JP2000246142A - Plastics sorting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To apply electrification to every plastic fragment according to the electrification order by its kind in a triboelectrifying device to surely separate and recover plastic fragments. SOLUTION: Prior to agitating plastic fragments 1 in an agitating and electrifying part 14, a vibration giving motor 26 makes styrene foam 15 float and separate from the other plastic fragments 1, and a blower is driven to feed separating air 20 into a separation vessel 17 from an inflow port 21, and the styrene foam 15 is blown up by the separating air and is sucked to a prescribed place from a discharge port 22 by a suction machine, thereby surely triboelectrifying the plastic fragments 1 to apply a prescribed electrification according to the electrification order by their kinds.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plastic sorting apparatus for sorting crushed refuse consisting of plastic pieces by type.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, recycling of refuse has been rapidly promoted. Incidentally, plastics consumed as raw materials for plastic products include vinyl chloride resin (hereinafter referred to as “PVC”) and polyethylene resin (hereinafter “P
E "), polypropylene resin (hereinafter" PP ")
), A polystyrene-based resin (hereinafter referred to as “PS”), and a methacrylic resin [acrylic resin] (hereinafter “P”).
It is considered that the above-mentioned resins occupy most of the recovered waste plastic. In addition, polyethylene terephthalate resin (hereinafter, referred to as “PET”) used as a so-called PET bottle is being independently collected. When recycling these resins, it is important to separate them for each type of resin.

[0003] As a technique for sorting pulverized plastic pieces, there is a plastic sorting apparatus.
The plastic sorting device will be described based on the following. In this plastic sorting apparatus, when plastics 1 of different types of resin, which are sorted and crushed refuse, are put into the hopper 2 in a mixed state, the plastic piece 1 is put into the friction charging device 3 from the outlet of the hopper 2. The plastic piece 1 is agitated and frictionally charged in the frictional charging device 3, and is then spread on the upper surface of the metal drum electrode 5. The metal drum electrode 5 is rotated around a horizontal axis in a predetermined direction and is grounded.

An arc-shaped high-voltage electrode 6 is disposed obliquely above the metal drum electrode 5 in the rotational direction, and a cathode of a high-voltage power supply 7 is connected to the high-voltage electrode 6. The anode of 7 is grounded. By this connection, a rotating ground electrode is formed by the metal drum electrode 5,
A sorting electrostatic field is formed between the high voltage electrode 6 and the metal drum electrode 5.

[0005] Below the metal drum electrode 5, a first separation container 8 and a second separation container 9 which are opened upward are arranged in this order on the upstream side in the rotation direction. A brush 10 for scraping off the plastic piece 1 attached to the peripheral surface of the metal drum electrode 5 is arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the metal drum electrode 5. The operation of the above configuration will be described. A plurality of types of plastic pieces 1 are put into a friction charging device 3 from a hopper 2, and different types of plastic pieces 1 are agitated within the cylinder of the friction charging device 3 and charged by friction. Then, the charged plastic piece 1 is sprayed on the metal drum electrode 5, and the plastic piece 1 negatively charged by the friction charging device 3 is repelled by the high voltage electrode 6 and is attracted to the metal drum electrode 5, The metal drum electrode 5 is dropped into the second separation container 9 by rotation, or is scraped off from the surface of the metal drum electrode 5 by a brush 10 and separated, and then falls into the second separation container 9.

The plastic piece 1 charged with a positive charge opposite to that of the metal drum electrode 5 is adsorbed by the high voltage electrode 6 and falls into the first separation container 8.

[0007]

In the above-mentioned triboelectric charging device 3, when a foamed plastic (for example, styrene foam) is mixed in the plastic piece 1 to be separated, the foaming plastic is not affected even if the triboelectric charging device 3 stirs. Since the specific plastic has a lower specific gravity than the other plastic pieces 1, it floats above the plastic piece 1 and is not subjected to the triboelectric charging by the foamed plastic. Since it could not be applied, the plastic piece 1 could not be accurately separated into the first separation container 8 or the second separation container 9.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a plastic sorting apparatus capable of solving the above-mentioned problems.

[0009]

The object of the present invention is to provide a friction charging device for stirring and frictionally charging a plurality of types of crushed plastic pieces, and a charging device disposed below the friction charging device. An electrostatic separation unit for electrostatically separating the plastic piece according to the charge amount, and separates the foamed plastic piece from other plastic pieces before stirring the plastic piece on the input side of the frictional charging device. Is provided with a blower for blowing air for separation into the separation container, and the foamed plastic piece separated from other plastic pieces by the air for separation is sucked into a predetermined place. Suction device is provided.

Further, a vibration applying device for applying vibration to the separation container is provided. The vibration applying device includes a vibration applying motor, a rotating body attached to a rotating shaft of the vibration applying motor, and one end. Is provided with a vibration applying member eccentrically attached to the rotating shaft and attached to the rotating body and having the other end in contact with the separation container, and a spring for urging the separation container in a direction to assist the vibration of the vibration applying member.

In the above construction, a plurality of types of plastic pieces are put into the separation container in a mixed state, and when the vibration applying motor is driven, the separation container vibrates by the vibration applying member, the vibration is assisted by the spring, and the foaming is performed. Since the specific gravity of the system plastic piece is smaller than that of the other plastic pieces, it floats with respect to the other plastic piece 1 in the separation container and drives the blower to supply the separation air into the separation container. The foamed plastic piece is blown up by air and is suctioned into a predetermined place by driving a suction device.In this way, the plastic piece is agitated by a triboelectric charging device with the foamed plastic piece removed, and friction is generated. It is charged, a predetermined amount of charge is added to each plastic piece according to the charging sequence according to its type, and it is reliably separated by the electrostatic separation unit, It is yield.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, a plastic sorting apparatus S for performing a plastic sorting method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The plastic sorting device S includes a frictional charging device 3 that frictionally charges a plurality of different resin-based plastic pieces (sorted and crushed refuse) 1 in a mixed state. An electrostatic separation unit G for electrostatically separating the plastic pieces 1 charged to different amounts of charge for each type of the pieces 1, and the plastic pieces 1 electrostatically separated by the electrostatic separation unit G are collected for each type. A first separation container 8 and a second separation container 9.

The friction charging device 3 includes a stirring and charging section 14 having a stirring blade 12 rotating around a vertical axis 11 in a stirring vessel 13, and a plastic piece 1 disposed on the charging side of the stirring and charging section 14. A separation container 17 is provided for separating a foamed plastic piece (hereinafter, referred to as styrene foam) 15 from another plastic piece 1 before stirring. A supply port 16 for supplying the plastic piece 1 after frictional charging to the electrostatic separation unit G is formed at a lower portion of the stirring container 13, an input port 18 is formed on one side of the stirring container 13, and a stirring port 18 is formed on the other side. An outlet 19 communicating with the part 14 is formed.

In the middle of the separation container 17, separation air 2
2, an inlet 21 and an outlet 22 are formed. As shown in FIG. 2, a blower 23 for blowing the separation air 20 into the separation container 17 is provided. Styrofoam 15 separated from piece 1
Suction device 24 for sucking into a predetermined place is provided.

A vibration applying device 25 for applying vibration to the separation container 17 is provided. The vibration applying device 25 is attached to a vibration applying motor 26 and a rotating shaft 26 a of the vibration applying motor 26. A vibrating member 28, one end of which is eccentric to the rotation shaft 26 a and is attached to the rotatable member 27 and the other end of which is in contact with the separation container 17. And a spring 29 for urging the container 17.

The electrostatic separation unit G includes a metal drum electrode 5 disposed below the supply port 16 of the stirring vessel 13 and a high voltage electrode 6 disposed obliquely above the metal drum electrode 5.
And a brush 10 disposed below the metal drum electrode 5 for scraping off the plastic pieces 1 attached to the peripheral surface of the metal drum electrode 5. The metal drum electrode 5 is configured to be rotatable in a predetermined direction around a horizontal axis core 5a, and is grounded. The high-voltage electrode 6 is connected to the cathode of a high-voltage power supply 7, and the anode of the high-voltage power supply 7 is grounded. By this connection, a rotating ground electrode is formed by the metal drum electrode 5, and a sorting electrostatic field is formed between the high-voltage electrode 6 and the metal drum electrode 5.

The first separation and stirring vessel 8 and the second separation and stirring vessel 9 are arranged below the metal drum electrode 5 in the rotating direction of the metal drum electrode 5 in order, and the first separation and stirring vessel 8 and the second separation and stirring vessel 9 are separated from each other. Both the stirring containers 9 are open upward. Next, a plastic sorting method in the plastic sorting apparatus S having the above configuration will be described. A plurality of types of plastic pieces 1 are mixed in
It is thrown into. When the vibration applying motor 26 is driven in this state, the rotating shaft 26a rotates, and the vibration applying member 28 is eccentric to the rotating shaft 26a and is in contact with the separation container 17, whereby the separation container 17 vibrates. And the spring 29
This assists vibration. Then, since the specific gravity of the styrene foam 15 is smaller than that of the other plastic pieces 1, the styrofoam 15 floats with respect to the other plastic pieces 1 in the separation container 17. Then, the blower 23 is driven to drive the separation air 20.
Is supplied from the inflow port 21 into the separation container 17, the styrofoam 15 is blown up by the separation air 20, and the styrofoam 15 is suctioned from the discharge port 22 to a predetermined place by the drive of the suction device 24.

In this way, the plastic piece 1 is put into the stirring vessel 13 from the discharge port 19 with the styrofoam 15 removed, and is agitated by the stirring blade 12 rotating about the longitudinal axis 11 to be triboelectrically charged. A predetermined charge amount is added to each plastic piece 1 in accordance with the type of charging sequence. Thereafter, the plastic piece 1 sprayed from the supply port 16 to the upper surface of the metal drum electrode 5 and charged with a negative charge by the frictional charging device 3 is repelled by the high-voltage electrode 6 and is attracted to the metal drum electrode 5, and It falls into the second separation container 9 by the rotation of the drum electrode 5, or is scraped off from the surface of the metal drum electrode 5 by the brush 10 and separated, and falls into the second separation container 9.

The plastic piece 1 charged with a positive charge opposite to that of the metal drum electrode 5 is adsorbed by the high voltage electrode 6 and falls into the first separation container 8. In this way, the plastic pieces 1 are electrostatically separated by type and collected. Specifically, PVC, PP, PE containing styrofoam 15
When an experiment was performed using a plastic piece 1 such as T, the Styrofoam 15 was sufficiently removed. Also, PVC
And the other plastic pieces 1 were separated. The results showed that the styrene foam 15 was not removed and the styrene foam 15 was not removed, and the purity was 96% to 98% and the recovery was 62% to 91%. Both recovery rates could be improved.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, prior to the stirring of the plastic piece 1 by the stirring and charging section 14, the vibration applying motor 26 is driven to cause the styrofoam 15 to move the other plastic piece 1 And the air is separated from the air, and the blower 23 is driven to separate the separation air 20 from the inlet 2.
1 into the separation container 17 and blow up the Styrofoam 15 by the separating air 20 to suck the Styrofoam 15 from the discharge port 22 to a predetermined place by the driving of the suction device 24. The plastic pieces 1 are agitated and friction-charged reliably, a predetermined amount of charge is added to each plastic piece 1 according to the type of charging sequence, and separated into the first separation container 8 or the second separation container 9 for reliable collection. be able to.

[0021]

As is apparent from the above description, the present invention is provided with an electrostatic separation unit disposed below the frictional charging device for electrostatically separating a charged plastic piece according to the amount of charge. Before the plastic piece is stirred, a separation container for separating the foamed plastic piece from other plastic pieces is provided, and a blower for blowing the separation air into the separation container is provided. Since a suction device is provided for sucking the foamed plastic piece separated from the plastic piece into a predetermined place, the foamed plastic piece can be removed before the plastic piece is frictionally charged by the frictional charging device. Therefore, a predetermined amount of charge can be added to each plastic piece according to the type of charging sequence by the friction charging device according to the type of the plastic piece, and separated and collected reliably by the electrostatic separation unit. Door can be.

A vibration applying device for applying vibration to the separation container is provided. The vibration applying device includes a vibration applying motor, a rotating body attached to a rotation shaft of the vibration applying motor, and one end. Is provided with a vibration imparting member eccentrically attached to the rotating body and attached to the rotating body and having the other end in contact with the separation container, and a spring biasing the separation container in a direction to assist the vibration of the vibration imparting member. By applying vibration to the container, the foamed plastic piece can be reliably lifted and removed from other plastic pieces, and a predetermined amount of charge can be applied to each piece of plastic with a frictional charging device according to the type of charging sequence. Can be added, and can be reliably separated and collected by the electrostatic separation unit.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a plastic sorting device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a separation container and a vibration imparting device.

FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of a conventional plastic sorting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plastic piece 3 Friction charging device 8 First separation container 9 Second separation container 13 Separation air 23 Blower 24 Suction device 25 Vibration imparting device 26 Vibration imparting motor 28 Vibration imparting member 29 Spring G Electrostatic separation unit S Plastic sorting device

Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Masanori Tsukahara 1-7-89 Minami Kohoku, Suminoe-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor Daisuke Tamakoshi 1-7-89 Minami-Kohoku, Suminoe-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka No. Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor Hidehiko Maehata 1-7-89 Minami Kohoku, Suminoe-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture F-term in Hitachi Zosen Corporation 4D021 FA01 FA12 GA12 GA23 GB03 HA10 4D054 GA01 GA10 GB01 GB09

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A friction charging device for stirring and frictionally charging a plurality of types of crushed plastic pieces, and a statically separated plastic piece disposed below the friction charging device according to a charge amount. And a separation container for separating the foamed plastic piece from other plastic pieces before stirring the plastic piece on the input side of the frictional charging device. A blower is provided for blowing separation air into the separation container, and a suction device for sucking a foamed plastic piece separated from other plastic pieces by the separation air into a predetermined place is provided. A plastic sorting device provided. 2. The plastic sorting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a vibration applying device for applying vibration to the separation container. 3. A vibration imparting device, comprising: a vibration imparting motor;
A rotating body attached to the rotating shaft of the vibration imparting motor, a vibration imparting member having one end eccentric to the rotating shaft and attached to the rotating body and the other end abutting on the separation container, and assisting vibration of the vibration imparting member. The plastic sorting apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a spring for urging the separation container in a direction in which the separation is performed.