for example, in the chemical treatment, an expensive chelating agent requires about several percent of the ash to be treated, and in the melt-solidification treatment, equipment costs and a lot of energy are required, and these intermediate treatment methods require waste treatment costs. It is a factor that increases. Therefore, as one of the methods for suppressing the processing cost and extending the life of the final disposal site by effectively utilizing the fly ash, there have been proposed many methods for producing a solidified body using a hydration solidification reaction.
【０００３】例えば、特開平１０−２９６２０５号公報
には、フライアッシュ（飛灰）、都市ごみ焼却灰、下水
汚泥焼却灰等に、生石灰、消石灰等の活性カルシウム
源、ＮａＯＨ、ＫＯＨ、Ｎａ2ＣＯ3、Ｋ2ＣＯ3、ＮａＮ
Ｏ3、ＫＮＯ3等の活性アルカリ源を添加・混合し、得ら
れた混合物を加圧成形した後、水熱合成して固化体を製
造する方法が開示されている。また、従来の廃棄物焼却
飛灰固化体の製造方法は、図５に示すように、焼却飛灰
に、添加剤としてアルカリ剤又は／及びシリカやアルミ
ナを含む物質と水とを加えて混練・成形した後、養生し
て水熱固化反応により固化体を製造するものであった。For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-296205 discloses that fly ash, municipal solid waste incineration ash, sewage sludge incineration ash, and the like, an active calcium source such as quicklime and slaked lime, NaOH, KOH, and Na 2 CO 3. 3 , K 2 CO 3 , NaN
A method is disclosed in which an active alkali source such as O 3 or KNO 3 is added and mixed, the resulting mixture is subjected to pressure molding, and then hydrothermally synthesized to produce a solid. As shown in FIG. 5, a conventional method for manufacturing solid waste incineration fly ash is a method of kneading and mixing an incinerated fly ash by adding an alkali agent or / and a substance containing silica or alumina as an additive and water. After being molded, it was cured and a solid was produced by a hydrothermal solidification reaction.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】都市ごみ焼却灰の固化
処理方法において、焼却灰をセメントを用いて固化した
場合、灰中に含まれる金属Ａｌが消石灰と反応して水素
ガスを発生し、固化体を膨張させることが知られている
（例えば、「都市ゴミ焼却灰の固化に関する一考察」、
第３１回地盤工学研究発表会要旨集 第３１９頁〜第３
２０頁、１９９６年７月発行）。また、図５に示すよう
な水熱固化反応を利用した固化体の製造方法では、廃棄
物焼却灰、特に、焼却飛灰に添加剤及び水を加えて混練
・成形した後、養生中に膨張が発生し、得られた固化体
の強度が低くなる場合がある。In the method of solidifying municipal waste incineration ash, when the incineration ash is solidified by using cement, the metal Al contained in the ash reacts with slaked lime to generate hydrogen gas and solidify. It is known that the body expands (for example, "Consideration on solidification of municipal incineration ash",
Abstracts for the 31st Geotechnical Research Presentation Page 319-3
20, July 1996). In addition, in the method for producing a solidified body utilizing a hydrothermal solidification reaction as shown in FIG. 5, an additive and water are added to waste incineration ash, particularly incineration fly ash, and the mixture is kneaded and molded, and then expanded during curing. May occur and the strength of the obtained solidified body may decrease.
【０００５】焼却飛灰を固化させて路盤材等の土木資
材、建築資材等として有効利用を図る場合、アルカリ性
の湿潤雰囲気下では、焼却飛灰中に含まれる両性金属、
例えば、アルミニウムの酸化による水素ガスの発生や、
膨張性の化合物の生成などにより固化体の膨張が起こ
り、土木資材等としての性能が低下したり、有効利用で
きる範囲が限定されることがある。また、例えば、上記
の特開平１０−２９６２０５号公報記載の固化体製造方
法では、養生する前に加圧成形を行っていることから、
養生中の膨張はあまりないと思われるが、この固化体を
土木資材等として使用している間に膨張等の問題が発生
するおそれがある。When the incinerated fly ash is solidified for effective use as a civil engineering material such as a roadbed material, a building material, or the like, in an alkaline humid atmosphere, the amphoteric metal contained in the incinerated fly ash,
For example, generation of hydrogen gas by oxidation of aluminum,
The expansion of the solidified body occurs due to the generation of an expandable compound, etc., and the performance as a civil engineering material or the like may be reduced, or the range of effective use may be limited. Also, for example, in the solidified body manufacturing method described in JP-A-10-296205 described above, since pressure molding is performed before curing,
Although it is thought that expansion during curing is not so much, a problem such as expansion may occur while using the solidified body as a civil engineering material or the like.
【０００６】本発明は上記の諸点に鑑みなされたもの
で、本発明の目的は、焼却飛灰から固化体を製造する際
に膨張を抑制する処理を行うことにより、多種類の灰に
対して高強度の固化体を製造することができ、さらに、
この固化体を実際に利用する場合には、長期的に安定で
強度低下や崩壊等のない高品質の固化体を得ることがで
きる廃棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造方法を提供することに
ある。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and an object of the present invention is to perform a treatment for suppressing expansion when producing a solidified body from incinerated fly ash, so that various types of ash can be treated. High strength solidified body can be manufactured,
When the solidified material is actually used, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a solid waste incinerated fly ash that can obtain a high-quality solidified material that is stable for a long time and has no strength reduction or collapse. .
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに、本発明の廃棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造方法は、廃
棄物を焼却処理した際に発生する焼却飛灰に、水及び温
水の少なくともいずれかを加え、常温〜９８℃で５〜１
２０分間混練して、焼却飛灰中に含まれるアルミニウム
等の両性金属の酸化及び膨張性の化合物の反応を行った
後、アルカリ剤及びシリカやアルミナを含む物質の少な
くともいずれかを添加剤として加えて混練し、水熱固化
反応を利用して固化体を製造するように構成されている
（図１参照）。Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, a method for producing a solidified waste incineration fly ash according to the present invention is characterized in that incineration fly ash generated when waste is incinerated is treated with water and water. Add at least one of warm water, and add
After kneading for 20 minutes to perform oxidation of an amphoteric metal such as aluminum contained in the incineration fly ash and reaction of the expanding compound, at least one of an alkali agent and a substance containing silica or alumina is added as an additive. The solidified body is manufactured using a hydrothermal solidification reaction (see FIG. 1).
【０００８】また、本発明の固化体の製造方法は、廃棄
物を焼却処理した際に発生する焼却飛灰に、水及び温水
の少なくともいずれかを加え、常温〜９８℃で５〜１２
０分間混練し、ついで、常温〜９８℃で０．５〜２４時
間養生して、焼却飛灰中に含まれるアルミニウム等の両
性金属の酸化及び膨張性の化合物の反応を行った後、ア
ルカリ剤及びシリカやアルミナを含む物質の少なくとも
いずれかを添加剤として加えて混練し、水熱固化反応を
利用して固化体を製造することを特徴としている（図２
参照）。Further, according to the method for producing a solidified product of the present invention, at least one of water and hot water is added to incinerated fly ash generated when incinerating waste, and the incinerated fly ash is added at room temperature to 98 ° C. for 5 to 12 hours.
After kneading for 0 minutes, then curing at room temperature to 98 ° C. for 0.5 to 24 hours to oxidize amphoteric metals such as aluminum contained in the incinerated fly ash and to react with a swelling compound, And at least one of a substance containing silica and alumina is added as an additive and kneaded, and a solidified body is produced using a hydrothermal solidification reaction (FIG. 2).
reference).
【０００９】また、本発明の固化体の製造方法は、廃棄
物を焼却処理した際に発生する焼却飛灰に、水及び温水
の少なくともいずれかを加えるとともに、焼却飛灰のpH
が９〜１２．５の範囲内となるように酸性物質及びアル
カリ性物質のいずれかを加え、常温〜９８℃で５〜１２
０分間混練して、焼却飛灰中に含まれるアルミニウム等
の両性金属の酸化及び膨張性の化合物の反応を促進させ
るとともに焼却飛灰の水和反応を抑制するようにした
後、アルカリ剤及びシリカやアルミナを含む物質の少な
くともいずれかを添加剤として加えて混練し、水熱固化
反応を利用して固化体を製造することを特徴としている
（図３参照）。具体的には、焼却飛灰のpHが９未満の場
合にはアルカリ性物質を加え、焼却飛灰のpHが１２．５
を超える場合には酸性物質を加えて、焼却飛灰のpHを９
〜１２．５の範囲に調整する。Further, the method for producing a solidified product according to the present invention is characterized in that at least one of water and hot water is added to incinerated fly ash generated when waste is incinerated, and the pH of the incinerated fly ash is adjusted.
Is added within the range of 9 to 12.5, and either an acidic substance or an alkaline substance is added.
After kneading for 0 minute to promote the oxidation of amphoteric metals such as aluminum contained in the incineration fly ash and the reaction of the expansive compound and to suppress the hydration reaction of the incineration fly ash, an alkali agent and silica It is characterized by adding and kneading at least one of substances containing alumina and alumina as additives and producing a solidified body by using a hydrothermal solidification reaction (see FIG. 3). Specifically, when the pH of the incinerated fly ash is less than 9, an alkaline substance is added, and the pH of the incinerated fly ash becomes 12.5.
If the pH exceeds 9, add an acidic substance to adjust the pH of the incinerated fly ash to 9
Adjust to the range of ~ 12.5.
【００１０】また、本発明の固化体の製造方法は、廃棄
物を焼却処理した際に発生する焼却飛灰に、水及び温水
の少なくともいずれかを加えるとともに、焼却飛灰のpH
が９〜１２．５の範囲内となるように酸性物質及びアル
カリ性物質のいずれかを加え、常温〜９８℃で５〜１２
０分間混練し、ついで、常温〜９８℃で０．５〜２４時
間養生して、焼却飛灰中に含まれるアルミニウム等の両
性金属の酸化及び膨張性の化合物の反応を促進させると
ともに焼却飛灰の水和反応を抑制するようにした後、ア
ルカリ剤及びシリカやアルミナを含む物質の少なくとも
いずれかを添加剤として加えて混練し、水熱固化反応を
利用して固化体を製造することを特徴としている（図４
参照）。[0010] In the method for producing a solidified product according to the present invention, at least one of water and hot water is added to the incinerated fly ash generated when the waste is incinerated, and the pH of the incinerated fly ash is adjusted.
Is added within the range of 9 to 12.5, and either an acidic substance or an alkaline substance is added.
Kneading for 0 minutes, then curing at room temperature to 98 ° C. for 0.5 to 24 hours to accelerate the oxidation of amphoteric metals such as aluminum contained in the incinerated fly ash and the reaction of expandable compounds, After suppressing the hydration reaction of the mixture, at least one of an alkali agent and a substance containing silica or alumina is added as an additive and kneaded, and a solidified product is produced by utilizing a hydrothermal solidification reaction. (Fig. 4
reference).
【００１１】これらの本発明の方法において、添加剤と
して加えるアルカリ剤は、消石灰、生石灰、石灰石、石
こう、セメント、鉄鋼スラグ等が用いられる。また、添
加剤として加えるシリカやアルミナを含む物質は、粘
土、浚渫汚泥、シリカヒューム、石炭灰、珪砂、スラグ
等が用いられる。また、これらの本発明の方法におい
て、焼却飛灰のpHが９未満の場合に添加するアルカリ性
物質としては、消石灰、生石灰、石灰石、セメント、鉄
鋼スラグ等が用いられる。また、焼却飛灰のpHが１２．
５を超える場合に添加する酸性物質としては、硫酸、硫
酸第一鉄、硫酸アルミニウム（硫酸バンド）、シリカヒ
ューム等が用いられる。In the method of the present invention, slaked lime, quicklime, limestone, gypsum, cement, steel slag and the like are used as the alkaline agent as an additive. As the substance containing silica or alumina to be added as an additive, clay, dredged sludge, silica fume, coal ash, silica sand, slag, and the like are used. In these methods of the present invention, slaked lime, quicklime, limestone, cement, steel slag, and the like are used as the alkaline substance to be added when the pH of the incinerated fly ash is less than 9. The pH of the incinerated fly ash is 12.
As the acidic substance to be added when the amount exceeds 5, sulfuric acid, ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate (sulfuric acid band), silica fume and the like are used.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態につい
て説明するが、本発明は下記の実施の形態に何ら限定さ
れるものではなく、適宜変更して実施することができる
ものである。図１は、本発明の実施の第１形態による廃
棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造方法を示している。都市ご
み、産業廃棄物、ＲＤＦ等の廃棄物を焼却処理した際に
発生する焼却飛灰からの固化体の製造時及び利用時にお
ける膨張を抑制するために、図１に示すように、焼却飛
灰１００重量部に対し、水（又は／及び温水）を１５〜
１００重量部、望ましくは２５〜７５重量部加えて混練
機に供給し、常温〜９８℃、望ましくは６０〜９５℃で
５〜１２０分間、望ましくは１０〜６０分間混練（前混
練）することにより、焼却飛灰中に含まれるアルミニウ
ム等の両性金属の酸化及び膨張性の化合物の反応を行
う。なお、焼却飛灰、水は混練機に別々に供給してもよ
く、予め混合した状態で供給してもよい。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and can be implemented with appropriate modifications. FIG. 1 shows a method for manufacturing a solid waste incineration fly ash according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, in order to suppress the expansion during the production and use of solidified material from incineration fly ash generated when incineration of municipal solid waste, industrial waste, RDF, etc. Water (or / and hot water) is 15 to 100 parts by weight of ash.
100 parts by weight, preferably 25 to 75 parts by weight, are fed to a kneader, and kneaded (pre-kneading) at room temperature to 98 ° C., preferably 60 to 95 ° C. for 5 to 120 minutes, preferably 10 to 60 minutes. In addition, the oxidation of amphoteric metals such as aluminum contained in the incineration fly ash and the reaction of swelling compounds are performed. The incinerated fly ash and water may be separately supplied to the kneader, or may be supplied in a state of being mixed in advance.
【００１３】前混練するときの温度が上記範囲の下限値
未満の場合は、アルミニウム等の両性金属の酸化や膨張
性化合物の反応が起こりにくくなり、また、常温以下で
上記の反応を行わせようとすると装置費が増大するとい
う問題があり、前混練するときの温度が上記範囲の上限
値を超える場合は、圧力容器が必要となり装置費が増大
するという問題がある。また、前混練の時間が上記範囲
の下限値未満の場合は、アルミニウム等の両性金属の酸
化や膨張性化合物の反応が十分に行われないという問題
があり、前混練の時間が上記範囲の上限値を超える場合
は、固化反応時に必要な成分まで反応してしまい、後で
混練物が固化しなくなるおそれが生じるという問題があ
る。If the temperature during the pre-kneading is lower than the lower limit of the above range, oxidation of the amphoteric metal such as aluminum and the reaction of the expandable compound are unlikely to occur, and the above reaction may be carried out at room temperature or lower. In this case, there is a problem that the equipment cost increases, and when the temperature at the time of the pre-kneading exceeds the upper limit of the above range, a pressure vessel is required, and thus there is a problem that the equipment cost increases. Further, when the pre-kneading time is less than the lower limit of the above range, there is a problem that the oxidation of the amphoteric metal such as aluminum or the reaction of the expandable compound is not sufficiently performed, and the time of the pre-kneading is set at the upper limit of the above range. When it exceeds the value, the required components are reacted during the solidification reaction, and there is a problem that the kneaded material may not be solidified later.
【００１４】上記の前混練を行った後、この混練物に、
消石灰、生石灰、石灰石、石こう、セメント、鉄鋼スラ
グ等のアルカリ剤、又は／及びシリカやアルミナを含む
物質、例えば、粘土、浚渫汚泥、シリカヒューム、石炭
灰、珪砂、スラグ等を添加剤として加えて、さらに混練
し、ついで、成形機で成形して、例えば、恒温槽やオー
トクレーブ等の養生室にて４０〜２５０℃で３〜２４時
間水蒸気養生を行う。なお、混練物を成形せずに養生す
る場合もある。また、造粒工程等を加える場合もある。
養生を行うことにより、水熱固化反応によってエトリン
ガイト（３ＣａＯ・Ａｌ2Ｏ3・３ＣａＳＯ4・３２Ｈ
2Ｏ）、Ｃ−Ｓ−Ｈ（ケイ酸カルシウム水和物）等が生
成して固化し、水熱固化反応による固化体が得られる。
前記の前混練によりアルミニウム等の両性金属の酸化及
び膨張性化合物の反応を行っているので、養生中に膨張
は起こらず、得られた固化体の強度も高い。After the pre-kneading, the kneaded material is
Alkali agents such as slaked lime, quicklime, limestone, gypsum, cement, steel slag, and / or substances containing silica or alumina, such as clay, dredged sludge, silica fume, coal ash, silica sand, slag, etc. The mixture is further kneaded, then molded by a molding machine, and subjected to steam curing at 40 to 250 ° C. for 3 to 24 hours in a curing room such as a thermostat or an autoclave. In some cases, the kneaded material is cured without being formed. Further, a granulation step or the like may be added.
After curing, ettringite (3CaO.Al 2 O 3 .3CaSO 4 .32H) is obtained by a hydrothermal solidification reaction.
2 O), C—S—H (calcium silicate hydrate) and the like are generated and solidified, and a solidified product by a hydrothermal solidification reaction is obtained.
The oxidation of the amphoteric metal such as aluminum and the reaction of the expandable compound are performed by the pre-kneading, so that no expansion occurs during curing and the strength of the obtained solidified body is high.
【００１５】図２は、本発明の実施の第２形態による廃
棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造方法を示している。焼却飛灰
からの固化体の製造時及び利用時における膨張を抑制す
るために、図２に示すように、焼却飛灰１００重量部に
対し、水（又は／及び温水）を１５〜１００重量部、望
ましくは２５〜７５重量部加えて混練機に供給し、常温
〜９８℃、望ましくは６０〜９５℃で５〜１２０分間、
望ましくは１０〜６０分間混練（前混練）し、ついで、
常温〜９８℃で０．５〜２４時間養生（前養生）するこ
とにより、焼却飛灰中に含まれるアルミニウム等の両性
金属の酸化及び膨張性の化合物の反応を行う。FIG. 2 shows a method for producing solidified waste incineration fly ash according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, 15 to 100 parts by weight of water (or / and hot water) is added to 100 parts by weight of incinerated fly ash in order to suppress expansion during production and use of the solidified body from incinerated fly ash. 25 to 75 parts by weight of the mixture, and the mixture is supplied to the kneader, and is usually at room temperature to 98 ° C, preferably at 60 to 95 ° C for 5 to 120 minutes.
Desirably kneading (pre-kneading) for 10 to 60 minutes, then
Curing (pre-curing) at normal temperature to 98 ° C. for 0.5 to 24 hours causes oxidation of an amphoteric metal such as aluminum contained in incineration fly ash and reaction of a swelling compound.
【００１６】前養生するときの温度が上記範囲の下限値
未満の場合、常温以下でアルミニウム等の両性金属の酸
化及び膨張性の化合物の反応を行わせようとすると装置
費が増大するという問題があり、前養生するときの温度
が上記範囲の上限値を超える場合は、圧力容器が必要と
なり装置費が増大するという問題がある。また、前養生
の時間が上記範囲の下限値未満の場合は、十分に固化体
の膨張要因を除去できないという問題があり、前養生の
時間が上記範囲の上限値を超える場合は、灰の水硬性が
損なわれ、また、装置が大型化するという問題がある。If the temperature at the time of pre-curing is lower than the lower limit of the above range, there is a problem that the equipment cost increases if the oxidation of an amphoteric metal such as aluminum and the reaction of an expandable compound are carried out at room temperature or lower. If the temperature at the time of pre-curing exceeds the upper limit of the above range, a pressure vessel is required, and there is a problem that the cost of the apparatus increases. In addition, if the pre-curing time is less than the lower limit of the above range, there is a problem that the expansion factor of the solidified body cannot be sufficiently removed.If the pre-curing time exceeds the upper limit of the above range, ash water is used. There is a problem that the hardness is impaired and the device is enlarged.
【００１７】上記の前混練・前養生を行った後、この混
練物に、消石灰、生石灰、石灰石、石こう、セメント、
鉄鋼スラグ等のアルカリ剤、又は／及びシリカやアルミ
ナを含む物質、例えば、粘土、浚渫汚泥、シリカヒュー
ム、石炭灰、珪砂、スラグ等を添加剤として加えて、さ
らに混練し、ついで、成形機で成形して、例えば、恒温
槽やオートクレーブ等の養生室にて４０〜２５０℃で３
〜２４時間水蒸気養生を行う。前記の前混練によりアル
ミニウム等の両性金属の酸化及び膨張性化合物の反応を
行っているので、養生中に膨張は起こらず、得られた固
化体の強度も高い。他の構成及び作用は、実施の第１形
態の場合と同様である。After the above pre-kneading and pre-curing, slaked lime, quick lime, limestone, gypsum, cement,
Alkaline agents such as steel slag, or / and substances containing silica and alumina, for example, clay, dredged sludge, silica fume, coal ash, silica sand, slag, etc. are added as additives, and the mixture is further kneaded. After molding, for example, at a temperature of 40 to 250 ° C.
Perform steam curing for ~ 24 hours. The oxidation of the amphoteric metal such as aluminum and the reaction of the expandable compound are performed by the pre-kneading, so that no expansion occurs during curing and the strength of the obtained solidified body is high. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
【００１８】図３は、本発明の実施の第３形態による廃
棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造方法を示している。焼却飛灰
からの固化体の製造時及び利用時における膨張を抑制す
るために、図３に示すように、焼却飛灰１００重量部に
対し、水（又は／及び温水）を１５〜１００重量部、望
ましくは２５〜７５重量部加えて混練機に供給し、常温
〜９８℃、望ましくは６０〜９５℃で５〜１２０分間、
望ましくは１０〜６０分間混練（前混練）することによ
り、焼却飛灰中に含まれるアルミニウム等の両性金属の
酸化及び膨張性の化合物の反応を行う。FIG. 3 shows a method for producing solidified waste incineration fly ash according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, 15 to 100 parts by weight of water (or / and hot water) is added to 100 parts by weight of incinerated fly ash in order to suppress expansion during the production and use of the solidified body from incinerated fly ash. 25 to 75 parts by weight of the mixture, and the mixture is supplied to the kneader, and is usually at room temperature to 98 ° C, preferably at 60 to 95 ° C for 5 to 120 minutes.
Desirably, by kneading (pre-kneading) for 10 to 60 minutes, the oxidation of an amphoteric metal such as aluminum contained in the incineration fly ash and the reaction of the expandable compound are performed.
【００１９】このとき、焼却飛灰のpHが９未満の場合に
は、アルカリ性の物質、例えば、消石灰、生石灰、石灰
石、セメント、鉄鋼スラグ等を添加し、焼却飛灰のpHが
１２．５を超える場合には、酸性の物質、例えば、硫
酸、硫酸第一鉄、硫酸アルミニウム（Ａｌ2（Ｓ
Ｏ4）3）、シリカヒューム等を添加して、焼却飛灰のpH
が９〜１２．５の範囲になるように調整する。焼却飛灰
のpHを９〜１２．５の範囲に調整することで、焼却飛灰
中に含まれるアルミニウム等の両性金属の酸化及び膨張
性の化合物の反応を促進させるとともに焼却飛灰の水和
反応を抑制して、混練物の膨張を抑制し、より高品質な
固化体を得ることが可能になる。具体的に、焼却飛灰の
pHが９未満の場合は、金属Ａｌ等の両性金属の酸化が不
十分になるという問題があり、焼却飛灰のpHが１２．５
を超える場合は、灰の水硬性が損なわれるという問題が
ある。At this time, when the pH of the incinerated fly ash is less than 9, an alkaline substance, for example, slaked lime, quick lime, limestone, cement, steel slag, or the like is added to adjust the pH of the incinerated fly ash to 12.5. If so, acidic substances such as sulfuric acid, ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate (Al 2 (S
O 4 ) 3 ), add silica fume, etc., and incinerate fly ash pH
Is adjusted in the range of 9 to 12.5. By adjusting the pH of the incinerated fly ash to a range of 9 to 12.5, the oxidation of the amphoteric metal such as aluminum contained in the incinerated fly ash and the reaction of the expandable compound are promoted, and the hydration of the incinerated fly ash is promoted. The reaction is suppressed, the expansion of the kneaded material is suppressed, and a higher-quality solid can be obtained. Specifically, incineration fly ash
When the pH is less than 9, there is a problem that the oxidation of the amphoteric metal such as metal Al becomes insufficient.
When it exceeds, there is a problem that the hydraulic properties of the ash are impaired.
【００２０】上記の前混練及びpH調整を行った後、この
混練物に、消石灰、生石灰、石灰石、石こう、セメン
ト、鉄鋼スラグ等のアルカリ剤、又は／及びシリカやア
ルミナを含む物質、例えば、粘土、浚渫汚泥、シリカヒ
ューム、石炭灰、珪砂、スラグ等を添加剤として加え
て、さらに混練し、ついで、成形機で成形して、例え
ば、恒温槽やオートクレーブ等の養生室にて４０〜２５
０℃で３〜２４時間水蒸気養生を行う。前記の前混練及
びpH調整により、アルミニウム等の両性金属の酸化及び
膨張性の化合物の反応を促進させるとともに焼却飛灰の
水和反応を抑制しているので、養生中等に膨張は起こら
ず、得られた固化体の強度も非常に高い。他の構成及び
作用は、実施の第１形態の場合と同様である。After the above pre-kneading and pH adjustment, the kneaded material is added to an alkali agent such as slaked lime, quicklime, limestone, gypsum, cement, steel slag, and / or a substance containing silica or alumina, for example, clay. , Dredging sludge, silica fume, coal ash, silica sand, slag, etc. are added as additives, and further kneaded, and then molded by a molding machine, for example, in a curing room such as a thermostatic oven or an autoclave.
Perform steam curing at 0 ° C. for 3 to 24 hours. By the pre-kneading and pH adjustment, the oxidation of amphoteric metals such as aluminum and the reaction of the expandable compound are promoted and the hydration reaction of incinerated fly ash is suppressed, so that expansion does not occur during curing and the like. The strength of the solidified product is also very high. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
【００２１】図４は、本発明の実施の第４形態による廃
棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造方法を示している。焼却飛灰
からの固化体の製造時及び利用時における膨張を抑制す
るために、図４に示すように、焼却飛灰１００重量部に
対し、水（又は／及び温水）を１５〜１００重量部、望
ましくは２５〜７５重量部加えて混練機に供給し、常温
〜９８℃、望ましくは６０〜９５℃で５〜１２０分間、
望ましくは１０〜６０分間混練（前混練）し、ついで、
常温〜９８℃で０．５〜２４時間養生（前養生）するこ
とにより、焼却飛灰中に含まれるアルミニウム等の両性
金属の酸化及び膨張性の化合物の反応を行う。FIG. 4 shows a method for producing solidified waste incineration fly ash according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, 15 to 100 parts by weight of water (or / and hot water) is added to 100 parts by weight of incinerated fly ash in order to suppress expansion during production and use of the solidified body from incinerated fly ash. 25 to 75 parts by weight of the mixture, and the mixture is supplied to the kneader, and is usually at room temperature to 98 ° C, preferably at 60 to 95 ° C for 5 to 120 minutes.
Desirably kneading (pre-kneading) for 10 to 60 minutes, then
Curing (pre-curing) at normal temperature to 98 ° C. for 0.5 to 24 hours causes oxidation of an amphoteric metal such as aluminum contained in incineration fly ash and reaction of a swelling compound.
【００２２】前混練の際に、焼却飛灰のpHが９未満の場
合には、アルカリ性の物質、例えば、消石灰、生石灰、
石灰石、セメント、鉄鋼スラグ等を添加し、焼却飛灰の
pHが１２．５を超える場合には、酸性の物質、例えば、
硫酸、硫酸第一鉄、硫酸アルミニウム（Ａｌ2（ＳＯ4）
3）、シリカヒューム等を添加して、焼却飛灰のpHが９
〜１２．５の範囲になるように調整する。焼却飛灰のpH
を９〜１２．５の範囲に調整することで、焼却飛灰中に
含まれるアルミニウム等の両性金属の酸化及び膨張性の
化合物の反応を促進させるとともに焼却飛灰の水和反応
を抑制して、混練物の膨張を抑制し、より高品質な固化
体を得ることが可能になる。When the pH of the incinerated fly ash is less than 9 during the pre-kneading, an alkaline substance such as slaked lime, quick lime,
Add limestone, cement, steel slag, etc.
If the pH is above 12.5, acidic substances, such as
Sulfuric acid, ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate (Al 2 (SO 4 )
3 ) Add silica fume, etc. to make the pH of incinerated fly ash 9
Adjust so as to be in the range of ~ 12.5. PH of incinerated fly ash
Is adjusted to the range of 9 to 12.5, thereby promoting the oxidation of amphoteric metals such as aluminum contained in the incineration fly ash and the reaction of the expansive compound and suppressing the hydration reaction of the incineration fly ash. In addition, it is possible to suppress the expansion of the kneaded material and obtain a higher quality solidified body.
【００２３】上記の前混練・pH調整及び前養生を行った
後、この混練物に、消石灰、生石灰、石灰石、石こう、
セメント、鉄鋼スラグ等のアルカリ剤、又は／及びシリ
カやアルミナを含む物質、例えば、粘土、浚渫汚泥、シ
リカヒューム、石炭灰、珪砂、スラグ等を添加剤として
加えて、さらに混練し、ついで、成形機で成形して、例
えば、恒温槽やオートクレーブ等の養生室にて４０〜２
５０℃で３〜２４時間水蒸気養生を行う。前記の前混練
及びpH調整により、アルミニウム等の両性金属の酸化及
び膨張性の化合物の反応を促進させるとともに焼却飛灰
の水和反応を抑制しているので、養生中等に膨張は起こ
らず、得られた固化体の強度も非常に高い。他の構成及
び作用は、実施の第１、第２、第３形態の場合と同様で
ある。After the above-mentioned pre-kneading, pH adjustment and pre-curing, slaked lime, quick lime, limestone, gypsum,
Cement, an alkaline agent such as steel slag, and / or a substance containing silica or alumina, for example, clay, dredged sludge, silica fume, coal ash, silica sand, slag, etc. are added as additives, and further kneaded, and then formed. And molded in a curing room such as a thermostat or autoclave.
Perform steam curing at 50 ° C. for 3 to 24 hours. By the pre-kneading and pH adjustment, the oxidation of amphoteric metals such as aluminum and the reaction of the expandable compound are promoted and the hydration reaction of incinerated fly ash is suppressed, so that expansion does not occur during curing and the like. The strength of the solidified product is also very high. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first, second, and third embodiments.
【００２４】[0024]
【実施例】以下に実施例及び比較例を示し、本発明の特
徴とするところをより一層明確にする。 実施例１ 表１に示す組成の焼却飛灰１００重量部に水４０重量部
を加え、９５℃で３０分間混練（前混練）した後、添加
剤としてセメント２０重量部を加えて混練し、ついで、
型枠を用いてφ５０mm×Ｈ１００mmに成形し、９５℃で
１５時間養生したところ、養生中に膨張は見られず、得
られた固化体の一軸圧縮強度は１０３kgf／cm2であった
（図１参照）。なお、焼却飛灰と水との混合物（飛灰ス
ラリー）のpHは１２．７であった。EXAMPLES Examples and comparative examples are shown below to further clarify the features of the present invention. Example 1 40 parts by weight of water was added to 100 parts by weight of incinerated fly ash having the composition shown in Table 1, kneaded (pre-kneaded) at 95 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then 20 parts by weight of cement was added as an additive and kneaded. ,
When molded into a φ50 mm × H100 mm using a mold and cured at 95 ° C. for 15 hours, no expansion was observed during the curing, and the uniaxial compressive strength of the obtained solid was 103 kgf / cm 2 (FIG. 1). reference). The pH of the mixture (fly ash slurry) of incinerated fly ash and water was 12.7.
【００２５】実施例２ 実施例１と同じ組成の焼却飛灰１００重量部に水４５重
量部を加え、pHを測定したところ１２．７であった。そ
こで、硫酸を加えて、飛灰スラリーのpHを１１．０に調
整した後、９５℃で４５分間混練（前混練）した。その
後、添加剤としてセメント２０重量部を加えて混練し、
ついで、型枠を用いてφ５０mm×Ｈ１００mmに成形し、
９５℃で１５時間養生したところ、養生中に膨張は見ら
れず、得られた固化体の一軸圧縮強度は１３５kgf／cm2
であった（図３参照）。Example 2 45 parts by weight of water was added to 100 parts by weight of incinerated fly ash having the same composition as in Example 1, and the pH was measured to be 12.7. Then, sulfuric acid was added to adjust the pH of the fly ash slurry to 11.0, and then kneaded (pre-kneading) at 95 ° C. for 45 minutes. Thereafter, 20 parts by weight of cement was added as an additive and kneaded,
Then, it is formed into φ50mm × H100mm using a mold,
After curing at 95 ° C. for 15 hours, no expansion was observed during curing, and the uniaxial compressive strength of the obtained solid was 135 kgf / cm 2.
(See FIG. 3).
【００２６】比較例１ 実施例１、２と同じ組成の焼却飛灰１００重量部に、添
加剤としてセメント２０重量部と水３５重量部とを加
え、５分間混練した後、型枠を用いてφ５０mm×Ｈ１０
０mmに成形し、９５℃で１５時間養生したところ、養生
中に９．５mmの高さの膨張が見られた。得られた固化体
の一軸圧縮強度は２５kgf／cm2であった（図５参照）。
なお、焼却飛灰と水との混合物（飛灰スラリー）のpHは
１２．７であった。Comparative Example 1 20 parts by weight of cement and 35 parts by weight of water were added as additives to 100 parts by weight of incinerated fly ash having the same composition as in Examples 1 and 2, and kneaded for 5 minutes. φ50mm × H10
When molded to 0 mm and cured at 95 ° C. for 15 hours, an expansion of 9.5 mm in height was observed during curing. The uniaxial compressive strength of the obtained solid was 25 kgf / cm 2 (see FIG. 5).
The pH of the mixture (fly ash slurry) of incinerated fly ash and water was 12.7.
【００２７】[0027]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】本発明は上記のように構成されているの
で、つぎのような効果を奏する。 （１） 焼却飛灰に、水及び温水の少なくともいずれか
を加え、常温〜９８℃で５〜１２０分間混練（前混練）
した後、添加剤を加えて混練し、水熱固化反応を利用し
て固化体を製造することにより、前混練において、焼却
飛灰中に含まれるアルミニウム等の両性金属の酸化及び
膨張性の化合物の反応が行われ、固化体の製造時及び利
用時における膨張を抑制することができる。 （２） 前混練において、焼却飛灰のpHが９〜１２．５
の範囲となるように調整する場合は、焼却飛灰中に含ま
れるアルミニウム等の両性金属の酸化及び膨張性の化合
物の反応を促進させるとともに焼却飛灰の水和反応を抑
制して、固化体の製造時及び利用時における膨張をより
一層抑制することができ、より高品質な固化体を得るこ
とが可能になる。 （３） 焼却飛灰から固化体を製造する際に膨張を抑制
する処理を行うことにより、多種類の灰に対して高強度
の固化体を製造することができ、さらに、この固化体を
実際に利用する場合には、長期的に安定で強度低下や崩
壊等のない高品質の固化体を得ることができる。 （４） 多種類の灰に対して、高強度、かつ、長期的に
安定な高品質の固化体を製造することができ、路盤材等
の土木資材、建築資材等に有効利用することができる。
また、固化体を有効利用できる範囲が大幅に拡大する。 （５） 前混練を行い、ついで、常温〜９８℃で０．５
〜２４時間養生した後、添加剤を加えて混練し、水熱固
化反応を利用して固化体を製造する場合は、固化体の膨
張による強度低下がより効果的に抑制され、また、固化
体において重金属のさらなる安定化を図ることができ
る。As described above, the present invention has the following effects. (1) At least one of water and warm water is added to incinerated fly ash, and kneaded at normal temperature to 98 ° C for 5 to 120 minutes (pre-kneading)
After adding, kneading by adding an additive, by producing a solidified body utilizing a hydrothermal solidification reaction, in the pre-kneading, oxidation and expansion of amphoteric metal such as aluminum contained in incineration fly ash Is performed, and expansion during the production and utilization of the solidified body can be suppressed. (2) In pre-kneading, the pH of incinerated fly ash is 9 to 12.5.
When adjusted to be within the range, the oxidation of amphoteric metals such as aluminum contained in the incineration fly ash and the reaction of the expansive compound and the hydration reaction of the incineration fly ash are suppressed, The expansion during production and use of can be further suppressed, and a higher quality solidified body can be obtained. (3) By performing a process of suppressing expansion when producing a solidified body from incinerated fly ash, a high-strength solidified body can be manufactured for various types of ash. In the case where the solid is used for a long time, it is possible to obtain a high-quality solid which is stable for a long term and has no strength reduction or collapse. (4) High-strength and long-term stable high-quality solids can be manufactured for many types of ash, and can be effectively used for civil engineering materials such as roadbed materials and building materials. .
In addition, the range in which the solidified body can be effectively used is greatly expanded. (5) Perform pre-kneading and then at room temperature to 98 ° C for 0.5
After curing for ~ 24 hours, when additives are added and kneaded to produce a solid using a hydrothermal solidification reaction, a decrease in strength due to expansion of the solid is more effectively suppressed. In this case, further stabilization of heavy metals can be achieved.
【図１】本発明の実施の第１形態による廃棄物焼却飛灰
固化体の製造方法を示す工程図である。FIG. 1 is a process chart showing a method for producing a solidified waste incineration fly ash according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の実施の第２形態による廃棄物焼却飛灰
固化体の製造方法を示す工程図である。FIG. 2 is a process chart showing a method for producing a solidified waste incineration fly ash according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の実施の第３形態による廃棄物焼却飛灰
固化体の製造方法を示す工程図である。FIG. 3 is a process chart showing a method for producing a solidified waste incineration fly ash according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の実施の第４形態による廃棄物焼却飛灰
固化体の製造方法を示す工程図である。FIG. 4 is a process chart showing a method for producing a solidified incineration fly ash according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】従来の廃棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造方法を示す
工程図である。FIG. 5 is a process chart showing a conventional method for producing a solid waste incineration fly ash.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 柴田 泰典 兵庫県明石市川崎町１番１号 川崎重工業 株式会社明石工場内 (72)発明者 谷山 教幸 兵庫県明石市川崎町１番１号 川崎重工業 株式会社明石工場内 Ｆターム(参考） 4D004 AA37 AA46 AB03 CA15 CA34 CA35 CA36 CA45 CC03 CC06 CC11 CC12 CC13 DA03 DA06 DA20 4G012 PA26 PA27 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yasunori Shibata 1-1, Kawasaki-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Inside Akashi Plant (72) Inventor Noriyuki Taniyama 1-1-1, Kawasaki-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki 4D004 AA37 AA46 AB03 CA15 CA34 CA35 CA36 CA45 CC03 CC06 CC11 CC12 CC13 DA03 DA06 DA20 4G012 PA26 PA27
Claims (8)
飛灰に、水及び温水の少なくともいずれかを加え、常温
〜９８℃で５〜１２０分間混練して、焼却飛灰中に含ま
れるアルミニウム等の両性金属の酸化及び膨張性の化合
物の反応を行った後、アルカリ剤及びシリカやアルミナ
を含む物質の少なくともいずれかを添加剤として加えて
混練し、水熱固化反応を利用して固化体を製造すること
を特徴とする廃棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造方法。At least one of water and hot water is added to incineration fly ash generated when incinerating waste, and the mixture is kneaded at room temperature to 98 ° C. for 5 to 120 minutes to be included in the incineration fly ash. After the oxidation of the amphoteric metal such as aluminum and the reaction of the expanding compound, at least one of an alkali agent and a substance containing silica or alumina is added as an additive, kneaded, and solidified using a hydrothermal solidification reaction. A method for producing a solidified waste incineration fly ash, which comprises producing a body.
飛灰に、水及び温水の少なくともいずれかを加え、常温
〜９８℃で５〜１２０分間混練し、ついで、常温〜９８
℃で０．５〜２４時間養生して、焼却飛灰中に含まれる
アルミニウム等の両性金属の酸化及び膨張性の化合物の
反応を行った後、アルカリ剤及びシリカやアルミナを含
む物質の少なくともいずれかを添加剤として加えて混練
し、水熱固化反応を利用して固化体を製造することを特
徴とする廃棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造方法。2. At least one of water and hot water is added to the incinerated fly ash generated when the waste is incinerated, and the mixture is kneaded at normal temperature to 98 ° C. for 5 to 120 minutes.
After curing at 0.5 ° C. for 0.5 to 24 hours to perform oxidation of an amphoteric metal such as aluminum contained in the incineration fly ash and reaction of an expanding compound, at least one of an alkali agent and a substance containing silica or alumina is used. A method for producing solidified waste incineration fly ash, comprising adding kneaded material as an additive, kneading the mixture, and producing a solidified product using a hydrothermal solidification reaction.
飛灰に、水及び温水の少なくともいずれかを加えるとと
もに、焼却飛灰のpHが９〜１２．５の範囲内となるよう
に酸性物質及びアルカリ性物質のいずれかを加え、常温
〜９８℃で５〜１２０分間混練して、焼却飛灰中に含ま
れるアルミニウム等の両性金属の酸化及び膨張性の化合
物の反応を促進させるとともに焼却飛灰の水和反応を抑
制するようにした後、アルカリ剤及びシリカやアルミナ
を含む物質の少なくともいずれかを添加剤として加えて
混練し、水熱固化反応を利用して固化体を製造すること
を特徴とする廃棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造方法。3. An incineration fly ash generated when the waste is incinerated is added with at least one of water and hot water, and acidified so that the pH of the incineration fly ash falls within a range of 9 to 12.5. One of a substance and an alkaline substance is added and kneaded at normal temperature to 98 ° C. for 5 to 120 minutes to promote oxidation of amphoteric metal such as aluminum contained in the incinerated fly ash and reaction of the expansive compound and to incinerate the incinerated fly. After suppressing the hydration reaction of the ash, adding at least one of an alkali agent and a substance containing silica or alumina as an additive, kneading the mixture, and producing a solid using the hydrothermal solidification reaction. A method for producing solidified waste incineration fly ash.
飛灰に、水及び温水の少なくともいずれかを加えるとと
もに、焼却飛灰のpHが９〜１２．５の範囲内となるよう
に酸性物質及びアルカリ性物質のいずれかを加え、常温
〜９８℃で５〜１２０分間混練し、ついで、常温〜９８
℃で０．５〜２４時間養生して、焼却飛灰中に含まれる
アルミニウム等の両性金属の酸化及び膨張性の化合物の
反応を促進させるとともに焼却飛灰の水和反応を抑制す
るようにした後、アルカリ剤及びシリカやアルミナを含
む物質の少なくともいずれかを添加剤として加えて混練
し、水熱固化反応を利用して固化体を製造することを特
徴とする廃棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造方法。4. An incineration fly ash generated when the waste is incinerated is treated with at least one of water and hot water, and is acidified so that the pH of the incineration fly ash falls within a range of 9 to 12.5. One of the substance and the alkaline substance is added, and the mixture is kneaded at a normal temperature to 98 ° C. for 5 to 120 minutes.
Cured at 0.5 ° C. for 0.5 to 24 hours to promote the oxidation of amphoteric metals such as aluminum contained in the incineration fly ash and the reaction of the expansive compound and to suppress the hydration reaction of the incineration fly ash. Thereafter, at least one of an alkali agent and a substance containing silica or alumina is added as an additive and kneaded, and the solidified waste incineration is characterized by producing a solidified body using a hydrothermal solidification reaction. Production method.
灰、生石灰、石灰石、石こう、鉄鋼スラグ及びセメント
の少なくともいずれかである請求項１〜４のいずれかに
記載の廃棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造方法。5. The solidified waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline agent added as an additive is at least one of slaked lime, quick lime, limestone, gypsum, steel slag and cement. Production method.
含む物質が、粘土、浚渫汚泥、シリカヒューム、石炭
灰、珪砂及びスラグの少なくともいずれかである請求項
１〜５のいずれかに記載の廃棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造
方法。6. The waste according to claim 1, wherein the substance containing silica or alumina to be added as an additive is at least one of clay, dredged sludge, silica fume, coal ash, silica sand and slag. Manufacturing method of solidified incinerated fly ash.
アルカリ性物質が、消石灰、生石灰、石灰石、鉄鋼スラ
グ及びセメントの少なくともいずれかである請求項１〜
６のいずれかに記載の廃棄物焼却飛灰固化体の製造方
法。7. The alkaline substance to be added when the pH of the incinerated fly ash is less than 9, is at least one of slaked lime, quicklime, limestone, steel slag and cement.
6. The method for producing a solidified waste incineration fly ash according to any one of 6.
添加する酸性物質が、硫酸、硫酸第一鉄、硫酸アルミニ
ウム及びシリカヒュームの少なくともいずれかである請
求項１〜６のいずれかに記載の廃棄物焼却飛灰固化体の
製造方法。8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acidic substance added when the pH of the incinerated fly ash exceeds 12.5 is at least one of sulfuric acid, ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate and silica fume. 4. The method for producing a solidified waste incineration fly ash described in 1. above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11952799A JP3415067B2 (en) | 1999-04-27 | 1999-04-27 | Manufacturing method of solidified waste incineration fly ash |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11952799A JP3415067B2 (en) | 1999-04-27 | 1999-04-27 | Manufacturing method of solidified waste incineration fly ash |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000308867A true JP2000308867A (en) | 2000-11-07 |
| JP3415067B2 JP3415067B2 (en) | 2003-06-09 |
Family
ID=14763502
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11952799A Expired - Fee Related JP3415067B2 (en) | 1999-04-27 | 1999-04-27 | Manufacturing method of solidified waste incineration fly ash |
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| JP2012076009A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-04-19 | Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd | Method of producing granulated and solidified body from biomass incineration ash |
| JP4846876B1 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-12-28 | 株式会社大協組 | Manufacturing method of materials made from incinerated ash |
| JP5190975B1 (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-04-24 | 株式会社太平洋コンサルタント | Solidification method for combustible waste incineration ash and its solidified body |
| CN108721824A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-02 | 重庆大学 | The method of incineration of refuse flyash synchronism stability heavy metal and degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons |
| CN108721824B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2020-08-11 | 重庆大学 | Method for simultaneous stabilization of heavy metals and degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by waste incineration fly ash |
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