JP2000254536A - Mechanochemical treatment method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the subject treatment method and apparatus capable of increasing a mechanochemical reaction speed. SOLUTION: Reaction balls and a material to be treated are charged in a reaction chamber 5 between an outer cylinder 1 having a plurality of blades 4a provided to the inner peripheral surface thereof in the rotary axis direction and peripheral direction thereof and closed at both ends thereof and rotated in a horizontal state and an inner cylinder 2 having a plurality of blades 4b attached to the outer peripheral surface thereof in the rotary axis direction and peripheral direction thereof and rotated around the axis of the outer cylinder and the material to be treated is reacted while the outer and inner cylinders are rotated in mutually reverse directions.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mechanochemical treatment method for causing a chemical reaction in the course of mechanically pulverizing an object to be treated at room temperature, and to an apparatus used therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The occurrence of a chemical reaction in a mechanical pulverizing process has been known for a relatively long time, and is generally referred to as a mechanochemical reaction.

[0003] This reaction has been studied from before World War II to during the war, mainly on research on the dynamic detonation sensitivity of explosives caused by shock and friction. After the war,
It has been applied to accelerating solidification of cement, accelerating elution of rare earth metals, synthesizing mineral fertilizers, improving sinterability of oxides, and manufacturing special alloys by mechanical alloying. Further, the application has been extended to the field of organic chemistry such as organic synthesis and production of pharmaceuticals.

[0004] Mechanochemical treatment is a process for causing this mechanochemical reaction, and is a process of mixing and pulverizing an object to be processed while applying mechanical energy with an impact pulverizer such as a ball mill. The material to be processed is physically torn off in the process of pulverization by the impact force caused by the drop of the ball, and a highly active molecular surface is formed.Thus, by performing mechanochemical treatment, it is possible to progress reactions that can not occur at room temperature it can.

[0005] Mechanochemical treatment can be carried out in a laboratory using a planetary ball mill capable of applying an impact force having a high energy density to an object to be treated. However, in a planetary ball mill, since the axes of the grinding chamber and the entire mill are shifted, vibration when the mill is enlarged is severe. Therefore, the limit of a single processing amount is about 100 g.

[0006] Even when a general ball mill is used, the mechanochemical reaction proceeds. However, the reaction is slow. For example, when an effective mechanochemical treatment is performed, the reaction is completed within several hours, but may require several days to several weeks.

On the other hand, wet pulverization, in which an object to be pulverized is suspended in a liquid and pulverized in a slurry state, is widely used because fine powder is easily obtained and the efficiency is higher than in dry pulverization. As an apparatus for performing this wet pulverization, a pulverizing apparatus having a structure in which a pulverizing chamber is provided between an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder of a horizontal double cylinder and wings are provided on the inner surface of the outer cylinder and the outer surface of the inner cylinder has been proposed. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-32884, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-67490)
And Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-75677. However, these pulverizers are originally proposed for the purpose of fine pulverization, and focus on charging and discharging of powder, and have a structure that allows the reaction to proceed uniformly and quickly. It is difficult to cause a mechanochemical reaction because no consideration is given to operating conditions.

[0008]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a uniform reaction and a reaction rate necessary for further expanding the applicable range of mechanochemical reactions capable of producing a reaction that cannot occur at room temperature. It is an object of the present invention to provide a mechanochemical treatment method capable of improving the quality and a device therefor. In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide a mechanochemical treatment method and a treatment apparatus which can be effectively applied to the removal of halogen from a substance containing an organic halogen compound which generates an environmental pollutant with incineration.

[0009]

The gist of the present invention resides in the following mechanochemical processing method (1) and apparatus (2).

(1) A plurality of blades are attached to the inner peripheral surface in the rotation axis direction and the circumferential direction, respectively, and both ends are closed. The outer cylinder rotates in a horizontal state, and the outer peripheral surface rotates in the rotation axis direction and the circumferential direction. A plurality of blades are attached to each other, and a reaction ball and an object to be processed are charged into a reaction chamber between an inner cylinder that rotates about the axis of the outer cylinder as a rotation axis, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are inverted from each other. A mechanochemical treatment method in which a workpiece is reacted while rotating in the direction.

In this case, the rotation speed N of the outer cylinder is set so that the centrifugal effect Z on the inner wall of the outer cylinder defined by the following equation becomes 0.5 or more and 1.5 or less, and the rotation speed of the inner cylinder is If the peripheral speed on the outer wall is set to be 2 m / s or more,
More effective and desirable.

Z = V ² / gr where V is the peripheral velocity of the inner wall of the outer cylinder [m / s] V = Nπr / 30 (where N is the rotational speed [rpm] and r is the outer cylinder Inner wall radius [m]) g: Gravitational acceleration [m / s ² ] Also, the radial length of the blade attached to the inner cylinder is set to 50% or more of the radial distance of the reaction chamber, and the blade is attached to the outer cylinder. And the sum of the radial lengths of the blades attached to the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is 95% or less of the radial distance of the reaction chamber. It is more effective if the rotation speeds of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are set as described above.

(2) An apparatus for carrying out the mechanochemical processing method according to (1), wherein the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder rotate in opposite directions about the same axis as a rotation axis in a horizontal state. The outer cylinder has both ends closed, and a plurality of wings are attached to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, respectively. Mechanochemical processing equipment installed.

In this case, the radial length of the blade attached to the inner cylinder is 50% or more of the radial distance of the reaction chamber, and the inclination angle of the blade attached to the outer cylinder with respect to the circumferential direction is 3 degrees or more. It is more effective and desirable if the angle is less than 10 degrees and the sum of the radial lengths of the blades respectively attached to the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is 95% or less of the radial distance of the reaction chamber.

The "axis of the outer cylinder" in (1) and the "same axis" in (2) are not the axes as mechanical elements, but the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder as mathematical three-dimensional figures. This means the axis (center axis) of the cylinder when viewed.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

According to the mechanochemical treatment method of the present invention, as described above, a reaction ball and an object to be treated are charged into a reaction chamber between an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder using a processing apparatus having a double cylindrical structure. This is a method of reacting an object to be processed while rotating the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder in opposite directions.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show the structure of an apparatus for carrying out this method, that is, an example of the mechanochemical processing apparatus of the present invention. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 2 is A in FIG.
It is sectional drawing in the -A arrow direction.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, this device includes an outer cylinder 1 and an inner cylinder 2 which rotate in opposite directions about the same central axis as a rotation axis in a horizontal state.

A plurality of blades 4a (hereinafter, referred to as outer cylinder blades) are attached to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 1 in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, respectively. In addition, a plurality of blades 4b (hereinafter, referred to as inner cylinder blades) are attached in the circumferential direction. The number of wings is not limited to the illustrated example. It is desirable that both the outer cylinder wing and the inner cylinder wing have 4 to 16 blades in the axial direction and 4 to 8 blades in the circumferential direction.

At both ends of the outer cylinder 1, outer plates 3-1 and 3-2 fixed to the flange 3 are attached, and both ends are closed. A reaction chamber is formed in which an object is charged to cause a reaction. The flange 3 is supported by a bearing 6 and fixed to a foundation (not shown). A pulley 7 for transmitting the power of the motor to the outer cylinder 1 by a belt is attached to one end of the one flange 3.

In this device example, one end of the inner cylinder 2 is
A workpiece supply pipe 9 internally provided with a screw feeder 8 for supplying the workpiece into the reaction chamber 5 is fixedly connected to a supply hopper 10. At the tip of the screw feeder 8, a guide 11 which is a passage for introducing an object to be processed into the reaction chamber 5 is attached. At the end of the reaction chamber 5, a partition plate 17 is attached to the inner cylinder 2 with a slight gap 17-1 provided between the reaction chamber 5 and the outer cylinder 1. The object to be processed is a gap 1 between the partition plate 17 and the outer cylinder 1.
It is supplied to the center of the reaction chamber 5 through 7-1.

At the other end of the inner cylinder 2, a support pipe 13 having a cooling water supply pipe 12 for supplying cooling water to the inside of the inner cylinder is fixedly provided, and a rotary joint (not shown) is provided. It is connected to the. The cooling water supplied from the cooling water supply pipe 12 is discharged through a gap 12-1 between the supply pipe 12 and the support pipe 13. Further, a cooling pipe 20 is provided on the outer periphery of the outer cylinder 1.

The workpiece supply pipe 9 and the support pipe 13 fixed to both ends of the inner cylinder 2 are supported by bearings 14 respectively, and are provided between the pipe 3 and the flanges 3 attached to both ends of the outer cylinder 1. A bearing 15 is fitted in the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 for smoothly rotating the cylinders in opposite directions.
A pulley 16 for transmitting the power of the motor to the inner cylinder 2 by a belt is attached to an end of the workpiece supply pipe 9.

A product recovery tank 19 for recovering a reaction product is provided on the opposite side of the reaction chamber 5 from the supply side of the material to be processed (outside of the reaction chamber). As shown in FIG. 3, the outer plate 3-2 fixed to the flange 3 is provided with six openings 18 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer side of the plate 3-2. The discharged reactant is collected in the product collection tank 19. During operation, a net (not shown) for preventing the reaction balls from being discharged is attached to the outside of the outer plate 3-2. When taking out the reaction ball outside the reaction chamber,
The net is removed and taken out of the opening 18.

In order to carry out the mechanochemical treatment method of the present invention using the above-mentioned apparatus, a reaction ball is loaded into the reaction chamber 5 from the opening 18 provided in the outer plate 3-2. The above-mentioned net is attached to the outside of -2, and outer cylinder 1 and inner cylinder 2
Are supplied to the supply hopper 10 while rotating in the opposite directions. The supplied workpiece is transferred by the screw feeder 8, guided by the guide 11, passed through the gap 17-1 between the partition plate 17 and the outer cylinder 1, and charged into the reaction chamber 5. The object to be treated reacts in the process of being subjected to further impact pulverization while being subjected to mechanical energy in the reaction chamber, and gradually moves to the product recovery tank 19 side. Therefore, the reaction product is provided on the outer plate 3-2. It can be continuously collected in the collection tank 19 from the opening 18.

As the object to be treated, any substance can be used as long as it can cause a mechanochemical reaction. In particular, if a substance containing an organic halogen compound that generates an environmental pollutant in association with the incineration treatment described above is targeted, halogen can be efficiently removed from the organic halogen compound. In this case, a substance containing an oxide and / or hydroxide such as sodium, calcium, and strontium which forms a water-soluble halide by binding to chlorine in the organic halogen compound is treated with an organic halogen compound ( For example, what is mixed with polyvinyl chloride resin) may be used as an object to be treated.

In the mechanochemical treatment method of the present invention, the reaction chamber is provided between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder having a double cylindrical structure, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are rotated in opposite directions. This is to increase the density of mechanical energy. This effect can be further enhanced by mounting the wings on the inner periphery of the outer cylinder and the outer periphery of the inner cylinder and charging the reaction ball into the reaction chamber. As a result, the speed of the mechanochemical reaction of the object to be processed is increased, and the processing can be performed in a short time.

Although a large amount of heat is generated depending on the reaction, an excessively high temperature in the reaction chamber can be prevented by using a device capable of cooling as described above, and a long-time continuous operation can be performed without any trouble.

The diameter and the packing ratio of the reaction balls loaded in the reaction chamber are not particularly limited. What is necessary is just to determine according to the diameter and filling factor of the ball used by the conventional ball mill for grinding.

In the method of the present invention, the rotational speed of the outer cylinder is set such that the centrifugal effect Z on the inner wall of the outer cylinder defined by the following equation is 0.5 or more and 1.5 or less, and the rotational speed of the inner cylinder is If the peripheral speed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder is set to be 2 m / s or more, mechanochemical processing can be performed more efficiently.

Z = a / g = V ² / gr where a: centrifugal acceleration [m / s ² ] g: gravitational acceleration [m / s ² ] V: peripheral velocity of the inner wall of the outer cylinder [m / s] V = Nπr / 30 (where N is the rotation speed [rpm], r is the radius of the inner wall of the outer cylinder [m]) The rotation speed of the outer cylinder is large, the peripheral speed is too high, and If the centrifugal effect Z exceeds 1.5, the object to be processed sticks to the inner wall of the reaction chamber on the outer cylinder side due to centrifugal force, and the reactivity deteriorates. In order to exhibit the function of the ball mill, the centrifugal effect Z is preferably set to 0.5 or more. Therefore, it is desirable to set the rotation speed of the outer cylinder as described above.

When the peripheral speed at the outer wall of the inner cylinder is less than 2 m / s, the progress of the reaction is slowed down.
It is desirable to set it to be s or more. The higher the number of rotations, the better, but the upper limit is naturally determined due to restrictions on equipment.

In the mechanochemical processing method according to the present invention, if the lengths and the mounting angles of the blades of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the processing apparatus used are set within predetermined ranges,
Mechanochemical treatment can be performed efficiently. That is, in FIG. 2 described above (that is, in the mechanochemical treatment apparatus of the present invention), the radial length (L
₁ ) is set to 50% or more of the radial distance (L ₂ ) of the reaction chamber, the inclination angle of the outer cylinder blade to the circumferential direction is set to 3 ° or more and less than 10 °, and the radius of the outer cylinder blade and the inner cylinder blade is set. The sum of the lengths in the direction (L ₃ + L ₁ ) is calculated as the radial distance (L ₂ ) of the reaction chamber.
If the method of the present invention is carried out at 95% or less, the efficiency of mechanochemical treatment can be further enhanced. The angle of inclination of the outer cylinder with respect to the circumferential direction of the blade refers to the angle θ with respect to the circumferential direction shown in FIG. 4 in which the inner wall of the outer cylinder is developed in a plane.

As described above, the length and the mounting angle of the outer cylinder wing and the inner cylinder wing are set within the above ranges.
By setting the rotation speed of the outer cylinder and inner cylinder as described above,
Mechanochemical treatment can be performed even more efficiently.

The blade, particularly the inner cylinder blade, has a large stirring effect. As described above, if the length of the inner cylinder blade is 50% or more of the radial distance of the reaction chamber, the object to be treated in the reaction chamber is Is sufficiently stirred, and the mechanochemical reaction proceeds uniformly. However, if the sum of the radial lengths of the outer cylinder blades and the inner cylinder blades exceeds 95% of the radial distance of the reaction chamber, the stirring resistance increases and the blade wear increases.

When the length of the blade of the inner cylinder is set as described above, the installation interval in the rotation axis direction of the blade of the inner cylinder is
Suitably, it is 50-100% of the radial distance of the reaction chamber. That is, in FIG. 1 described above, when the installation interval L ₄ of the blades of the inner cylinder is less than 50% of the radial distance L ₂ of the reaction chamber, the installation intervals of the blades are short, the number of blades is large, the stirring resistance is large, The wear of the wings also increases. On the other hand, if it exceeds 100%, the stirring is insufficient and the reaction rate decreases.

On the other hand, the wing of the outer cylinder has a stirring effect only by being present as compared with the case without the wing. In particular, when the wing is formed at an angle, that is, as shown in FIG. If the temperature is set to be 3 degrees or more, the stirring in the axial direction is effectively performed, and the reaction can proceed uniformly throughout the reaction chamber. Where the inclination angle θ
Is greater than 10 degrees, the stirring resistance increases, and an accompanying increase in wear is observed.

According to the mechanochemical treatment method of the present invention, the mechanochemical reaction can proceed uniformly and the reaction speed can be remarkably increased as compared with the case of using a conventional single cylindrical ball mill having only an outer cylinder. . Further, this method can be easily implemented by the above-described mechanochemical processing apparatus of the present invention.

[0040]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment having the structure shown in FIGS.
Mechanochemical treatment apparatus of 10 kg scale (outer cylinder: inner diameter 420 mm, length 650 mm, inner cylinder: inner diameter 160 mm,
1kg of powdered polyvinyl chloride using 540mm length)
A mixture of 3.6 kg of lime and quick lime was charged into the reaction chamber as an object to be treated, and subjected to mechanochemical treatment under the conditions shown in Table 1. The processing time was 1 hour, 3 hours and 5 hours.

After the treatment, the mixture (reaction product) was taken out from both ends in the longitudinal direction of the reaction chamber, washed with stirring for about 1 hour in 100 liters of water, filtered, and analyzed for chlorine in the residue. Then, the dechlorination rate of polyvinyl chloride was determined.

In the treatment, 40,000 stainless steel balls (about 1 mm in diameter) having a diameter of 10 mm were used as reaction balls in the reaction chamber.
70 kg). This is an amount occupying more than half of the volume (volume) of the reaction chamber as an apparent volume.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the number of blades of the outer cylinder is five at equal intervals (114 mm) in the axial direction and four at 90 ° pitch in the circumferential direction. The installation number of
There are four at equal intervals (114 mm) in the axial direction and four at 90 ° pitch in the circumferential direction.

For comparison, the same treatment was performed using a single cylindrical ball mill having no outer wing and only an outer cylinder. In this case, the inner diameter of the cylinder was 420 mm, the effective length was 470 mm, the charged amount of the balls was the same as that described above, and the rotation speed was 70 rpm.

The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, 1 and 2 such as A-1 and A-2 in the column of "Case" in Table 1 indicate that the dechlorination rate is a value for a sample collected at one end and the other end of the reaction chamber, respectively. Show. In addition, the inclination angle of the blade in the column of “outer cylinder” is the inclination angle of the outer cylinder with respect to the circumferential direction.

[0046]

[Table 1]

As is evident from the results in Table 1, extremely good results were obtained in all of the examples of the present invention as compared with the comparative examples using a single cylindrical ball mill.

In particular, in case A, that is, the radial length of the blade of the inner cylinder is set to the radial distance of the reaction chamber ((420−160) / 2 =
130mm) 50% or more (in this case A, 65 × 100/13
0 = 50%), the angle of inclination of the wing attached to the outer cylinder with respect to the circumferential direction is 3 degrees or more and less than 10 degrees (also 5 degrees), and the radial direction of the wing attached to the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, respectively. If the sum of the lengths is set to a desirable condition of not more than 95% of the radial distance of the reaction chamber (similarly, (45 + 65) × 100/130 = 84.6%), the dechlorination rate after treating for 5 hours is extremely high. And there was almost no variation at both ends of the reaction chamber. In this case A, the centrifugal effect Z on the inner wall of the outer cylinder obtained by the above equation is 1.15,
The peripheral speed of the inner cylinder is 2.5 m / s, and the rotation speeds of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are also under the desirable conditions described above.

In case C, in which the length of the blades of the inner cylinder was short, the rate of the dechlorination reaction was slower than in case A, which was performed under particularly desirable conditions. There was no difference and the reaction proceeded uniformly.

On the other hand, in case D where the length of the blade of the inner cylinder is long and in case E where the inclination angle of the blade of the outer cylinder is 0 °, that is, when the wing is attached parallel to the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder, the reaction is Although slight variations were observed in the dechlorination rate at both ends of the chamber, the rate of the dechlorination reaction was higher than in case C.

In case F where the rotation speed of the outer cylinder was small, there was some variation in the dechlorination rate, but the reaction speed was faster than in case C.

Case G is a case where the rotation speed of the outer cylinder is large. However, since the peripheral speed is high, the object to be processed sticks to the inner wall of the outer cylinder due to centrifugal force and the reactivity becomes poor. The reaction rate decreased slightly.

In case H, the rotation speed of the inner cylinder was small, but a slight decrease in the reaction speed was observed as compared with case A.

[0054]

According to the mechanochemical treatment method of the present invention, it is possible to make the mechanochemical reaction proceed uniformly and to significantly improve the reaction rate. In particular, it can be effectively applied to the removal of halogen from a substance containing an organic halogen compound (for example, polyvinyl chloride).

The method of the present invention can be easily implemented by the mechanochemical processing apparatus of the present invention.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of an example of a mechanochemical processing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of an outer plate attached to an outlet side of a reaction chamber of the mechanochemical treatment apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view in which an inner wall of an outer cylinder of the mechanochemical processing apparatus of the present invention is developed in a plane.

[Brief description of reference numerals]

1: outer cylinder 2: inner cylinder 3: flange 3-1; 3-2: outer plate 4a, 4b: blade 5: reaction chamber 6: bearing 7: pulley 8: screw feeder 9: workpiece supply pipe 10: supply Hopper 11: Guide 12: Cooling water supply pipe 12-1: Gap 13: Support pipe 14: Bearing 15: Bearing 16: Pulley 17: Partition plate 17-1: Gap 18: Opening 19: Product recovery tank 20: Cooling pipe L ₁ : Radial length of the inner cylinder blade L ₂ : Radial distance of the reaction chamber L ₃ : Radial length of outer cylinder blade L ₄ : Installation interval of the inner cylinder blade in the rotation axis direction θ : Inclination angle of the outer cylinder wing with respect to the circumferential direction

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4D063 FF02 FF14 FF21 FF35 GA10 GC01 GC14 GC17 GC21 GC31 GD24 4G075 AA22 BA05 EB27 EC11 ED09 EE01

Claims (5)

[Claims] A plurality of wings are attached to an inner peripheral surface in a rotational axis direction and a peripheral direction, respectively, and both ends are closed, and an outer cylinder that rotates in a horizontal state is provided. A plurality of blades are attached, and a reaction ball and an object to be treated are charged into a reaction chamber between an inner cylinder that rotates about the axis of the outer cylinder as a rotation axis. A mechanochemical processing method characterized by reacting an object to be processed while rotating the object. 2. The rotational speed N of the outer cylinder is set such that the centrifugal effect Z on the inner wall of the outer cylinder defined by the following equation is 0.5 or more and 1.5 or less, and the rotational speed of the inner cylinder is set to the outer wall of the inner cylinder. 2. The mechanochemical processing method according to claim 1, wherein the peripheral speed is set to be 2 m / s or more. Z = V ² / gr where V: peripheral velocity of inner wall of outer cylinder [m / s] V = Nπr / 30 (where N is rotation speed [rpm], r is radius of inner wall of outer cylinder) [M]) g: Gravitational acceleration [m / s ² ] 3. The radial length of the blade attached to the inner cylinder is 50% or more of the radial distance of the reaction chamber, and the inclination angle of the blade attached to the outer cylinder with respect to the circumferential direction is 3 degrees or more and 10 degrees. And the sum of the radial lengths of the blades respectively attached to the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is set to 9 of the radial distance of the reaction chamber.
The mechanochemical treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the content is 5% or less. 4. An apparatus for carrying out the mechanochemical processing method according to claim 1, comprising an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder which rotate in opposite directions about the same axis as a rotation axis in a horizontal state. Both ends of the outer cylinder are closed, and a plurality of wings are attached to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder in the axial and circumferential directions, respectively, and a plurality of wings are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder in the axial direction and the circumferential direction. A mechanochemical processing device. 5. The radial length of the blade attached to the inner cylinder is at least 50% of the radial distance of the reaction chamber, and the angle of inclination of the blade attached to the outer cylinder with respect to the circumferential direction is 3 degrees or more.
5. The mechano according to claim 4, wherein the sum of the radial lengths of the blades respectively attached to the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is 95% or less of the radial distance of the reaction chamber. Chemical processing equipment.