JP2000266330A - Waste disposal device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the generation of a smell by a method, wherein gas generated when waste is burnt or roasted in a casserole is completely burnt. SOLUTION: A waste disposing device comprises a gas generating chamber 12 for containing waste, a heating chamber 14 for surrounding the periphery of the gas generating chamber 12, a burner 15 situated in the heating chamber 14 and generating heat by burning fuel, and a gas combustion chamber 30 connected to the gas generating chamber 12 and the heating chamber 14. Since for completely burning gas generated from waste, it is essential that the oxygen content of gas in the gas combustion chamber 30 be kept in a proper range, in a state such that an air supply fan to input outside air with which the burner 15 provided be rotationally driven by an independent working mechanism, the burner 15 is caused to extinguish fire when an oxygen content of gas in the gas combustion chamber 30 is reduced to a value lower than a proper range and perform ignition when it is increased to a value higher than the proper range. With this constitution prevents incomplete combustion of gas generated from waste due to the lowering of temperature and shortage in oxygen due to excessive supply of air.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus for reducing the amount of waste by burning or steaming the waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a waste treatment method, there has been proposed a waste treatment apparatus in which waste is steamed and carbonized, and gas generated when the waste is steamed is burned. For example, JP-A-7-28023
No. 6 is known.

[0003] The waste disposal apparatus described in this patent publication and similar waste disposal apparatuses have a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber. The primary combustion chamber has a double structure including a gas generation chamber and a heating chamber surrounding the gas generation chamber. The waste is stored in a gas generation chamber, and is steamed by heating the heating chamber, and emits gas to be carbonized. Gas generated from waste in the gas generation chamber is burned in the secondary combustion chamber,
When completely burned here, it becomes odorless.

[0004] Here, a burner or the like is provided in the heating chamber and the secondary combustion chamber as heating means and combustion means. Each burner is ignited or extinguished so that the temperatures of the heating chamber and the secondary combustion chamber maintain appropriate values. These burners also include a fan that takes in outside air to obtain oxygen for burning the fuel. These fans are turned on / off in conjunction with the ignition / extinguishing of the burner. Also,
The rotation speed of the fans provided in these burners is constant.

[0005] Such a waste treatment apparatus is also used for the treatment of wastes having a high moisture content such as garbage.

[0006]

During the disposal of waste,
It is necessary to take in outside air into the device as auxiliary combustion air.
The appropriate amount of the auxiliary combustion air is such that the oxygen content of the gas in the secondary combustion chamber can be maintained at 8 to 5%. Oxygen content is 8 ~
A state of about 5% indicates that the amount of the auxiliary combustion air taken in is sufficient for the gas generated from the waste to completely burn, and not excessive. Further, the appropriate amount of the auxiliary combustion air varies depending on the temperature inside the apparatus and the progress of the waste treatment, and fluctuates.

[0007] However, in the conventional waste treatment apparatus, the means for taking in air as auxiliary combustion air during waste treatment is as follows.
Only the fan of the burner is provided, and the amount of air taken in by the fan is fixed. For this reason, the amount of air taken in during the waste treatment is an average amount throughout the entire waste treatment process.

Some waste treatment apparatuses are provided with a cooling fan for cooling the waste and the inside of the apparatus after the waste treatment. However, even in such a waste treatment apparatus, the cooling fan does not take in air during the waste treatment. Has not been utilized.

[0009] Therefore, in the waste treatment process, there is a case where too much or insufficient supplementary air is used. First, if the amount of air taken in is excessive, heat is taken away by the excess air, which lowers the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber and causes incomplete combustion of gas generated from waste. Would. In particular, immediately after the start of waste treatment, the waste treatment equipment heats up from a cold state,
If the amount of air taken in is excessive, the inside of the apparatus is hardly heated, and the fuel is consumed excessively, which takes time. Further, in this case, it takes a long time for the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber to rise to an appropriate value, and the gas generated from the waste is exhausted with incomplete combustion before the temperature rises, thereby generating an odor. . Further, if there is not enough supporting air, there is a disadvantage that the gas generated from the waste is incompletely burned due to lack of oxygen, and the gas is exhausted in an incomplete state, resulting in generation of an odor.

Therefore, in order to speed up the processing of waste and prevent the generation of off-flavors, it is desirable to appropriately adjust the amount of air taken into the apparatus.

According to the present invention, by maintaining the oxygen content of the gas in the gas combustion chamber at an appropriate value, the gas generated when the waste is treated is completely burned, and the generation of an unpleasant odor can be reliably prevented. An object of the present invention is to provide a waste disposal apparatus.

[0012]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste treatment apparatus comprising: a gas generating chamber for storing waste; a heating chamber surrounding the gas generating chamber; and a fuel chamber provided in the heating chamber. In a waste treatment apparatus having a burner that generates heat by burning and a gas combustion chamber connected to the gas generation chamber and the heating chamber, the burner includes an air supply fan that takes in outside air, The burner is extinguished when the oxygen content of the gas in the gas combustion chamber falls below a proper range while the fan is rotated by an independent operating mechanism, and the burner is ignited when the oxygen content exceeds the proper range.

Therefore, when the oxygen content of the gas in the gas combustion chamber falls below an appropriate range, the burner is extinguished while the air supply fan is driven to rotate, so that the amount of oxygen supplied to the gas combustion chamber increases. The oxygen content of the gas in the gas combustion chamber recovers within an appropriate range. Further, when the oxygen content of the gas in the gas combustion chamber exceeds the appropriate range, the burner is ignited, so that the temperature in the gas combustion chamber does not drop too much.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of a waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a waste disposal apparatus,
FIG. 2 is a vertical front view showing the internal structure of the waste disposal apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a vertical right side view showing the internal structure of the waste disposal apparatus.

The waste disposal apparatus is a rectangular parallelepiped outer case 1.
A combustion mechanism 2 (FIG. 2) for burning waste generated therein and burning gas generated at that time.
And FIG. 3). In the center of the front of the outer case 1, a double opening door 3 is provided so as to be openable and closable, and an operation box 4 is provided on the right side thereof. The operation box 4 includes an openable and closable door 5 and an operation panel (not shown) provided inside the door 5 and provided with various switches. A control box 6 containing a control board and the like is provided on the front side of the outer case 1 and above the operation box 4. At the lower part on the right side of the outer case 1, there is provided a treated material discharge door 7 for taking out the waste that has been steamed and carbonized.

The combustion mechanism 2 will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
It has a lower tank 8 and an upper tank 9, and an inner tank 10 is housed in the lower tank 8. Inner tank 10
Is supported on one side of the lower tank 8 in a cantilever state.
The inner tank 10 is formed with a waste inlet 11 located opposite the inlet door 3, and the inside of the inner tank 10 is a gas generating chamber for storing waste and steaming the waste. A steaming room 12 is provided. An opening / closing door 13 is provided at the waste inlet 11.

A space is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the lower tank 8 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner tank 10, and this space is used to heat the steaming chamber 12 from outside the inner tank 10. It is set to 14. The lower tank 8 is provided with a steaming burner 15 and a cooling blower 16 for taking in outside air when cooling the inside of the apparatus. At the upper part of the lower tank 8, a cooling blower 16
There is provided an exhaust valve 17 for exhausting the air taken in.

In the steaming chamber 12, a stirrer 18 for stirring the waste stored in the steaming chamber 12 is rotatably provided. As shown in FIG. 4, the stirrer 18 includes a pair of support plates 19 formed in a triangular shape and three stirring rods 20 connecting these support plates 19. A support shaft 21 is fixed to the center of one support plate 19, and the support shaft 21 is held via a bearing 23 on an end plate 22 that closes one end of the inner tank 10.
A sprocket 24 is fixed to the tip of the support shaft 21 protruding from the end plate 22, and a sprocket 26 fixed to the sprocket 24 and the motor shaft of the stirring motor 25.
And a chain 27 is suspended between them. End plate 2
An outlet 29 provided with an opening / closing lid 28 is provided at a lower portion of 2, and this outlet 29 is located to face the processed material discharge door 7.

A gas combustion chamber 30 is formed in the upper tank 9, and a heat insulating material 31 is provided on an inner peripheral surface of the gas combustion chamber 30.
Is provided. The lower tank 8 and the upper tank 9 are connected by an outer tube 32, and the outer tube 32 connects the heating chamber 14 and the gas combustion chamber 30. Inside the outer pipe 32, an inner pipe 33, which is a communication pipe rising from the inner tank 10, is disposed. The inner pipe 33 connects the steaming chamber 12 and the gas combustion chamber 30 to each other. The gas generated by steaming the waste in the chamber 12 flows into the gas combustion chamber 30 through the inner pipe 33.

In the gas combustion chamber 30, a combustion space 30 is provided.
a and a buffer space 30b are formed. The combustion space 30a is a region where the outer tube 32 and the inner tube 33 communicate with each other, and is surrounded by a sleeve 36 extending from the bottom surface in the gas combustion chamber 30 to the vicinity of the ceiling. The volume of the combustion space 30a is formed smaller than the volume of the buffer space 30b. A combustion burner 37, which is a combustion means, is disposed on the outer periphery of the sleeve 36 so as to face the heat.
The temperature in the combustion space 30a rises to about 900 ° C. due to the heat from the steaming burner 15 flowing through the inside of the furnace 2.

Above the upper tank 9, a buffer space 30b is provided.
An exhaust tower 38 that communicates with the atmosphere is formed. In the buffer space 30b, there are provided partition walls 39 which alternately protrude from the inner peripheral surface of the upper tank 9 in directions opposite to each other. In the buffer space 30b, there is formed a flow path 40 which is partitioned by these partition walls 39 so that it takes at least 2 seconds for the gas passing through the combustion space 30a to reach the exhaust tower 38. I have. By providing the heat insulating material 31 on the inner peripheral surface of the gas combustion chamber 30, the temperature of the gas flowing through the
Maintained at 00 ° C.

On the upper surface of the outer case 1, there is provided an exhaust tower roof 41 which covers the upper part of the exhaust tower 38. The exhaust tower roof 41 is formed of a roof section 42 and a side wall section 43, and an outlet 44 from which exhaust gas exhausted from the exhaust tower 38 blows out is formed in the side wall section 43. Also,
A cooling fan 45 for cooling the entire periphery of the combustion mechanism 2 is provided on the upper surface of the outer case 1.

Here, the steam burner 1 of the present embodiment.
5 is provided with an air supply fan (not shown) that takes in outside air. This air supply fan differs from the conventional one in that an independent operating mechanism (see FIG. (Not shown). Outside air taken into the heating chamber 14 by the air supply fan is preheated in the heating chamber 14 and then supplied to the gas combustion chamber 30 during processing of the waste, and burns the gas generated from the waste. It becomes the auxiliary combustion air at the time of making.

An O ₂ sensor 46 is mounted near the outlet 44. The O ₂ sensor 46 measures the oxygen content of the gas that is exhausted after the gas generated from the waste and the auxiliary combustion air are mixed and burned in the gas combustion chamber 30. Then, the steam burner 15 is extinguished or ignited by the measured oxygen content while the air supply fan is driven to rotate, whereby the oxygen content measured by the O ₂ sensor 46 is maintained in an appropriate range. The amount of auxiliary air is adjusted so that it drip.

An appropriate value of the oxygen content of the gas in the gas combustion chamber 30 is about 8 to 5%. The condition in which the oxygen content of the exhausted gas is about 8 to 5% is that the amount of the auxiliary combustion air taken in is sufficient to completely burn the gas generated from the waste and not excessive. Is shown.

FIG. 5 shows an example of control of the steam burner 15. Immediately after the start of waste treatment, the temperature inside the apparatus is low and the oxygen content is high. When the temperature inside the device rises, the gas combustion chamber 3
If the oxygen content of the gas within 0 is less than 5%, the gas generated from the waste may be incompletely burned due to lack of oxygen. Oxygen consumed at 15 is eliminated, and only the air supply fan is rotated to increase the amount of oxygen taken into the gas combustion chamber 30. When the oxygen content of the gas in the gas combustion chamber 30 exceeds 8%, the oxygen content in the gas combustion chamber 30 is more than necessary, and unburned outside air is excessively taken in as it is. Since the temperature in the apparatus decreases, the steam burner 15 is ignited again.
In this manner, during the waste treatment, the steam burner 1 is controlled so that the oxygen content of the gas combustion chamber 30 is maintained at 5 to 8%.
5 is controlled.

In such a configuration, first, the outline of waste treatment by this waste treatment apparatus will be described. The inlet door 3 of the outer case 1 and the opening / closing door 13 of the inner tank 10 are opened, and waste to be treated is discharged from the waste inlet 11 to the steaming chamber 12.
Put in. Then, after closing the opening / closing door 13 and the inlet door 3, the steam burner 15 and the combustion burner 37 are ignited. Further, if necessary, the stirring motor 25 is driven to rotate the stirring body 18 around the support shaft 21 to stir the waste in the steaming chamber 12.

When the steaming burner 15 is ignited, the temperature in the heating chamber 14 rises, and as the temperature in the heating chamber 14 rises, the temperature in the steaming chamber 12 also rises and is housed in the steaming chamber 12. The waste is steamed. Then, as the waste is steamed, gas is generated from the waste, and the gas passes through the inner pipe 33 and passes through the gas combustion chamber 30.
Flows into. And this gas is burned by the burner 37 for incineration.
And heat from the steaming burner 15 flowing into the gas combustion chamber 30 through the outer tube 32 to burn.

Here, the gas generated in the steaming chamber 12 is:
The gas flows into the combustion space 30a in the gas combustion chamber 30 to start combustion. The combustion space 30a has a small volume, is sufficiently heated by the heat from the combustion burner 37, and the inside temperature rises to about 900 ° C. by the inflow of hot air from inside the heating chamber. are doing. For this reason, the gas flowing into the combustion space 30a spontaneously ignites from the portion in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 36 where the temperature is the highest, and the combustion starts smoothly.

The volume of the combustion space 30a is adjusted to the size of the combustion burner 37 so that the temperature in the combustion space 30a can be maintained at about 900 ° C. during waste disposal. When the capacity of the combustion burner 37 is small, the capacity of the combustion space 30a is reduced accordingly. And, by reducing the volume of the combustion space 30a,
Even if the combustion burner 37 with a small capacity is used, the combustion space 3
The temperature in Oa can be maintained at least at about 900 ° C., and the fuel consumption can be reduced by using the combustion burner 37 having a small capacity.

The gas whose combustion has started in the combustion space 30a passes through the combustion space 30a while burning and passes through the buffer space 3a.
Ob flows into a flow path 40 formed by being partitioned by a partition wall 39, and is exhausted from an exhaust tower 38. The temperature of the gas in the buffer space 30b has risen since combustion has started in the combustion space 30a.

The heat insulating material 31 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the gas combustion chamber 30 including the buffer space 30b.
The heat in the buffer space 30b is hardly transmitted to the outer peripheral side of the upper tank 9, and the heat in the buffer space 30b is hard to escape from the exhaust tower 38 because the inside of the buffer space 30b is partitioned by the partition wall 39. For this reason, the temperature of the burning gas flowing into the buffer space 30b is maintained at about 900 ° C. Moreover, since the gas during combustion flowing into the buffer space 30b flows along the flow path 40 partitioned by the partition wall 39, the flow distance of the gas during combustion becomes longer and the time required for the gas to reach the exhaust tower 38 becomes longer. Takes at least 2 seconds. Therefore, the burning gas that has flowed into the buffer space 30b after passing through the combustion space 30a is maintained at a temperature of about 900 ° C. for at least 2 seconds to completely burn, and the unburned gas is discharged to the atmosphere. And the generation of off-flavors is prevented.

The gas after combustion is exhausted from the exhaust tower 38. The O ₂ sensor 46 attached to the exhaust tower 38 detects oxygen contained in the exhaust gas, and the steam burner 15 is ignited or extinguished based on the result.

When a predetermined period of time has elapsed after the start of the waste treatment, and when gas is no longer generated from the waste put into the steaming chamber 12, the steaming burner 15 and the combustion burner 37 are stopped. Then, the exhaust valve 17 is opened, the cooling blower 16 and the cooling fan 45 are operated, and cooling air is blown to cool the inner tank 10. After cooling, the treated material discharge door 7 and the opening / closing lid 28 are opened, the carbonized waste remaining in the steaming chamber 12 is taken out, and the waste treatment ends.

Further, in the present embodiment, the waste treatment apparatus of the system in which the waste is steamed in the steaming chamber 12 and the gas generated at that time is burned in the gas combustion chamber 30 has been described as an example. However, the waste disposal apparatus to which the present invention can be applied is not limited to such a type. For example, the present invention can be applied to a waste treatment apparatus in which waste is burned in a primary combustion chamber and gas generated by the combustion is completely burned in a secondary combustion chamber.

[0036]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the air supply fan that takes in outside air is driven to rotate by an independent operating mechanism, and the burner is extinguished when the oxygen content of the gas in the gas combustion chamber falls below an appropriate range. When the oxygen content of the gas in the gas combustion chamber falls below the appropriate range, the burner is extinguished while the air supply fan is driven to rotate when the oxygen content of the gas in the gas combustion chamber falls below the appropriate range. The amount increases, and the oxygen content of the gas in the gas combustion chamber returns to an appropriate range. Also, when the oxygen content of the gas in the gas combustion chamber exceeds an appropriate range, the burner is ignited,
The temperature in the gas combustion chamber does not drop too much. Therefore, since the oxygen content of the gas in the gas combustion chamber is kept in an appropriate range, it is possible to prevent the inconvenience of insufficiency of intake of the auxiliary combustion air, causing insufficient oxygen and incomplete combustion of the gas generated from the waste. In addition, it is possible to prevent a disadvantage that the temperature of the gas combustion chamber is lowered due to excessive intake of the auxiliary combustion air and the gas generated from the waste is incompletely burned. Thereby, generation of an unusual odor can be reliably prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a waste disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional front view showing the structure of a combustion mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view showing a structure of a combustion mechanism.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing an internal structure of a lower tank.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a change over time in the temperature of the gas combustion chamber.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12 Gas generation chamber 14 Heating chamber 15 Burner 30 Gas combustion chamber

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3K061 AA07 AB02 AC01 AC19 BA02 BA09 CA07 FA04 FA07 FA10 FA21 FA27 3K062 AA07 AB02 AC01 AC19 BA02 BB03 CB10 DA02 DA22 DB05 DB13 3K078 AA05 BA03 CA02 CA13 CA21

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A gas generating chamber for storing waste, a heating chamber surrounding the gas generating chamber, a burner provided in the heating chamber for burning fuel to generate heat, the gas generating chamber, and the heating chamber. A waste gas treatment chamber having a gas combustion chamber connected to the burner, wherein the burner has an air supply fan that takes in outside air, and the gas combustion chamber is rotated in a state where the air supply fan is rotationally driven by an independent operating mechanism. A waste gas treatment apparatus, wherein the burner is extinguished when the oxygen content of the gas falls below the appropriate range, and the burner is ignited when the oxygen content exceeds the appropriate range.