JP2000248877A - Soil separation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a soil separation device which is most suitable when a tube with a small diameter is propelled by employing a slurry type pipe propulsion method. SOLUTION: In this soil separation device, a slurry convey line 11 connected to a slurry feed pipe for feeding a slurry to the periphery of a cutter head provided in a shield machine and a slurry discharge line 12 connected to a slurry discharge pipe for discharging slurry together with mud-water are provided. A water tank 13 is divided into a discharge tank 14 and a storage tank 15 by a partition wall 13a. A slurry separation bag 17 is provided in the tank 14, while a discharge port 12a of the line 12 is opened above the tank 14 to separate a mixture of mud water and sand and soil discharged from the liner 12 into sand and soil, and mud water. A hopper 19 storing therein mud making materials is provided above the tank 15, and the mud making materials are drawn out and mixed by a venturi effects due to a high speed water stream produced by a nozzle 20 to store it in the tank 15. A mud feed pump 18 is connected to the tank 15 and the line 11 is spit to provide valves 21a, 21b and the valve 21a is connected to the nozzle 20, while the valve 21b is connected to the line 11.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for separating excavated sediment from wastewater discharged in a state where excavated earth and sand that excavated the ground and mud that prevents collapse of the ground are mixed when the muddy water propulsion method is carried out. The present invention relates to a sediment separating apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the muddy water propulsion method, when excavating the ground with a cutter head arranged at the head of an excavator, muddy water whose viscosity and viscosity have been adjusted in advance around the cutter head is subjected to a pressure substantially equal to the groundwater pressure. In this method, the supplied mud prevents the ground from collapsing, thereby realizing a stable propulsion direction, and discharging the excavated earth and sand together with the mud. The mud discharged with the excavated earth and sand
The sediment separation device separates the muddy water, sand and gravels into muddy water, the specific gravity and viscosity of which are adjusted again and sent to the cutter head, and the sand and gravels are disposed of as industrial waste.

[0003] An example of such a sediment separation apparatus is as follows.
This will be described with reference to the block diagram shown in FIG. The muddy water propulsion method is largely divided into a shield method and a semi-shield method. The sediment separation apparatus shown in the figure is mainly used in a semi-shielding method used when propelling and laying a pipe such as a fume pipe, a steel pipe or a synthetic resin pipe in the ground. The sediment separation device is installed on the ground at the site where the excavator is propelled, and the separated sediment is configured to be sequentially discarded to a predetermined disposal place by means such as a dump truck, and has a relatively large diameter. It is used for excavating large tunnels.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 51 denotes a mud discharging line, which is connected to the head of an excavator (not shown) and has a function of discharging excavated earth and sand around a cutter head together with muddy water.
52 is a vibrating sieve to which the outlet of the sludge line 51 is connected,
When muddy water containing excavated sediment is supplied, it has a function of separating sediment from the muddy water into sand and gravels by a vibrating sieve provided inside, and discharging the separated sand and gravels to the outside.

[0005] Reference numeral 53 denotes a circulation tank, which stores muddy water that has passed through the vibrating sieve 52. The circulation tank 53 is provided with a circulation pump 54, and the muddy water contained in the circulation tank 53 is supplied to the cyclone 55 by the circulation pump 54, and the cyclone 55 contains muddy water that does not contain sediment and possibly sediment. Separated into muddy water, muddy water containing earth and sand is supplied to the vibrating sieve 52 and muddy water not containing earth and sand is supplied to the adjusting tank 56.

[0006] The adjusting tank 56 is connected to the circulation tank 53 so that the muddy water contained therein can flow through each other. In addition, a jet turbo 57 is arranged in the adjustment tank 56,
The stored muddy water is configured to be stirred. A bentonite mixer 58 is arranged at a position different from the adjustment tank 56, and inside the bentonite mixer 58, muddy water containing bentonite having a specific gravity and viscosity set in advance is always produced. The bentonite mixer 58 and the adjusting tank 56 are connected by piping, and when the specific gravity and the viscosity of the mud in the adjusting tank 56 decrease, the specific gravity and the viscosity are adjusted by supplying mud from the bentonite mixer 58 to the adjusting tank 56. Is configured to obtain.

A mud feed pump 59 is connected to the adjusting tank 56 so that muddy water can be supplied to the cutter head provided at the head of the excavator via the mud feed pump 59 via the mud feed pump 59. Have been.

In the above-mentioned sediment separating apparatus, the sediment is separated from the mixed fluid of the muddy water and the excavated sediment discharged through the mud discharging line 51, and the separated sediment is further made to correspond to the size of the particles so that the component of the sand is separated. And the components of gravel.

[0009]

When implementing the semi-shield method, especially when the diameter of the pipe to be propelled is small,
It is required that propulsion be started from the smallest shaft to minimize the adverse effects on traffic and other surrounding conditions.

[0010] When the diameter of the pipe to be laid is small, the amount of sediment discharged is small, and the amount of muddy water used is small. There is.

Therefore, at present, there is a demand for the development of a sediment separating apparatus that is optimal for laying small-diameter pipes.

An object of the present invention is to provide a sediment separating apparatus which has a simple structure and can be reduced in size.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have developed a technique for laying pipes in the ground by using a semi-shield method, and have been working to lay pipes having a small diameter. In this case, technology is being developed on how to reduce the work space and realize a construction method that does not adversely affect the surrounding traffic situation.

As a result of the above development, when a small-diameter pipe is propelled, the excavated earth and sand can be discharged even when the control of the specific gravity and viscosity of the mud is loosened. That the amount of sediment discharged
It was found that the amount of mud used was reduced.

Accordingly, the earth and sand separating apparatus according to the present invention is an apparatus for separating earth and sand from the mud discharged together with the excavated soil when the muddy water propulsion method is carried out, and a discharge tank for discharging the mud containing the excavated earth and sand. And a discharge port for discharging muddy water containing excavated earth and sand into the discharge tank, and a sediment separation bag detachably disposed facing the discharge port.

In the above-mentioned sediment separating apparatus, the mixed fluid of excavated sediment and mud is discharged into a sediment separating bag detachably disposed in a discharge tank, whereby the sediment separating bag functions as a sieve to remove sand and gravel. Separated soil and muddy water can be separated. For this reason, the structure can be simplified as compared with a conventional earth and sand separation device provided with a vibrating sieve.

In the above-mentioned sediment separating apparatus, a hopper having a storage section for storing the mud material and a supply section communicating with the storage section is connected to the supply section of the hopper, and a stream of water is jetted from the storage section. It has a nozzle for sucking the mud making material, a mud feeding pump connected to the nozzle and the mud feeding pipe, and a storage tank connected to the mud sending pump and storing water sucked from the mud making material. preferable.

By configuring the earth and sand separating device as described above, the structure required for adjusting the specific gravity and viscosity of mud discharged from the excavation site and from which earth and sand are separated can be simplified. That is, a mud making material for adjusting the specific gravity and viscosity of the mud is accommodated in a hopper, and the mud making material can be mixed by sucking the mud making material by a water stream jetted from a nozzle connected to a mud feed pump. Therefore, the specific gravity and viscosity of the muddy water can be adjusted without using a large-scale device such as a bentonite mixer.

By supplying the muddy water stored in the storage tank to the cutter head disposed at the head of the excavator by a mud pump, it is possible to prevent collapse of the ground.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned sediment separating apparatus will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the earth and sand separation device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a layout near the starting shaft when the muddy water propulsion method is carried out, and is a diagram for explaining the installation and use state of the sediment separation device.

The sediment separation apparatus A according to this embodiment employs a semi-shield construction method based on a muddy water propulsion method when laying a pipeline in the ground. It is advantageous to use when the amount of is small,
The sediment is installed near the starting shaft where propulsion is started so that sediment can be separated from the mixed fluid of the discharged earth and mud.

In particular, in order not to adversely affect the traffic situation in the vicinity, it is preferable to move from the vicinity of the starting shaft from the end of one day's propulsion to the start of the next propulsion. For this reason, the sediment separation apparatus A is configured to have a capacity enough to be mounted on a truck, and is configured to be able to carry out the work in a state where the truck is stopped around the starting shaft.

First, the overall layout when the semi-shield method is performed will be schematically described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, an excavator 2 is arranged at the head from a start shaft 1 constructed at a predetermined position on a target pipeline to an arrival shaft (not shown), and a propulsion pipe 3 is arranged following the excavator 2. In this order, the propulsion is performed by the main pushing device 4 installed in the starting shaft 1.

That is, first, the excavator 2 is placed on the original pushing device 4, and the push wheel 4a is brought into contact with the rear end portion of the excavator 2, and in this state, the cutter provided at the head of the excavator 2 The excavator 2 is propelled by driving the head 2a and thereby applying thrust by the main pushing device 4 while excavating the ground. After the propulsion of the excavator 2 is completed, the cutter head 2a is stopped and the push wheel 4a is pulled back. Thereafter, the propulsion pipe 3 is placed on the main pushing device 4 and the push wheel 4 is brought into contact with the cutter head 2a. While driving 2a, the main pushing device 4 is driven to propel the excavator 2 and the propulsion pipe 3. By repeating this work, a connection between the starting shaft 1 and the arriving shaft by the propulsion pipe 3 lays a target pipeline.

Inside the excavator 2 and the propulsion pipe 3,
And a mud pipe 6 are installed, and each penetrates a partition 2b rotatably supporting a cutter head 2a provided at the head of the excavator 2, and into a space (soil shaving chamber) formed around the cutter head 2a. It is open.

The mud pipe 5 supplies muddy water having a specific gravity and a viscosity sufficient to suspend the excavated earth and sand and having a pressure substantially equal to the underground water pressure at the excavation site in the ground. . By supplying the muddy water around the cutter head 2a, it is possible to prevent groundwater from spouting to the excavation site, prevent the collapse of the ground, and allow the excavated earth and sand to float in the muddy water.

The mud pipe 6 is sucked by a mud pump 7 installed in the starting shaft 1, and discharges muddy water around the cutter head 2a and at the same time discharges excavated sediment consisting of sand and gravel floating in the muddy water. I do. Therefore, the muddy water around the cutter head 2a is constantly flowing, and it is possible to discharge the excavated earth and sand in a favorable state along with the flowing.

In the vicinity of the starting shaft 1 and on the ground,
A control unit 8 provided with an operation panel for operating the excavator 2 and the main pushing device 4, a control panel for controlling the propulsion direction of the excavator 2, and a truck 9 equipped with a generator 9a and a hydraulic unit 9b are stopped. The driving and propulsion directions of the excavator 2 are controlled by the equipment mounted on the truck,
Is configured to be driven and controlled.

Similarly, in the vicinity of the starting shaft 1 and above the ground, a truck 10 on which a sediment separation device A is mounted is disposed. The sediment separation apparatus A is provided with a mud line 11 and a mud line 12. The mud line 11 is connected to the mud pipe 5, and the mud line 12 is connected to a mud pipe 7 through a mud pump 7. 6 is connected.

That is, in the sediment separation apparatus A, the muddy water having a specific gravity and viscosity set in advance is adjusted, and the mud feed line 11,
The muddy water is sent to the vicinity of the cutter head 2a through the mud feeding pipe 5, and the excavated earth and sand is separated from the mud discharged through the mud discharging pipe 6 and the mud discharging line 12, so that the mud can be recirculated. I have.

Next, the configuration of the sediment separation apparatus A is shown in FIG.
This will be described below. The sediment separation apparatus A has a water tank 13 mounted on a truck 10, and the water tank 13 is separated by a partition 13a into a discharge tank 14 for discharging muddy water and a storage tank 15. A communication hole 13b is formed in the partition wall 13a, and the water level in the discharge tank 14 and the water level in the storage tank 15 are kept equal by the communication hole 13b. A fresh water tank 16 that stores water adjacent to the water tank 13
Is disposed, and by a pump 16a provided in the fresh water tank 16,
The discharge tank 14 and the storage tank 15 are configured to be able to supply water.

At a predetermined position above the discharge tank 14, a sludge line 12 is provided.
Is opened, and a sediment separation bag 17 is disposed at a position facing the outlet 12a. This sediment separation bag
17 is formed as a cylindrical bag made of a woven fabric having a mesh of about 0.1 mm, and is configured to be attachable to and detachable from the upper edge of the discharge tank 14 using the handle 17a. .

The muddy water is discharged directly from the discharge port 12a to the sediment separation bag 17 so that the sediment separation bag 17 functions as a sieve, whereby the sediment having a size of about 0.1 mm or more is removed. By holding it inside 17, sediment discharged with muddy water can be separated.

The material of the fabric forming the sediment separation bag 17 is not particularly limited. However, it is preferable to have high strength and water resistance, and it is possible to use a synthetic fiber having an appropriate thickness. The size of the stitch is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.1 mm as in the present embodiment. When the size of the eyes becomes large, sand with large particles cannot be separated and the state of being mixed in the muddy water is maintained, and the mud is sent again. . When the size of the mesh is reduced, the function as a sieve is impaired, and there is a possibility that the soil overflows from the upper portion of the sediment separation bag 17 and the sediment cannot be separated.

When the sediment separation bag 17 is filled with the separated sediment, it is removed from the discharge tank 14 by a crane or the like, and a new sediment separation bag 17 is attached to the discharge tank 14 so that the sediment is removed from the mud discharged from the sludge line 12. Can be continued.

As described above, the structure for separating the earth and sand in the earth and sand separation apparatus A can be made extremely simple. This is because the diameter of the propulsion pipe 3 to be propelled is small, and is extremely effective when the diameter of the propulsion pipe 3 is at most about 500 mm.

The sediment is discharged to the discharge tank 14 and the sediment is
The mud separated by the above is stored in the discharge tank 14 and the storage tank 15. The mud stored in the storage tank 15 is adjusted to a specific gravity and viscosity set in advance, and is fed to the mud line 11 by a mud pump 18 connected to the storage tank 15 and supplied to the excavation site of the ground. .

When the specific gravity and viscosity of the mud stored in the storage tank 15 deviate from the preset ranges, the muddy water is adjusted so as to be within the preset ranges. For example, when the specific gravity is large and the viscosity is high, fresh water is supplied from the fresh water tank 16 and adjusted so that the specific gravity is small and the viscosity is low. When the specific gravity is low and the viscosity is low, a clay or a sludge material such as bentonite is mixed to adjust the specific gravity so as to increase the viscosity.

The mud making material such as clay and bentonite is stored in a storage portion 19a of a hopper 19 provided above the storage tank 15, and is sucked by a jet water flow formed by a nozzle 20 disposed in a supply portion 19b. And supplied to the storage tank 15.

The hopper 19 is configured such that the mud material stored in the storage portion 19a falls downward by its own weight and is supplied to a supply portion 19b formed below the storage portion 19a. Further, a nozzle 20 for forming a jet water flow is disposed in the supply section 19b, and the mud making material can be sucked by the Venturi effect when a high-speed water flow is jetted from the nozzle 20. Further, the muddy water in the storage tank 15 can be stirred by the high-speed water flow from the nozzle 20.

The nozzle 20 is connected to the mud feed line 11 via a valve 21a.
By opening and closing in association with the water flow supplied from the mud pump 18 is supplied. That is, when adjusting the specific gravity and the viscosity of the mud stored in the storage tank 15 by adding the mud making material, the valve 21b is closed and the valve 21a is opened, and the mud pump 18 is driven in this state. By pumping the muddy water, the muddy water can be jetted from the nozzle 20 as a jet stream, and the mud-making material contained in the hopper 19 can be sucked with this jetting.

When muddy water is supplied to the excavation site in the ground, the muddy water is pumped through the muddy line 11 by closing the valve 21a and opening the valve 21b to drive the muddy water pump 18. It is possible to

In the sediment separation apparatus A configured as described above,
Muddy water can be stored in the storage tank 15, and the specific gravity and viscosity of the muddy water can be adjusted to values within a preset range. And the stored muddy water is sent to mud pump 1
8, mud feed line 11 and mud feed pipe 5 to supply to the excavated portion of the ground, and muddy water and excavated sediment at the excavated portion through mud drain pipe 6, mud pump 7 and mud line 12. It is possible to discharge.

By opening the discharge port 12a of the sludge discharge line 12 above the sediment separation bag 17 provided in the discharge tank 14, the sediment mixed with the muddy water is separated and retained by the sediment separation bag 17, and the muddy water is removed. It is possible to discharge to the discharge tank 14.

In the sediment separating apparatus A configured as described above, the plane size of the water tank 13 is formed so as to be within the range of the loadable size of a truck (for example, a 4-ton truck). It is configured so that it can be covered by a lid (not shown). Therefore, the muddy water does not overflow even if the muddy water is transported in a state where the muddy water is stored in the discharge tank 14 and the storage tank 15 constituting the water tank 13.

A hook (not shown) is provided on the upper part of the water tank 13.
Is preferably attached. By attaching the hooks in this manner, the hooks can be easily mounted on the truck or lowered from the truck near the starting shaft.

Further, since muddy water having a predetermined specific gravity and viscosity is stored in the storage tank 15, when the mud pump 18 is not used, the muddy water is separated into a mud component and a water component. There is. In addition, when excavating a mountain with a large amount of gravel, it may be necessary to increase the specific gravity of the mud and increase the viscosity. In such a case, it is preferable that a stirring pump 22 is provided inside the storage tank 15 and the stirring is performed by the stirring pump 22 at all times or as needed. With such a configuration, it is possible to stir the mud stored in the storage tank 15 and maintain the mud in a good state even while supplying mud to the excavation site by the mud pump 18. is there.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 23 denotes the ground and the excavator 2,
This is a lubricating material injection device for supplying lubricating material to the propulsion pipe 3.

[0049]

As described in detail above, the sediment separating apparatus according to the present invention has a very simple structure in which a sediment separating bag is provided opposite to the discharge port of the mud discharging line to separate the sediment mixed with the muddy water. You can do it. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the size and nominal weight of the earth and sand separating device and to reduce the size to such an extent that it can be mounted on a truck.

By providing a storage tank connected to the discharge tank and providing a nozzle in the hopper containing the mud material, a high-speed water flow can be formed by the nozzle, and the mud material can be sucked by the Venturi effect. . For this reason, the structure for creating muddy water becomes extremely simple, and it is possible to realize a sediment separation apparatus having a reduced overall size in combination with a sediment separation mechanism.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a sediment separation apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a layout near a starting shaft when the muddy water propulsion method is carried out, and is a diagram for explaining an installation and use state of a sediment separating apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a conventional sediment separating apparatus used when propelling a large-diameter pipe.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List A sediment separator 1 Start shaft 2 Excavator 2a Cutter head 3 Propulsion pipe 4 Main pushing device 4a Push wheel 5 Mud feeding pipe 6 Drain pipe 7 Drain pump 8 Control unit 9, 10 Truck 9a Generator 9b Hydraulic unit 11 Send Mud line 12 Drainage line 13 Water tank 13a Partition wall 13b Communication hole 14 Drain tank 15 Storage tank 16 Fresh water tank 16a Pump 17 Sediment separation bag 17a Handle 18 Mud pump 19 Hopper 19a Storage unit 19b Supply unit 20 Nozzles 21a, 21b Valve 22 Stirring Pump 23 Lubricant injection device

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Akihiro Takemoto 4-31-6 Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Nishishin Sukumatsuya Building F-term in Iseki Development Machinery Co., Ltd. 2D054 AC18 DA12 DA24 DA35 DA37

Claims (2)

[Claims] An apparatus for separating earth and sand from muddy water discharged together with excavated earth and sand when performing a muddy water propulsion method, comprising: a discharge tank for discharging muddy water containing excavated earth and sand; A sediment separation apparatus comprising: a discharge port for discharging muddy water containing the water; and a sediment separation bag detachably disposed opposite to the discharge port. 2. A hopper having a storage section for storing the mud-forming material and a supply section communicating with the storage section, and a suction section connected to the supply section of the hopper for jetting a water flow to suck the mud-forming material from the storage section. It has a nozzle, a mud pump connected to the nozzle and the mud pipe, and a storage tank connected to the mud pump and for storing water sucked from the mud making material. 2. The earth and sand separation device according to 1.