JP2000280733A - Automobile air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cool a propulsion motor as a propulsion source of an automobile or a propulsion motor driving unit and to avoid the increase of load of a compressor in a refrigerating cycle. SOLUTION: A calculation control unit 7a of a detour control unit 7 receives a temperature detecting signal from a temperature sensor TS, increases the detour amount of refrigerant discharged from an expander 13 to a bypass passage (a) by releasing an opening and closing valve a1 when load to be applied to a vehicular propulsion motor 502 is increased, and enhances cooling capabilities in a refrigerant pipe 15a. While, when the travel of the automobile is returned to the cruising travel and load is decreased, the detour amount is reduced to restore the cooling effect in a compartment. Therefore, the automobile propulsion motor 502 and a propulsion motor driving unit 503 can be cooled, and the increase of compressor load can be avoided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a vehicle in which at least one of a propulsion motor and a propulsion motor drive unit is provided in a refrigeration cycle in a vehicle using a propulsion motor as a propulsion source. The present invention relates to a technology that achieves both cooling of a propulsion motor drive unit and avoiding an increase in compressor load in a refrigeration cycle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-325805 discloses a propulsion motor as a propulsion source of an electric vehicle and a method for cooling the propulsion motor drive unit. The electric vehicle described in this publication cools these devices by disposing a propulsion motor as a propulsion source of the electric vehicle and a propulsion motor drive unit in a refrigeration cycle of an air conditioner. .

[0003]

However, the above-described conventional method using a refrigeration cycle simply cools the vehicle by disposing a propulsion motor or a propulsion motor drive unit in the refrigeration cycle. When the load on the propulsion motor suddenly increases and the amount of heat generated by the propulsion motor and the propulsion motor drive unit increases at the time of sudden start or sudden start, etc. It is necessary to increase the load of the compressor in the cycle, and it has been difficult to achieve both cooling of the propulsion motor and the propulsion motor drive unit while avoiding an increase in the compressor load.

In view of the above, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and has been made to achieve both the cooling of a propulsion motor or a propulsion motor drive unit as a propulsion source of an automobile and the avoidance of an increase in compressor load in a refrigeration cycle. It is an object of the present invention to provide an air conditioner for a vehicle which aims at the following.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner for a vehicle, wherein at least one of a propulsion motor as a propulsion source of the vehicle and a propulsion motor drive unit for driving the propulsion motor is provided. An automotive air conditioner provided with a refrigerant pipe for connecting an evaporator and a compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle, wherein a bypass refrigerant path provided in parallel with the evaporator and a load applied to the propulsion motor are reduced. It is characterized by comprising a detecting means for detecting, and a refrigerant detour amount adjusting means for increasing a detour amount of the refrigerant to the detour refrigerant path in accordance with an increase in the load detected by the detection means.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner for an automobile, wherein the refrigerant bypass amount adjusting means adjusts an opening degree of the bypass refrigerant path. It is characterized by having a flow control valve.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner for an automobile according to the first or second aspect, wherein a plurality of the bypass refrigerant paths are provided. .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the air conditioner for an automobile according to the third aspect, wherein the plurality of bypass refrigerant paths include ones having different flow path resistances. Features.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner for an automobile according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the propulsion motor drive unit controls the compressor. It is housed in a single housing together with a compressor drive unit to be driven, and the refrigerant pipe is attached to the single housing.

A vehicle air conditioner according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the air conditioner for an automobile according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein a condenser and an expander in the refrigeration cycle are connected to each other. A heating heat exchanger that heats air sent into the vehicle cabin by using the discharged refrigerant discharged from the compressor is provided therebetween, and the discharged refrigerant bypasses a condenser downstream of the compressor in the refrigeration cycle. Flow path switching means for switching the flow path of the discharged refrigerant to guide the discharged refrigerant to the condenser during the cooling operation and guiding the discharged refrigerant to the heating heat exchanger via the bypass path during the heating operation. Are provided.

[0011]

According to the air conditioner for a vehicle according to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one of the propulsion motor and the propulsion motor drive unit is provided with a refrigerant pipe for connecting the evaporator and the compressor. Detecting the magnitude of the load on the detecting means, and
The refrigerant bypass amount adjusting means increases the bypass amount of the refrigerant to the bypass refrigerant path in accordance with the increase in the load, and reduces the bypass amount when the load decreases, thereby increasing the cooling capacity of the refrigerant. It is optimally distributed to the cooling function for at least one of the motor and the propulsion motor drive unit and the cooling function in the vehicle interior, and it is possible to achieve both cooling of these devices and avoiding an increase in compressor load.

Further, according to the air conditioner for a vehicle according to the second aspect of the present invention, the amount of detour can be finely adjusted by controlling the flow control valve to adjust the degree of opening of the detour refrigerant path. Become. In addition, since this adjustment is possible even with a single bypass refrigerant path, the effect that the degree of freedom of arrangement of the bypass refrigerant pipe inside the automobile is increased.

Further, according to the air conditioner for a vehicle according to the third aspect of the present invention, by controlling the opening and closing of the plurality of bypass refrigerant paths, the bypass amount can be adjusted stepwise.

Further, according to the air conditioner for a vehicle according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the degree of freedom in setting the bypass amount can be increased even with a small bypass refrigerant path.

Further, according to the air conditioner for a vehicle according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the propulsion motor drive unit is housed in a single housing together with the compressor drive unit, and refrigerant piping is provided in the single housing. , These units can be cooled in a well-balanced manner, and since these units can be handled integrally with the housing,
Workability at the time of inspection etc. is improved.

Further, according to the air conditioner for a vehicle according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the discharged refrigerant is guided to the condenser by the flow path switching means during the cooling operation, and via the bypass passage during the heating operation. Since the air heated by the heating heat exchanger is heated and sent to the cabin, the air conditioner for the vehicle can be used for both cooling and heating. Since the waste heat absorbed from the drive unit is used for heating, it is possible to simultaneously improve heating efficiency and save power.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an air conditioner for a vehicle according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the air conditioner 1 shown in this figure, a compressor 3 that compresses refrigerant and discharges it in a high-temperature and high-pressure state, a condenser 10 that cools and discharges the discharged refrigerant by blowing air from a cooling fan 11, and a liquefied refrigerant , An evaporator 14 that adiabatically expands the stored refrigerant, and an evaporator 14 that cools the air sent from the blower fan 22 with the adiabatic expanded refrigerant. To form a refrigeration cycle 16. The inflator 13 is
Specifically, an expansion valve, a capillary tube, or the like is used. In addition, the evaporator 14 is disposed inside the air duct 21 of the indoor unit 20.

On the other hand, the vehicle power supply 2 has a DC / DC converter 4a (hereinafter simply referred to as a converter 4) for stepping up and down the power supply voltage.
a), and the inverter 4b connected to the converter 4a converts the DC power output from the converter 4a into a pseudo three-phase AC, and
And an electric motor (not shown) integrated therewith, and further adjusts the voltage and frequency of the AC power supply to control the pressure of the compressor 3. The converter 4a, the inverter 4b, and a propulsion motor drive unit 503, which will be described later, are housed in a single housing 40, a heat sink 4c is attached to the housing 40, and a refrigerant connecting the evaporator 14 and the compressor 3 is provided. The pipe 15a is attached to the heat sink 4c. Hereinafter, the converter 4a and the inverter 4b are collectively referred to as a compressor drive unit 4.

The vehicle power supply 2 also supplies power to the propulsion motor drive unit 503, which supplies a pseudo three-phase AC rotation drive signal to the vehicle propulsion motor 502. . This car propulsion motor 502 has a
A driving force is supplied to a transmission 501 of the electric vehicle 500, and the transmission 501
The driving force is transmitted to the driving wheel No. 00. In addition, the vehicle propulsion motor 502 is provided with a refrigerant pipe 15a via a heat radiating plate 502a.

Further, a bypass passage a for bypassing the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 14 is provided in parallel with the evaporator 14. An electromagnetic on-off valve a1 is attached to the bypass passage a.
A check valve 14a for preventing the refrigerant flowing through the bypass passage a from flowing back into the evaporator 14 is attached to the refrigerant pipe 15a closer to the evaporator 14 than the junction of the bypass passage a with the e.

A temperature sensor TS provided in the motor 502 for propulsion of the automobile sends out a temperature detection signal to a detour controller 7 for controlling the open / close state of the on-off valve a1. Detour controller 7
Is a storage unit 7b in which a predetermined temperature threshold value Ta is stored.
When the value indicated by this signal is equal to or less than the threshold value Ta, that is, equal to or less than the predetermined temperature, the on-off valve a
1 is closed, and conversely, an arithmetic and control unit 7a is provided which controls to open when the threshold value Ta is exceeded (when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature).

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. The vehicle power supply 2 of the electric vehicle 500 includes a converter 4a
, And the converter 4a steps up and down the DC power and supplies it to the inverter 4b. Inverter 4
b converts this to three-phase AC power and supplies it to the electric motor of the compressor 3 to increase the pressure of the compressor 3.

The compressor 3 compresses the refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe 15 of the refrigeration cycle 16 and discharges the refrigerant in a state of high temperature and high pressure. The discharged refrigerant is sent to the condenser 10,
It is cooled and liquefied by the air blown from the cooling fan 11.
The liquefied refrigerant is stored in the liquid reservoir 12, and then sent to the expander 13, where it is adiabatically expanded by the expander into low-temperature, low-pressure saturated vapor, and sent out to the refrigerant pipe 15d.

When the vehicle is running at a cruising speed, when the vehicle is stopped, and the like, the load on the automobile propulsion motor 502 is relatively small, and the temperature is relatively low. The arithmetic control unit 7a reads the threshold value Ta from the storage unit 7b,
A comparison is made with the temperature obtained from the temperature detection signal, and when this is less than or equal to the threshold value Ta, the on-off valve a1 is closed. Therefore, all the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 15d is the evaporator 1
4 is introduced. In the evaporator 14, heat exchange between the air sent by the blower fan 22 and the refrigerant is performed, and cooling air is sent to the vehicle interior through the air duct 21. Since the refrigerant having a small saturated vapor amount passes through the refrigerant pipe 15a due to the evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator 14, the cooling effect here is relatively low. However, when the vehicle is running at a cruising speed or when the vehicle is stopped, the amount of heat generated from the motor 502 for propulsion of the automobile and the drive unit 503 for the propulsion motor is relatively small, so that there is a sufficient effect for cooling these devices. Also, the compressor drive unit 4 is similarly cooled in the refrigerant pipe 15a. Thereafter, the refrigerant having passed through the refrigerant pipe 15a returns to the compressor 3. That is, when the load applied to the motor 502 for propulsion of the vehicle is small, the motor 502 for driving the propulsion, the drive unit 503 for the propulsion motor and the drive unit 4 for the compressor are cooled, and at the same time, the cooling air sent to the vehicle interior is generated. Is being done.

On the other hand, when climbing a hill, suddenly starting, or traveling on a rough road, the load on the motor 502 for propulsion of the automobile increases, and the power consumption thereof also increases. In addition, the propulsion motor drive unit 50
3 also increases the output power. For this reason, the calorific value increases rapidly, and the temperatures of the vehicle propulsion motor 502 and the propulsion motor drive unit 503 increase.

The temperature detection signal from the temperature sensor TS changes as the temperature rises, and the temperature indicated by the temperature detection signal is
When the threshold value Ta is exceeded, the motor 50
When it is determined that the load applied to the load 2 has become equal to or greater than the predetermined value, the arithmetic control unit 7a opens the on-off valve a1.

When the on-off valve a1 is opened, a part of the refrigerant discharged from the expander 13 bypasses the evaporator 14 and is introduced into the bypass passage a. With the introduction of the refrigerant, the cooling effect of the air blown by the evaporator 14 is reduced.
That is, the evaporation amount of the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 decreases, and the low-temperature refrigerant containing a large amount of saturated vapor passes through the bypass passage a and is sent to the refrigerant pipe 15a. Then, the low-temperature refrigerant containing a large amount of saturated vapor evaporates inside the refrigerant pipe 15a, so that the vehicle propulsion motor 50
2 and the propulsion motor drive unit 503 are quickly cooled, and the compressor drive unit 4 is also cooled at the same time. The refrigerant that has passed through the refrigerant pipe 15a is
It returns to the compressor 3.

On the other hand, when the load on the vehicle propulsion motor 502 decreases and the temperature detection signal falls below the threshold value Ta, the arithmetic and control unit 7a closes the on-off valve a1 and returns to the original refrigeration cycle. And the air conditioner in the passenger compartment is restarted.

As is apparent from the above description, the air conditioner 1 detects the magnitude of the load on the motor 502 for propulsion of the vehicle by detecting the temperature, and detects the magnitude of the load when the load exceeds a predetermined magnitude. Increases the bypass amount of the refrigerant discharged from the expander 13 to the bypass refrigerant path to increase the refrigerant pipe 15
a, while the load is reduced to a predetermined value or less, the amount of bypass is reduced, and the cooling effect in the vehicle interior is restored. The rapid cooling of the vehicle propulsion motor 502 and the propulsion motor drive unit 503 is enabled.

The inner diameter of the bypass passage a and the on-off valve a
By changing the opening degree of 1, it is also possible to increase or decrease the flow path resistance of the bypass passage a and adjust the cooling capacity of the refrigerant pipe 15a.

Further, the converter 4a and the inverter 4b constituting the compressor drive unit 4 and the propulsion motor drive unit 503 are both housed in a single housing 40, and the housing 40 is provided with a refrigerant pipe 15a. By doing so, these devices can be cooled in a well-balanced manner, and the devices housed in the housing 40 can be handled integrally with the housing 40, so that the workability during inspection and the like is improved.

If there is a restriction on the location of the vehicle propulsion motor 502 or the propulsion motor drive unit 503, a refrigerant pipe 15a may be attached to one of them.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second embodiment. As a feature of the air conditioner 100 shown in the figure, two bypass passages bypassing the evaporator 14 are provided, and an on-off valve is provided in each bypass passage, and the on-off state of each on-off valve is controlled to control the refrigerant piping. 15a
The purpose of the present invention is to make it possible to finely change the cooling capacity in the above.

That is, as shown in FIG.
In 00, a bypass passage b is provided in parallel with the bypass passage a, and the bypass passage b is provided with an electromagnetic on-off valve b1. Further, the opening degrees of the two on-off valves a1 and b1 are adjusted such that the flow path resistance of the bypass passage b becomes smaller than the flow path resistance of the bypass passage a. In addition, the storage unit 7b of the detour control unit 7 stores a threshold Ta of a temperature that differs in height.
(Low temperature) and Ta (high temperature) are stored, and the arithmetic and control unit 7a compares the temperature indicated by the received temperature detection signal with these threshold values Ta and Tb, and calculates the two on-off valves a1 and
The open / close state of b1 is controlled.

Note that the same components as those in the first embodiment in this figure are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG.
The operation of the second embodiment will be described. First, the arithmetic control unit 7a obtains temperature data from the temperature detection signal (S
1). Next, the low-temperature threshold value Ta is read from the storage unit 7b and compared with the temperature data (S2). For example, when driving at cruising speed or when stopping, the motor 5
Since a relatively small load is applied to 02, its temperature is relatively low and the temperature data is equal to or lower than the threshold value Ta. The arithmetic control unit 7a determines that the temperature data
If it is not more than a, both of the on-off valves a1 and b1 are closed (S3). Therefore, the entire amount of refrigerant flows into the evaporator 14 without passing through the refrigerant pipes a and b, and heat exchange is performed. The refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 14 is, as described in the first embodiment,
The propulsion motor 502, the propulsion motor drive unit 503, and the compressor drive unit 4, which generate relatively little heat, are cooled.

On the other hand, when the vehicle is climbing up or suddenly starting, the load on the motor 502 for propulsion of the automobile increases, and the temperature of the motor together with the propulsion motor drive unit 503 increases. This will exceed the value Ta. If the temperature data exceeds the threshold value Ta, the process proceeds to step S4, where the arithmetic control unit 7a reads the high temperature threshold value Tb and compares it with the temperature data (S3).
4). Here, when the temperature data is equal to or lower than the threshold value Tb, the on-off valve a1 is opened and the on-off valve b1 is closed (S5). Therefore, a part of the refrigerant adiabatically expanded and discharged in the expander 13 bypasses the evaporator 14, and the amount of the refrigerant determined by the flow path resistance flows into the bypass passage a, while flowing into the evaporator 14. The amount of refrigerant decreases. Therefore, the cooling capacity of the refrigerant pipe 15a can be increased by one step.

When the vehicle propulsion motor 502 is overloaded for some reason, its temperature rises much higher than the temperature indicated by the high threshold value Tb, irrespective of the cooling capacity. Could be done.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the temperature data obtained from the temperature detection signal is determined in step S4 to be larger than the threshold value Tb, the on-off valve a1 is closed and the on-off valve b1 is opened. (S6). Therefore, the amount of the refrigerant determined by the flow path resistance flows through the refrigerant pipe b. In this case, since the flow passage resistance of the bypass passage b is lower than the flow passage resistance of the bypass passage a, the bypass amount of the refrigerant bypassing the evaporator 14 increases and flows into the bypass passage b, and the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 14 on the other hand. The amount is further reduced. Therefore, the cooling capacity of the refrigerant pipe 15a can be further increased by one step. After the state control of the on-off valve is performed in steps S3, S5, and S6, the process returns to step S1, and
The above series of control is repeated. Further, in Step S6, both the on-off valves a1 and b1 may be opened to further increase the bypass amount.

As described above, in the second embodiment, a plurality of bypass passages are provided, and an on-off valve is provided for each to control the open / close state, so that the amount of refrigerant bypassing the evaporator 14 is controlled stepwise. Because it is possible, more detailed cooling is possible. Also, by adjusting the opening degree of the on-off valve and setting different flow path resistances,
Even with a small number of bypass passages, the degree of freedom in setting the refrigerant bypass amount can be increased.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a third embodiment. In the air-conditioning apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment, the bypass passage a in the first embodiment is provided with the flow control valve a2 capable of adjusting the flow, so that the bypass amount to the bypass passage a can be changed steplessly. It is possible. The arithmetic control unit 7a incorporates an arithmetic program for determining the opening of the flow control valve a2 in accordance with the level of the temperature indicated by the temperature data, and this arithmetic program is repeatedly executed to obtain an appropriate opening. Is required in real time.
When the temperature data is equal to or less than the threshold value Ta stored in the storage unit 7b, the on-off valve a1 is closed, and when the temperature data exceeds the threshold value Ta, the on-off valve a1 is opened. That is,
When the value is equal to or less than the threshold value Ta, the flow rate adjustment is restricted. In the figure, the same components as those of the first or second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the duplicate description will be omitted.

When the vehicle is running at a cruising speed or stopped at a cruise speed in the third embodiment, the vehicle propulsion motor 502
Is relatively small, the on-off valve a1 is closed, the entire amount of refrigerant passes through the evaporator 14, and the vehicle propulsion motor 502, the propulsion motor drive unit 503, and the compressor drive that generate a relatively small amount of heat are generated. The unit 4 is cooled.

On the other hand, when the load on the vehicle propulsion motor 502 increases and the temperature data exceeds the threshold value Ta, the arithmetic and control unit 7a opens the on-off valve a1 and opens the flow control valve based on the temperature data. The opening of a2 is adjusted steplessly. That is, as the temperature data becomes higher, the opening degree of the flow control valve a2 is increased, and the cooling capacity of the refrigerant pipe 15a is increased.

Therefore, in the third embodiment, fine adjustment of the cooling capacity in the refrigerant pipe 15a between the evaporator 14 and the compressor 3 can be performed by a single bypass passage. The effect that the degree of freedom of arrangement of the bypass passage inside the automobile is large is also obtained.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of the fourth embodiment. The feature of this embodiment is that the capacitor 1
0, a heating heat exchanger 102 is provided, and refrigerant pipe 1 is provided.
The point is that the waste heat from the equipment provided with 5a can be used for heating.

As shown in the figure, in the air conditioner 300, in addition to the configuration of the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment, a space between the condenser 10 and the liquid reservoir 12 in the refrigeration cycle 16 is provided. A heating heat exchanger 102 is provided for heating the air sent into the vehicle cabin by using the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3.

A switching door 23 for allowing either outside air outside the vehicle or inside air inside the vehicle compartment to flow in is provided at an inlet of a blower fan 22 provided upstream of the evaporator 14 for blowing air. Has been established.

Further, the air duct 21 between the heating heat exchanger 102 and the evaporator 14 has an evaporator 1
An air mix door 24 that adjusts the amount of cold air that has passed through 4 to the heating heat exchanger 102 is rotatably disposed. Note that, for simplification of the description, the heating heat exchanger 10
A door position that allows air to pass through 2 is called a door position a, and a door position that closes the heating heat exchanger 102 is called a door position b.

The air duct 21 downstream of the heating heat exchanger 102 is provided with an air-conditioning system that generates conditioned air using both the cold air that has passed through the evaporator 14 or the warm air that has passed through the evaporator 14 and the heating heat exchanger 102. A wind generation chamber 25 is formed. The air-conditioned air generation chamber 25 has a defroster outlet, a vent outlet, and a foot outlet. Opening and closing doors (not shown) for opening and closing the respective outlets are provided at the defroster outlet, vent outlet, and foot outlet, respectively.

The refrigerant pipe 15c on the discharge side of the compressor 3 and the refrigerant pipe 15b on the discharge side of the condenser 10 are connected by a bypass passage 103 so that the refrigerant can bypass the condenser 10. An electromagnetic on-off valve 104 is attached to the bypass passage 103, and the refrigerant passage 15 b closer to the condenser 10 is further connected to the refrigerant passage 15 b closer to the condenser 10 than the junction of the refrigerant passage 15 b on the discharge side of the condenser 10 and the bypass passage 103. A check valve 107 for preventing the refrigerant from flowing back into the condenser 10 through the bypass passage 103 is provided.

The bypass passage 103 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 1
An electromagnetic on-off valve 105 is attached to the refrigerant pipe 15c closer to the condenser 10 than the point branched from 5c. The opening / closing valve 104 and the opening / closing valve 105 can guide the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 to the condenser 10 during the cooling operation and to the bypass passage 103 during the heating operation in accordance with an external command. Accordingly, the on-off valve 104 and the on-off valve 105 constitute a refrigerant flow switching means.

Further, the refrigerant pipe 15b near the discharge side of the condenser 10 and the refrigerant pipe 15a near the suction port of the compressor 3 are connected by a refrigerant return passage 110. The refrigerant return passage 110 is provided for returning the stagnant refrigerant retained in the condenser 10 to the compressor 3. From the junction of the refrigerant pipe 15a and the refrigerant return passage 110, the refrigerant returned through the refrigerant return passage 110 to the refrigerant pipe 15a closer to the evaporator 14 so that the refrigerant does not flow back to the bypass passage a. A valve 106 is mounted. In addition, an electromagnetic on-off valve 111 and a check valve 112 are attached to the refrigerant return passage 110 so that the refrigerant return operation can be controlled. In the figure, the same components as those of the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described. During the cooling operation of the air conditioner 300, the on-off valve 1
04 is closed and on-off valve 105 is opened. The air mix door 24 is located at the door position b.

The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 is first guided to the condenser 10 without passing through the bypass passage 103 closed by the on-off valve 104. Then, when passing through the condenser 10, heat exchange between the air sent from the cooling fan 11 and the refrigerant is performed. Thereafter, the refrigerant passes through the check valve 107 and is guided to the heating heat exchanger 102, where heat exchange with the surrounding air is performed. Then, the refrigerant is sent to the liquid reservoir 12, where it is temporarily stored.

The refrigerant discharged from the reservoir 12 is adiabatically expanded by the expander 13 and discharged. The open / close state of the on-off valve a1 at this time is determined according to the detected temperature of the motor 502 for driving the vehicle, that is, the magnitude of the load, as in the first embodiment. Therefore, refrigerant pipe 1
In 5a, the attached equipment is cooled by the cooling capacity determined by the open / close state of the on-off valve a1. In addition, the air that has passed through the evaporator 14 is bypassed by the air-mixing door 24 around the heating heat exchanger 102 and is sent from the outlet to the vehicle interior. The refrigerant that has passed through the refrigerant pipe 15a
Then, it returns to the compressor 3. Therefore, during the cooling operation according to the fourth embodiment, the refrigerant circulates along the path indicated by the dashed arrow in FIG.

On the other hand, during the heating operation, the on-off valve 1
04 is opened and the on-off valve 105 is closed. Further, the air mix door 24 is placed at the door position a, and the opening / closing valve a1 is always opened irrespective of the magnitude of the load applied to the automobile propulsion motor 502. Air conditioner 300
Operates, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 bypasses the refrigerant pipe 15c and the condenser 10 closed by the on-off valve 105 and is introduced into the bypass passage 103 opened by the on-off valve 104. afterwards,
The refrigerant is introduced into the heating heat exchanger 102, cooled, and stored in the liquid reservoir 12. As in the cooling operation, heat exchange between the surrounding air and the refrigerant is performed when the refrigerant passes through the heating heat exchanger 102. The refrigerant at this time is introduced by bypassing the condenser 10. Therefore, the heat exchanger for heating 1
02 has a much larger air heating effect than in the cooling operation.

The refrigerant discharged from the reservoir 12 is adiabatically expanded by the expander 13 and discharged. At this time, since the on-off valve a1 is open, a part of the refrigerant flows to the bypass passage a, while the amount of the refrigerant passing through the evaporator 14 is reduced, so that the blast cooling effect in the evaporator 14 is reduced. .

The refrigerant discharged from the bypass passage a and the evaporator 14 is vaporized in the refrigerant pipe 15a, and the automobile propulsion motor 502 is cooled.
Further, the propulsion motor drive unit 5 housed in the housing 40
03 and the compressor drive unit 4 are similarly cooled. After that, the refrigerant returns to the compressor 3. Accordingly, during the heating operation, the refrigerant circulates along the path indicated by the solid arrow in FIG.

Therefore, in the air conditioner 300, the motor 502 for propulsion of the vehicle and the drive unit 50
3 and avoiding an increase in the compressor load, it is possible to effectively utilize waste heat from equipment provided with the refrigerant pipe 15a for heating, particularly during the heating operation. As a result, it is possible to simultaneously improve the heating performance and save the electric power of the vehicle power supply.

As described above, in the first to fourth embodiments of the air conditioner for a vehicle according to the present invention, the refrigerant pipe 15a is attached to the vehicle propulsion motor 502 and the propulsion motor drive unit 503, and A bypass refrigerant passage (bypass passages a and b) is provided in parallel with the evaporator 14 to detect the magnitude of the load applied to the motor 502 for propulsion of the vehicle, and when the load increases, the amount of bypass of the refrigerant is increased to increase the bypass amount of the refrigerant. Since the cooling capacity in the pipe 15a is increased, and when the load is reduced, the amount of detour is reduced to recover the cooling effect in the vehicle interior.
02 and the propulsion motor drive unit 503, and avoiding an increase in the output of the compressor.

In the first to fourth embodiments, the magnitude of the load on the automobile propulsion motor 502 is detected by detecting the temperature. The magnitude of the load can also be detected by a method of detecting a winding current of the propulsion motor 502, a current or temperature of the propulsion motor drive unit 503, or a voltage variation of the vehicle power supply 2. Further, the same effect can be obtained even if the above-described air conditioner is configured in a so-called hybrid car including both a motor for propelling a vehicle and an internal combustion engine.

In the above embodiment, the compressor drive unit 4 includes the converter 4a and the inverter 4b. However, when there is no need to step up or down the voltage of the vehicle power supply 2, the compressor drive unit 4 does not need to go through the converter 4a. Inverter 4
It is also possible to configure so that electric power is supplied directly from the vehicle power supply 2 to b.

The switching means for switching the flow path of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 is not limited to a combination of on-off valves, but may be, for example, a three-way valve or a four-way valve.

Further, the propulsion motor drive unit 503 and the compressor drive unit 4 are connected to a large hybrid I
In the case of using C or the like, the IC may be attached to the refrigerant pipe 15a to eliminate the need for a heat sink.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of a vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the automotive air conditioner according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a method for controlling an on-off valve of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the air conditioner for a vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the automotive air conditioner according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,100,200,300 Air conditioner 2 Vehicle power supply 3 Compressor (compressor) 4 Compressor drive unit 7 Detour control unit 7a Operation control unit 7b Storage unit 10 Capacitor (condenser) 13 Expander 14 Evaporator (evaporator) Reference Signs List 16 Refrigeration cycle 20 Indoor unit 21 Ventilation duct 26 Ventilation path door 27 Detour ventilation path 40 Casing 102 Heat exchanger for superheating a, b, 103 Bypass path 104, 105 Opening / closing valve (switching means) 500 Electric vehicle 502 Automotive propulsion motor 503 Propulsion motor drive unit a1, b1 On-off valve a2 Flow control valve

Claims (6)

[Claims] A refrigeration cycle (16) is provided for at least one of a propulsion motor (502) as a propulsion source of an automobile (500) and a propulsion motor drive unit (503) for driving the propulsion motor (502). An automotive air conditioner provided with a refrigerant pipe (15a) for connecting an evaporator (14) and a compressor (3) to be connected, comprising: a bypass refrigerant path (a) provided in parallel with the evaporator (14); A detecting means (TS) for detecting a magnitude of a load applied to the propulsion motor (502), and in accordance with an increase in the load detected by the detecting means (TS),
An air conditioner for a vehicle, comprising: a refrigerant bypass amount adjusting unit that increases a bypass amount of the refrigerant to the bypass refrigerant path (a). 2. The air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant detour amount adjusting means includes a flow control valve (a2) for adjusting an opening degree of the detour refrigerant path (a). . 3. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the bypass refrigerant paths (a) are provided. 4. The air conditioner for an automobile according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of bypass refrigerant paths (a, b) include ones having different flow path resistances. 5. The propulsion motor drive unit (503)
Is housed in a single housing (40) together with the compressor drive unit (4) for driving the compressor (3), and the refrigerant pipe (15a) is housed in the single housing (40).
The vehicle air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: 6. A method for heating air sent into a vehicle cabin between a condenser (10) and an expander (13) in the refrigeration cycle (16) by using refrigerant discharged from a compressor (3). A heating heat exchanger (102) is provided, and the discharged refrigerant is condensed on the downstream side of the compressor (3) in the refrigeration cycle (16).
A bypass passage (103) leading to the heat exchanger for heating (102), bypassing the bypass refrigerant (0), and switching the flow path of the discharged refrigerant to guide the discharged refrigerant to the condenser (10) during the cooling operation and the bypass passage during the heating operation. Flow path switching means (104, 10) for leading to the heating heat exchanger (102) via (103)
The air conditioner for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein (5) is provided.