JP2000262815A - Filtration apparatus for wastewater from hydroponic culture apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily carry out waste treatment of a used filter medium discharged at the time of replacing the used filter medium with a fresh filter medium with no need of consideration of environmental pollution prevention by producing a filter, which is a substitute for chemical fiber filter laid under the lower face side of a filter medium layer and made of a synthetic resin which is hard to rot and decompose and emits harmful substances by combustion, using a material quickly getting rotten and decomposing in soil and providing the filter with durability as high as that of the chemical fiber filter. SOLUTION: In a filtration apparatus of wastewater of a hydroponic culture apparatus, a disk-like or a mat-like rice husk mat with a size approximately the same as the transverse cross section of a filtration cylinder 1 is formed by mixing finely pulverized rice husk with a binder material and pressure- forming the mixture and the rice husk mat is set as a filter F between filter mediums packed in layers in the filtration cylinder.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention mainly relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus in which a drainage of a hydroponic solution supplied to a medium and flowing therethrough can be supplied to the medium again as a hydroponic solution. Therefore, the present invention relates to a filtration device for drainage or the like of a hydroponic cultivation device used to filter and purify the drainage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 1, a hydroponic cultivation apparatus A generally comprises a medium or a medium formed by filling a pot or a pot with gravel or rock wool or the like in a greenhouse or a greenhouse. Are placed side by side in a basin-shaped container b to be installed at a position, and nutrients necessary for growing the crop are dissolved in water in these mediums a and separately adjusted and stored in a nutrient solution tank T. Excessive hydroponic culture (nutrient solution) is fed through a pumping device or a head difference when a nutrient solution tank T is installed and supplied through an irrigation device c, thereby flowing through a culture medium a. The liquid is collected in a basin-shaped container b and its outlet d
Then, the plant H to be planted in the culture medium a is cultivated with a hydroponic solution by draining into a drainage gutter or surplus water collecting tank e laid in a greenhouse or house. The excess water (drainage) flowing out into the drainage ditch or the collection tank e contains a considerable amount of residual nutrients. Therefore, in order to effectively use the wastewater, the drainage is collected by the pump P. This is supplied to a filtration device B for purification treatment, and further supplied to a sterilization device C for sterilization treatment, etc., so that it is reused for hydroponic drainage.

As shown in FIG. 2, this filtration device B is usually provided in a filter tube 1 which is formed in a tower shape and installed on a foundation 2 from the bottom in a cobblestone f, gravel g, sand h.・ Filter media such as activated carbon i are loaded one after another in layers, and filters FF are interposed between the filter media to prevent the filter media from flowing downward. In addition, a water outlet 4 connected to a pipe 3 for guiding drainage or the like to be filtered is provided via a control valve 5 such as a ball tap on the upper part of the filter tube 1. g, sand h, activated carbon i, etc., and is provided with an outlet 6 for taking out purified water that has been purified through the filter medium, and the filter F interposed between the filter medium and the filter medium. Usually uses a chemical fiber filter formed of chemical fibers.

[0004]

The filter device used for purifying drainage and the like in the above-mentioned hydroponic cultivation device is used to replace a used filter medium which has lost its function by use with a new filter medium. When the used filter media is taken out from the inside of the filter cylinder and discarded, the activated carbon in the filter media is difficult to decompose. However, there is a problem that the environment is polluted by using a chemical fiber filter using a chemical fiber as its material.

[0005] The used filter media and the chemical fiber filter which cause this environmental problem can be made to correspond to the activated carbon of the filter media by replacing rice husk with smoked charcoal or sand. In the case of, there is no material that can be replaced without impairing its function and durability, and it must be continued to be used. The problem is that the buried chemical fiber filter has to be removed and treated separately.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems occurring in the conventional means, and is provided on the lower surface side of the filter medium layer so as to be hardly corroded and decomposed, and to burn harmful substances. The filter that replaces the synthetic fiber filter made of synthetic resin material, which generates corrosion, is made of a material that corrodes and decomposes quickly in the soil, and has the same function and durability as the conventional chemical fiber filter. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new means for easily disposing of a used filter when the used filter medium is replaced with a new filter medium without considering environmental pollution. .

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, in order to achieve this object, filter media such as cobblestone, gravel, sand, activated carbon, etc. are laminated via a filter in a filter tube installed in a tower shape. In a filtration device for drainage and the like of a hydroponic cultivation device to be loaded and mixed, the finely crushed rice hulls are mixed with a binder to form a board or mat having a size substantially corresponding to the cross section of the filtration tube by compression molding. A rice hull mat is formed, and the rice hull mat is stacked between filter media and loaded with a filter media. It is to raise.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the means of the present invention, a large amount of a filter interposed between a filter medium and a filter medium is generated when dehulling rice to brown rice. Use rice husk, which is industrial waste. Therefore, the raw material cost becomes extremely low due to the effective use of industrial waste.

The rice hulls used as the raw material are subjected to a crushing treatment and finely crushed.
It is mixed with an appropriate binder such as casein or a resin material, and heated and compressed by a molding machine to form a predetermined shape. At this time, the cross section substantially corresponds to a cross section of a filtration tube constituting a body of the filtration machine. The rice hull mat is formed by shaping into a board or mat shape having a size, and this rice husk mat is used as a filter.

[0010] The filter made of the rice hull mat is loaded with cobblestone in a layered manner inside a filter tube forming the body of the filter, and when a layer of gravel is loaded thereon, the cobblestone layer is formed. On the upper surface, a support plate made of a perforated plate supported on the tube wall of the filtration tube is installed, and a filter made of this rice hull mat is placed on the support plate, and a layer of gravel is filled on the upper surface side. In addition, when a filter medium such as sand or rice husk charcoal is loaded on the gravel layer, a supporting plate made of a perforated plate is supported on the lower wall of the filter medium on the wall of the filter cylinder in the same manner as described above. Then, a filter made of the rice hull mat is placed thereon, and sand or rice husk charcoal is loaded on the upper surface thereof, and used to assemble a filter.

[0011]

Next, an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used for components having the same effects as those of the conventional means.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a device for purifying the drainage of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus for implementing the means of the present invention.
Is a filter tube assembled in a tower shape constituting a body of the filtration device B, 2 is a foundation laid at a predetermined place, and a filter tube 1 of the filtration device B is fixed on the upper surface, and 3 is a diagram shown in FIG. In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus A to be installed as shown, there is shown a pipe that is supplied to the culture medium a of the culture apparatus A and leads out the drainage (excess liquid) of the hydroponic solution that has flowed through the culture medium a.

As shown in FIG. 4, the filtration tube 1 constituting the body of the filtration device B includes a bottom filtration tube 10, a lower body filtration tube 11, an upper body filtration tube 12, and an upper body filtration tube 12. Filter tube 1
3, which are formed into independent partial filtration tubes, which are independent of each other, are sequentially stacked in multiple stages, and are formed at upper and lower end edges thereof.
Are assembled into the filter tube 1 by joining, closing and integrally connecting.

[0014] Of the partial filtration tubes divided into four partial filtration tubes of the filtration tube 1, the bottom filtration tube 10 located at the lowermost stage has a mounting seat plate fixedly mounted on the bottom surface on the upper surface of the foundation 2. A bottom plate 100 also serving as a joint is provided integrally, and a portion near the lower end of the body peripheral wall is connected to an outlet 6 for discharging a filtrate, and a joining flange portion 14 projecting circumferentially to an upper edge portion. Is provided. The bottom filter tube 10 is fixed to the upper surface of the base 2 before being fixed to the upper surface of the base 2 or fixed to the upper surface of the base 2 and the lower body filter tube 1 is fixed thereon.
In a state before the superposed 1 is assembled and connected, a cobblestone f having a particle size of about 50 to 100 mm is filled and buried therein as a filter medium by about 0.1 cubic rice.

The lower body filter cylinder 11 is formed such that gravel g having a particle size of about 5 to 20 mm is laid and loaded therein as a filter medium by about 0.15 cubic rice. And, as shown in FIG. 5, the lower body filter cylinder 11 is
A grid-shaped reinforcing member 110 is provided between the inner surfaces of the torso peripheral wall 11a. A support plate 111 made of a perforated plate, a wire mesh, or the like is mounted on the upper surface of the reinforcing member 110, and crushed on the upper surface thereof. A filter F made of a rice husk mat formed by mixing rice hulls with a binder, heating and compressing and forming into a mat shape is laid, and a filter material such as sand, gravel, activated carbon, or rice husk charcoal as an alternative to this is laid thereon. It is formed so that it can be loaded in layers.

The upper torso filter tube 12 is constructed in the same manner as the lower torso filter tube 11 described above, and a support plate made of a perforated plate or a wire mesh supported by a reinforcing bar is integrally formed at the bottom thereof. The filter F is laid on the bottom plate, and a suitable filter medium such as sand, activated carbon, or rice husk charcoal as a substitute for the filter F is attached to the lower body filter tube. As in the case of No. 11, the filter body can be loaded inside before assembling into the filter tube 1, and after the filter device B is assembled by assembling into the filter tube 1, the filter medium is replaced by the upper body filter formed as the partial filter tube. It can be performed by detaching and replacing the tube 12.

The upper filtration tube 13 is provided with the above-mentioned bottom filtration tube 10.
・ Drainage guided by the pipe 3 above the inner cavity of the filter tube 1 assembled by sequentially stacking and connecting the lower body filter tube 11, the upper body filter tube 12, etc. Is formed so as to be settled while being kept at a constant water level via a ball tap valve 5 or the like, and has no bottom plate on its bottom surface, is opened downward, and The above-mentioned ball tap valve 5 and the like are assembled and supported.

[0018]

As described above, the filtering device for drainage of a hydroponic cultivation device according to the present invention includes a filter medium such as cobblestone, gravel, sand, and rice husk charcoal in a filter tube installed in a tower shape. When forming a filtration device by laminating and loading through a filter, a filter to be interposed between the filter medium and the filter medium was formed by mixing finely crushed rice hulls with a binder and compression molding. Because the rice hull mat is used, when replacing the filter medium whose function has been reduced by use with a new filter medium,
Even if the filter is discarded together with the filter medium, the filter composed of the rice hull mat will naturally corrode and decompose and return to the soil, so when disposing of the used filter medium and filter when replacing the filter medium, there is an environmental problem. Can be easily processed without taking into account.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinally developed view of a conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a filtration device of the same device.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a filtration device for carrying out the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a filter tube of the same device.

FIG. 5 is a partially broken perspective view of a partial filtration tube for loading a filter medium of the same filtration tube.

[Explanation of symbols]

A: Hydroponics, B: Filtration, C: Sterilizer, P:
Pump, T: pumping tank, a: medium, b: container, c: irrigation device, d: outlet, e: collection tank, f: cobblestone, g: gravel, h: sand, i: activated carbon, 1: filtration Cylinder, 10: bottom filter tube, 100: bottom plate, 11: lower body filter tube, 11a: trunk peripheral wall, 110: reinforcing material, 111: support plate, 12: upper body filter tube, 13: upper filter tube, 14 … Joint collar, 2… Basic,
3 ... Piping, 4 ... Water outlet, 5 ... Ball tap valve, 6 ...
Outlet.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B01D 39/16 B01D 29/04 510D 510F 530A 29/08 520A 530D 540A F-term (Reference) 2B314 MA26 PA11 PB02 PB61 4D019 AA03 BA03 BA07 BA12 BA16 BB01 BB12 BB14 BB18 BD06 4D041 AA01 AB17 AB21 BA01 BB03 BB04 BB09 BB12 BB13 BB27 CB00 CC03

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fine crushing treatment in a filtration device for drainage of a hydroponic cultivation device in which filter media such as cobblestone, gravel, sand, and activated carbon are stacked and loaded through a filter in a filter tube installed in a tower shape. The rice hulls thus obtained are mixed with a binder to form a disc-shaped or mat-shaped rice hull mat having a size substantially corresponding to the cross section of the filter tube by compression molding, and the rice hull mat is stacked and loaded in the filter tube. A filtration device for draining water from a hydroponic cultivation device, wherein the filtration device is interposed as a filter between filter media to be filtered.