JP2000283203A - Rubber support body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To give different horizontal spring characteristics in two directions and perform conveyance and mounting efficiently by embedding a rigid shrinking linear member horizontally in either of two orthogonal directions in a rubber support body used for supporting a structural body such as a bridge. SOLUTION: A rubber support body has plates made of steel plates integrally formed with both upper and lower faces of a rubber main body 1, which is constituted by, for example, four rubber plates 2 made of natural rubber, three steel plates 3 laminated and integrally formed among each rubber plate 2, and a plurality of wires 4 embedded in each rubber plate 2. Each wire 4 has some elasticity, such wire that has a structure in which steel wires are minutely twisted like fibers is used, and the wire is embedded along the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of a bridge pier while it is shrunk forcedly. Consequently, a tension force in a fixed direction is given to the rubber main body 1 by the wire 4 having a large contact area with a rubber material to prevent lateral shifting.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rubber bearing used for supporting various structures such as a bridge (bridge girder), and has a different horizontal spring characteristic in two orthogonal directions. It is about the body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, bridge technology has been remarkably advanced, and the scale of the bridge has been increasing year by year. Accordingly, many long bridges have been designed. As a supporting method for such a long bridge, conventionally, a long span bridge girder is used and fixedly supported by a seismic isolation type rubber bearing fixed to a number of piers. Bridges of this type of bearing are said to be of the type that distributes reaction (horizontal force), and effectively utilizes the horizontal rigidity of the rubber bearing to arbitrarily distribute the inertia force of the bridge girder to each pier. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the pier is equalized, and the balance of the entire bridge is improved.

[0003] As shown in FIG. 10, the rubber bearing body is composed of a rubber body 21 formed by alternately laminating and integrating a rubber plate and a steel plate (both not shown). The lower plate 22 is fixed to the lower base plate 24 fixed to the pier 30 with bolts 26, and the upper plate 23 is connected to both ends of the bridge girder 31 in the longitudinal direction. (Only one end is shown in the drawing.) A bolt 27 is fixed to an upper sole plate 25 fixed to the upper sole plate 25. The rubber plate 2 is provided on the lower plate 22 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bridge girder (in the drawing, the left-right direction).
A pair of side blocks 28 are provided upright on both sides to prevent the rubber bearing body from moving (laterally shifting) in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned rubber support, a pair of side blocks 28 are provided on both sides of the rubber main body 21, so that the length in the horizontal direction becomes long. Further, since both side blocks 28 are erected on the lower plate 22, the strength of the lower plate 22 needs to be increased, and the thickness of the lower plate 22 increases accordingly. Further, if the lateral displacement occurs, the upper plate 23 comes into contact with the side block 28, so that the strength of the upper plate 23 needs to be increased, and the thickness of the upper plate 23 increases accordingly. For this reason, the length in the vertical direction becomes longer, the rubber bearing body becomes larger, and the weight becomes heavy and expensive. In addition, when the size of the rubber bearing is increased and the weight becomes heavy, it is difficult to replace the rubber bearing in the future. In addition, since both side blocks 28 are erected on the lower plate 22, the shape of the rubber bearing is slightly complicated, and furthermore, it becomes difficult to replace the rubber bearing. In addition, it takes time to transport and mount the device. Moreover, when the rubber bearing body shrinks, the upper ends of both side blocks 28 may hit the lower surface of the bridge girder 31 or the like, and the shape near both side blocks 28 is restricted accordingly.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is compact, lightweight, inexpensive, can easily cope with replacement work, can be efficiently transported and mounted, and has a very limited peripheral shape. The purpose is to provide a rubber bearing that does not.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a shrinkable linear member having rigidity in one of two orthogonal directions. A first aspect is a rubber bearing body having different horizontal spring characteristics. A linear member having rigidity in one of two orthogonal directions is buried horizontally, and rubber bearings are provided on both side surfaces along the other direction. A holding member for compressing the body inward is provided, and a rubber support body having a pair of holding members fixed to both ends of the linear member has a second gist, and has rigidity in one of two orthogonal directions. By burying the linear member having horizontally,
A third aspect is a rubber bearing having different horizontal spring characteristics in the two directions.

That is, the first rubber bearing of the present invention is:
Since the shrinking linear member having rigidity in one of two orthogonal directions is buried horizontally, the force of the shrinking linear member to shrink inward causes the surrounding rubber material to inward. It is hardened by being pulled. Therefore, even if a force is applied to the first rubber bearing body to move it from one side to the other side along the one direction,
The pulling force acts as a resistance to this force, and the movement (horizontal displacement) due to horizontal spring deformation in the one direction is suppressed. On the other hand, for horizontal displacement in the other direction,
The characteristics inherent in the first rubber bearing are maintained. As described above, the first rubber bearing body has different horizontal spring characteristics in two orthogonal directions because the horizontal displacement in the one direction is suppressed.

As a result, by disposing the one direction along a desired direction (for example, in a bridge, a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the bridge girder), horizontal displacement (for example, a rubber bearing) in the one direction is provided. Lateral displacement of the body) can be prevented. For this reason, unlike the conventional example, there is no need to stand both side blocks 28 on the lower plate 22, and the length in the lateral direction can be shortened. In addition, the upper and lower plates 22, 23
Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the thickness, and the thickness can be reduced accordingly, and the length in the vertical direction can be reduced. Therefore, the size of the rubber bearing is small, light and inexpensive. In addition, since the rubber bearing is reduced in size and weight is reduced, it is possible to easily cope with a future replacement operation of the rubber bearing. Further, since there is no both side blocks 28, the shape of the rubber bearing is simplified, the replacement work of the rubber bearing is further facilitated, and there is no trouble in transporting and mounting, and the working efficiency is improved. In addition, even if the rubber bearing is shrunk, there is no contact with the lower surface of the bridge girder 31 and the shape around the rubber bearing is not restricted by that much.

In the second rubber bearing of the present invention, a linear member having rigidity in one of two orthogonal directions is buried horizontally and fixed to both ends of the linear member. The sandwiching member compresses both side surfaces along the other direction inward along the one direction. Therefore, even if a force is applied to the second rubber bearing body to move it from one side to the other side along the one direction, the compressive force acts as a resistance to this force. The horizontal displacement in one direction is suppressed. On the other hand, with respect to horizontal displacement in the other direction, the characteristic inherent to the second rubber bearing is maintained. Thus, the second rubber bearing of the present invention also has different horizontal spring characteristics in two orthogonal directions because the horizontal displacement in one direction is suppressed. For this reason,
An effect similar to that of the first rubber bearing is provided.

In the third rubber bearing of the present invention, a linear member having rigidity is buried horizontally in one of two orthogonal directions. Even if a force is applied to move this from one side to the other side along the other direction, the movement is not smoothly performed by the linear member, and the horizontal displacement in the other direction is suppressed.
On the other hand, with respect to the horizontal displacement in one direction, the characteristics inherent in the third rubber bearing are maintained. Thus, the third rubber bearing of the present invention also has different horizontal spring characteristics in two orthogonal directions because the horizontal displacement in the other direction is suppressed. For this reason, the same effect as that of the first rubber bearing is exerted.

In the present invention, when a large number of the linear members are buried and the burying density is higher on the outer side than on the inner side of the rubber bearing, the outer wire material buried more densely on the inner side in the other direction is used. Horizontal displacement can be further suppressed.

[0012]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the rubber bearing of the present invention. This rubber bearing is fixed to the upper part of the pier 30 in the bridge, and is used to support both ends of the bridge girder 31 (see FIG. 5). In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a rubber main body, and reference numerals 11 and 12 denote plates made of a flat steel plate integrated on both upper and lower surfaces of the rubber main body 1. Of these upper and lower plates 11, 12, the lower plate 11 has a thickness of 22.
mm and the conventional one (the lower plate 2 shown in FIG. 10).
It is approximately half of the thickness of 40 mm in 2). The thickness of the upper plate 12 is 36 mm, which is approximately half the thickness of the conventional one (the upper plate 23 shown in FIG. 10) of 70 mm.

The rubber body 1 is substantially rectangular parallelepiped (70 cm × 7
0 cm), as shown in FIG. 2, four flat natural rubber rubber plates 2 (about 10 to 40 mm in thickness), and three rubber plates 2 laminated and integrated between the rubber plates 2. And a rubber plate 2 having a thickness of about 2 to 6 mm.
It consists of 16 (4 pieces x 4) wires 4 (wire diameter of about 5 to 15 mm) embedded in the inside.

Each of the wires 4 has some elasticity,
Also, because the steel wire has a finely twisted structure,
Larger contact area with rubber material than steel wire. Each of the wires 4 is in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (the X direction in FIG. 3) of the bridge girder 31 (the Y direction in FIG. 3) in a state where it is forcibly contracted in each rubber plate 2. It is buried along.

The above rubber bearing can be manufactured, for example, as follows. That is, first, three steel plates 3, sixteen wires 4, eight (2 × 4) unvulcanized rubber plates 5 (made of the same rubber material as the rubber material of the rubber plate 2), An iron mold (not shown) is prepared by erecting a frame from the outer periphery of the bottom plate. Then, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, one steel plate 3, four wires 4, and two unvulcanized rubber plates 5 are used. From the bottom, the unvulcanized rubber plates 5 are arranged on the same surface in the Y direction. The four wires 4, the unvulcanized rubber plate 5, and the steel plate 3 arranged in parallel at equal intervals are placed in the forming mold in this order. At this time, both ends of each wire 4 are fixed to the forming mold in a state where the both ends are pulled (for example, the wire 4 of 700 mm is stretched to extend to 705 mm).

Next, similarly, after laminating a laminate composed of one steel plate 3, four wires 4 and two unvulcanized rubber plates 5 in three stages, the uppermost steel plate 3 Similarly, the unvulcanized rubber plate 5, the four wires 4 arranged in parallel on the same surface at equal intervals along the Y direction, and the unvulcanized rubber plate 5 are laminated. The steel plates 3, the wires 4 (both ends of each of the wires 4 are pulled) and the unvulcanized rubber plates 5 may be stacked and then set in a molding frame. Next, a weight (not shown) is placed on the uppermost unvulcanized rubber plate 5 and, in that state, is heated and vulcanized from around the frame of the forming mold. After this vulcanization molding, the fixing of both ends of each wire 4 is released, and the rubber main body 1 shown in FIG. 2 is manufactured.

After that, the upper and lower plates 11 and 12 are adhered and integrated on both the upper and lower surfaces of the rubber main body 1 to produce the rubber bearing shown in FIG. At the same time as the production of the rubber body 1, both upper and lower plates 1
The rubber bearings shown in FIG. 1 may be manufactured by integrating the rubber bearings 1 and 12. The restoring force of each wire 4 itself (returning force, that is, force of contracting inward) acts on the rubber bearing body thus obtained, and the restoring force causes the tension in the Y direction. Power has been imparted.

As described above, in this embodiment, the rubber body 1 is connected to the wire 4 having a large contact area with the rubber material.
Is applied with a tension in the Y direction, and lateral displacement can be prevented. Therefore, unlike the related art, it is not necessary to stand both side blocks 28 on the lower plate 22 (see FIG. 5), and the length in the lateral direction can be reduced. Further, the thickness of the upper and lower plates 11 and 12 can be reduced, and the length in the vertical direction can be reduced. Therefore, the size of the rubber bearing is reduced, the weight is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the replacement of the rubber bearing is facilitated.
In addition, the shape of the rubber bearing is simple, and the efficiency of transportation and mounting work is improved. In addition, since there is no both side blocks 28 as in the conventional example, the shape around the rubber bearing is not restricted.

In place of the wires 4, a plurality of steel wires (not shown) having irregularities on the surface are prepared.
These may be heated in advance, and vulcanization molding may be performed using each steel wire expanded by the heating. In this case, each steel wire gradually shrinks after vulcanization molding, and the tension in the Y direction is given by the force of each steel wire shrinking inward at the time when the temperature reaches room temperature. The same operation and effect as in the embodiment can be obtained. In addition, each said wire 4
May be heated in advance, and vulcanization molding may be performed while expanding by this heating.

FIG. 6 shows a modification of the rubber body 1 used for the rubber bearing of the present invention. In this example, four wires 8 (wire diameters 5) are provided inside each rubber plate 2 along the Y direction.
１５15 mm) is embedded (see FIG. 7), and one end (the left end in the drawing) of each wire 8 is attached to the left side plate 9 disposed on one side surface (the left side surface in the drawing) along the X direction. Fixed. Further, bolts (not shown) are attached to the other end (the right end in the drawing) of each wire 8, and these bolts are arranged on the other side surface (the right side surface in the drawing) along the X direction. It is inserted into a bolt insertion hole 10a (see FIG. 8) of the right plate 10. Then, the nuts 14 attached to the bolts are tightened, so that the rubber body 1 is attached to the left and right plates 9,
Compressed at 10. Other parts are the same as those of the rubber main body 1 shown in FIG. 2, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The rubber body 1 can be manufactured in the same manner as in the above embodiment. However, at the time of manufacture,
Although the left end of each wire 8 is fixed to the left plate 9, the right plate 10 and the nut 14 are not attached to the right end of each wire 8. For this reason, although the left side plate 9 is disposed on the left side of each rubber plate 2 in the rubber main body 1 obtained by vulcanization molding, the bolt attached to the right end of each wire 8 protrudes from the right side. ing.
Then, after vulcanization molding, the right plate 10 is attached to each bolt, and the nut 14 is tightened, and the rubber body 1 shown in FIG.
To manufacture. Rubber bearings using this rubber body 1 include:
Since the compressive force in the Y direction is applied by the left and right plates 9 and 10, lateral displacement can be prevented, and the same operation and effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained.

As a method of applying a compressive force in the Y direction to the rubber body 1, for example, a plurality of linear members (wires or the like) are formed on the same surface in the Y direction in the same manner as in the above manufacturing method. In a state of being arranged in parallel at equal intervals along
The rubber body 1 is obtained by vulcanization molding, and thereafter, the rubber body 1 is compressed in the Y direction from both left and right side surfaces thereof,
In this state, each of the linear members may be fixed to a holding member that is in contact with the left and right sides of the rubber body 1.

FIG. 9 shows another modification of the rubber body 1 used for the rubber bearing of the present invention. In this example, 31 steel wires 15 (wire diameter of about 2 to 9 mm) are embedded in each rubber plate 2 along the X direction.
Left and right sides and upper and lower sides of each rubber plate 2 (near the steel plate 3)
It is dense. Other parts are the same as those of the rubber main body 1 shown in FIG. 2, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

This rubber body 1 is also a rubber body 1 shown in FIG.
It can be manufactured in the same manner as described above. That is, first, three steel plates 3 and 124 (31 × 4) steel wires 1
5, 24 (6 × 4) unvulcanized rubber plates 5 (made of the same rubber material as the rubber material of the rubber plate 2), and the above-mentioned molding frame (not shown) are prepared. Then one steel plate 3
And 31 steel wires 15 and 6 unvulcanized rubber plates 5, and in order from the bottom, the unvulcanized rubber plates 5 were arranged side by side on both sides on the same surface along the X direction. Six steel wires 15, unvulcanized rubber plate 5, four steel wires 15, unvulcanized rubber plate 5 arranged side by side on the same surface on both the left and right sides along the X direction, on the same surface The six steel wires 15 arranged side by side on the left and right sides along the X direction and the five steel wires 15 arranged side by side at equal intervals in the center, and the unvulcanized rubber plate 5 are the same. Four steel wires 15 and unvulcanized rubber plates 5 arranged in parallel on the left and right sides along the X direction on the surface, and arranged in parallel on the left and right sides along the X direction on the same surface. 6 steel wires 1
5. The unvulcanized rubber plate 5 and the steel plate 3 are placed in the forming mold in this order. After that, it is the same as the rubber main body 1 shown in FIG.

A rubber bearing using the rubber body 1 includes:
A large number of steel wires 15 are embedded in each rubber body 1 along the X direction. In particular, the steel wires 15 are embedded densely on both left and right sides of each rubber body 1. Lateral displacement can be prevented, and the same operations and effects as in the above embodiments can be obtained. In addition, the steel wires 15 densely arranged in the vicinity of each steel plate 3 can suppress displacement (bend-up) in the vicinity of each steel plate 3 having a large deformation amount.

In each of the above embodiments, the rubber bearing is used for the bridge. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In the rubber bearing of a normal structure such as a seismic isolation laminate, a sliding shoe is used. And the like. In particular, it is suitable for use in changing the spring constant in any direction.

[0028]

As described above, according to the rubber bearing of the present invention, it is not necessary to erected both side blocks 28 on the lower plate 22 unlike the conventional example, and the length in the lateral direction is reduced. it can. In addition, it is not necessary to increase the thickness of the upper and lower plates 22 and 23, and the thickness can be reduced accordingly, and the length in the vertical direction can be shortened. Therefore, the size of the rubber bearing is small, light and inexpensive. In addition, since the rubber bearing is reduced in size and weight is reduced, it is possible to easily cope with a future replacement operation of the rubber bearing. Further, since there is no both side blocks 28, the shape of the rubber bearing is simplified, the replacement work of the rubber bearing is further facilitated, and there is no trouble in transporting and mounting, and the working efficiency is improved. Moreover, even if the rubber bearing body shrinks, there is no one that hits the lower surface of the bridge girder 31 or the like,
The shape around the rubber bearing is no longer restricted.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a rubber bearing according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a rubber main body.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the rubber main body.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a method for manufacturing the rubber main body.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a use state of the rubber bearing.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a modified example of a rubber main body used for the rubber bearing of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the rubber main body.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a main part of the rubber body.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another modification of the rubber main body used for the rubber bearing of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a use state of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 4 wires

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A rubber bearing body having different horizontal spring characteristics in two directions by burying a contracted linear member having rigidity in one of two orthogonal directions horizontally. . 2. A linear member having rigidity in one of two orthogonal directions is buried horizontally, and clamping members for compressing a rubber bearing body inward are disposed on both side surfaces along the other direction. A rubber bearing, wherein a pair of holding members are fixed to both ends of the linear member. 3. A rubber bearing body having different horizontal spring characteristics in two directions by burying a linear member having rigidity in one of two orthogonal directions horizontally. 4. The rubber bearing according to claim 3, wherein a large number of the linear members are buried, and the burying density is higher outside the rubber bearing than inside the rubber bearing.